720:
Hamburg, Black
Hamburgh, Black Prince, Black Tripoli, Blauer Trollinger, Blauwälsche, Bocksauge, Bocksaugen, Bocksbeutel, Bockshoden, Bockstraube, Braddick’s Seedling, Bruxelloise, Chasselas bleu de Windsor, Chasselas de Jérusalem, Chasselas de Windsor, Dachtraube, Dachtrauben, Dutch Hamburgh, Edel Vernatsch, Edelvernatsch, Fleischtraube, Frankentaler, Frankenthal, Frankenthal noir, Frankenthaler, Garston Black Hamburgh, Gelbholziger schwarzblauer Trollinger, Gelbholziger Trollinger, Gros bleu, Gros noir, Gros plant grand noir, Gross Italiener, Gross Vernatsch, Grosse race, Grosser Burgunder, Grossroth, Grossschwarzer, Grossvernatsch, Hammelshoden, Hammelsschelle, Hammelssohlen, Hampton Court Vine, Hudler, Huttler, Imperator, Khei-Khan, Knevet’s Black Hamburgh, Kölner Blau, Kreuzertraube, Lambert, Lamper, Languedoc, Lombard, Lugiana near, Maltheser Roth, Malvasier, Malvoisier, Maroquin d’Espagne, Meraner Kurtraube, Ministra, Modri Tirolan, Mohrendutte, Mohrentutte, Morrokin Barbaron, Nougaret grosse race, Pfundtraube, Plant de Paris, Pommerer, Pope Hamburgh, Prince Albert, Purple Hamburgh, Queen Victoria, Raisin bleu, Raisin bleu de Frankental, Raisin de Languedoc, Red Hamburgh, Rheinwein blau, Richmond Villa Hamburgh, Rothelbner, Salisbury violette, Schiavone, Schiavone di Merano nero, Schliege, Schwarzblauer, Schwarzblauer Trollinger, Schwarzer, Schwarzer Wälscher, Schwarzwälscher, Spanisch Blau, Straihntraube, Südtiroler Kurtrauben, Teplichnyi chernyi, Tirolan crni, Tirolinger, Trolinger, Troller, Trollinger blau, Trollinger gelbholzig, Trollinger weissholzig, Trollingi kék, Tschaggele, Uva Cenerente, Uva meranese, Uva near d’Amburgo, Valentines, Victoria, Victoria Hamburgh, Wälscher, Warner’s Hamburgh, Weissholziger Trollinger, Welke Burgundske, Welko modre, Zottelwälscher and Zottler.
682:
70:
1998:
1706:
471:
284:
393:
670:
655:
can also be made using the same varieties and permitted percentages. A varietal
Schiava can also be made with a minimum 85% of the grape with the other noted red grape varieties permitted to fill in the remainder of the wine. Yields are limited to 14 tonnes/ha with the finished red wine needing to
416:
valley. The region is the fifth largest in
Germany with nearly a third of all plantings in Württemberg being Trollinger. While there are several clones of the variety in Italy, nearly all of the Trollinger found in Germany is the high yielding Schiava Grossa clone. Here the grape is often blended
719:
In addition to
Schiava and Vernatsch, Trollinger has several synonyms that the grape variety has been known under. These include: Admiral, Ägypter, Ägyptische, Ägyptischer, Aleksandriskii chernyi, Baccaria, Bacheracher, Bammerer, Barth der Alte, Bilsenroth, Black Gibraltar, Black Hambourg, Black
232:
word for "Slave" and may hint to the type of vine plant in Roman times (forced by pruning). Records show that the grape has been growing in the
Trentino-Alto Adige region since at least the 13th century. The German synonym Trollinger appears to be a corruption of the word
579:– Schiava must account for a minimum 90% of the blend with Lagrein and Pinot noir permitted to fill in the remaining 10%. Yields are limited to 13 tonnes/ha with the finished wine needing to attain a minimum alcohol level of 11%.
