37:
364:
while the Awf and Ka'b sub-tribes formed the Banu al-Awhad. Another leading
Zuhayri sub-tribe was the al-Harith, whose eponymous founder was a son of Murra ibn Zuhayr. The Malik division also bore numerous tribal groupings, including al-Lahazim (descendants of Awf ibn Malik), al-Abna' (descendants of Rabi'a, A'idh and Imru' al-Qays, all sons of Taym ibn Usama ibn Malik), al-Qu'ur (descendants of Malik's sons Malik and al-Harith) and Rish al-Hubara (descendants of Qu'ayn ibn Malik). The
901:(r. 833–842). At around the same time, Malik ibn Tawk persuaded Sahl ibn Bishr, a great-grandson of al-Akhtal, to convert to Islam along with all of al-Akhtal's descendants. The Banu Habib converted to Christianity in 935 when they defected to Byzantium. The historian Asa Eger comments, "The idea that they converted to Christianity may only partially be true, as many may still retained their Christian past identities."
600:, the Taghlib turned against the Qays. The conflict with Qays likely precipitated the Taghlib's reconciliation with the Banu Bakr. The Taghlibi chieftain Hammam ibn al-Mutarrif secured the peace and alliance of the two tribes by compensating the Bakr for their losses at the Battle of Dhi Qar. A leader of the Taghlib, Abd Yasu', served as the Taghlib and Bakr's joint envoy to Caliph
545:(a tax paid by Muslims to the poor) instead. The Taghlib reasoned they were Arabs and should not be treated like non-Muslims, but instead wished to be treated like Muslims. Given that this tax issue had already caused some Christian Arabs to defect to the Byzantine empire, Caliph Umar conceded to their demand and instead applied on the Taghlib either the zakat or
352:). The al-Araqim were the most important group of the Taghlib and nearly all of the genealogical history of the Taghlib centers around them. The six divisions of the al-Araqim were the Jusham (the largest), Malik (second largest), Amr, Tha'laba, al-Harith and Mu'awiya. Because of their size and strength, the Jusham and Malik were collectively referred to as
470:
622:, with whom he engaged in "verbal warfare" in the Umayyad court. Under Abd al-Malik, al-Akhtal was the official poet of the Umayyad court and vigorously championed the Umayyads' against their opponents. The Taghlibi–Qaysi conflict culminated with a decisive Taghlibi victory at Yawm al-Hashshak in the Jazira near the
437:
who backed
Shurahbil. Al-Saffah, a Taghlibi warrior from the Malik division, was commander of Salama's cavalry, while another Taghlibi, Usum ibn al-Nu'man, slew Shurahbil in battle. The Basus War ended in the mid-6th century when the Taghlib and Bakr signed a peace treaty at the Dhu al-Majaz market near
436:
in central and northern Arabia. Both the
Taghlib and the Bakr became subjects of the Kingdom during the reign of al-Harith ibn Amr ibn Hujr (early 6th century). After al-Harith's death (post 530), his sons Shurahbil and Salama contested the throne. The Taghlib and Namir backed Salama against the Bakr
381:
In the pre-Islamic era (pre-630s), the
Taghlib were among the strongest and largest Bedouin tribes in Arabia. Their high degree of tribal solidarity was reflected in the large formations they organized into during battle. The tribe was involved in several major battles during this period. As early as
363:
From the Jusham division came the Zuhayr branch, from which several large sub-tribes descended, including the Attab, Utba, Itban, Awf and Ka'b lines; all of these lines were founded by the eponymous sons of Sa'd ibn Zuhayr ibn Jusham. The Attab, Utba and Itban sub-tribes formed the al-Utab grouping,
343:
Information about the
Taghlib's branches were in large part based on the records of the pre-Islamic Taghlibi genealogist al-Akhzar ibn Suhayma. Taghlib ibn Wa'il had three sons, Ghanm, Imran and al-Aws. However, in Arab genealogical literature, only the descendants of Ghanm ibn Taghlib are discussed
811:
as caliph in 908. Husayn's brothers Abu'l Hayja
Abdallah (governor of Mosul in 905–913 and 914–916), Ibrahim (governor of Diyar Rabi'a in 919), Dawud (governor of Diyar Rabi'a in 920) and Sa'id remained loyal to the Abbasids and Husayn eventually gained a pardon and was appointed governor of Diyar
853:
and defected to
Byzantium. They were apportioned lands along the frontier and given animals and other gifts by the Byzantines, who were seeking to buttress their manpower along with frontier. Afterward, the Habib raided the Islamic side of the frontier, mainly Diyar Mudar, annually during harvest
896:
and noted individuals, such as the
Umayyad court poets Ka'b ibn Ju'ayl and 'Umayr ibn Shiyaym. The vast majority remained Christian during this period. Later in the Abbasid era, in the 9th century, significant numbers of Taghlibi tribesmen embraced Islam and attained higher office in the state.
