318:
20:
1048:
725:; several points are worth noting from Table 2. First, a group of countries including Indonesia, Poland, India, Kenya, Saudi Arabia, Japan, Mexico and Thailand show large percentages (over 50%) of technophobic students. In contrast, there are five countries which show under 30% technophobes (US, Yugoslavia – Croatia, Singapore, Israel and Hungary). The remaining countries were in between these two groupings.
81:, technophobia has been observed to affect various societies and communities throughout the world. This has caused some groups to take stances against some modern technological developments in order to preserve their ideologies. In some of these cases, the new technologies conflict with established beliefs, such as the personal values of simplicity and modest lifestyles.
1062:
142:, a group of anti-technology workers, united under the name "Ludd" in March 1811, removing key components from knitting frames, raiding houses for supplies, and petitioning for trade rights while threatening greater violence. Poor harvests and food riots lent aid to their cause by creating a restless and agitated population for them to draw supporters from.
238:
134:. With the development of new machines able to do the work of skilled craftsmen using unskilled, low-wage labor, those who worked a trade began to fear for their livelihoods. In 1675, a group of weavers destroyed machines that replaced their jobs. By 1727, the destruction had become so prevalent that
260:
Resistance to new technologies did not occur when the newly adopted technology aided the work process without making significant changes to it. The
British Luddites protested the application of the machines, rather than the invention of the machine itself. They argued that their labor was a crucial
256:
of
British artisans in the 19th century who organized in opposition to technological advances in the textile industry. These advances replaced many skilled textile artisans with comparatively unskilled machine operators. The 19th century British Luddites rejected new technologies that impacted the
414:
is exemplary of technology's hold on humans who are empowered by it and visually demonstrates the amount of terror it instills upon those native to the concept. It enforces the notion that foreign creatures from
Pandora are not only frightened by technology, but it is something they loathe; its
405:
speaks of a virtual serial killer who manages to escape to the real world. He goes on a rampage before he is inevitably stopped. This is a true technophobic movie in that its main plot is about technology gone wrong. It introduces a killer who blatantly destroys people.
224:
also took off as a movement. The first international air pollution conference was held in 1955, and in the 1960s, investigations into the lead content of gasoline sparked outrage among environmentalists. In the 1980s, the depletion of the ozone layer and the threat of
96:. Many of these works portray a darker side to technology, as perceived by those who are technophobic. As technologies become increasingly complex and difficult to understand, people are more likely to harbor anxieties relating to their use of modern technologies.
62:. Although there are numerous interpretations of technophobia, they become more complex as technology continues to evolve. The term is generally used in the sense of an irrational fear, but others contend fears are justified. It is the opposite of
216:, people began to wonder what would become of the world now that humanity had the power to manipulate it to the point of destruction. Corporate production of war technologies such as napalm, explosives, and gases during the
110:
was conducted between 1992 and 1994 surveying first-year college students across various countries. The overall percentage of the 3,392 students who responded with high-level technophobic fears was 29%. In comparison,
687:
Over a two-year period, from 1992–1994, data were collected from 3,392 first year university students in 38 universities from 23 countries on their level of technological sophistication and level of technophobia.
658:
Gilbert, David, Liz Lee-Kelley, and Maya Barton. "Technophobia, gender influences and consumer decision-making for technology-related products." European
Journal of Innovation Management 6.4 (2003): pp. 253–263.
77:, suggests that there are three dominant subcategories of technophobes – the "uncomfortable users", the "cognitive computerphobes", and "anxious computerphobes". First receiving widespread notice during the
1595:
1605:
1600:
252:. Many technophobic groups revolt against modern technology because of their beliefs that these technologies are threatening their ways of life and livelihoods. The Luddites were a
898:"Reinterpreting 'Luddism': Resistance to New Technology in the British Industrial Revolution" Resistance to New Technology: Nuclear Power, Information Technology and Biotechnology
261:
part of the economy, and considered the skills they possessed to complete their labor as property that needed protection from the destruction caused by the autonomy of machines.
197:
believed that the technological changes that were taking place as a part of the industrial revolution were polluting their cherished view of nature as being perfect and pure.
1094:
122:
A published report in 2000 stated that roughly 85–90% of new employees at an organization may be uncomfortable with new technology, and are technophobic to some degree.
764:
1638:
74:
1585:
419:
in order to give viewers the illusion of physically taking part in an experience that would introduce them to a civilization struggling with technophobia.