644:
with most of the
Schiava grown in Bolzano and Trento. The Rosso must contain at least 20% Schiava but not more than 30% with Lambrusco permitted up to fill the remaining 10%. The remaining 70–80% is composed of
589:
of several clones including Grossa, Gentile and
Tschaggle. Yields are limited to 12.5 tonnes/ha with the finished wine needing to attain a minimum alcohol level of 10.5%. A special bottling known as
618:
permitted to make up 20-30% of the blend with up to a maximum 10% Lagrein. Yields are limited to 14 tonnes/ha with the finished wine needing to attain a minimum alcohol level of 10.5%. A special "
499:. Minimum 85% Schiava with Pinot noir and Lagrein permitted up to 15% from grapes harvested limited to 14 tonnes/ha with the finished wine having a minimum alcohol level of 10.5%. A
489:
label
Schiava must have a minimum 95% of the variety from grapes harvested limited to 14 tonnes/ha with the finished wine having a minimum alcohol level of 10.5%.
334:
in 1929 (received varietal protection and was released for general cultivation in 1969). The new crossing was named after the local poet and medical writer,
319:, which is the lowest yielding clone, but often produces the most critically acclaimed wines. Other known clones include Schiava Media and Schiava Piccola.
1932:
573:
and 10% other red grape varieties. Yields are limited to 13.5 tonnes/ha with the finished wine needing to attain a minimum alcohol level of 11%.
935:
905:
129:
1754:
431:
408:
The vast majority of the nearly 2,300 hectares (5,700 acres) of
Trollinger in Germany are grown in the Württemberg around the town of
2028:
1016:
860:
806:
681:
1305:
991:
1472:
881:
834:
758:
108:
252:
has interpreted this association as further evidence that the grape likely originated in the South Tyrol/Alto Adige region.
2038:
1958:
1963:
174:
113:
275:, but the earliest records for Trollinger growing in the Württemberg region can only be traced back to 14th century.
685:
The grapes in this painting have been identified as the Prince Albert variety or
Trollinger. The Walters Art Museum.
30:"Plant de Paris" redirects here. For the French wine grape that shares this and other synonyms with Trollinger, see
2033:
1883:
1850:
1679:
508:
1973:
1863:
711:
date. Italian styles of Schiava tend to be similarly light but are more often dryer and more noticeably acidic.
1968:
1747:
1689:
1618:
1510:
1111:
1094:
707:
is completed. Most wines produced from Trollinger are often consumed very young, usually within a year of the
582:
1858:
1231:
1067:
162:
1721:
1644:
1089:
922:
576:
69:
37:"Hampton Court Vine" redirects here. For another wine grape that is also known as Hampton Court Vine, see
436:
189:
the variety is sometimes known as Black Hamburg, which is commonly confused with the similar synonym for
1659:
1428:
1072:
598:
774:
443:
in the South Tyrol/Alto Adige region. There the grape must make up a minimum of 90% of the blend with
1310:
1062:
198:
178:
482:
1888:
1840:
1740:
1290:
984:
704:
629:
558:
1878:
1383:
562:
492:
354:
272:
229:
611:
1832:
1779:
1363:
1300:
901:
877:
856:
830:
802:
754:
532:
470:
418:
268:
1997:
1705:
1623:
1550:
1413:
1315:
898:
Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours
370:
249:
166:
1978:
1799:
1716:
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1171:
1051:
918:
366:
335:
312:
264:
1873:
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1817:
1771:
1628:
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1345:
1161:
1139:
1106:
1082:
977:
700:
377:
346:
331:
323:
246:
194:
81:
940:
478:
Other Italian DOCs where Trollinger/Schiava/Vernatsch is a permitted variety include:
135:
2022:
1898:
1807:
1613:
1608:
1285:
1101:
1077:
460:
292:
209:
1684:
1275:
1213:
1203:
1156:
696:
674:
381:
342:
300:
283:
190:
159:
38:
1433:
338:. The variety was also crossed with Muscat of Alexandria to produce Black Muscat.
626:
bottling can be made if the finished wine attains a minimum alcohol level of 11%.
