127:, and a tap followed by a continuous pointing motion (a "click-and-a-half") can indicate dragging. Tactile touchpads allow for clicking and dragging by incorporating button functionality into the surface of the touchpad itself. To select, one presses down on the touchpad instead of a physical button. To drag, instead of performing the "click-and-a-half" technique, the user presses down while on the object, drags without releasing pressure, and lets go when done. Touchpad drivers can also allow the use of multiple fingers to emulate the other mouse buttons (commonly two-finger tapping for right click).
20:
278:
32:
293:
257:. Combinations of the devices were common, though touchpads and trackballs were rarely included together. Since the early 2000s, touchpads have become the dominant laptop pointing device as most consumer laptops produced during this period and beyond includes only touchpads, displacing the pointing stick.
439:
between a transmitter and receiver that are on opposite sides of the sensor. The transmitter creates an electric field which oscillates at 200–300 kHz. If a ground point, such as the finger, is placed between the transmitter and receiver, some of the field lines are shunted away, decreasing the
268:
to feature the single one-directional touchpad next to the side button called "Camera
Control" which allows the users to take an easier way to take a photos and videos, the force sensor to distinguish between the firm press and the light press and the capacitance touch sensor to distinguish sliding
308:
computers and do not require a flat surface near the machine. The touchpad is close to the keyboard, and relatively short finger movements are required to move the cursor across the display screen; while advantageous, this also makes it possible for a user's palm or wrist to move the mouse cursor
111:
Like touchscreens, touchpads sense absolute position but their resolution is limited by their size. For common use as a pointer device, the dragging motion of a finger is translated into a finer, relative motion of the cursor on the output to the display on the operating system, analogous to the
107:
where a finger touches the pad. Capacitance-based touchpads will not sense the tip of a pencil or other similar ungrounded or non-conducting implements. Fingers insulated by a glove may also be problematic, and capacitive touchpads are rarely used as pointing devices for medical hardware.
246:. As touchpads began to be introduced in laptops in the 1990s, there was often confusion as to what the product should be called. No consistent term was used, and references varied, such as: glidepoint, touch sensitive input device, touchpad, trackpad, and pointing device.
130:
Touchpads are called clickpads if they rely on software buttons rather than physical buttons. Physically the whole clickpad formed a button, logically the driver interprets a click as a left or right button click depending on the placement of fingers.
726:
You put your finger on a small rectangular panel, and the cursor appears on screen. Move your finger around the panel, say from the bottom left of the panel to the centre, and the cursor moves from the bottom left to the centre of the screen in
667:
The
Gavilan portable computer uses a touch-sensitive panel between its text-entry keyboard and its liquid-crystal display. Moving your finger around on this shifts the cursor on the screen to select commands from a
134:
Some touchpads have "hotspots", locations on the touchpad used for functionality beyond a mouse. For example, on certain touchpads, moving the finger along an edge of the touch pad will act as a
317:
by tapping two fingers, dragging two fingers for scrolling, or gestures for zoom in/out or rotate. The touchpads with physical buttons now are only hi-end business/professional laptops option.
55:. Its largest component is a tactile sensor: an electronic device with a flat surface, that detects the motion and position of a user's fingers, and translates them to 2D motion, to control a
739:
410:
to form a grid. A high frequency signal is applied sequentially between pairs in this two-dimensional grid array. The current that passes between the nodes is proportional to the
1119:
1671:
1645:
116:
that is lifted and put back on a surface. Hardware buttons equivalent to a standard mouse's left and right buttons are sometimes positioned adjacent to the touchpad.
174:
desktop computers were equipped with a touchpad on the right side of the keyboard. Introduced a year later, in 1983, the first battery-powered clamshell laptop, the
231:
incorporated a "Tactile
Touchpad" design with a button integrated into the tracking surface (the lower part of the touchpad surface acts as a clickable button).