456:
in 568. As late as the 8th century, Taghlibi tribesmen glorified Amr ibn
Kulthum as among the most preeminent Arabs of the pre-Islamic era, and noted his poetic skills, his struggle against the kings of al-Hira and his feats in the conflict with the Bakr. In 605, the Taghlib and Bakr fought on
783:
surrendered
Ardumusht and joined al-Mu'tadid's forces. Hamdan surrendered to the Abbasids outside of Mosul and was imprisoned, but Husayn's good offices with al-Mu'tadid gained Hamdan a pardon. Husayn led or participated in Abbasid expeditions against the
683:. Both Hisham and Bistam were Muslims. Another Taghlibi Muslim, Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Hamid led an Abbasid expedition against the Byzantines in the summer of 793. In the early 9th century, the Adi ibn Usama line of the Malik division, known as the
501:(632–633) between the Muslims and the apostate Arab tribes, the Taghlib fought alongside the latter. Sections of the Taghlib, particularly the Utba line of the Zuhayr branch, fought the Muslim armies in Iraq and Upper Mesopotamia during the
883:
and bureaucrats for military and fiscal affairs. After the early years of the Hamdanid dynasty, the Taghlib, like many Arab tribes established in the region before and after the 7th-century Muslim conquests, "disappeared into obscurity".
557:
argues that Muslim majority countries can apply this lesson to their non-Muslim citizens by charging non-Muslims not jizya but an equivalent tax instead (which would exempt non-Muslims from paying the zakat that is imposed on Muslims).
819:, who ruled as his father's deputy ruler in Mosul, struggled to secure the governorship of that city. His rule was opposed by his uncles Sa'id and Nasr, the Banu Habib (a rival Taghlibi clan) and Caliph
331:. Their full genealogy is as follows: Taghlib/Dithār ibn Wāʾil ibn Qasit ibn Hinb ibn Afṣā ibn Duʿmī ibn Jadīla ibn Asad ibn Rabīʿa ibn Nizār ibn Maʿadd ibn Adnān. Their rival and brother tribe was the
429:
region. There, they lived alongside the Namir ibn Qasit tribe, the Taghlib's paternal kinsmen. A section of the Taghlib had already lived in the Lower Euphrates prior to the tribe's mass exodus.
861:, the following year. Nasir al-Dawla was deposed as governor of Mosul and the Jazira by his sons in 967. The province remained in Hamdanid hands until 1002. Meanwhile, Nasir al-Dawla's brother,
295:. The Hamdanids ruled both of these emirates until their political demise in 1002. The Taghlib as a tribe, however, had disappeared from the historical record during the early Hamdanid period.
240:
and remained largely Christian long after the advent of Islam in the mid-7th century. After early opposition to the Muslims, the Taghlib eventually secured for themselves an important place in
892:
Small numbers of Taghlibi tribesmen converted to Islam during the Umayyad era (661–750) and early Abbasid era (8th century), including the small Taghlibi community of Kufa, some tribesmen in
417:, from the al-Harith ibn Murra line of the Zuhayr branch, was murdered by his brother-in-law, Jassas ibn Murra al-Shaybani of the Banu Bakr. This precipitated a long conflict, known as the
425:
assumed leadership of the Taghlib, but quit his position after the Taghlib's decisive defeat at the battle of Yawm al-Tahaluq, after which the bulk of the Taghlib fled Najd for the Lower
344:
extensively. From Ghanm came the al-Araqim, which referred to the descendants of six sons of Bakr ibn Hubayb ibn Amr ibn Ghanm, all of whom had eyes that resembled those of
553:, and later Muslim jurists opined that a Muslim ruler could waive the jizya from non-Muslims so long as the ruler collected an alternate tax that was equivalent in amount.