2002:
1953:
1916:
1710:
1565:
1555:
1453:
1335:
1218:
1149:
1008:
637:
633:
586:
464:
451:
permitted to round out the remaining 10%. Grapes are limited to a yield of 12.5
304:
299:(also known as Grossvernatsch and Schiava Grigia) which is probably the highest
260:
186:
182:
155:
121:
237:
meaning "of Tyrol". The synonym Vernatsch appears to have a similar origins as
181:. It is primarily known under the synonyms Trollinger in Germany, Vernatsch in
1906:
1822:
1812:
1763:
1669:
1664:
1649:
1585:
1580:
1545:
1443:
1438:
1398:
1325:
1270:
1260:
1255:
1242:
1198:
1186:
1176:
1134:
960:
448:
242:
213:
173:, but today is almost exclusively cultivated on steep, sunny locations in the
1784:
1674:
1654:
1590:
1570:
1560:
1520:
1458:
1340:
1280:
1181:
615:
566:
516:
409:
397:
350:
238:
205:
31:
376:
In the Trento province, Trollinger is sometimes confused with the Italian/
1530:
1525:
1515:
1408:
1388:
1355:
1320:
1250:
1166:
1129:
1041:
1036:
1021:
641:
536:
486:
327:
170:
117:
17:
1983:
1789:
1540:
1393:
1368:
1295:
1144:
1031:
950:
708:
691:
689:
The wine produced from the grape is mostly red, though some dark color
651:
646:
619:
512:
504:
463:
of 11.5%. Some producers use the German name "Saint Magdalener" on the
456:
444:
440:
392:
256:
255:
At some point the grape migrated northwards to the southern regions of
1948:
1911:
1535:
1423:
1418:
695:
styles are also produced. In Württemberg, the wine is often slightly
602:
570:
528:
520:
452:
413:
669:
565:. Schiava must account for a minimum of 30% of the blend up to 40%
555:
area provided the finished wine has a minimum alcohol level of 11%.
165:
that was likely first originally cultivated in the wine regions of
1448:
1403:
1373:
1026:
680:
668:
469:
391:
295:
of Trollinger have been identified. These include the large berry
282:
224:
While the grape is likely northern Italian in origin, the synonym
100:
53:
259:
though the exact date of its arrival is unknown. In Württemberg,
1000:
956:
524:
353:
may be a natural crossing between Trollinger/Schiava Grossa and
1736:
973:
954:
474:
Vernatsch vineyard in the Trentino-South Tyrol region of Italy.
267:
established monasteries and vineyards in the region. In nearby
503:
bottling can be made from grapes grown around the communes of
1732:
311:(also known as Kleinvernatsch), which tends to produce more
291:
In the Trentino-Alto Adige region, several sub-varieties or
561:– A multi-grape blend from this DOC near the border of the
263:
has existed since at least the 8th century when monks from
969:
632:– A multi-grape blend from a DOC that extends into the
753:, pp. 171 and 191-192, Oxford University Press 1996
212:
and tends to produce light bodied wines with fruity
1941:
1925:
1897:
1849:
1831:
1798:
1770:
1637:
1599:
1494:
1471:
1354:
1241:
1229:
1122:
1050:
1007:
656:attain a minimum alcohol level of 11% and finished
459:with the finished wine needing to attain a minimum
128:
107:
96:
88:
76:
46:
649:, Merlot, Pinot noir, Lagrein and Teroldego. A
601:in the high altitude hills around the town of
429:In Italy it is a permitted variety in several
1748:
985:
892:
890:
769:
767:
636:region and includes the provinces of Verona,
597:can be produced from grapes grown around the
8:
307:and neutral tasting wine, the smaller berry
896:J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz:
801:, pp. 229, 270 and 273 Harcourt Books 2001
361:Viticulture and confusion with other grapes
185:and Schiava in other Italian regions. As a
1755:
1741:
1733:
1238:
992:
978:
970:
951:
847:
845:
843:
829:, pp. 106-114. Aurum Press, London (1998)
745:
743:
741:
739:
737:
735:
733:
396:Trollinger vineyard in the city center of
68:
43:
874:Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine
271:, it was established even earlier during
821:
819:
817:
815:
793:
791:
789:
787:
785:
783:
1933:Clarification and stabilization of wine
729:
751:Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes
287:An Italian Vernatsch from South Tyrol.