185:
exemplified these feelings. Romantics tended to believe in imagination over reason, the "organic" over the mechanical, and a longing for a simpler, more
205:
647:—Related forms: tech·no·phobe, noun – (Dictionary.com unabridged (v1.1) based on the Random House unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2006.)
1563:
953:"Critical Essay – Old Games, Same Concerns: Examining First Generation Video Games Through Popular Press Coverage from 1972–1985 | Technoculture"
704:
Weil, Michelle M.; Rosen, Larry D. (1995). "A Study of
Technological Sophistication and Technophobia in University Students From 23 Countries".
669:
Weil, Michelle M.; Rosen, Larry D. (1995). "A Study of
Technological Sophistication and Technophobia in University Students From 23 Countries".
735:
1680:
1087:
305:
technology in creative ways to fit their cultural values and social goals. Amish technologies are diverse, complicated and ever-changing.
1655:
870:
345:
1660:
1364:
906:
415:
potential to cause destruction could exceed their very existence. In contrast, the film itself used advanced technology such as the
789:
986:
1359:
1176:
1080:
554:
538:
181:. The world was changing rapidly, too rapidly for many, who feared the changes taking place and longed for a simpler time. The
399:
becoming so common that it would become impossible to know when someone had stopped being a man and become simply a machine.
768:
1401:
1690:
1590:
1240:
1052:
1541:
1201:
1181:
106:
353:" deals with a man's hatred for modern things such as electric razors, televisions, electric typewriters and clocks.
1536:
1650:
450:
138:
made the demolition of machines a capital offense. This action, however, did not stop the tide of violence. The
1722:
1700:
1580:
1503:
493:
317:
1066:
1675:
1128:
375:", with a character displaying a great fear of robots due to their lack of body language, described by the
1665:
1528:
1456:
1421:
1138:
350:
309:
What the Amish do, is selective use of modern technologies in order to maintain their belief and culture.
92:
84:
Examples of technophobic ideas can be found in multiple forms of art, ranging from literary works such as
1743:
1628:
1508:
1396:
1386:
1369:
1325:
1223:
1143:
1103:
209:
178:
135:
131:
78:
70:
1008:
1645:
1548:
1451:
1391:
1300:
1295:
1191:
1133:
1118:
1558:
1488:
739:
429:
372:
591:-Related forms: tech'no·phobe' n., tech'no·pho'bic (-fō'bĭk) adj."— (American Heritage Dictionary)
19:
1633:
1376:
1354:
1349:
1267:
1262:
1218:
831:
409:
274:
190:
51:
1023:
Brosnan, M. (1998) Technophobia: The psychological impact of information technology. Routledge.
814:
Goodyear, Anne
Collins (2008). "From Technophilia to Technophobia: The Impact of the Vietnam".
1553:
1513:
1466:
1290:
1272:
1160:
902:
220:
further undermined public confidence in technology's worth and purpose. In the post-WWII era,
182:
1575:
1471:
1461:
1233:
1150:
874:
823:
713:
678:
599:
434:
396:
248:
Several societal groups are considered technophobic, the most recognisable of which are the
221:
59:
1493:
1320:
473:
282:
253:
162:
158:
722:
Table 2. Percentage of
Students in each country who possessed high levels of technophobia
1523:
1438:
1428:
1416:
1332:
1305:
1250:
1196:
518:
461:
380:
358:
226:
150:
31:
1047:
793:
571:
1737:
1623:
1570:
1498:
1344:
1155:
717:
682:
513:
376:
194:
174:
154:
146:
975:
835:
1705:
1406:
1186:
508:
503:
336:
331:
322:
201:
170:
130:
Technophobia began to gain attention as a movement in
England with the dawn of the
86:
63:
896:
257:
structure of their established trades, or the general nature of the work itself.
1481:
1411:
1245:
1123:
498:
483:
444:
439:
416:
286:
217:
166:
55:
827:
1695:
1685:
1443:
1228:
1213:
1206:
1107:
997:
478:
401:
384:
367:
47:
987:
Exploring The
Twilight Zone #40: A Thing About Machines - Film School Rejects
1381:
1315:
1282:
589:
Fear of or aversion to technology, especially computers and high technology.
145:
The 19th century was also the beginning of modern science, with the work of
371:
have tackled the issue of technophobia – most specifically in the episode "
362:, in which a computer becomes self-aware, and decides to kill all humans.
