2091:
2102:
2109:
3503:
122:
4235:
5470:
5464:
3508:
2965:
5459:
2957:
5453:
4227:
2097:
2977:
2971:
4243:
1160:
707:
had unusual lateral fossae, which looked like deep depressions in the outside walls of the vertebral centra. Some fossae are divided into two chambers by a ridge inside the depression. In most sauropods the fossae would form pneumatic openings leading to the interior of the centrum, rather than just
752:
may have had a condition intermediate between the two. The possession of amphiplatyan caudal centra with anteriorly facing neural spines is a unique identifier of this species. Sometimes the form of central articulations change within a single individual's vertebral column.
1027:
Britt, Brooks B.; Eberth, David A.; Scheetz, Rod D.; Greenhalgh, Brent W.; Stadtman, Kenneth L. (2009-06-16). "Taphonomy of debris-flow hosted dinosaur bonebeds at Dalton Wells, Utah (Lower
Cretaceous, Cedar Mountain Formation, USA)".
1116:
Tidwell, Virginia; Carpenter, Kenneth; Meyer, Susanne (2001). "New titanosauriform (Sauropoda) from the Poison Strip Member of the Cedar
Mountain Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Utah". In Tanke, Darren H.; Carpenter, Kenneth (eds.).
739:
The vertebrae near the base of the tail are extremely useful for classifying sauropods. Derived titanosaurs had vertebrae that were convex on the front and back. Primitive sauropods had vertebrae that were either flat on both ends
503:
have been reported from Dalton Wells Quarry, in the Yellow Cat Member of the Cedar
Mountain Formation, comprising the fragmentary remains of least three individuals. However, it is not certain whether these specimens belong to
395:
were first discovered in 1998, by Denver Museum of
Natural History volunteer Anthony DiCroce, and described as a new genus and species in 2001 by Virginia Tidwell and colleagues, who named the species for DiCroce.
1136:
Tidwell, Virginia; Wilhite, D. Ray (2005). "Ontogenetic
Variation and Isometric Growth in the Forelimb of the Early Cretaceous Sauropod Venenosaurus". In Tidwell, Virginia; Carpenter, Kenneth (eds.).
1057:
Britt, Brooks B.; Scheetz, Rodney D.; Whiting, Michael F.; Wilhite, D. Ray (2017-04-10). "Moabosaurus utahensis, n. gen., n. sp., a new sauropod from the Early
Cretaceous (Aptian) of North America".
606:
are long and slender. With the exception of the incomplete first metacarpal, all of the right metacarpals are known. Metatarsal I is the shortest and most robust of the three recovered metatarsals.
1070:
DiCroce, Tony; Carpenter, Kenneth (2001). "A new ornithopod from the Cedar
Mountain Formation (Lower Cretaceous) of eastern Utah". In Tanke, Darren H.; Carpenter, Kenneth (eds.).
428:, a theropod, and an adult and juvenile of a sauropod. In 2001, Virginia Tidwell, Kenneth Carpenter, and Susanne Meyer described the sauropod remains as a new genus and species,
5641:
499:. A few bones of a juvenile individual are also known from the same site. These specimens are housed at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science. Additional specimens of
732:. These taxa differ, however, in that their fossae are even shallower, lack the division into chambers, and do not extend as far into the vertebral columns as those of
5587:
418:, including Anthony "Tony" DiCroce, found a fossil site in Grand County, Utah, which they named Tony's Bone Bed. The bone bed was in the Poison Strip Member of the
1193:
5656:
5574:
5671:
5651:
1079:
5686:
5681:
5676:
1145:
1126:
1106:
367:
2101:
2090:
415:
2108:
683:. The neural spines in the middle tail vertebrae are angled toward the front of the animal. These vertebrae resemble those of
3502:
436:, "poison", in reference to the Poison Strip Member, and the species name honors DiCroce for his discovery of the fossils.
5661:
1186:
121:
4234:
5469:
5463:
576:. The ratio of the radius' least circumference to length produces a ratio of .33, more gracile than the radius of
5666:
5506:
3507:
1281:
1179:
448:
419:
2964:
5527:
2976:
2956:
5646:
5613:
5496:
5458:
5187:
1469:
594:
285:
5452:
4226:
2970:
4242:
2096:
584:
701:. The vertebrae are located at a transitional position from anterior to posterior caudal vertebrae.
2172:
578:
5227:
2299:
568:
116:
1121:. Life of the past. Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. pp. 139–165.
745:
741:
5618:
5565:
5600:
5592:
5363:
4904:
3651:
3292:
3021:
2209:
1141:
1140:. Life of the past. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. pp. 187–196.
1122:
1102:
1075:
1045:
649:
The vertebrae in the middle and toward the end of the tail were short, distinguishing it from
535:
492:
5605:
538:
sauropod, measuring 12 metres (39 ft) long and weighing 6 metric tons (6.6 short tons).
5234:
5079:
5019:
4661:
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4350:
4152:
4132:
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3190:
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2561:
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2485:
1788:
1565:
1545:
1165:
1094:
1037:
323:
30:
1013:"A Note on Caudal Central Articulation," Tidwell, Carpenter, and Meyer (2001). Pp. 159-160.