576:, was the likely reason members of the tribe were not assigned important positions in the state during the Umayyad era. Nonetheless, they backed the Umayyads during the
1641:
812:
Rabi'a in 910. He later revolted, was captured and executed in 916. Abu al-Hayja', meanwhile, was again made governor of Mosul in 920, serving until his death in 929.
695:
in 813. Some years later, another Taghlibi linked to al-Hasan by marriage, Tawk ibn Malik of the Attab line of the Jusham division, became governor of
516:, the Taghlib switched allegiance to the Muslims whilst retaining their Christian faith. Among the most prominent defectors was Utba ibn al-Waghl, a
539:, while retaining their Christian faith, is notable. The Taghlib refused to pay the jizya like other Christian subjects and requested to pay the
489:
The Taghlib's political influence receded considerably during the advent of Islam in the mid-7th century. Due to their distance from Mecca and
1584:
1538:
1488:
1080:
691:
gained political prominence in the Jazira. One of their members, al-Hasan ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab was appointed governor of Mosul by Caliph
1634:
630:
was slain; the Taghlib sent the latter's head to Abd al-Malik, who was pleased with the death of the rebel leader. The last Umayyad caliph
356:, which translated as "the two horns" or "the two numerous and strong companies". The smaller Amr division of the al-Araqim was known as
857:
In 942, Nasir al-Dawla became the effective ruler of the Abbasid Caliphate until being outmaneuvered by his rebellious Turkish officer,
520:-based activist from the Sa'd line of the Jusham division. Much of the Taghlibi troops of the Muslim army settled in Kufa. During the
505:. A daughter of the Utba chieftain Rabi'a ibn Bujayr named Umm Habib was taken captive and sent to Medina, where she was purchased by
493:, the two cities that played the central role in Islam's development, the Taghlib were not involved in Islamic affairs in the prophet
764:
1609:
1464:
1287:
1145:
942:
263:. By the mid-9th century, much of the Taghlib converted to Islam, partly as a result of the persuasion of the Taghlibi governor of
477:
and its districts, during the Islamic era. The Jazira was the abode of the Banu Taghlib from the late 6th century, and during the
1627:
1549:
1499:
897:
Apparently, the mass conversion of the Taghlib to Islam occurred in the second half of the 9th century during the reign of
474:
879:
in 1002. The Hamdanids did not depend on their Taghlibi tribesmen for matters of the state, relying instead on non-Arab
627:
2215:
1136:
Blachère, R. (1960). "'Amr ibn Kulthum". In Gibb, H. A. R.; Kramers, J. H.; Lévi-Provençal, E.; Schacht, J. (eds.).
1570:
1524:
1431:
1223:
808:
502:
2282:
1557:
1515:
2287:
1410:
1247:
Fiqh Al-Zakāh: A Comprehensive Study of Zakah Regulations and Philosophy in the Light of the Qur'an and Sunnah
585:
1278:
Blachère, R. (1960). "Al-Akhtal". In Gibb, H. A. R.; Kramers, J. H.; Lévi-Provençal, E.; Schacht, J. (eds.).
2302:
1820:
601:
597:
567:
249:
1418:
641:) appointed the Taghlibi tribesman and descendant of al-Saffah, Hisham ibn Amr ibn Bistam, as governor of
513:
869:
and northern Syria in 945. His descendants would continue to rule the emirate until being deposed by the
2292:
680:
422:
876:
36:
2263:
2251:
453:
525:
259:
rule, some individuals from the tribe embraced Islam and were given governorships in parts of the
1601:
1519:
1480:
The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century
593:
217:
50:
324:
2297:
1456:
The Islamic-Byzantine Frontier: Interaction and Exchange Among Muslim and Christian Communities
776:
549:(both taxes normally imposed on Muslims). Umar's exemption was widely approved by other senior
1605:
1580:
1534:
1484:
1460:
1441:
1283:
1141:
1097:
1076:
938:
849:. That year the Banu Habib, numbering 12,000 horsemen and their families, left Hamdanid-ruled
780:
760:
478:
458:
445:
414:
256:
241:
233:
205:
67:
1803:
1763:
1651:
1507:
754:
619:
614:
The Taghlib's champion during their conflict with the Qays was the well-known Taghlibi poet
573:
529:
482:
433:
365:
280:
244:
politics. They allied with the Umayyads and engaged in numerous battles with the rebellious
141:
42:
2185:
1871:
1503:
1474:
793:
785:
449:
383:
189:
696:
532:(657). However, at Siffin, a significant Taghlibi force also fought alongside Mu'awiya .