79:
are more prevalent. Trackpads are sometimes used on desktops, where desk space is scarce. Because trackpads can be made small, they can be found on
328:
digitizer tablets, where they are referred to as "click wheels", since they only sense motion along one axis, which is wrapped around like a wheel.
154:. Also, some touchpad drivers support tap zones, regions where a tap will execute a function, for example, pausing a media player or launching an
1112:
560:
743:
398:
There are two principal means by which touchpads work: the matrix approach and the capacitive shunt method. In the matrix approach, a series of
313:
touchpads that can sense in some cases up to five fingers simultaneously, providing more options for input, such as the ability to bring up the
802:"[Products | Our Technology | High-Sensitivity Capacitive Technology] Alps Alpine – Electronic Components and Automotive Infotainment"
536:
379:
primary can be used as part of ultraportable electronics; some handheld laptops and early smartphones can be equipped with optical trackpads.
1650:
577:
1105:
502:
362:
Touchpads also exist for desktop computers as an external peripheral, albeit rarely seen. But touchpad layer can be integrated with
877:
192:, as the cursor was positioned by clicking on a specific point on the pad, instead of moving it in the direction of a stroke.
373:
use), and some keyboards can have only touch input surface instead of hardware buttons (a typical solution for clean rooms).
188:, introduced in 1989, came with a new mouse-replacing input device similar to a touchpad, although more closely resembling a
1038:
988:
1640:
418:, such as a finger, is placed over one of the intersections between the conductive layer some of the electrical field is
1508:
1479:
964:
709:
1305:
1247:
770:
1484:
1092:
1013:
80:
1676:
1298:
1062:
622:
1615:
1528:
1501:
1472:
1235:
422:
to this ground point, resulting in a change in the apparent capacitance at that location. This method received
60:
694:
36:
878:"Apple MacBook Pro Summer 2009 (Core 2 Duo 2.26 GHz, 2GB RAM, 160GB HDD, Nvidia GeForce 9400M, 13-inch)"
824:
Thryft, Ann R. "More Than a Mouse," Computer
Product Development, EBN Extra, November 14, 1994, pp. E16 – E20
215:
series in 1994, using Cirque's GlidePoint technology, which Apple refers to as a "trackpad"; it replaced the
1558:
1553:
1441:
1414:
56:
369:
External computer keyboards can be equipped with integrated touchpads (particularly keyboards oriented for
403:
1448:
285:
100:
84:
650:
680:
1436:
399:
178:
included a touchpad, which was mounted above its keyboard, rather than below, which became the norm.
155:
1310:
801:
487:
470:
419:
204:
151:
143:
96:
834:
19:
1458:
1322:
1220:
1132:
783:
297:
181:
147:
113:
1293:
1184:
581:
443:
376:
281:
243:
72:
1453:
1431:
1394:
1342:
1162:
1157:
1149:
778:
492:
363:
189:
185:
171:
64:
52:
1518:
1419:
1189:
1172:
517:
507:
447:
432:
415:
250:
76:
1665:
1620:
1590:
1406:
1332:
1285:
1230:
1225:
1177:
881:
462:
387:
352:
329:
265:
212:
200:
159:
120:
740:"Olivetti S20, D33 and identically Triumph-Adler Walkstation 386, Walkstation 386SX"
1496:
1384:
1367:
1362:
1140:
949:
873:
446:
such as those found in some
Blackberry smartphones work optically, like an optical
348:
333:
321:
320:
One-dimensional touchpads are the primary control interface for menu navigation on
314:
135:
1014:"This Logitech keyboard and touch pad would like the full attention of your hands"
1082:
Annotated
Bibliography of References to Gestures, Touchscreens, and Pen Computing
382:
A single one-dimensional trackpad can be used as a "Camera
Control" found on the
1595:
1563:
1466:
1426:
1389:
1357:
1199:
512:
436:
411:
407:
310:
277:
228:
207:
introduced the first widely available touchpad, branded as GlidePoint, in 1994.