5501:
5371:
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4997:
4693:
4673:
4654:
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4539:
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4159:
4079:
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3253:
3114:
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2348:
2179:
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1901:
1893:
1880:
1797:
1343:
1330:
1293:
1266:
1241:
1202:
240:
195:
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that lived in what is now Utah during the Early
Cretaceous. Its type and only species is
5378:
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5175:
5120:
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2429:
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2003:
1840:
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1609:
1439:
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5421:
5406:
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5219:
5168:
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5011:
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4707:
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4166:
4145:
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4004:
3993:
3972:
3951:
3929:
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3749:
3686:
3570:
3393:
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3306:
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3092:
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2994:
2911:
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2778:
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2699:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2635:
2614:
2533:
2510:
2357:
2314:
2216:
2193:
2165:
1996:
1989:
1937:
1833:
1770:
1761:
1643:
1517:
1485:
1453:
1414:
1396:
1375:
697:
562:
547:
476:
464:
455:, DMNS 40932, a partial skeleton of an adult individual, which consists of nine tail
68:
5429:
5399:
5392:
5329:
5270:
5196:
5128:
5086:
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5041:
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4189:
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4100:
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3915:
3907:
3900:
3879:
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3412:
3401:
3378:
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3271:
3178:
3135:
3128:
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2826:
2741:
2549:
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2471:
2464:
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2415:
2401:
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1930:
1818:
1722:
1678:
1671:
1623:
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1382:
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402:
1041:
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4314:
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3979:
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3763:
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3700:
3693:
3679:
3578:
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3464:
3386:
3349:
3220:
3171:
2932:
2808:
2771:
2764:
2733:
2717:
2657:
2621:
2599:
2519:
2478:
2422:
2394:
2380:
2328:
2281:
2201:
2186:
2158:
2024:
1982:
1968:
1948:
1922:
1868:
1861:
1777:
1743:
1729:
1572:
1510:
1446:
1423:
1389:
1361:
691:
679:
673:
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650:
556:
43:
5315:
5242:
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4364:
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3742:
3714:
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3556:
3538:
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3442:
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3328:
3321:
3314:
3234:
3146:
3121:
2851:
2801:
2785:
2749:
2650:
2526:
2450:
2364:
2307:
2258:
2010:
1826:
1715:
1579:
1538:
1503:
1232:
1155:
1098:
655:
488:
472:
227:
179:
88:
53:
5550:
1074:. Life of the past. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. pp. 183–196.
1049:
5278:
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4966:
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4372:
4093:
4050:
4036:
3778:
3471:
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3342:
3056:
2904:
2897:
2628:
2577:
2140:
2127:
2042:
2017:
1975:
1854:
1694:
1461:
1403:
424:
211:
133:
93:
37:
708:
being a depression. Less well-developed, but similar fossae are known from
5544:
5286:
4952:
4762:
3965:
3806:
3665:
2918:
2408:
2251:
1961:
1736:
1708:
1616:
1531:
1524:
1431:
1368:
1250:
1226:
592:, however, has a slightly more gracile ratio of .31. The team found that
456:
452:
384:
381:
166:
153:
83:
78:
63:
58:
48:
5579:
4322:
2726:
2570:
2457:
1915:
630:
484:
460:
98:
73:
4851:
4029:
1847:
1220:
1059:
Contributions from the Museum of
Paleontology, University of Michigan
143:
5521:
712:. Fossae that similarly resemble shallow depressions are known from
983:"Caudal Vertebrae," Tidwell, Carpenter, and Meyer (2001). Page 147.
963:"Caudal Vertebrae," Tidwell, Carpenter, and Meyer (2001). Page 146.
949:"Caudal Vertebrae," Tidwell, Carpenter, and Meyer (2001). Page 145.
1171:
5153:
1657:
611:
468:
5525:
5485:
4259:
3523:
2992:
2125:
1328:
1213:
1175:
2815:
496:
1004:"Discussion," Tidwell, Carpenter, and Meyer (2001). Page 159.
995:"Discussion," Tidwell, Carpenter, and Meyer (2001). Page 158.
928:"Discussion," Tidwell, Carpenter, and Meyer (2001). Page 157.
848:
353:
1093:. Princeton: Princeton University Press. pp. 162–214.
905:"Forelimb," Tidwell, Carpenter, and Meyer (2001). Page 148.
356:
344:
338:
329:
860:
940:"Pelvis," Tidwell, Carpenter, and Meyer (2001). Page 150.
914:"Pelvis," Tidwell, Carpenter, and Meyer (2001). Page 152.
991:
989:
924:
922:
920:
901:
899:
897:
895:
893:
447:
fossils are known from the Poison Strip Member of the
406:, another sauropod from the Early Cretaceous of Utah.
872:
824:
812:
637:
proportions. Its hips most closely resemble those of
598:'s radius is the closest anatomical match to that of
524:
observed that the new species most closely resembles
368:
359:
350:
341:
335:
332:
979:
977:
975:
973:
971:
969:
959:
957:
955:
936:
934:
414:
In the spring of 1998, a team of volunteers for the
400:
was a relatively small sauropod, and was similar to
326:
5534:
5355:
5260:
5186:
5139:
5103:
5069:
4987:
4921:
4861:
4779:
4746:
4672:
4272:
4188:
4131:
4003:
3816:
3725:
3649:
3618:
3536:
3411:
3368:
3359:
3261:
3252:
3189:
3154:
3145:
3042:
3031:
3005:
2882:
2850:
2834:
2825:
2716:
2560:
2509:
2378:
2347:
2279:
2234:
2138:
2041:
1947:
1879:
1787:
1760:
1692:
1633:
1593:
1555:
1483:
1413:
1341:
1292:
1265:
347:
1030:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
629:shows a mixture of titanosaur and non-titanosaur
800:
788:
836:
422:, and contained the remains of the iguanodont
1187:
1138:Thunder-lizards: the sauropodomorph dinosaurs
8:
1089:Paul, Gregory S. (2010). "Sauropodomorphs".