1072:
1061:
849:
1710:
1337:
1255:
456:
392:
281:, which rejects the use of certain forms of technology for personal use.
249:
213:
186:
139:
326:
is often considered to be an early example of technophobic ideas in art.
1670:
1476:
1310:
934:
467:
278:
938:– an article about the selective use of technologies among the Amish.
645:
abnormal fear of or anxiety about the effects of advanced technology.
356:
Technophobia achieved commercial success in the 1980s with the movie
116:
23:
Computers, among many other technologies, are feared by technophobes.
952:
1033:
330:
An early example of technophobia in fiction and popular culture is
237:
488:
316:
270:
236:
112:
921:
Donald B. Kraybill, Karen M. Johnson-Weiner and Steven M. Nolt:
1076:
387:
also used this fear as a basis for the inspiration of classic
1028:
Technophobia: Science Fiction Visions of Posthuman Technology
998:
Technophobia: Science Fiction Visions of Posthuman Technology
765:"Luddite History – Kevin Binfield – Murray State University"
269:
Groups considered by some people to be technophobic are the
635:
632:
626:
617:
608:
204:, a fear of technology continued to grow, catalyzed by the
46:, is the fear or dislike of, or discomfort with, advanced
277:. The Amish follow a set of moral codes outlined in the
395:, with the creatures being inspired by his own fear of
265:
Use of modern technologies among Old Order Anabaptists
623:
614:
611:
602:
629:
605:
1616:
1522:
1437:
1281:
1169:
620:
699:
697:
695:
295:
901:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 57–80.
1088:
8:
75:California State University, Dominguez Hills
1586:Political polarization in the United States
16:Fear or discomfort with advanced technology
1095:
1081:
1073:
1639:Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal
587:(1) tech·no·pho·bi·a (těk'nə-fō'bē-ə) n.
767:. Campus.murraystate.edu. Archived from
18:
531:
976:Twilight Zone - A Thing About Machines
557:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
541:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
73:, computer educator, and professor at
1681:Psychological effects of Internet use
947:
945:
758:
756:
7:
643:- Show Spelled Pronunciation –noun
115:had 58% high-level technophobes and
1656:Digital media use and mental health
738:. Learning Circuits. Archived from
736:"Index – Learning Circuits – ASTD"
379:as giving them the appearance of "
229:began to be taken more seriously.
206:bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
14:
1661:Effects of violence in mass media
1365:Smartphones and pedestrian safety
104:A study published in the journal
1634:2021 Facebook company files leak
1360:Mobile phones and driving safety
1060:
1046:
850:"Environmental History Timeline"
598:
38:, "art, skill, craft" and φόβος
1606:2020 U.S. presidential election
1601:2016 U.S. presidential election
50:or complex devices, especially
1034:Environmental History Timeline
1009:Man of Extremes|The New Yorker
572:"Definition of "Technophobia""
285:, Karen M. Johnson-Weiner and
1:
1177:Betteridge's law of headlines
1051:The dictionary definition of
297:More significantly the Amish
1691:Social aspects of television
1591:Social media use in politics
1241:Missing white woman syndrome
873:. Regent.edu. Archived from
718:10.1016/0747-5632(94)00026-E
683:10.1016/0747-5632(94)00026-E
1202:Least objectionable program
706:Computers in Human Behavior
671:Computers in Human Behavior
107:Computers in Human Behavior
1760:
1537:Algorithmic radicalization
828:10.1162/leon.2008.41.2.169
574:. Dictionary.reference.com
242:The Leader of the Luddites
1651:Cultural impact of TikTok
1114:
925:, Baltimore 2013, p. 313.
792:. Wsu.edu. Archived from
451:Darwin among the Machines
42:, "fear"), also known as
1723:Violence and video games
1701:Social impact of YouTube
1581:Knowledge gap hypothesis
1504:Social-desirability bias
1402:Information–action ratio
895:Randall, Adrien (1997).