936:Vitis International Variety Catalogue
7:
432:Denominazione di Origine Controllata
827:A Traveller's Wine Guide to Germany
673:Schiava from an early 20th-century
855:, pp. 120–210. Firefly Books 2004
369:variety, often ripening and being
25:
1017:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
900:, pp. 797, 1106. Allen Lane 2012
241:in having the same root word as "
1996:
1704:
322:In Württemberg, Trollinger was
193:—a variety that is actually a
1:
1959:Glossary of viticulture terms
585:– 100% Schiava but usually a
1964:Glossary of winemaking terms
551:) can also be made from the
497:Kalterer See/Lago di Caldaro
439:located east of the city of
303:clone, but tends to produce
943:Accessed on 14 August 2020.
614:– Minimum 70% Schiava with
279:Sub-varieties and crossings
2055:
1884:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
876:Hermes House 2006, p. 181
373:much later than Riesling.
228:is closely related to the
208:, Trollinger has moderate
36:
29:
1992:
1974:History of the wine press
1864:Sparkling wine production
1698:
967:
216:and subtle smokey notes.
204:According to wine expert
67:
51:
2029:Red wine grape varieties
1969:Wine tasting descriptors
1690:Wine tasting descriptors
1619:Phenolic content in wine
1511:Alternative wine closure
1095:Great French Wine Blight
660:needing to attain 10.5%.
608:Meraner Schickenburg DOC
1859:Malolactic fermentation
583:Meranese di Collina DOC
175:Württemberg wine region
923:The Walters Art Museum
799:Encyclopedia of Grapes
686:
678:
475:
400:
288:
245:" or "local". British
1660:Wine and food pairing
684:
672:
543:bottling (labeled as
473:
435:(DOC)s including the
395:
330:to produce the cross
326:with the white grape
286:
2039:Wines of South Tyrol
1311:Muscat of Alexandria
773:Appellation America
577:Colli di Bolzano DOC
199:Muscat of Alexandria
1889:Yeast in winemaking
1841:Carbonic maceration
853:Wine Label Language
437:Santa Maddalena DOC
412:and throughout the
345:suggested that the
1879:Traditional method
1680:Wine personalities
1384:Cabernet Sauvignon
687:
679:
599:Castello di Tirolo
563:province of Verona
476:
401:
289:
197:of Trollinger and
2034:Wines of Trentino
2016:
2015:
2010:
2009:
1780:Late harvest wine
1730:
1729:
1467:
1466:
1364:Alicante Bouschet
1112:Judgment of Paris
919:"Bunch of Grapes"
906:978-1-846-14446-2
269:Lauffen am Neckar
179:Baden-Württemberg
141:
140:
16:(Redirected from
2046:
2001:
2000:
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1750:
1743:
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1708:
1624:Proteins in wine
1291:Grüner Veltliner
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838:
823:
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778:
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762:
747:
703:left over after
495:– Also known as
365:Trollinger is a
250:Nicolas Belfrage
72:
61:
56:
44:
27:Variety of grape
21:
2054:
2053:
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2048:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2043:
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2017:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2003:Wine portal
1995:
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1979:History of wine
1937:
1921:
1893:
1845:
1827:
1808:Deacidification
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1711:Wine portal
1703:
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1331:Sauvignon blanc
1266:Cayetana blanca
1234:
1232:grape varieties
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912:
895:
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872:Stuart Walton,
871:
867:
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841:
825:K. B. Stewart:
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772:
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731:
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667:
427:
406:
390:
363:
336:Justinus Kerner
309:Schiava Gentile
281:
222:
109:Notable regions
59:
52:
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35:
28:
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22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1909:
1903:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1869:Sugars in wine
1866:
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1837:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1820:
1818:Chaptalization
1815:
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1804:
1802:
1796:
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1768:
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1737:
1728:
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1724:
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1645:Classification
1641:
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1634:
1632:
1631:
1629:Sugars in wine
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1605:
1603:
1601:Wine chemistry
1597:
1596:
1594:
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1583:
1578:
1576:Wine dispenser
1573:
1568:
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1548:
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1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
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1505:
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1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1379:Cabernet Franc
1376:
1371:
1366:
1360:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1348:
1346:Welschriesling
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1301:Müller-Thurgau
1298:
1293:
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1224:
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1097:
1087:
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1068:Ancient Greece
1065:
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1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
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1011:
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999:
997:
996:
989:
982:
974:
968:
965:
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955:
947:
946:
941:Schiava Grossa
928:
910:
886:
865:
839:
811:
779:
777:Grape details.