5642:Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America
769:Now the Denver Museum of Nature and Science
5522:
5482:
5352:
5145:
5100:
4867:
4785:
4754:
4678:
4284:
4280:
4269:
4256:
4137:
3822:
3657:
3548:
3544:
3533:
3520:
3365:
3258:
3151:
3048:
3039:
3013:
3002:
2989:
2879:
2831:
2386:
2291:
2287:
2150:
2146:
2135:
2122:
1953:
1885:
1700:
1630:
1601:
1495:
1491:
1353:
1349:
1338:
1325:
1271:
1262:
1210:
1194:
1180:
1172:
20:
781:
762:
1091:The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs
432:. The genus name comes from the Latin
7:
884:
873:Tidwell, Carpenter & Meyer 2001
825:Tidwell, Carpenter & Meyer 2001
813:Tidwell, Carpenter & Meyer 2001
520:The scientists who first described
554:is more slender than the radii of
14:
5487:Topics in sauropodomorph research
5468:
5462:
5457:
5451:
4241:
4233:
4225:
3506:
3501:
2975:
2969:
2963:
2955:
2107:
2100:
2095:
2089:
1158:
416:Denver Museum of Natural History
322:
120:
5657:Taxa named by Kenneth Carpenter
5672:Aptian genus first appearances
530:, while still being distinct.
1:
5652:Fossil taxa described in 2001
1042:10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.06.004
801:DiCroce & Carpenter 2001
789:DiCroce & Carpenter 2001
5703:
5687:Sauropods of North America
5682:Early Cretaceous sauropods
837:Tidwell & Wilhite 2005
16:Extinct genus of dinosaurs
5492:
5481:
5449:
5351:
5148:
4870:
4788:
4757:
4681:
4287:
4283:
4268:
4255:
4222:
4140:
3825:
3660:
3551:
3547:
3532:
3519:
3499:
3051:
3016:
3001:
2988:
2952:
2878:
2389:
2294:
2290:
2153:
2149:
2134:
2121:
2087:
1956:
1888:
1703:
1604:
1498:
1494:
1356:
1352:
1337:
1324:
1274:
1261:
1209:
1099:10.1515/9781400836154.162
291:
284:
117:Scientific classification
115:
23:
5677:Albian genus extinctions
5507:List of sauropod species
1119:Mesozoic Vertebrate Life
1072:Mesozoic vertebrate life
449:Cedar Mountain Formation
420:Cedar Mountain Formation
744:) or concave on both (
534:is a relatively small
508:or its close relative
5614:Paleobiology Database
5497:Sauropod neck posture
5188:Opisthocoelicaudiinae
602:. The metacarpals of
595:Brachiosaurus brancai
430:Venenosaurus dicrocei
389:Venenosaurus dicrocei
298:Venenosaurus dicrocei
5662:Paleontology in Utah
410:Discovery and naming
5356:Dubious titanosaurs
2173:Chinshakiangosaurus
827:, pp. 140–141.
610:had a more gracile
579:Camarasaurus lewisi
5228:Opisthocoelicaudia
2300:Archaeodontosaurus
803:, p. 186–187.
569:Opisthocoelicaudia
477:forefoot phalanges
5629:
5628:
5601:Open Tree of Life
5528:Taxon identifiers
5519:
5518:
5515:
5514:
5477:
5476:
5447:
5446:
5443:
5442:
5439:
5438:
5364:Bruhathkayosaurus
5347:
5346:
5343:
5342:
5339:
5338:
5065:
5064:
4983:
4982:
4905:Panamericansaurus
4742:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4251:
4250:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4184:
4183:
3652:Titanosauriformes
3645:
3644:
3515:
3514:
3497:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3481:
3480:
3293:Brachytrachelopan
3248:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3022:Haplocanthosaurus
2984:
2983:
2950:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2883:Dubious sauropods
2874:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2374:
2373:
2275:
2274:
2210:Protognathosaurus
2117:
2116:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2060:
1688:
1687:
1589:
1588:
1479:
1478:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1081:978-0-253-33907-2
861:Britt et al. 2017
849:Britt et al. 2009
483:, left and right
313:
312:
265:
5694:
5622:
5621:
5609:
5608:
5596:
5595:
5583:
5582:
5570:
5569:
5568:
5555:
5554:
5553:
5523:
5483:
5472:
5466:
5461:
5455:
5353:
5235:Pellegrinisaurus
5146:
5101:
5080:Bustingorrytitan
5020:Futalognkosaurus
4868:
4786:
4755:
4679:
4662:Diamantinasauria
4554:Pellegrinisaurus
4460:Jiangshanosaurus
4351:Baotianmansaurus
4285:
4281:
4270:
4257:
4246:
4245:
4238:
4237:
4230:
4229:
4153:Diamantinasaurus
4138:
4133:Diamantinasauria
4072:Jiangshanosaurus
3823:
3658:
3549:
3545:
3534:
3521:
3510:
3505:
3366:
3259:
3191:Rebbachisaurinae
3152:
3049:
3044:Rebbachisauridae
3040:
3014:
3003:
2990:
2979:
2973:
2968:
2967:
2960:
2959:
2891:Bothriospondylus
2880:
2832:
2608:Eomamenchisaurus
2562:Mamenchisauridae
2542:Lapparentosaurus
2486:Spinophorosaurus
2387:
2292:
2288:
2151:
2147:
2136:
2123:
2112:
2111:
2104:
2099:
2093:
1954:
1886:
1789:Massospondylidae
1701:
1631:
1602:
1566:Jaklapallisaurus
1546:Thecodontosaurus
1496:
1492:
1354:
1350:
1339:
1326:
1272:
1263:
1256:
1255:
1211:
1196:
1189:
1182:
1173:
1168:
1166:Dinosaurs portal
1163:
1162:
1161:
1151:
1132:
1112:
1085:
1066:
1053:
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1011:
1005:
1002:
996:
993:
984:
981:
964:
961:
950:
947:
941:
938:
929:
926:
915:
912:
906:
903:
888:
882:
876:
870:
864:
858:
852:
846:
840:
834:
828:
822:
816:
810:
804:
798:
792:
786:
770:
767:
614:and radius than
451:, including the
380:) is a genus of
376:
372:
366:
365:
362:
361:
358:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
