1021:, The Wire, 27 May 2023. "On May 3, while a peaceful protest was underway at the Kuki-majority Churachandpur town, news had reached the hill areas that the Anglo-Kuki Centenary Gate at Leisang-Monglenphai was set on fire by unidentified Meitei miscreants. According to eyewitness accounts, many Meitei volunteers who were held up at Kakwa areas started moving towards Torbung and Kangvai areas and began torching Kuki houses. The first victim of that mob attack was Haopu Kipgen from Torbung Village; he was bludgeoned to death. The first casualty with torching of houses, therefore, was a Kuki."
38:
71:
460:. The Manipuri troops camped there for two months, and arrested the Kamhau chief of Mualpi during their return journey. Even though the British officials decried the expedition as "treachery", the Maharaja succeeded in marking his desired territory. The Chivu expedition did not have any immediate consequences. The southern tribes continued to be either independent or paid tributes to the Kamhaus. From their base at
78:
45:
511:, Torbung has often been in the news. Protests were held by the valley communities against the renaming of Thangjing Hill and another group opposed the protest. Women protesters from the tribal communities protested against three controversial bills passed by the Manipur assembly in 2015, who were in turn opposed by other women's groups.
471:", which were awarded to Burma. They ran it close to the previously marked "Pemberton's line" and continued it to Chivu springs. According to scholar Pum Khan Pau, 47 tribal villages that paid tribute to the Kamhau chief were thus transferred to Manipur, including the entire southern part of the present-day
486:
in 1942–1943. Seven decisive battles were fought along this road between the 17 Indian
Division of the British and the 33 Division of Japan. The Japanese reached Churachandpur on 8 April 1944, and four of these battles were fought within Manipur, including one at Torbung. The Japanese were eventually
940:
Reports about a clash between people who had imposed a counter-blockade at
Torbung and those returning from the rally started doing the rounds at Torbung. The stand-off that initially started with pelting stones soon escalated with vehicles and properties being targeted. Violence and arson rapidly
1005:
Things began to turn ugly around 2.15 pm that day after a tyre was seen burning along the plaque of the Kuki War memorial gate near
Torbung, kilometers ahead of Churachandpur. Around the same time, police found two bodies in Kangvai village, a kilometre away from Torbung. Following this, massive
962:
Several houses, shops and vehicles have been torched at
Torbung, Bangla, Kangvai and Phougakchao Ikhai situated along the adjoining areas of Churachandpur and Bishnupur districts. It is reported that the properties were torched for launching a counter agitation against the Solidarity March of
333:
in the same localities regarded themselves as belonging to the valley districts (here
Bishnupur). As per the 2011 census, the Churachandpur's Torbung village has a population of 439 people, S. Kotlian 411 people and Torbung Loklaiphai 197 people. (Their areas are not mentioned.)
495:
After
Manipur's merger with India in 1949, the whole state was administered as a single district. The Bishnupur ("Bishenpur") subdivision was established some time between 1951 and 1961, and Torbung was included in it. By 1991, Bishnupur has been made a district.
464:, the Kamhaus appear to have controlled the hills up to the Khuga River valley. The British administration reports narrate an incident in 1876, describing a clash between Manipur's khongjai troops and the Kamhaus, with victory going to the Manipur troops.
316:
Churachandpur district's
Torbung village appears to be in the foothills to the west of the main village just as the Torbung river enters the plain. In addition to the foothill village, the southern bank of the Torbung river has two census villages called
526:
subdivision, which led to clashes between the two sides and properties were burned on both the sides of the district border. The resulting tensions led to months-long violence resulting in close to 200 deaths and over 50,000 people displaced.
977:, The Wire, 6 June 2023. ' also questioned about his tweet of May 2 (24 hours before the troubles began) where the Meitei Leepun official Twitter handle called for a counter-blockade adding, "it's our duty to enforce our position physically".
286:, and flows down across the mouth of the valley to join the Khuga River. The Torbung river splits into several streams as it enters the valley plain, covering a wide area. The wider area may have also been called Torbung in historical times.