763:
728:
727:
725:
722:
716:
713:
701:residual sugar
666:
663:
662:
661:
627:
609:
606:
580:
574:
556:
490:
483:Alto Adige DOC
426:
423:
405:
402:
389:
386:
378:Slovenian wine
362:
359:
347:Emilia-Romagna
297:Schiava Grossa
280:
277:
247:Master of Wine
221:
218:
139:
138:
133:
126:
125:
111:
105:
104:
98:
94:
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90:
86:
85:
82:Vitis vinifera
78:
74:
73:
65:
64:
49:
48:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
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6:
4:
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2:
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1614:Acids in wine
1612:
1610:
1609:Aroma of wine
1607:
1606:
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1602:
1598:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
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1474:
1473:Major regions
1470:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1429:Montepulciano
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
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861:1-55297-720-X
858:
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851:P. Saunders:
848:
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807:0-15-100714-4
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749:J. Robinson,
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630:Valdadige DOC
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559:Casteller DOC
557:
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530:
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510:
506:
502:
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468:
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461:alcohol level
458:
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424:
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411:
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399:
394:
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379:
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368:
367:late ripening
360:
358:
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163:grape variety
161:
157:
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149:
145:
137:
134:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
112:
110:
106:
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87:
84:
83:
79:
75:
71:
66:
62:
55:
50:
45:
40:
33:
19:
1994:
1851:Fermentation
1702:
1685:Wine tasting
1306:Muscat blanc
1276:Chenin blanc
1073:Ancient Rome
939:
931:
913:
897:
873:
868:
852:
826:
798:
775:Black Muscat
750:
718:
705:fermentation
690:
688:
675:ampelography
657:
650:
623:
594:
590:
552:
548:
544:
540:
500:
496:
477:
430:
428:
407:
388:Wine regions
382:Piccola nera
375:
364:
343:DNA analysis
340:
321:
316:
308:
305:light bodied
296:
290:
254:
234:
225:
223:
203:
191:Black Muscat
160:Italian wine
151:
147:
143:
142:
80:
58:
39:Black Muscat
1954:Wine bottle
1926:Other steps
1917:Wine cellar
1874:Süssreserve
1566:Wine cellar
1556:Wine bottle
1497:accessories
1495:Packaging,
1454:Tempranillo
1083:Noah's wine
1063:Phoenicians
1009:Viticulture
797:Oz Clarke:
665:Wine styles
634:Veneto wine
595:Burggräfler
591:Bulgraviato
587:field blend
549:Selezionato
493:Caldaro DOC