287:
formed an autonomous emirate out of Mosul and the Jazira. Likewise, in 945, his brother,
264:
1595:
2190:
1849:
1699:
1565:
1553:
1511:
1426:
1422:
1242:
898:
816:
768:
712:
704:
554:
407:
284:
272:
2276:
1940:
1925:
1902:
1839:
1808:
1778:
1714:
1561:
1414:
862:
727:
399:
368:
traced its descent to the Malik division via their ancestor Adi ibn Usama ibn Malik.
288:
935:
E.J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936, Volume III: E–I'timād al-Dawla
485:
ruled much of Jazira between the mid-10th century and the start of the 11th century.
2210:
2158:
2153:
2131:
2107:
2046:
2031:
2007:
1997:
1957:
1768:
1746:
1724:
910:
708:
623:
577:
382:
the 4th century CE, the Taghlib were within the sphere of influence of the Persian
283:, secured the governorships of these regions, and in the 930s, the Hamdanid leader
237:
170:
2085:
2065:
1674:
700:
1478:
1454:
930:
841:) as governor of Mosul and all three provinces of the Jazira, i.e. Diyar Rabi'a,
830:). By 935, Nasir al-Dawla had prevailed against them and was appointed by Caliph
524:(656–661), members of the Taghlib fought on the side of Ali ibn Abi Talib at the
2116:
2070:
2036:
1987:
1967:
1910:
1893:
1866:
1854:
1830:
1825:
1798:
1773:
1758:
1679:
842:
820:
589:
521:
481:
era, several Taghlibi tribesmen governed its provinces and cities. The Taghlibi
2205:
2200:
2195:
2121:
2102:
2090:
2080:
2041:
2002:
1982:
1915:
1878:
1704:
846:
797:
789:
572:
The Taghlib's shared Christian faith and proximity to the Muslims' enemy, the
498:
320:
316:
216:. The Taghlib were among the most powerful and cohesive nomadic tribes of the
209:
85:
1445:
1102:. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. p. 404.
319:
Taghlib ibn Wa'il, also known as Dithar ibn Wa'il. The tribe belonged to the
2232:
2222:
2173:
2138:
2075:
1977:
1888:
1883:
1788:
1736:
1694:
1282:. Vol. I: A–B (new ed.). Leiden and New York: Brill. p. 331.
1140:. Vol. I: A–B (new ed.). Leiden and New York: Brill. p. 452.
893:
716:
679:) replaced Hisham with his brother Bistam, before reassigning the latter to
665:
654:
631:
615:
426:
418:
395:
332:
328:
260:
221:
213:
2148:
2143:
1669:
779:, but in 895, the Abbasids captured the former and afterward, Hamdan's son
1962:
275:. Several Taghlibi tribesmen were appointed governors of Diyar Rabi'a and
2178:
2168:
2053:
2026:
1992:
1935:
1861:
1719:
1684:
1619:
738:
669:
494:
387:
268:
225:
27:
2237:
2097:
2060:
1930:
1920:
1844:
850:
831:
742:
692:
546:
391:
304:
229:
771:. At the time, Hamdan held a number of forts in the Jazira, including
469:
2246:
2126:
1972:
1945:
1815:
1793:
1783:
1753:
871:
866:
772:
550:
490:
292:
1660:
These prefixes ignored in the alphabetical ordering: Al, Bani, Banu.
279:
by the Abbasids. In the early 10th century, a Taghlibi family, the
1952:
1741:
1731:
1689:
858:
642:
596:
and attacked the tribe with sanction from the anti-Umayyad leader
541:
536:
468:
438:
403:
276:
175:
220:
and were known for their bitter wars with their kinsmen from the
2227:
2163:
2021:
581:
517:
312:
308:
245:
201:
63:
1623:
1709:
807:), but fell from grace for taking part in the plot to install
580:(680–692). Initially, they nominally supported the rebellious
506:
509:; she gave birth to Ali's twins, Umar al-Kabir and Ruqayya.
854:
time and captured the forts of Hisn Ziyad and Hisn Mansur.
461:, with the Taghlib backing the Sasanians against the Bakr.