437:(1886) describes the "Turbung stream", which it describes as a fair-sized stream that enters the Manipur valley at its southwest corner. It is said to flow through a wide flat-bottomed valley, which is described as suitable for camping. The
402:. The Manipuri troops fled "in confusion" after facing the combined troops of Kamhau, Sukte and Sihzang tribes, and returned to the Imphal Valley via a previously "unknown route", which eventually formed the route of the present day
916:
a Tribal
Solidarity March undertaken by All Tribal Students Union Manipur (ATSUM) in opposition to the demand for inclusion of the Meitei community in the list of Scheduled Tribes. The call for this march led to a
297:. The division is practically significant since the valley and hill districts in Manipur have different land revenue regulations. The main Torbung village is in the Bishnupur district within the Imphal Valley. The
362:
was the southern end of the valley. The tribes inhabiting the southern hills were not under the control of
Manipur. That would have made the Torbung region the frontier area of the Manipur state.
413:
Torbung. The Saiton Hills (the east–west-running range of hills on the southern boundary of the Imphal Valley) were invaded in 1789, but not fully subdued. In 1858 when the
Maharaja came to
379:, which is mentioned for the first time in this instance. In 1766, a village was apparently established at "Torpung" by the people of "Kyamkei" under the direction of the Moirang chief (
953:
931:
1259:
254:, India. The Bishnupur part of the village has a population of 2781, and the Churachandpur part a population of 1047 in the 2011 census. Torbung is on the bank of the
897:
445:
village), "Mangyol" (a Kuki village of the Simmte clan), "Saikot" (a Kuki village of the Mangoung clan), "Saitul" (a Kuki village of Vungsun clan), and "Tunnam" (a
536:
1919:
682:
988:
1040:, Selections from the Records of the Government of India (Foreign Department), Calcutta: The Foreign Department Press, 1876 – via archive.org
1914:
1058:
441:
makes no mention of a village by the name Turbung, but mentions several villages along the stream or the valley of Turbung, including "Lairit" (a
1045:
1246:
1131:
1112:
746:
386:
Scholar Pum Khan Pau believes that the Khuga River valley might have been traversed by Manipuris for the first time in 1857, when Maharaja
313:
towns, passes through it. As per the 2011 census, it occupies 1,257 hectares (12.57 km) area and has a population of 2781 people.
1424:
1878:
1237:
1206:
1172:
1093:
880:
Clash between Teddim Road bandh supporters and opponents leaves at least 10 injured in Torbung, Imphal Free Press, 21 January 2016.
656:) in Churachandpur District of Manipur chiefly in search of better livelihood and opportunity for the education of their children."
37:
1863:
909:
106:
974:
148:
1454:
1444:
1429:
1419:
1317:
1299:
1290:
1281:
1273:
409:
In 1858, Torbung is mentioned as a region. The Maharaja of Manipur is said to have settled "Saitons" in a (new) village
1893:
1868:
1802:
70:
912:, The Supreme Court of India, August 2023. "... large-scale violence broke out in the State of Manipur on 03.05.2023
375:, was murdered at the location, which was described as being near "Khuka". The latter is a possible reference to the
1888:
1326:
1308:
652:, p. xii: "From a remote hill village in the Indo-Burma border, my grandparents moved to the plain of Lamka (Lamka
329:) living in border localities regard themselves as belonging to the hill districts (here Churachandpur), while the
302:
160:
910:
Special Leave Petition (Civil) Diary No 19206 of 2023: Dinganglung Gangmei vs. Mutum Churamani Meetei & Others
522:
status, the valley communities organised a "counter-blockade" at Torbung and another "counter agitation" from the
359:
1018:
941:
engulfed the neighbouring Kangvai area as people were seen leaving their homes and running into an open field.