465:wine labels
355:Crepallochi
349:wine grape
273:Roman times
261:viticulture
187:table grape
183:South Tyrol
167:South Tyrol
154:, is a red
122:South Tyrol
116:(Germany),
114:Württemberg
89:Also called
2023:Categories
1833:Maceration
1823:Wine press
1813:Destemming
1764:Winemaking
1670:Wine fraud
1665:Wine fault
1650:Oenophilia
1586:Wine label
1581:Wine glass
1546:Port tongs
1444:Sangiovese
1439:Pinot noir
1399:Douce noir
1326:Rkatsiteli
1271:Chardonnay
1261:Catarratto
1235:by acreage
1209:Biodynamic
1172:Aromatized
961:winemaking
882:0754800245
835:1854105140
759:0198600984
724:References
699:with some
449:Pinot noir
315:wines and
243:vernacular
235:Tirolinger
214:strawberry
144:Trollinger
47:Trollinger
1785:Noble rot
1675:Winemaker
1655:Sommelier
1591:Wine rack
1571:Wine cork
1561:Wine cave
1551:Screw cap
1521:Corkscrew
1486:New World
1481:Old World
1459:Zinfandel
1434:Mourvèdre
1341:Trebbiano
1281:Colombard
1182:Noble rot
1162:Fortified
1140:Sparkling
1107:New World
616:Teroldego
612:Sorni DOC
567:Lambrusco
541:superiore
517:Cortaccia
419:Lemberger
410:Stuttgart
398:Stuttgart
371:harvested
351:Uva Tosca
341:In 2010,
317:Tschaggle
239:Vernaccia
206:Oz Clarke
152:Vernatsch
32:Peloursin
18:Trolinger
1800:Pressing
1722:Glossary
1638:Industry
1531:Jug wine
1526:Decanter
1516:Box wine
1414:Isabella
1409:Grenache
1389:Carignan
1336:Sémillon
1321:Riesling
1316:Palomino
1059:Ancient
1042:Vineyard
1037:Veraison
1022:Oenology
715:Synonyms
553:classico
537:Bronzolo
529:Montagna
501:classico
487:Varietal
328:Riesling
313:aromatic
301:yielding
265:Burgundy
171:Trentino
118:Trentino
1984:Terroir
1942:Related
1790:Vintage
1772:Harvest
1717:Outline
1541:Muselet
1503:storage
1394:Cinsaut
1369:Barbera
1296:Macabeo
1256:Aligoté
1214:Organic
1204:Natural
1157:Dessert
1102:Georgia
1052:History
1032:Terroir
1027:Species
938:(VIVC)
709:vintage
647:Negrara
638:Bolzano
620:riserva
513:Termeno
509:Appiano
505:Caldaro
457:hectare
445:Lagrein
441:Bolzano
404:Germany
324:crossed
257:Germany
230:Italian
226:Schiava
220:History
210:acidity
148:Schiava
124:(Italy)
92:Schiava
77:Species
1949:Winery
1912:Solera
1536:Kvevri
1424:Merlot
1419:Malbec
1219:Kosher
1195:Other
1150:Orange
1123:Styles
1090:France
904:
880:
859:
833:
805:
757:
642:Trento
624:scelto
603:Merano
571:Merlot
569:, 30%
545:Scelto
521:Vadena
453:tonnes
414:Neckar
380:grape
332:Kerner
293:clones
156:German
132:number
97:Origin
1899:Aging
1449:Syrah
1404:Gamay
1374:Bobal
1286:Glera
1251:Airén
1243:White
1199:Table
1187:Straw
1177:Fruit
1135:White
1078:China
957:Wines
697:sweet
677:text.
622:" or
425:Italy
417:with
195:cross
150:, or
136:10823
101:Italy
60:Vitis
54:Grape
1501:and
1230:Top
1145:Rosé
1001:Wine
959:and
902:ISBN
878:ISBN
857:ISBN
831:ISBN
803:ISBN
755:ISBN
692:rosé
658:rosé
652:rosé
640:and
539:. A
535:and
525:Egna
447:and
169:and
130:VIVC
1907:Oak
1356:Red
1167:Ice
1130:Red
593:or
547:or
533:Ora
177:of
2025::
921:.
889:^
842:^
814:^
782:^
766:^
732:^
531:,
527:,
523:,
519:,
515:,
511:,
507:,
485:–
467:.
421:.
384:.
357:.
201:.
146:,
120:,
1756:e
1749:t
1742:v
1499:,
993:e
986:t
979:v
925:.
908:.
884:.
863:.
837:.
809:.
761:.
605:.
455:/
158:/
103:?
63:)
57:(
41:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