124:
104:
31:
1610:
1327:
1257:
1252:
1242:
1086:
605:
431:
The capacitive shunt method, described in an application note by manufacturer
424:
337:
208:
175:
787:
1605:
1600:
1584:
1513:
1352:
1204:
1167:
1097:
859:
497:
475:
383:
341:
261:
254:
235:
220:
216:
139:
24:
234:
Another early adopter of the GlidePoint pointing device was Sharp. Later,
402:
are arranged in an array of parallel lines in two layers, separated by an
238:
introduced their touchpad into the marketplace, branded the TouchPad, and
150:, vertically or horizontally. Many touchpads use two-finger dragging for
1543:
1129:
356:
196:
1377:
1315:
1269:
537:"VersaPad Plus resistive touchpads target medical, rugged environments"
292:
224:
300:
tablet. The touchpad is the rectangle near the bottom of the keyboard.
1491:
1264:
1081:
932:
Malloy, Rich; Crabb, Don (October 1995). "Power Packed Power Books".
305:
68:
103:. The most common technology used in the 2010s senses the change of
325:
291:
276:
239:
87:. Wireless touchpads are also available, as detached accessories.
30:
18:
769:
Diehl, Stanford; Lennon, Anthony J.; McDonough, John (Oct 1995).
1568:
1462:
370:
344:
269:
with finger for adjusting the zoom, exposure or depth-of-field.
1101:
1548:
1372:
324:
portable music players and additional input method on some
947:
Jerome, Marty (1995). "Lightweight, Low-Cost
Challenger".
606:"A Comparison of Three Selection Techniques for Touchpads"
249:
Users were often presented with the option to purchase a
158:. All of these functions are implemented in the touchpad
782:. No. October 1995. Green Publishing. p. 150.
304:
Touchpads are primarily used in self-contained portable
623:"Libinput features: Clickpad software button behavior"
572:
570:
340:, beginning with the Zen Touch. The second-generation
1633:
1577:
1536:
1527:
1405:
1341:
1284:
1213:
1148:
1139:
989:"Apple debuts iPhone 16 Pro and iPhone 16 Pro Max"
764:
762:
760:
309:accidentally while typing. Laptops today feature
242:was an early adopter of this product with their
211:introduced touchpads with modern placing in the
965:"Apple introduces iPhone 16 and iPhone 16 Plus"
1646:History of computing hardware (1960s–present)
1113:
1039:"Medical keyboard and stainless steel tablet"
223:models. Since 2008, Apple's revisions of the
95:Touchpads operate in several ways, including
8:
695:"GUIdebook Psion MC Series brochure, page 4"
123:software may interpret tapping the pad as a
1088:Notes on the History of Pen-based Computing
428:awarded to George Gerpheide in April 1994.
1533:
1145:
1120:
1106:
1098:
600:
598:
1063:"Analog Devices' Capacitive Shunt Method"
260:On September 9, 2024, Apple unveiled the
195:Laptops with touchpads were launched by
637:Getting Started With Your DOMAIN System
528:
1672:History of human–computer interaction
906:. No. Dec 95. 1995. p. 105.
835:"Blackbird: The PowerBook 500 Series"
7:
1651:List of pioneers in computer science
936:(October 1995). New York, NY: 44–52.
681:"GUIdebook Psion MC Series brochure"
919:Westchester County Business Journal
917:"Sharp Unveils Line of Notebooks".
266:iPhone 16 Pro and iPhone 16 Pro Max
14:
503:List of touch input manufacturers
708:Booth, Neil (2 December 1989).
332:also uses a touchpad for their
162:software, and can be disabled.
1037:GmbH, Systec & Solutions.
119:Some touchpads and associated
1:
1641:History of computing hardware
458:Major manufacturers include:
1509:Network interface controller
580:. sigchi.com. Archived from
366:as additional input option.