862:
1312:
633:
631:
1751:
1472:
508:
472:
294:
247:
193:
169:
975:
Watch | Meitei Pride Group's Threat: 'Kukis Mainly Illegal, Modi Must Intervene or There'll Be Civil War'
1547:
1414:
1406:
1364:
1230:
996:
881:
515:
475:. Thus, Torbung became an interior location to the state of Manipur instead of being a border locality.
1497:
1873:
1482:
1477:
1336:
226:
1527:
1522:
1294:
1736:
1573:
1502:
1462:
1434:
1369:
1035:
442:
367:
290:
243:
187:
165:
403:
298:
1706:
1608:
1517:
1512:
1492:
1330:
1321:
1285:
1202:
1168:
1127:
1108:
1089:
846:
457:
1711:
1613:
1532:
1487:
1467:
1374:
1354:
1346:
1223:
1194:
1150:
1141:
Pau, Pum Khan (2012), "Tedim Road—The Strategic Road on a Frontier: A Historical Analysis",
1006:
crowds began building up on the Torbung-Kangwai stretch of the Imphal-Churachandpur highway.
734:
710:
637:
1037:
Annual Administration Report of the Munnipoor Agency, For the year ending 30th June 1874–75
518:. On 3 May 2023, as the tribal communities protested the Meitei community's demand for the
1623:
1537:
1395:
519:
283:
259:
209:
1184:"When boundaries matter: land, laws and territorial conflict in Manipur, Northeast India"
989:"An arrest, crackdown and deep distrust: Manipur fire had been simmering for over a year"
1771:
1565:
1507:
1439:
1359:
461:
446:
391:
355:
1072:
1908:
1883:
1674:
1638:
1588:
1379:
500:
330:
310:
279:
1797:
1684:
479:
425:
apparently came down from Saiton hills to accept settlement in the Torbung region.
387:
921:
by Meiteis. Thereafter large-scale violence broke out in the State of Manipur...".
683:"Manipur Govt Brings in Army, Assam Rifles to Curb Violence, CM Urges Peace on TV"
456:
on the present day southern border of Manipur), ostensibly to support the British
1188:
1162:
1154:
1083:
1000:
885:
608:, p. 176 (listed under "Torbung", "S. Kotlian" and "Torbung Loklaiphai" villages)
1766:
504:
452:
In 1872, the Maharaja sent an expedition to the Chivu salt springs (near modern
422:
376:
326:
275:
263:
282:. It is on the bank of the Torbung river, which rises in the eastern slopes of
1716:
1669:
468:
399:
395:
1124:
The Court Chronicle of the Kings of Manipur: The Cheitharon Kumpapa, Volume 3
1105:
The Court Chronicle of the Kings of Manipur: The Cheitharon Kumpapa, Volume 2
1085:
The Court Chronicle of the Kings of Manipur: The Cheitharon Kumpapa, Volume 1
337:
Immediately to the north of Torbung, about 1 km away, is the village of
121:
108:
1679:
1198:
747:
Kuki Research Forum on objective historical position of the Kukis in Manipur
222:
217:
1164:
Indo-Burma Frontier and the Making of the Chin Hills: Empire and Resistance
781:
779:
266:. It is a village of historical as well as current political significance.
954:"Tribal Solidarity March takes ugly turn; houses, offices, vehicles burnt"
932:"Tribal Solidarity March takes ugly turn; houses, offices, vehicles burnt"
664:
662:
618:
616:
614:
371:
in the year 1712. An official called Chantrasekhor, who was on his way to
1832:
1817:
1731:
1618:
1827:
1822:
1812:
1756:
1746:
1726:
1648:
1603:
1583:
1250:
523:
453:
414:
372:
338:
251:
153:
605:
482:, the British constructed the motorable Tedim Road between Imphal and
365:
A location called "Torbung" is mentioned in Manipur's court chronicle
1847:
1842:
1807:
1776:
1761:
1741:
1664:
1643:
1633:
1598:
1578:
1555:
1303:
1264:
848:
Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 1966
306:
1183:
467:
In 1894, The British delineated the border between Manipur and the "
1215:
735:
Parratt, The Court Chronicle of the Kings of Manipur, Vol. 3 (2013)
711:
Parratt, The Court Chronicle of the Kings of Manipur, Vol. 1 (2005)
638:
Parratt, The Court Chronicle of the Kings of Manipur, Vol. 2 (2009)
1837:
1781:
1721:
1628:
1593:
588:
483:
289:
The Torbung census village is split across the valley district of
141:
487:
defeated at Imphal and withdrew from Manipur with heavy losses.