340:
337:
334:
331:
328:
300:
296:
277:V. dicrocei
259:
252:
239:
226:
210:
194:
125:
124:
110:
40:
31:Early Cretaceous
29:Temporal range:
21:
5702:
5701:
5697:
5696:
5695:
5693:
5692:
5691:
5667:Cretaceous Utah
5632:
5631:
5630:
5625:
5617:
5612:
5604:
5599:
5591:
5586:
5578:
5573:
5564:
5563:
5558:
5549:
5548:
5543:
5530:
5520:
5511:
5502:Sauropod hiatus
5488:
5473:
5435:
5372:Campylodoniscus
5335:
5256:
5182:
5135:
5105:Nemegtosauridae
5099:
5061:
4998:Argentinosaurus
4979:
4917:
4857:
4775:
4751:
4734:
4694:Atsinganosaurus
4674:Lirainosaurinae
4668:
4655:Xianshanosaurus
4540:Normanniasaurus
4526:Narambuenatitan
4409:Dongyangosaurus
4277:
4264:
4247:
4240:
4232:
4224:
4204:
4180:
4160:Sarmientosaurus
4127:
4080:Phuwiangosaurus
3999:
3812:
3727:Brachiosauridae
3721:
3654:
3641:
3614:
3541:
3528:
3511:
3477:
3407:
3355:
3263:Dicraeosauridae
3254:Flagellicaudata
3240:
3185:
3141:
3115:Nopcsaspondylus
3107:Maraapunisaurus
3036:
3034:Diplodocimorpha
3027:
3010:
2997:
2980:
2962:
2954:
2938:
2862:
2846:
2821:
2794:Tehuelchesaurus
2712:
2672:Tienshanosaurus
2556:
2505:
2493:Tehuelchesaurus
2383:
2370:
2349:Vulcanodontidae
2343:
2284:
2271:
2230:
2180:Gongxianosaurus
2143:
2130:
2113:
2106:
2057:
2037:
1943:
1902:Jingshanosaurus
1894:Chuxiongosaurus
1881:Sauropodiformes
1875:
1798:Adeopapposaurus
1783:
1756:
1697:
1684:
1629:
1598:
1585:
1551:
1488:
1475:
1409:
1346:
1344:Sauropodomorpha
1333:
1331:Sauropodomorpha
1308:
1294:Sauropodomorpha
1288:
1282:Avemetatarsalia
1267:Avemetatarsalia
1257:
1242:Avemetatarsalia
1216:
1215:
1205:
1203:Sauropodomorpha
1200:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1148:
1135:
1129:
1115:
1109:
1088:
1082:
1069:
1056:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1008:
1003:
999:
994:
987:
982:
967:
962:
953:
948:
944:
939:
932:
927:
918:
913:
909:
904:
891:
883:
879:
871:
867:
859:
855:
847:
843:
835:
831:
823:
819:
811:
807:
799:
795:
787:
783:
779:
774:
773:
768:
764:
759:
647:
624:
544:
536:titanosauriform
518:
442:
412:
374:
370:
325:
321:
309:
302:
294:
293:
280:
258:
250:
241:Brachiosauridae
237:
224:
208:
196:Sauropodomorpha
192:
119:
111:
109:
108:
107:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
35:
34:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5700:
5698:
5690:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5634:
5633:
5627:
5626:
5624:
5623:
5610:
5597:
5584:
5571:
5556:
5540:
5538:
5532:
5531:
5526:
5517:
5516:
5513:
5512:
5510:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5493:
5490:
5489:
5486:
5479:
5478:
5475:
5474:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5444:
5441:
5440:
5437:
5436:
5434:
5433:
5426:
5418:
5411:
5403:
5396:
5389:
5382:
5379:Clasmodosaurus
5375:
5368:
5359:
5357:
5349:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5337:
5336:
5334:
5333:
5326:
5319:
5312:
5305:
5298:
5294:Maxakalisaurus
5290:
5283:
5275:
5266:
5264:
5258:
5257:
5255:
5254:
5246:
5239:
5231:
5224:
5216:
5208:
5201:
5192:
5190:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5180:
5176:Quaesitosaurus
5172:
5165:
5157:
5149:
5143:
5137:
5136:
5134:
5133:
5125:
5121:Quaesitosaurus
5117:
5109:
5107:
5098:
5097:
5090:
5083:
5075:
5073:
5071:Saltasauroidea
5067:
5066:
5063:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5052:
5045:
5038:
5031:
5023:
5016:
5008:
5001:
4993:
4991:
4985:
4984:
4981:
4980:
4978:
4977:
4970:
4963:
4956:
4949:
4942:
4935:
4927:
4925:
4919:
4918:
4916:
4915:
4908:
4901:
4894:
4887:
4883:Maxakalisaurus
4879:
4876:Adamantisaurus
4871:
4865:
4859:
4858:
4856:
4855:
4848:
4840:
4833:
4826:
4822:Epachthosaurus
4818:
4811:
4804:
4797:
4794:Antarctosaurus
4789:
4783:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4766:
4758:
4752:
4749:Eutitanosauria
4747:
4744:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4725:
4722:Mansourasaurus
4718:
4711:
4704:
4697:
4690:
4682:
4676:
4670:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4658:
4651:
4644:
4637:
4630:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4601:
4597:Tastavinsaurus
4593:
4586:
4579:
4572:
4565:
4562:Petrobrasaurus
4558:
4550:
4543:
4536:
4529:
4522:
4515:
4508:
4504:Malarguesaurus
4500:
4493:
4485:
4478:
4471:
4464:
4456:
4449:
4442:
4435:
4431:Epachthosaurus
4427:
4420:
4412:
4405:
4398:
4391:
4384:
4377:
4369:
4361:
4354:
4347:
4344:Austroposeidon
4340:
4333:
4326:
4319:
4311:
4304:
4296:
4288:
4278:
4273:
4266:
4265:
4260:
4253:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4202:
4201:
4200:
4194:
4192:
4186:
4185:
4182:
4181:
4179:
4178:
4170:
4163:
4156:
4149:
4141:
4135:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4125:
4118:
4111:
4108:Tangvayosaurus
4104:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4018:
4009:
4007:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3990:
3987:Tastavinsaurus
3983:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3959:Pukyongosaurus
3955:
3948:
3941:
3938:Liubangosaurus
3934:
3926:
3923:Liaoningotitan
