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The female is flightless, spending her brief life attached to her cocoon. The female attracts other males via release of a pheromone, the males find the female via the concentration gradient of the released pheromone. The female mates and lays her grey-yellow eggs in large numbers on her fine-meshed
475:
Several hundred eggs are laid on the outside of the female's empty cocoon, usually attached to a host plant or something close by (e.g. fence, wall). The species overwinters in the egg stage. Each brownish egg is rounded, somewhat flattened top and bottom. A small darker depression is seen in the
381:
wings and is flightless; it is light grey-brown (ochreous grey), has "shortly bipectinate" antennae, and a swollen abdomen. The compound eyes of the two sexes differ not only with regard to their size, number of facets and internal organization and ultrastructure, but also with regard to their
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They have defensive glands at the back, and wipe their setae against them to charge them with toxins. They grow to about 30–40 mm, females being considerably larger than males. In the UK, caterpillars can be found between May and early
September.
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exists between the male and the female moths of this species. The male moth typically has orange- to red-brown (ochreous red and dark brown) wings; each fore wing has a white comma-shaped (tornal) spot. It has marked plumose (short, bipectinate)
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The adult moths do not feed, so they only live for a short time. The two (sometimes three) generations fly from May till
October; in North America, only one generation occurs in a year. In the
1092:
Pinder, P. S.; Hayes, A. J. (1986). "An outbreak of
Vapourer Moth (Orgyiaantiqua L.: Lepidoptera Lymantridae) on Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) in Central Scotland".
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sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation The hairy caterpillar is spectacular, with "humps", "horns", and a "tail" in a combination of dark grey, red, and yellow.
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The male flies in a zigzag pattern—often high up in search of females—and is active during the day or at night. Males occasionally come to light. In
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is native to Europe, but now has a transcontinental distribution in the
Palaearctic and the Nearctic regions. The species is not on the
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The larvae hatch early in the spring, as soon as foliage starts to appear. They are easily recognized by their
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The caterpillar is a minor forest pest in North
America, and may become a pest in cities in the UK.
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project from the sides at the front and at the back. The body is dark grey to black, and red
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de Worms, C. G. M. (1979). "Lymantriidae". In Heath, J.; Emmet, A. M.; et al. (eds.).
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984:(Lepidoptera; Lymantriidae): sexual dimorphism and light/dark adaptational changes"
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Sphingidae–Noctuidae
Noctuinae and Hadeninae. London: Curwen Books. p. 70.
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Mishra, Monalisa; Meyer-Rochow, Victor Benno (2008). "Eyes of male and female
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889:. Department of Natural Resources, Fredericton, New Brunswick. pp. 7–8.
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1019:(Lepidoptera; Lymantriidae) react differently to an exposure with UV-A".
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The pupa forms in a crevice (e.g. in tree bark or fence) inside a silk
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Late instar caterpillar showing the four clumps of dorsal tussock hairs
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The flightless female clings to her cocoon during her brief adult life
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842:"A Host-parasite Catalog of North American Tachinidae (Diptera)"
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Miscellaneous
Publication (United States. Dept. Of Agriculture)
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Waring, Paul; Townsend, Martin; Lewington, Richard (2003).
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female laying her eggs on the remains of her own cocoon
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Field Guide to the Moths of Great
Britain and Ireland
460:
Mating pair (male at left), illustrating their stark
978:
Lau, Stanley TF; Meyer-Rochow, Victor Benno (2007).
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egg-mass on an empty cocoon amongst conifer needles
931:. British Wildlife Publishing, Hook, UK, p. 208.
886:Status of forest pests in New Brunswick in 2003
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496:-like tufts occur along the back, and
1061:Caterpillars of eastern North America
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1479:26fc82e3-cd7f-494f-8d7f-64af305b784e
1332:293b8bc9-b35d-4f66-8080-9ae8a04244c0
1158:Good plant protection practice (PDF)
539:traps set in commercial forests for
321:may be encountered in a variety of
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361:For a key to the terms used, see
309:is considered a common resident.
1146:JustGreen Bug of the Month (PDF)
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523:. It is glossy black and hairy.
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840:Arnaud Jr., Paul Henri (1978).