1219:
1019:
Dispelling Some Misleading Claims About the Violence in Manipur
898:
147 days after Manipur violence, nine bodies yet to be buried
499:
As a key interaction point between the valley communities of
278:
valley (which is also known as "Lamka plain"), bordering the
809:
668:
325:. Scholar Rohlua Puia points out that the hill tribes (here
1653:
785:
770:
758:
622:
870:, Census of India, Government of India, 2005, p. 20
821:
797:
698:
649:
1126:. Foundation Books / Cambridge University Press India.
1107:. Foundation Books / Cambridge University Press India.
601:
599:
597:
354:
Until late 19th century, the southern frontier of the
398:
of Myanmar), which was then the central base of the
1856:
1790:
1699:
1657:
1564:
1546:
1453:
1405:
1388:
1345:
1272:
1187:, in Kedilezo Kikhi; Dharma Rakshit Gautam (eds.),
216:
205:
200:
180:
175:
159:
147:
137:
23:
1182:
851:, India Election Commission, 1967, p. 386, item 15
584:
582:
580:
1066:, Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur, 2011
1053:, Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur, 2011
833:
722:
514:The Torbung area was also the epicentre of the
1231:
606:Churachandpur District Census Handbook (2011)
8:
1077:, Manas Publications – via archive.org
537:List of populated places in Chandel district
274:The Torbung village is at the mouth of the
1654:
1238:
1224:
1216:
20:
589:Bishnupur District Census Handbook (2011)
576:
548:
215:
199:
174:
136:
101:
29:
1193:, Taylor & Francis, pp. 98–,
1122:Parratt, Saroj Nalini Arambam (2013).
1103:Parratt, Saroj Nalini Arambam (2009).
1082:Parratt, Saroj Nalini Arambam (2005).
1060:Churachandpur District Census Handbook
242:is a census village split across the
204:
179:
158:
146:
7:
900:, Hindustan Times, 22 January 2016.
810:Annual Administration Report (1876)
669:Puia, When boundaries matter (2021)
1920:Villages in Churachandpur district
1047:Bishnupur District Census Handbook
14:
1879:North Imphal Sporting Association
987:Deeptiman Tiwary (26 July 2023).
1864:All Manipur Football Association
786:Dun, Gazetteer of Manipur (1886)
771:Dun, Gazetteer of Manipur (1886)
759:Dun, Gazetteer of Manipur (1886)
623:Dun, Gazetteer of Manipur (1886)
341:, on a stream of the same name.
76:
69:
43:
36:
1313:Mrs. Hume's pheasant (Nongyeen)
822:Pau, Indo-Burma Frontier (2019)
798:Pau, Indo-Burma Frontier (2019)
699:Pau, Indo-Burma Frontier (2019)
650:Pau, Indo-Burma Frontier (2019)
77:
44:
1915:Villages in Bishnupur district
1398:(officially known as Manipuri)
1:
1155:10.1080/09700161.2012.712387
864:Manipur Administrative Atlas
1894:Luwangpokpa Cricket Stadium
1869:Manipur Cricket Association
421:) tribes, a Haokip clan of
1936:
1889:Khuman Lampak Main Stadium
57:Location in Manipur, India
1257:
681:Jon Suante (4 May 2023),
293:and the hill district of
233:
102:
30:
1211:– via academia.edu
1167:, Taylor & Francis,
896:Furquan Ameen Siddiqui,
258:, which flows down from
1199:10.4324/9781003182726-8
555:Alternative spellings:
18:Place in Manipur, India
1752:Thongkhong Laxmi Bazar
1161:Pau, Pum Khan (2019),
834:Pau, Tedim Road (2012)
800:, pp. 67–69, 160.