3919:
3912:
3904:
3897:
3890:
3883:
3876:
3869:
3862:
3855:
3848:
3845:Astrophocaudia
3841:
3834:
3826:
3820:
3818:Somphospondyli
3814:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3803:
3796:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3768:
3760:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3731:
3729:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3719:
3711:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3669:
3661:
3655:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3639:
3636:Lourinhasaurus
3632:
3624:
3622:
3620:Camarasauridae
3616:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3605:
3597:
3590:
3586:Dashanpusaurus
3582:
3575:
3567:
3560:
3552:
3542:
3537:
3530:
3529:
3524:
3517:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3475:
3468:
3461:
3454:
3446:
3439:
3432:
3429:Dinheirosaurus
3425:
3417:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3398:
3390:
3383:
3374:
3372:
3363:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3303:
3296:
3289:
3282:
3275:
3267:
3265:
3256:
3250:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3231:
3228:Rebbachisaurus
3224:
3217:
3210:
3203:
3195:
3193:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3175:
3168:
3160:
3158:
3149:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3132:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3103:
3100:Lavocatisaurus
3096:
3089:
3081:
3074:
3067:
3060:
3052:
3046:
3037:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3017:
3011:
3006:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2929:
2926:Qinlingosaurus
2922:
2915:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2886:
2884:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2859:(see below ↓ )
2856:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2843:(see below ↓ )
2840:
2838:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2812:
2805:
2798:
2790:
2782:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2754:
2746:
2738:
2730:
2722:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2668:
2665:Rhomaleopakhus
2661:
2654:
2647:
2644:Mamenchisaurus
2640:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2596:
2593:Chuanjiesaurus
2589:
2585:Cetiosauriscus
2581:
2574:
2566:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2546:
2538:
2530:
2523:
2515:
2513:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2496:
2489:
2482:
2475:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2447:
2440:
2437:Dashanpusaurus
2433:
2430:Cetiosauriscus
2426:
2419:
2412:
2405:
2398:
2390:
2384:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2361:
2353:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2337:Zizhongosaurus
2333:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2295:
2285:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2262:
2255:
2248:
2240:
2238:
2236:Lessemsauridae
2232:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2224:Tuebingosaurus
2220:
2213:
2206:
2198:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2154:
2144:
2139:
2132:
2131:
2126:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2047:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2032:Sefapanosaurus
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
2004:Melanorosaurus
2000:
1993:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1965:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1934:
1927:
1919:
1912:
1905:
1898:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1865:
1858:
1851:
1844:
1841:Massospondylus
1837:
1830:
1823:
1815:
1812:Glacialisaurus
1808:
1805:Coloradisaurus
1801:
1793:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1754:
1751:Tuebingosaurus
1747:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1712:
1704:
1698:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1675:
1668:
1665:Pachysauriscus
1661:
1654:
1651:Gresslyosaurus
1647:
1639:
1637:
1635:Plateosauridae
1628:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1610:Plateosauravus
1605:
1599:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1561:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1507:
1499:
1489:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1466:
1458:
1450:
1443:
1440:Chromogisaurus
1436:
1428:
1419:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1400:
1393:
1386:
1379:
1372:
1365:
1357:
1347:
1342:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1298:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1275:
1269:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1244:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1214:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1191:
1184:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1153:
1152:
1146:
1133:
1127:
1113:
1107:
1086:
1080:
1067:
1065:(11): 189–243.
1054:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1006:
997:
985:
965:
951:
942:
930:
916:
907:
889:
877:
875:, p. 139.
865:
853:
841:
839:, p. 188.
829:
817:
815:, p. 142.
805:
793:
791:, p. 185.