448:(known to the Arabs as the "Jazira") after their chieftain
444:
The Taghlib migrated further north along the Euphrates to
394:. It is mentioned during this time that the Sasanian king
535:
The fact that the Muslim state exempted the Taghlib from
16:
Arab tribe in Upper Mesopotamia in the 5th–10th centuries
588:, an episode of the civil war. However, after the Qaysi
1483:(Second ed.). Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
931:"E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913-1936"
452:
of the Jusham division assassinated the Lakhmid king
737:). He later founded the Euphrates fortress town of
166:
91:
81:
73:
59:
49:
21:
1096:Ibn Khallikan (1842). De Slane, Mac Guckin (ed.).
432:Concurrent with the Basus War was the rise of the
1099:Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary, Volume 1
421:, between the Taghlib and Bakr. Kulaib's brother
323:confederation and thus traced its descent to the
1071:Ibn Abd Rabbih (2011). Boullata, Issa J. (ed.).
413:In the late 5th century, the Taghlibi chieftain
1273:
1271:
1635:
1600:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p.
291:, created a northern Syrian emirate based in
8:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
212:, and they thus traced their descent to the
1237:
1235:
1233:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
1642:
1628:
1620:
1571:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1525:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1432:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1113:
1111:
1109:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
997:
995:
993:
991:
989:
987:
985:
983:
981:
979:
969:
967:
965:
963:
759:In the 880s, a member of the Adi Taghlib,
592:tribe encroached on their villages in the
1262:The Spread of Islam Throughout the World
618:, whose main poetic rival was the Qaysi
1533:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 89–93.
1075:. Garnet Publishing. pp. 265–266.
929:Houtsma, Martijn Theodoor, ed. (1987).
921:
224:, as well as their struggles with the
18:
7:
1579:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 362.
1392:
1353:
815:Upon Abu al-Hayja's death, his son
715:(district of Jordan) under caliphs
303:The Banu Taghlib were originally a
193:
398:sent Taghlibi captives to live in
14:
865:founded the Hamdanid emirate of
315:. The tribe was named after its
35:
1597:A Literary History of the Arabs
836:
825:
802:
732:
721:
674:
664:) reassigned Hisham ibn Amr to
659:
636:
606:
1594:Nicholson, Reynold A. (1907).
1260:Idris El Hareir, Ravane Mbay.
41:Banner of the Banu Taghlib in
1:
1073:The Unique Necklace, Volume 3
937:. Leiden: BRILL. p. 38.
626:, in which the Sulaymi chief
208:. Their parent tribe was the
1548:Levi Della Vida, G. (1986).
1220:Contemporary Issues in Islam
386:and their Arab clients, the
796:during the reign of Caliph
711:(district of Damascus) and
311:) tribe that inhabited the
2319:
1224:Edinburgh University Press
752:
565:
503:Islamic conquest of Persia
2260:
1665:
1658:
1280:The Encyclopedia of Islam
1138:The Encyclopedia of Islam
703:(r. 813–833). Tawk's son
512:At some point during the
252:in the late 7th century.
204:tribe that originated in
34:
26:
1126:Levi Della Vida, p. 362.
406:, both in the region of
348:(speckled snakes; sing.
1440:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
1302:Lecker 2000, pp. 92–93.
1208:Lecker 2000, pp. 91–92.
957:Lecker 2000, pp. 89–90.
809:Abdallah ibn al-Mu'tazz
598:Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr
578:Second Muslim Civil War
238:Miaphysite Christianity
171:Miaphysite Christianity
707:served as governor of
522:First Muslim Civil War
486:
457:opposing sides in the
236:). The tribe embraced
1453:Eger, A. Asa (2014).
1383:Kennedy 2004, p. 283.
472:
423:Abu Layla al-Muhalhel
178:(9th century–present)
1374:Canard 1971, p. 130.
1365:Canard 1971, p. 129.
1344:Canard 1971, p. 127.
1324:Canard 1971, p. 126.
497:'s time. During the
173:(6th–9th centuries)
2216:Sa'd ibn Zayd Manat
1498:Lecker, M. (2000).
1409:Canard, M. (1971).
1356:, pp. 291–292.
1199:Lecker 2000, p. 92.
1117:Lecker 2000, p. 93.
1009:Lecker 2000, p. 90.
973:Lecker 2000, p. 89.