494:Radical environmentalism
479:Minimalism in philosophy
169:, and inventors such as
1676:Mass shooting contagion
1129:Evolutionary psychology
852:. Runet.edu. 1969-06-22
559:A Greek-English Lexicon
543:A Greek-English Lexicon
1666:Fascination with death
1529:Political polarization
1457:Availability heuristic
1422:Television consumption
596:(2) "tech·no·pho·bi·a
351:A Thing About Machines
327:
323:Frankenstein's Monster
307:
245:
24:
1629:Criticism of Facebook
1509:Social influence bias
1397:Information pollution
1387:Information explosion
1370:Texting while driving
1326:Low information voter
1224:Pink-slime journalism
383:". Series consultant
320:
275:Old Order Anabaptists
240:
210:nuclear proliferation
179:Alexander Graham Bell
132:Industrial Revolution
79:Industrial Revolution
71:research psychologist
22:
1646:Criticism of Netflix
1452:Availability cascade
1392:Information overload
1301:Attention management
1296:Attention inequality
1192:Human-interest story
1134:Behavioral modernity
1119:Cognitive psychology
1069:at Wikimedia Commons
313:Technophobia in arts
289:state in their book
1559:Post-truth politics
1489:Mean world syndrome
430:Anarcho-primitivism
373:The Robots of Death
244:, engraving of 1812
1377:Influence-for-hire
1355:Media multitasking
1350:Human multitasking
1268:Tabloid television
1219:Media manipulation
936:Look Who's Talking
594:
585:
343:A 1960 episode of
328:
283:Donald B. Kraybill
246:
191:William Wordsworth
52:personal computers
25:
1731:
1730:
1554:Fake news website
1514:Spiral of silence
1467:Confirmation bias
1291:Attention economy
1273:Yellow journalism
1161:Social psychology
1065:Media related to
346:The Twilight Zone
189:time. Poets like
183:Romantic movement
1751:
1576:Knowledge divide
1472:Crowd psychology
1462:Bandwagon effect
1234:Public relations
1151:Media psychology
1097:
1090:
1083:
1074:
1064:
1050:
1036:." 20 July 2008.
1011:
1006:
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995:
989:
984:
978:
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967:
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963:
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932:
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919:
913:
912:
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846:
840:
839:
811:
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801:
786:
780:
779:
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763:Kevin Binfield.
760:
751:
750:
748:
747:
732:
726:
724:
701:
690:
689:
666:
660:
656:
650:
649:
642:
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638:
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631:
628:
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619:
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613:
610:
607:
604:
595:
586:
580:
579:
568:
562:
552:
546:
536:
435:Anti-consumerism
397:artificial limbs
381:dead men walking
222:environmentalism
60:tablet computers
1759:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1612:
1527:
1518:
1494:Negativity bias
1442:
1433:
1321:Cognitive miser
1277:
1170:Media practices
1165:
1110:
1101:
1043:
1020:
1018:Further reading
1015:
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992:
985:
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584:
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549:
537:
533:
528:
523:
474:List of phobias
425:
315:
267:
254:social movement
235:
163:Henri Becquerel
159:Michael Faraday
128:
102:
69:Larry Rosen, a
17:
12:
11:
5:
1757:
1755:
1747:
1746:
1736:
1735:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1626:
1620:
1618:
1617:Related topics
1614:
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1611:
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1533:
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1524:Digital divide
1520:
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1496:
1491:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1479:
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1439:Cognitive bias
1435:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1429:Sticky content
1426:
1425:
1424:
1419:
1417:Binge-watching
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
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1384:
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1367:
1362:
1357:
1347:
1342:
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1333:Digital zombie
1330:
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1308:
1306:Attention span
1303:
1298:
1293:
1287:
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1251:Sensationalism
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1243:
1238:
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1216:
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1209:
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1197:Junk food news
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968:
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871:"The Luddites"
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822:(2): 169–173.
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519:Uncanny valley
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462:Digital phobic
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365:Shows such as
359:The Terminator
314:
311:
287:Steven M. Nolt
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227:global warming
151:Charles Darwin
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1571:Filter bubble
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1246:News values
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1124:Externality
499:Reactionary
484:Neo-Luddism
445:Chemophobia
440:Antiscience
417:stereoscope
218:Vietnam War
167:Marie Curie
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1696:Social bot
1686:Sealioning
1444:Conformity
1229:Propaganda
1214:Media bias
1207:Soft media
962:2019-11-08
881:2010-06-02
856:2010-06-02
800:2010-06-02
775:2010-06-02
746:2010-06-02
578:2008-07-29
526:References
402:Virtuosity
389:Doctor Who
385:Kit Pedler
368:Doctor Who
273:and other
136:Parliament
100:Prevalence
93:Metropolis
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