23:Closeup of a touchpad on an
1306:Refreshable braille display
1248:Refreshable braille display
902:"A WinBook for the Fussy".
657:. November 1983. p. 20
541:www.microcontrollertips.com
406:and crossing each other at
81:personal digital assistants
35:Closeup of a touchpad on a
1693:
921:(November 20, 1995). 1995.
771:"Touchpads to Navigate By"
625:. wayland.freedesktop.org.
186:MC 200/400/600/WORD Series
67:. Touchpads are common on
262:iPhone 16, iPhone 16 Plus
1043:www.systec-solutions.com
639:. Apollo Computer. 1983.
61:graphical user interface
1415:Central processing unit
697:. guidebookgallery.org.
683:. guidebookgallery.org.
435:, senses the change in
16:Type of pointing device
578:"The Tactile Touchpad"
440:apparent capacitance.
301:
289:
91:Operation and function
85:portable media players
40:
28:
710:"Psions of the Times"
467:Elan Microelectronics
425:U.S. patent 5,305,017
355:) uses touch for the
295:
286:BlackBerry Curve 8520
280:
101:resistive touchscreen
34:
22:
953:(December 1995): 96.
714:New Computer Express
651:"Briefcase computer"
806:tech.alpsalpine.com
394:Theory of operation
488:Capacitive sensing
471:Cirque Corporation
347:product line (the
302:
290:
142:and scrolling the
138:, controlling the
97:capacitive sensing
71:, contrasted with
41:
29:
1659:
1658:
1629:
1628:
1559:Analog audio jack
1280:
1279:
876:(June 10, 2009).
377:Optical trackpads
298:Microsoft Surface
288:in the red circle
73:desktop computers
1684:
1677:Pointing devices
1534:
1185:Optical trackpad
1150:Pointing devices
1146:
1122:
1115:
1108:
1099:
1089:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1024:
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
985:
979:
978:
976:
975:
961:
955:
954:
944:
938:
937:
929:
923:
922:
914:
908:
907:
904:Windows Magazine
899:
893:
892:
890:
888:
870:
864:
863:
860:"MacBook design"
856:
850:
849:
847:
846:
831:
825:
822:
816:
815:
813:
812:
798:
792:
791:
775:
766:
755:
754:
752:
751:
742:. Archived from
736:
730:
729:
723:
721:
716:. pp. 66–67
705:
699:
698:
691:
685:
684:
677:
671:
670:
664:
662:
647:
641:
640:
633:
627:
626:
619:
613:
612:
610:
602:
593:
592:
590:
589:
574:
565:
564:
557:
551:
550:
548:
547:
533:
427:
282:Optical trackpad
83:(PDAs) and some
69:laptop computers
1692:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1681:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1655:
1625:
1573:
1523:
1401:
1395:USB flash drive
1344:
1337:
1276:
1209:
1163:Game controller
1158:Graphics tablet
1135:
1126:
1087:
1078:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1047:
1045:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1022:
1020:
1011:
1010:
1006:
997:
995:
987:
986:
982:
973:
971:
963:
962:
958:
946:
945:
941:
931:
930:
926:
916:
915:
911:
901:
900:
896:
886:
884:
872:
871:
867:
858:
857:
853:
844:
842:
833:
832:
828:
823:
819:
810:
808:
800:
799:
795:
773:
768:
767:
758:
749:
747:
738:
737:
733:
719:
717:
707:
706:
702:
693:
692:
688:
679:
678:
674:
660:
658:
649:
648:
644:
635:
634:
630:
621:
620:
616:
608:
604:
603:
596:
587:
585:
576:
575:
568:
559:
558:
554:
545:
543:
535:
534:
530:
526:
493:Graphics tablet
484:
456:
423:
396:
364:graphics tablet
275:
253:, touchpad, or
190:graphics tablet
168:
93:
65:computer screen
53:pointing device
17:
12:
11:
5:
1690:
1688:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1664:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1637:
1635:
1631:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1540:
1538:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1519:Expansion card
1516:
1511:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1456:
1446:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1429:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1420:Microprocessor
1411:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1360:
1355:
1349:
1347:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1290:
1288:
1286:Output devices
1282:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1272:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1228:
1223:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1190:Pointing stick
1187:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1154:
1152:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1117:
1110:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1084:
1077:
1076:External links
1074:
1072:
1071:
1054:
1029:
1004:
993:Apple Newsroom
980:
969:Apple Newsroom
956:
939:
924:
909:
894:
865:
851:
826:
817:
793:
756:
731:
700:
686:
672:
642:
628:
614:
594:
566:
561:"Tap and drag"
552:
527:
525:
522:
521:
520:
518:Pointing stick
515:
510:
508:Magic Trackpad
505:
500:
495:
490:
483:
480:
479:
478:
473:
468:
465:
455:
452:
448:computer mouse
433:Analog Devices
416:virtual ground
395:
392:
274:
273:Use in devices
271:
251:pointing stick
167:
164:
112:handling of a
92:
89:
27:CB5-311 laptop
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1689:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1591:Parallel port
1589:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1407:Computer case
1404:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1333:Graphics card
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1231:Graphics card
1229:
1227:
1226:Image scanner
1224:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1141:Input devices
1138:
1134:
1131:
1123:
1118:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1068:. analog.com.
1064:
1058:
1055:
1044:
1040:
1033:
1030:
1019:
1015:
1008:
1005:
994:
990:
984:
981:
970:
966:
960:
957:
952:
951:
943:
940:
935:
934:Mobile Office
928:
925:
920:
913:
910:
905:
898:
895:
883:
879:
875:
874:Ackerman, Dan
869:
866:
861:
855:
852:
840:
836:
830:
827:
821:
818:
807:
803:
797:
794:
789:
785:
781:
780:
772:
765:
763:
761:
757:
746:on 2016-03-04
745:
741:
735:
732:
728:
715:
711:
704:
701:
696:
690:
687:
682:
676:
673:
669:
656:
652:
646:
643:
638:
632:
629:
624:
618:
615:
607:
601:
599:
595:
584:on 2011-10-01
583:
579:
573:
571:
567:
562:
556:
553:
542:
538:
532:
529:
523:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
485:
481:
477:
474:
472:
469:
466:
464:
463:Alps Electric
461:
460:
459:
454:Manufacturing
453:
451:
449:
445:
441:
438:
434:
429:
426:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
393:
391:
389:
388:iPhone 16 Pro
385:
380:
378:
374:
372:
367:
365:
360:
358:
354:
350:
346:
343:
339:
335:
331:
330:Creative Labs
327:
323:
318:
316:
312:
307:
299:
294:
287:
283:
279:
272:
270:
267:
263:
258:
256:
252:
247:
245:
241:
237:
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
213:PowerBook 500
210:
206:
202:
201:Triumph-Adler
198:
193:
191:
187:
183:
179:
177:
173:
165:
163:
161:
160:device driver
157:
153:
149:
146:that has the
145:
141:
137:
132:
128:
126:
122:
121:device driver
117:
115:
109:
106:
102:
98:
90:
88:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
51:is a type of
50:
46:
38:
33:
26:
21:
1497:Power MOSFET
1480:Power supply
1449:Data storage
1385:Flash memory
1363:Optical disc
1345:data storage
1194:
1057:
1046:. Retrieved
1042:
1032:
1021:. Retrieved
1017:
1012:Yu, Justin.
1007:
996:. Retrieved
992:
983:
972:. Retrieved
968:
959:
950:PC Computing
948:
942:
933:
927:
918:
912:
903:
897:
885:. Retrieved
868:
862:. Apple.com.