765:Kharijite Rebellion
653:The Abbasid caliph
586:Qays–Yaman conflict
526:Battle of the Camel
465:Early Muslim period
333:Banu Bakr ibn Wa'il
1821:Bakr ibn Abd Manat
1550:"Kulayb b. Rabīʿa"
1500:"Taghlib b. Wāʾil"
1061:Lecker 2000, p. 91
628:Umayr ibn al-Hubab
568:Qays–Yaman rivalry
487:
410:(eastern Arabia).
250:Qays–Yaman feuding
248:tribes during the
2270:
2269:
1586:978-90-04-07819-2
1540:978-90-04-11211-7
1490:978-0-582-40525-7
1218:Asma Afsaruddin.
1082:978-1-85964-239-9
875:(slave soldier),
761:Hamdan ibn Hamdun
507:Ali ibn Abi Talib
459:Battle of Dhi Qar
446:Upper Mesopotamia
415:Kulaib ibn Rabiah
234:Lower Mesopotamia
198:Taghlib ibn Wa'il
196:), also known as
182:
181:
77:Taghlib ibn Wa'il
68:Upper Mesopotamia
2310:
2283:Tribes of Arabia
1644:
1637:
1630:
1621:
1615:
1590:
1544:
1520:Heinrichs, W. P.
1494:
1475:Kennedy, Hugh N.
1470:
1449:
1396:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1342:
1325:
1322:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1275:
1266:
1265:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1249:. p. 53-54.
1239:
1228:
1227:
1215:
1209:
1206:
1200:
1197:
1152:
1151:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1118:
1115:
1104:
1103:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1068:
1062:
1059:
1010:
1007:
974:
971:
958:
955:
949:
948:
926:
840:
838:
829:
827:
806:
804:
755:Hamdanid dynasty
749:Hamdanid dynasty
736:
734:
725:
723:
678:
676:
663:
661:
645:and the Jazira.
640:
638:
610:
608:
574:Byzantine Empire
530:Battle of Siffin
514:Muslim conquests
483:Hamdanid dynasty
366:Hamdanid dynasty
195:
142:Hamdanid dynasty
43:Battle of Siffin
39:
19:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2308:
2307:
2288:Tribes of Syria
2273:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2256:
1661:
1654:
1648:
1618:
1612:
1593:
1587:
1554:Bosworth, C. E.
1547:
1541:
1512:Bosworth, C. E.
1497:
1491:
1473:
1467:
1452:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1328:
1323:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1290:
1277:
1276:
1269:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1241:
1240:
1231:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1155:
1148:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1107:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1083:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1013:
1008:
977:
972:
961:
956:
952:
945:
928:
927:
923:
919:
907:
890:
877:Lu'lu' al-Kabir
835:
824:
801:
767:against Caliph
757:
751:
731:
720:
673:
658:
651:
635:
605:
570:
564:
467:
454:Amr ibn al-Hind
450:Amr ibn Kulthum
434:Kindite Kingdom
384:Sasanian Empire
379:
377:Pre-Islamic era
374:
341:
301:
267:and founder of
218:pre-Islamic era
174:
45:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2316:
2314:
2306:
2305:
2303:Tribes of Iraq
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2275:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2225:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2213:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2141:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2083:
2073:
2068:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1978:Bakr ibn Wa'il
1975:
1970:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1905:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1875:
1874:
1864:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1842:
1837:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1632:
1624:
1617:
1616:
1610:
1591:
1585:
1558:van Donzel, E.
1545:
1539:
1516:van Donzel, E.
1504:Bearman, P. J.
1495:
1489:
1471:
1465:
1459:. Bloomsbury.
1450:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1395:, p. 292.
1385:
1376:
1367:
1358:
1346:
1326:
1304:
1295:
1288:
1267:
1264:. p. 201.
1252:
1243:Yusuf Qaradawi
1229:
1226:. p. 188.