780:
778:
775:
772:
771:
761:
760:
758:
755:
646:
643:
623:
620:
543:
540:
517:
514:
441:
438:
411:
408:
311:
310:
303:
289:
288:
282:
281:
273:
271:
267:
266:
248:
244:
243:
235:
231:
230:
222:
215:
214:
206:
199:
198:
190:
183:
182:
177:
170:
169:
164:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
113:
112:
104:
103:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
41:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5699:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5639:
5637:
5620:
5615:
5611:
5607:
5602:
5598:
5594:
5589:
5585:
5581:
5576:
5572:
5567:
5561:
5557:
5552:
5546:
5542:
5541:
5539:
5537:
5533:
5529:
5524:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5491:
5484:
5480:
5471:
5467:
5465:
5460:
5454:
5432:
5431:
5427:
5424:
5423:
5422:Mongolosaurus
5419:
5417:
5416:
5412:
5409:
5408:
5407:Macrurosaurus
5404:
5402:
5401:
5397:
5395:
5394:
5390:
5388:
5387:
5386:Hypselosaurus
5383:
5381:
5380:
5376:
5374:
5373:
5369:
5366:
5365:
5361:
5360:
5358:
5354:
5350:
5332:
5331:
5327:
5325:
5324:
5320:
5318:
5317:
5313:
5311:
5310:
5306:
5304:
5303:
5302:Neuquensaurus
5299:
5296:
5295:
5291:
5289:
5288:
5284:
5281:
5280:
5276:
5273:
5272:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5263:
5262:Saltasaurinae
5259:
5252:
5251:
5250:Zhuchengtitan
5247:
5245:
5244:
5240:
5237:
5236:
5232:
5230:
5229:
5225:
5222:
5221:
5220:Dreadnoughtus
5217:
5214:
5213:
5209:
5207:
5206:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5194:
5193:
5191:
5189:
5185:
5178:
5177:
5173:
5171:
5170:
5169:Qingxiusaurus
5166:
5163:
5162:
5158:
5156:
5155:
5151:
5150:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5141:Saltasauridae
5138:
5131:
5130:
5126:
5123:
5122:
5118:
5116:
5115:
5114:Nemegtosaurus
5111:
5110:
5108:
5106:
5102:
5096:
5095:
5091:
5089:
5088:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5072:
5068:
5058:
5057:
5053:
5051:
5050:
5046:
5044:
5043:
5039:
5037:
5036:
5035:Mendozasaurus
5032:
5029:
5028:
5024:
5022:
5021:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5012:Dzharatitanis
5009:
5007:
5006:
5002:
5000:
4999:
4995:
4994:
4992:
4990:
4986:
4976:
4975:
4971:
4969:
4968:
4964:
4962:
4961:
4960:Gondwanatitan
4957:
4955:
4954:
4950:
4948:
4947:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4924:
4920:
4914:
4913:
4909:
4907:
4906:
4902:
4900:
4899:
4895:
4893:
4892:
4891:Muyelensaurus
4888:
4885:
4884:
4880:
4878:
4877:
4873:
4872:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4860:
4854:
4853:
4849:
4846:
4845:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4834:
4832:
4831:
4827:
4824:
4823:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4815:Chucarosaurus
4812:
4810:
4809:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4798:
4796:
4795:
4791:
4790:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4781:Colossosauria
4778:
4772:
4771:
4770:Menucocelsior
4767:
4765:
4764:
4760:
4759:
4756:
4753:
4750:
4745:
4731:
4730:
4726:
4724:
4723:
4719:
4717:
4716:
4712:
4710:
4709:
4708:Lirainosaurus
4705:
4703:
4702:
4698:
4696:
4695:
4691:
4689:
4688:
4684:
4683:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4671:
4664:
4663:
4659:
4657:
4656:
4652:
4650:
4649:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4636:
4635:
4631:
4629:
4628:
4627:Trigonosaurus
4624:
4622:
4621:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4610:
4607:
4606:
4602:
4599:
4598:
4594:
4592:
4591:
4590:Ruyangosaurus
4587:
4585:
4584:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4571:
4570:
4569:Pitekunsaurus
4566:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4544:
4542:
4541:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4521:
4520:
4519:Mnyamawamtuka
4516:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4506:
4505:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4497:Magyarosaurus
4494:
4491:
4490:
4489:Ligabuesaurus
4486:
4484:
4483:
4482:Laplatasaurus
4479:
4477:
4476:
4475:Karongasaurus
4472:
4470:
4469:
4465:
4462:
4461:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4443:
4441:
4440:
4436:
4433:
4432:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4416:Dreadnoughtus
4413:
4411:
4410:
4406:
4404:
4403:
4399:
4397:
4396:
4392:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4381:Borealosaurus
4378:
4375:
4374:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4362:
4360:
4359:
4358:Barrosasaurus
4355:
4353:
4352:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4339:
4338:
4334:
4332:
4331:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4312:
4310:
4309:
4305:
4302:
4301:
4300:Aegyptosaurus
4297:
4295:
4294:
4290:
4289:
4286:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4258:
4254:
4244:
4239:
4236:
4228:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4191:
4187:
4176:
4175:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4167:Savannasaurus
4164:
4162:
4161:
4157:
4155:
4154:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4146:Australotitan
4143:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4130:
4124:
4123:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4112:
4110:
4109:
4105:
4103:
4102:
4098:
4096:
4095:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4084:
4082:
4081:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4014:Australodocus
4011:
4010:
4008:
4006:
4005:Euhelopodidae
4002:
3996:
3995:
3994:Triunfosaurus
3991:
3989:
3988:
3984:
3982:
3981:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3973:Sauroposeidon
3970:
3968:
3967:
3963:
3961:
3960:
3956:
3954:
3953:
3952:Padillasaurus
3949:
3947:
3946:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3930:Ligabuesaurus
3927:
3925:
3924:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3913:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3873:Chubutisaurus
3870:
3868:
3867:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3856:
3854:
3853:
3849:
3847:
3846:
3842:
3840:
3839:
3835:
3833:
3832:
3828:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3809:
3808:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3797:
3795:
3794:
3790:
3788:
3787:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3750:Brachiosaurus
3747:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3728:
3724:
3717:
3716:
3712:
3710:
3709:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3698:
3696:
3695:
3691:
3689:
3688:
3687:Fushanosaurus