854:
843:. Retrieved
841:. 1994-05-16
838:
829:
820:
809:. Retrieved
805:
796:
777:
748:. Retrieved
744:the original
734:
725:
718:. Retrieved
713:
703:
689:
675:
666:
659:. Retrieved
654:
645:
636:
631:
617:
586:. Retrieved
582:the original
563:. Apple.com.
555:
544:. Retrieved
540:
531:
457:
442:
430:
408:right angles
397:
381:
375:
368:
361:
322:iPod Classic
319:
315:context menu
303:
259:
248:
233:
219:of previous
194:
180:
169:
136:scroll wheel
133:
129:
118:
110:
94:
48:
44:
42:
1596:Serial port
1587:(IEEE 1394)
1564:DisplayPort
1554:Thunderbolt
1427:Motherboard
1390:Memory card
1358:Floppy disk
1200:Touchscreen
839:Low End Mac
611:. yorku.ca.
513:Multi-touch
437:capacitance
412:capacitance
386:models and
349:Zune 80/120
338:MP3 players
229:MacBook Pro
156:application
125:mouse click
105:capacitance
39:2015 laptop
1666:Categories
1343:Removable
1328:Sound card
1258:Sound chip
1253:Sound card
1243:Microphone
1133:components
1048:2021-07-06
1023:2021-07-06
998:2024-09-14
974:2024-09-14
845:2017-07-09
811:2021-07-06
750:2015-10-26
588:2011-03-21
546:2021-07-06
524:References
400:conductors
311:multitouch
244:ActionNote
176:Gavilan SC
1606:PS/2 port
1601:Game port
1514:Fax modem
1353:Disk pack
1205:Trackball
1168:Light pen
887:April 11,
788:0360-5280
727:parallel.
498:Kaoss Pad
476:Synaptics
444:Trackpads
414:. When a
404:insulator
384:iPhone 16
342:Microsoft
255:trackball
236:Synaptics
221:PowerBook
217:trackball
203:in 1992.
170:By 1982,
152:scrolling
140:scrollbar
1585:FireWire
1578:Obsolete
1544:Ethernet
1323:Speakers
1221:Keyboard
1195:Touchpad
1130:computer
720:20 March
661:16 March
482:See also
390:models.
357:Zune Pad
353:Zune 4/8
336:line of
197:Olivetti
75:, where
49:trackpad
45:touchpad
1634:Related
1537:Current
1378:Blu-ray
1316:Plotter
1311:Printer
1294:Monitor
1270:Softcam
1178:Optical
1093:YouTube
420:shunted
284:of the
225:MacBook
166:History
57:pointer
37:MacBook
1492:MOSFET
1432:Memory
1299:Screen
1265:Webcam
1128:Basic
786:
655:Design
306:laptop
205:Cirque
172:Apollo
144:window
1611:eSATA
1529:Ports
1214:Other
1173:Mouse
1066:(PDF)
774:(PDF)
668:menu.
609:(PDF)
326:Wacom
240:Epson
209:Apple
182:Psion
148:focus
114:mouse
63:on a
59:in a
1569:HDMI
1485:SMPS
1473:SSHD
1467:NVMe
1463:SATA
1442:BIOS
1018:CNET
889:2010
882:CNET
784:ISSN
779:Byte
722:2022
663:2022
371:HTPC
351:and
345:Zune
227:and
199:and
77:mice
25:Acer
1621:VGA
1616:DVI
1549:USB
1502:VRM
1459:SSD
1454:HDD
1437:RAM
1373:DVD
1236:GPU
1091:on
334:Zen
184:'s
99:or
47:or
1668::
1465:/
1368:CD
1041:.
1016:.
991:.
967:.
880:.
837:.
804:.
776:.
759:^
724:.
712:.
665:.
653:.
597:^
569:^
539:.
450:.
359:.
296:A
264:,
43:A
1469:)
1461:(
1121:e
1114:t
1107:v
1051:.
1026:.
1001:.
977:.
891:.
848:.
814:.
790:.
753:.
591:.
549:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