1210:
1201:
1153:
1146:
1128:
1119:
1105:
1088:
1081:
1063:
1011:
975:
959:
950:
943:
920:
918:
915:
914:
913:
906:
903:
889:
886:
839: 934–940
828: 908–929
817:Nasir al-Dawla
805: 902–908
753:Main article:
750:
747:
735: 847–861
724: 842–847
713:Jund al-Urdunn
705:Malik ibn Tawk
677: 775–785
662: 754–775
650:
649:Abbasid period
647:
639: 744–750
609: 685–705
584:tribes in the
563:
562:Umayyad period
560:
555:Yusuf Qaradawi
528:(656) and the
466:
463:
378:
375:
373:
370:
340:
337:
327:branch of the
300:
297:
285:Nasir al-Dawla
273:Malik ibn Tawk
180:
179:
168:
164:
163:
162:
161:
158:
155:
154:
153:
150:
149:
148:
147:
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136:
127:
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125:
124:
123:
122:
121:
115:
114:
113:
110:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
75:
74:Descended from
71:
70:
61:
57:
56:
53:
47:
46:
40:
32:
31:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2315:
2304:
2301:
2299:
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2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2265:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2066:Sa'd ibn Nasr
2064:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1926:Banu al-Hakam
1924:
1923:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1895:
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1877:
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1622:
1613:
1611:9780521095723
1607:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1592:
1588:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1526:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1508:Bianquis, Th.
1505:
1501:
1496:
1492:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1466:9780857726858
1462:
1458:
1457:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1433:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1419:Ménage, V. L.
1416:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1394:
1389:
1386:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1347:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1299:
1296:
1291:
1289:90-04-08114-3
1285:
1281:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1256:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1214:
1211:
1205:
1202:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1147:90-04-08114-3
1143:
1139:
1132:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1100:
1092:
1089:
1084:
1078:
1074:
1067:
1064:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
994:
992:
990:
988:
986:
984:
982:
980:
976:
970:
968:
966:
964:
960:
954:
951:
946:
944:90-04-08265-4
940:
936:
932:
925:
922:
916:
912:
909:
908:
904:
902:
900:
895:
887:
885:
882:
878:
874:
873:
868:
864:
863:Sayf al-Dawla
860:
855:
852:
848:
844:
833:
822:
818:
813:
810:
799:
795:
791:
787:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
763:, joined the
762:
756:
748:
746:
744:
740:
729:
728:al-Mutawakkil
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
699:under Caliph
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
671:
667:
656:
648:
646:
644:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
612:
603:
599:
595:
594:Khabur Valley
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
569:
561:
559:
556:
552:
551:early Muslims
548:
544:
543:
538:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
484:
480:
476:
471:
464:
462:
460:
455:
451:
447:
442:
440:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
411:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
376:
371:
369:
367:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
338:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
298:
296:
294:
290:
289:Sayf al-Dawla
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
191:
187:
177:
172:
169:
165:
159:
156:
151:
143:
140:
139:
137:
134:
133:
131:
130:
128:
119:
118:
116:
111:
108:
107:
105:
104:
102:
101:
99:
98:
96:
95:
94:
90:
87:
84:
80:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62:
58:
54:
52:
48:
44:
38:
33:
29:
25:
20:
2293:Banu Taghlib
2014:
2008:Banu Yashkur
1596:
1576:
1569:
1530:
1523:
1479:
1455:
1437:
1430:
1402:Bibliography
1388:
1379:
1370:
1361:
1349:
1298:
1279:
1261:
1255:
1246:
1219:
1213:
1204:
1137:
1131:
1122:
1098:
1091:
1072:
1066:
953:
934:
924:
911:Iyad (tribe)
891:
880:
870:
856:
814:
758:
709:Jund Dimashq
697:Diyar Rabi'a
689:al-ʿAdawīyya
688:
685:ʿAdī Taghlib
684:
652:
624:Tigris River
613:
602:Abd al-Malik
571:
540:
534:
511:
488:
443:
431:
412:
380:
362:
358:al-Nakhābiqa
357:
353:
349:
345:
342:
302:
265:Diyar Rabi'a
254:
197:
186:Banu Taghlib
185:
183:
82:Parent tribe
22:Banu Taghlib
2264:Arab tribes
1968:Abd al-Qays
1652:Arab tribes
1650:Historical
1566:Pellat, Ch.
1436:Volume III:
1427:Schacht, J.
1423:Pellat, Ch.
1411:"Hamdanids"
899:al-Mu'tasim
843:Diyar Mudar
821:al-Muqtadir
769:al-Mu'tadid
681:Adharbayjan
590:Banu Sulaym
473:Map of the
2277:Categories
2186:al-Samayda
2003:Taym Allah
1983:Banu Dhuhl
917:References
847:Diyar Bakr
798:al-Muktafi
790:Qarmatians
566:See also:
499:Ridda Wars
339:Sub-groups
317:progenitor
200:, were an
30:Arab tribe
1850:Abd-Shams
1789:Banu Kanz
1695:Banu Asad
1575:Volume V:
1562:Lewis, B.