723:Pau, Tedim Road (2012)
509:Churachandpur district
473:Churachandpur district
417:to repel the Kamhaus (
248:Churachandpur district
1548:Municipal corporation
1181:Puia, Roluah (2021),
1088:. London: Routledge.
516:2023 Manipur violence
433:The British-compiled
390:led an expedition to
206: • Official
1874:Manipur State League
1420:Legislative Assembly
1190:Comprehending Equity
1074:Gazetteer of Manipur
1071:Dun, E. W. (1992) ,
435:Gazetteer of Manipur
394:(in the present day
1295:Sana Leibak Manipur
725:, pp. 778–779.
400:Kamhau-Sukte tribes
122:24.4281°N 93.7157°E
118: /
60:Show map of Manipur
1143:Strategic Analysis
993:The Indian Express
958:The Sangai Express
936:The Sangai Express
491:Independent period
368:Cheitharol Kumbaba
323:Torbung Loklaiphai
305:), connecting the
303:National Highway 2
244:Bishnupur district
181: • Total
1902:
1901:
1693:
1692:
1286:Emblem of Manipur
1133:978-93-8226-498-9
1114:978-81-7596-854-7
458:Lushai Expedition
237:
236:
93:Show map of India
1927:
1655:
1609:Wangjing Lamding
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1233:
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1212:
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1177:
1157:
1137:
1118:
1099:
1078:
1067:
1065:
1054:
1052:
1041:
1022:
1015:
1009:
1008:
984:
978:
972:
966:
965:
950:
944:
943:
928:
922:
919:counter response
907:
901:
894:
888:
878:
872:
871:
869:
859:
853:
852:
843:
837:
831:
825:
819:
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635:
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620:
609:
603:
592:
586:
564:
553:
133:
132:
130:
129:
128:
127:24.4281; 93.7157
123:
119:
116:
115:
114:
111:
94:
80:
79:
73:
61:
47:
46:
40:
21:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1852:
1791:Minor townships
1786:
1722:Longmai (Noney)
1695:
1694:
1689:
1624:Kakching Khunou
1560:
1542:
1449:
1445:Political Party
1425:Chief Ministers
1401:
1384:
1341:
1268:
1253:
1244:
1209:
1180:
1175:
1160:
1140:
1134:
1121:
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1102:
1096:
1081:
1070:
1063:
1057:
1050:
1044:
1034:
1031:
1026:
1025:
1017:Lien Chongloi,
1016:
1012:
986:
985:
981:
973:
969:
952:
951:
947:
930:
929:
925:
908:
904:
895:
891:
879:
875:
867:
861:
860:
856:
845:
844:
840:
832:
828:
820:
816:
808:
804:
796:
792:
784:
777:
769:
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745:
741:
733:
729:
721:
717:
709:
705:
697:
693:
680:
679:
675:
667:
660:
648:
644:
636:
629:
621:
612:
604:
595:
587:
578:
573:
568:
567:
554:
550:
545:
533:
520:scheduled tribe
493:
431:
352:
347:
284:Thangjing hills
272:
260:Thangjing hills
191:
185:
126:
124:
120:
117:
112:
109:
107:
105:
104:
98:
97:
96:
95:
92:
91:
90:Torbung (India)
88:
87:
86:
85:
81:
64:
63:
62:
59:
58:
55:
54:
53:
52:
48:
26:
19:
12:
11:
5:
1933:
1931:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1907:
1906:
1900:
1899:
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1891:
1886:
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1871:
1866:
1860:
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1853:
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1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1772:Lilong Chajing
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1703:
1701:
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1677:
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1661:
1659:
1652:
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1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
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1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1570:
1568:
1566:Municipalities
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1552:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
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1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
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1480:
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1470:
1465:
1459:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1411:
1409:
1407:Administration
1403:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1351:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1339:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1278:
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1269:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1235:
1228:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1207:
1178:
1173:
1158:
1149:(5): 776–786,
1138:
1132:
1119:
1113:
1100:
1094:
1079:
1068:
1055:
1042:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1010:
979:
967:
960:. 4 May 2023.