535:, adult males are attracted to
988:European Journal of Entomology
867:Explanation of name "vapourer"
760:late instar larva on rose leaf
504:are along the sides and back.
1:
1063:. Princeton University Press.
688:rear view of "calling" female
1033:10.1016/j.micron.2007.02.006
581:and feed on a wide range of
363:Glossary of entomology terms
1558:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
58:male imago and caterpillar
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883:Carter, Nelson E. (2004).
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541:white-marked tussock moth
488:-like tufts of hair-like
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64:Scientific classification
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1106:10.1093/forestry/59.1.97
1081:. Viking, London, p. 80.
806:Illustrated adult female
1533:Moths described in 1758
1151:15 January 2006 at the
1131:The Vapourer on UKMoths
820:Illustrated caterpillar
290:Distribution and status
224:(Grum-Grshimailo, 1891)
1543:Moths of North America
792:Illustrated adult male
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1059:Wagner, D.M. (2005).
1001:10.14411/eje.2007.039
980:"The compound eye of
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1327:Fauna Europaea (new)
1077:Porter, Jim (1997).
323:shrub-based habitats
35:Rusty tussock moth
1553:Insects of Iceland
405:
401:British Entomology
394:Illustration from
272:rusty tussock moth
213:Notolophus antiqua
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1514:
1500:Open Tree of Life
1169:Taxon identifiers
772:volant male imago
651:Aeonium haworthii
592:, such as birch (
577:Caterpillars are
462:sexual dimorphism
263:
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16:(Redirected from
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1125:External links
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963:. Vol.
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850:. Retrieved
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748:young larvae
669:Sitka spruce
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1438:NatureServe
1430:OrgyiaAntiq
1353:iNaturalist
1201:Wikispecies
579:polyphagous
573:Host plants
480:Caterpillar
476:upperside.
396:John Curtis
368:A striking
357:Description
317:In the UK,
121:Lepidoptera
1522:Categories
827:References
502:tubercules
494:toothbrush
370:dimorphism
319:O. antiqua
295:O. antiqua
131:Noctuoidea
101:Arthropoda
1114:0015-752X
645:Vaccinium
601:Crataegus
583:deciduous
537:pheromone
386:Lifecycle
379:vestigial
343:hedgerows
159:Species:
87:Kingdom:
81:Eukaryota
1443:2.745643
1427:MaBENA:
1392:LepIndex
1371:10315597
1249:BugGuide
1225:BioLib:
1215:BAMONA:
1186:Wikidata
1149:Archived
1094:Forestry
1041:17419066
665:Scotland
432:The pupa
375:antennae
303:Red List
284:Erebidae
276:vapourer
216:Linnaeus
204:Synonyms
191:Linnaeus
141:Erebidae
137:Family:
97:Phylum:
91:Animalia
77:Domain:
18:Vapourer
1345:1819873
852:8 March
675:Gallery
639:Tamarix
621:Quercus
567:diurnal
492:. Four
327:gardens
313:Habitat
301:(2007)
278:, is a
147:Genus:
117:Order:
111:Insecta
107:Class:
1505:528536
1476:NZOR:
1469:335469
1384:939668
1319:447075
1306:309146
1293:ORGYAN
1280:504948
1192:Q25647
1112:
1039:
1021:Micron
848:(1319)
700:mating
615:Prunus
595:Betula
590:shrubs
553:cocoon
521:cocoon
349:. and
347:heaths
270:, the
152:Orgyia
1404:LoB:
1397:51825
1366:IRMNG
1358:61910
1301:EUNIS
1267:6T666
1254:28152
1241:19542
1228:54723
633:Salix
627:Rubus
610:Tilia
586:trees
527:Imago
490:setae
351:moors
331:parks
1492:1976
1464:NCBI
1420:8308
1415:MONA
1407:4305
1379:ITIS
1340:GBIF
1288:EPPO
1236:BOLD
1110:ISSN
1037:PMID
854:2018
606:lime
588:and
515:Pupa
486:horn
339:fens
299:IUCN
280:moth
195:1758
1451:NBN
1275:EoL
1262:CoL
1102:doi
1029:doi
996:doi
992:104
663:In
654:or
612:),
598:),
547:).
471:Egg
398:'s
274:or
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