1529:Volume X:
1446:495469525
1415:Lewis, B.
1393:Eger 2014
1354:Eger 2014
894:Qinnasrin
777:Ardumusht
717:al-Wathiq
701:al-Ma'mun
668:. Caliph
655:al-Mansur
632:Marwan II
616:al-Akhtal
427:Euphrates
419:Basus War
396:Shapur II
390:kings of
354:al-Rawkān
329:Adnanites
307:(nomadic
281:Hamdanids
261:Caliphate
232:in Iraq (
228:kings of
222:Banu Bakr
214:Adnanites
120:Al-Harith
2262:Part of
2169:Juhaynah
2047:Tha'laba
2027:Ghatafan
1809:Mustaliq
1799:Khath'am
1764:Al-Haram
1685:Banu Amr
1577:Khe–Mahi
1568:(eds.).
1522:(eds.).
1477:(2004).
1429:(eds.).
1245:(2011).
905:See also
888:Religion
794:Tulunids
786:Dulafids
741:(modern
739:al-Rahba
670:al-Mahdi
495:Muhammad
404:al-Khatt
350:al-Arqām
269:al-Rahba
194:بنو تغلب
167:Religion
92:Branches
60:Location
55:Taghlibī
28:Adnanite
2298:Rabi`ah
2238:Al Fadl
2211:Hanzala
2159:Balqayn
2132:Muharib
2108:Qushayr
2098:Khafaja
2061:Hawazin
2032:Dhubyan
2015:Taghlib
1998:Shayban
1958:Muzayna
1921:Madhhaj
1907:Khuthir
1845:Quraysh
1840:Jadhima
1804:Khuza'a
1769:Hudhayl
1725:Khazraj
881:ghilman
851:Nisibin
832:al-Radi
743:Mayadin
693:al-Amin
547:sadaqah
479:Abbasid
408:Bahrayn
392:al-Hira
388:Lakhmid
372:History
305:Bedouin
299:Origins
257:Abbasid
255:During
242:Umayyad
230:al-Hira
226:Lakhmid
103:Zuhayr
100:Jusham
2247:Thamud
2233:Jarrah
2223:Tanukh
2191:Sa'ida
2149:Bahra'
2144:Quda'a
2127:Bahila
2117:Sulaym
2071:Thaqif
2037:Fazara
1988:Hanifa
1973:Anizah
1963:Rabi'a
1946:Zubaid
1911:Lihyan
1867:Hashim
1855:Umayya
1831:Ghifar
1826:Damrah
1816:Kinana
1794:Kahlan
1784:Jurhum
1774:Judham
1759:Hamdan
1754:Bajila
1747:Zahran
1700:Ash'ar
1608:
1583:
1564:&
1537:
1518:&
1487:
1463:
1444:
1438:H–Iram
1425:&
1286:
1144:
1079:
941:
872:ghulam
867:Aleppo
788:, the
781:Husayn
773:Mardin
726:) and
491:Medina
475:Jazira
346:arāqim
321:Rabi'a
293:Aleppo
210:Rabi'a
206:Jazira
190:Arabic
132:Usama
129:Malik
117:Murra
97:Ghanm
86:Rabi'a
2252:Yaman
2206:Tamim
2201:Shuja
2196:Shehr
2179:Salih
2139:Qedar
2122:Ghani
2103:Kilab
2091:Uqayl
2081:Hilal
2042:Murra
1953:Maqil
1941:Nukha
1916:Lakhm
1903:Kinda
1894:Zuhra
1879:Jumah
1872:Abbas
1779:Ju'fa
1742:Ghamd
1732:Bariq
1715:Ansar
1705:Aslam
1690:Anmar
1680:Amila
1552:. In
1502:. In
1413:. In
859:Tuzun
643:Mosul
620:Jarir
582:Qaysi
542:zakat
537:jizya
439:Mecca
400:Darin
325:Nizar
277:Mosul
246:Qaysi
176:Islam
157:Imran
109:Attab
106:Sa'd
51:Nisba
2228:Tayy
2174:Kalb
2164:Jarm
2154:Bali
2086:Ka'b
2076:Amir
2022:Qays
1889:Taym
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