945:
938:. 4 May 2023.
923:
902:
889:
873:
854:
838:
826:
824:, p. 161.
814:
802:
790:
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103:Coordinates:
72:
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1798:Chakpikarong
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262:to join the
255:
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15:
1767:Hiyangthang
1483:Imphal West
1478:Imphal East
1322:Shirui Lily
505:Kuki tribes
478:During the
429:British Raj
381:Chantramani
377:Khuga River
276:Khuga River
264:Khuga River
201:Language(s)
125: /
1909:Categories
1717:Tengnoupal
1670:Tamenglong
1528:Tengnoupal
1523:Tamenglong
1435:High Court
1415:Government
1365:Government
1001:2841943429
886:1758335208
571:References
469:Chin Hills
449:village),
404:Tedim Road
396:Chin State
319:S. Kotlian
299:Tedim Road
212:(Manipuri)
192:(1,047 in
186:(2,781 in
176:Population
113:93°42′57″E
110:24°25′41″N
1680:Kangpokpi
1574:Bishnupur
1503:Kangpokpi
1463:Bishnupur
1455:Districts
1430:Governors
1389:Languages
1331:Uningthou
439:Gazetteer
419:Aakam-Hao
291:Bishnupur
270:Geography
218:Time zone
188:Bishnupur
166:Bishnupur
1833:Phungyar
1818:Singngat
1732:Pherzawl
1707:Senapati
1658:Proposed
1619:Kakching
1518:Senapati
1513:Pherzawl
1493:Kakching
997:ProQuest
882:ProQuest
687:The Wire
531:See also
503:and the
223:UTC+5:30
161:District
1828:Jessami
1823:Chingai
1813:Tuibong
1757:Lamsang
1747:Samurou
1727:Kamjong
1712:Chandel
1649:Jiribam
1604:Thoubal
1584:Moirang
1533:Thoubal
1498:Kamjong
1488:Jiribam
1468:Chandel
1370:History
1355:Cuisine
1260:Capital
1251:Manipur
561:Turpung
557:Turbung
524:Moirang
507:of the
454:Behiang
447:Koireng
415:Moirang
373:Tripura
360:Manipur
345:History
339:Kangvai
252:Manipur
240:Torbung
154:Manipur
138:Country
84:Torbung
51:Torbung
25:Torbung
1848:Saikul
1843:Tadubi
1808:Nungba
1777:Heirok
1762:Sekmai
1742:Patsoi
1665:Ukhrul
1644:Lamlai
1634:Wangoi
1614:Lilong
1599:Kwakta
1579:Nambol
1556:Imphal
1538:Ukhrul
1440:Police
1396:Meitei
1380:People
1347:Topics
1337:Pengba
1335:Fish:
1318:Flower
1304:Sangai
1300:Animal
1291:Anthem
1282:Emblem
1265:Imphal
1205:
1171:
1130:
1111:
1092:
999:
963:ATSUM.
884:
559:, and
307:Imphal
210:Meitei
1857:Sport
1838:Purul
1803:Tamei
1782:Oinam
1737:Andro
1685:Moreh
1629:Sugnu
1594:Kumbi
1508:Noney
1375:Music
1360:Dance
1247:State
1064:(PDF)
1051:(PDF)
914:after
868:(PDF)
654:zaang
543:Notes
484:Tedim
462:Mombi
423:Kukis
392:Tedim
327:Kukis
184:3,828
149:State
142:India
1327:Tree
1309:Bird
1203:ISBN
1169:ISBN
1128:ISBN
1109:ISBN
1090:ISBN
321:and
309:and
246:and
1249:of
1195:doi
1151:doi
443:Kom
383:).
358:of
250:in
227:IST
1911::
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411:in
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1197::
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836:.
671:.
563:.
301:(
229:)
225:(
196:)
190:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