3684:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3675:
3674:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3648:
3638:
3637:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3621:
3617:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3598:
3596:
3595:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3571:Bashunosaurus
3568:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3546:
3543:
3540:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3518:
3509:
3504:
3474:
3473:
3469:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3414:
3410:
3404:
3403:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3394:Atlantosaurus
3391:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3371:
3370:Apatosaurinae
3367:
3364:
3362:
3358:
3352:
3351:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3336:Smitanosaurus
3333:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3324:
3323:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3307:Dyslocosaurus
3304:
3302:
3301:
3300:Dicraeosaurus
3297:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3279:Amargatitanis
3276:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3264:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3251:
3237:
3236:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3214:Katepensaurus
3211:
3209:
3208:
3207:Itapeuasaurus
3204:
3202:
3201:
3200:Demandasaurus
3197:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3181:
3180:
3176:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3165:Cathartesaura
3162:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3156:Limaysaurinae
3153:
3150:
3148:
3144:
3138:
3137:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3093:Histriasaurus
3090:
3087:
3086:
3085:Dzharatitanis
3082:
3080:
3079:
3078:Comahuesaurus
3075:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3019:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3008:Diplodocoidea
3004:
3000:
2996:
2995:Diplodocoidea
2991:
2987:
2978:
2974:
2972:
2966:
2958:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2912:Gigantosaurus
2909:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2849:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2836:Diplodocoidea
2833:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2779:Narindasaurus
2776:
2774:
2773:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2760:
2759:
2758:Losillasaurus
2755:
2752:
2751:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2707:Zigongosaurus
2704:
2702:
2701:
2700:Yuanmousaurus
2697:
2695:
2694:
2693:Xinjiangtitan
2690:
2688:
2687:
2686:Wamweracaudia
2683:
2681:
2680:
2679:Tonganosaurus
2676:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2636:Klamelisaurus
2633:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2615:Huangshanlong
2612:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2534:Ferganasaurus
2531:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2511:Cetiosauridae
2508:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2413:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2377:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2358:Tazoudasaurus
2355:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2315:Ohmdenosaurus
2312:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2278:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2217:Schleitheimia
2214:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2194:Leonerasaurus
2191:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2168:
2167:
2166:Blikanasaurus
2163:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2124:
2120:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2098:
2092:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2008:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1997:Leonerasaurus
1994:
1992:
1991:
1990:Lamplughsaura
1987:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1938:Yunnanosaurus
1935:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1834:Lufengosaurus
1831:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1773:
1772:
1771:Eucnemesaurus
1768:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1762:Riojasauridae
1759:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1720:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1691:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1644:Euskelosaurus
1641:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1592:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1518:Bagualosaurus
1515:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1486:Bagualosauria
1482:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1454:Pampadromaeus
1451:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1415:Saturnaliidae
1412:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1397:Pampadromaeus
1394:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1376:Gigantoscelus
1373:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1327:
1323:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1283:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1197:
1192:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1167:
1156:
1149:
1147:0-253-34542-1
1143:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1128:0-253-33907-3
1124:
1120:
1114:
1110:
1108:9781400836154
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1036:(1–2): 1–22.
1035:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1019:
1010:
1007:
1001:
998:
992:
990:
986:
980:
978:
976:
974:
972:
970:
966:
960:
958:
956:
952:
946:
943:
937:
935:
931:
925:
923:
921:
917:
911:
908:
902:
900:
898:
896:
894:
890:
886:
881:
878:
874:
869:
866:
862:
857:
854:
850:
845:
842:
838:
833:
830:
826:
821:
818:
814:
809:
806:
802:
797:
794:
790:
785:
782:
776:
766:
763:
756:
754:
751:
747:
743:
737:
735:
731:
727:
726:Gondwanatitan
723:
719:
715:
711:
706:
702:
700:
699:
698:Gondwanatitan
694:
693:
688:
687:
682:
681:
676:
675:
670:
669:
664:
663:
658:
657:
652:
644:
642:
640:
639:Brachiosaurus
636:
632:
628:
621:
619:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
596:
591:
587:
586:
581:
580:
575:
571:
570:
565:
564:
563:Chubutisaurus
559:
558:
553:
549:
541:
539:
537:
533:
529:
528:
523:
515:
513:
511:
507:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
440:Fossil record
439:
437:
435:
431:
427:
426:
421:
417:
409:
407:
405:
404:
399:
394:
391:. Fossils of
390:
386:
383:
379:
378:
364:
319:
318:
307:
301:
299:
290:
287:
286:Binomial name
283:
279:
278:
272:
269:
268:
263:
257:
256:
249:
246:
245:
242:
236:
233:
232:
229:
223:
220:
217:
216:
213:
207:
204:
201:
200:
197:
191:
188:
185:
184:
181:
178:
175:
172:
171:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
123:
118:
114:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
39:
32:
26:
22:
19:
5647:Macronarians
5566:Venenosaurus
5536:Venenosaurus
5535:
5456:
5430:Titanosaurus
5428:
5420:
5413:
5405:
5400:Loricosaurus
5398:
5393:Iuticosaurus
5391:
5384:
5377:
5370:
5362:
5330:Yamanasaurus
5328:
5321:
5314:
5307:
5300:
5292:
5285:
5277:
5271:Abditosaurus
5269:
5248:
5241:
5233:
5226:
5218:
5210:
5203:
5197:Abditosaurus
5195:
5174:
5167:
5159:
5152:
5129:Tapuiasaurus
5127:
5119:
5112:
5092:
5087:Titanomachya
5085:
5078:
5056:Puertasaurus
5054:
5047:
5042:Notocolossus
5040:
5033:
5027:Jiangxititan
5025:
5018:
5010:
5005:Drusilasaura
5003:
4996:
4989:Lognkosauria
4972:
4965:
4958:
4951:
4944:
4937:
4930:
4923:Aeolosaurini
4912:Rinconsaurus
4910:
4903:
4896:
4889:
4881:
4874:
4863:Rinconsauria
4850:
4844:Tengrisaurus
4842:
4837:Quetecsaurus
4835:
4828:
4820:
4813:
4806:
4799:
4792:
4768:
4761:
4727:
4720:
4715:Lohuecotitan
4713:
4706:
4701:Garrigatitan
4699:
4692:
4687:Ampelosaurus
4685:
4660:
4653:
4646:
4641:Uberabatitan
4639:
4634:Sonidosaurus
4632:
4625:
4618:
4611:
4605:Tengrisaurus
4603:
4595:
4588:
4581:
4576:Rapetosaurus
4574:
4567:
4560:
4552:
4545:
4538:
4531:
4524:
4517:
4512:Malawisaurus
4510:
4502:
4495:
4487:
4480:
4473:
4466:
4458:
4453:Huabeisaurus
4451:
4444:
4437:
4429:
4422:
4414:
4407:
4400:
4395:Choconsaurus
4393:
4388:Brasilotitan
4386:
4379:
4371:
4363:
4356:
4349:
4342:
4337:Atacamatitan
4335:
4330:Argyrosaurus
4328:
4321:
4313:
4306:
4298:
4293:Abdarainurus
4291:
4275:Titanosauria
4262:Titanosauria
4231:
4190:Titanosauria
4174:Wintonotitan
4172:
4165:
4158:
4151:
4144:
4120:
4115:Yongjinglong
4113:
4106:
4101:Tambatitanis
4099:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4070:
4065:Huanghetitan
4063:
4058:Huabeisaurus
4056:
4049:
4044:Gannansaurus
4042:
4035:
4028:
4022:Chiayusaurus
4020:
4012:
3992:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3964:
3957:
3950:
3943:
3936:
3928:
3921:
3916:Jiutaisaurus
3914:
3908:Jiangxititan
3906:
3901:Garumbatitan
3899:
3892:
3885:
3880:Dongbeititan
3878:
3871:
3864:
3857:
3852:Austrosaurus
3850:
3843:
3836:
3829:
3805:
3800:Venenosaurus
3799:
3798:
3791:
3786:Sonorasaurus
3784:
3777:
3772:Giraffatitan
3770:
3762:
3757:Cedarosaurus
3755:
3748:
3741:
3734:
3713:
3708:Pelorosaurus
3706:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3671:
3664:
3634:
3629:Camarasaurus
3627:
3607:
3601:Haestasaurus
3599:
3594:Europasaurus
3592:
3584:
3577:
3569:
3562:
3555:
3470:
3463:
3456:
3448:
3441:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3413:Diplodocinae
3402:Brontosaurus
3400:
3392:
3385:
3379:Amphicoelias
3377:
3361:Diplodocidae
3348:
3341:
3334:
3327:
3320:
3313:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3286:Bajadasaurus
3284:
3277:
3272:Amargasaurus
3270:
3233:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3205:
3198:
3179:Rayososaurus
3177:
3170:
3163:
3136:Zapalasaurus
3134:
3129:Xenoposeidon
3127:
3120:
3113:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3083:
3076:
3071:Campananeyen
3069:
3064:Amazonsaurus
3062:
3055:
3020:
2961:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2827:Neosauropoda
2814:
2807:
2800:
2792:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2763:
2756:
2748:
2742:Haestasaurus
2740:
2732:
2725:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2684:
2677:
2670:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2642:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2598:
2591:
2583:
2576:
2569:
2550:Patagosaurus
2548:
2540:
2532:
2525:
2518:
2500:Volkheimeria
2498:
2491:
2484:
2477:
2472:Perijasaurus
2470:
2465:Nebulasaurus
2463:
2456:
2449:
2444:Dystrophaeus
2442:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2416:Barapasaurus
2414:
2407:
2402:Asiatosaurus
2400:
2393:
2363:
2356:
2335:
2327:
2322:Rhoetosaurus
2320:
2313:
2306:
2298:
2266:Lessemsaurus
2264:
2257:
2250:
2245:Antetonitrus
2243:
2222:
2215:
2208:
2200:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2164:
2157:
2094:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1936:
1931:Yizhousaurus
1929:
1921:
1914:
1907:
1900:
1892:
1867:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1839:
1832:
1825:
1819:Ignavusaurus
1817:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1776:
1769:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1728:
1723:Ignavusaurus
1721:
1714:
1707:
1679:Yimenosaurus
1677:
1672:Plateosaurus
1670:
1663:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1624:Xixiposaurus
1622:
1615:
1608:
1596:Plateosauria
1578:
1571:
1564:
1557:Unaysauridae
1544:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1468:
1460:
1452:
1445:
1438:
1430:
1422:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1383:Guaibasaurus
1381:
1374:
1367:
1360:
1246:
1237:
1137:
1118:
1090:
1071:
1062:
1058:
1033:
1029:
1009:
1000:
945:
910:
880:
868:
856:
844:
832:
820:
808:
796:
784:
765:
750:Venenosaurus
749:
738:
734:Venenosaurus
733:
730:Malawisaurus
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
710:Cedarosaurus
709:
705:Venenosaurus
704:
703:
696:
690:
686:Cedarosaurus
684:
678:
672:
666:
662:Malawisaurus
660:
654:
648:
638:
627:Venenosaurus
626:
625:
616:Venenosaurus
615:
608:Cedarosaurus
607:
604:Venenosaurus
603:
600:Venenosaurus
599:
593:
590:Cedarosaurus
589:
583:
577:
573:
567:
561:
555:
552:Venenosaurus
551:
545:
532:Venenosaurus
531:
527:Cedarosaurus
525:
521:
519:
510:Cedarosaurus
509:
506:Venenosaurus
505:
501:Venenosaurus
500:
445:Venenosaurus
444:
443:
433:
429:
423:
413:
403:Cedarosaurus
401:
398:Venenosaurus
397:
393:Venenosaurus
392:
388:
317:Venenosaurus
316:
315:
314:
305:
297:
292:
276:
275:
261:
255:Venenosaurus
254:
253:
218:
202:
186:
173:
160:
25:Venenosaurus
24:
18:
5560:Wikispecies
5415:Microcoelus
5323:Saltasaurus
5309:Paralititan
5205:Alamosaurus
5094:Udelartitan
5049:Patagotitan
4946:Bravasaurus
4939:Arrudatitan
4932:Aeolosaurus
4898:Overosaurus
4830:Jainosaurus
4808:Bonitasaura
4729:Paludititan
4620:Traukutitan
4315:Angolatitan
4122:Yunmenglong
4087:Qiaowanlong
3980:Sibirotitan
3945:Oceanotitan
3887:Europatitan
3866:Brontomerus
3859:Brohisaurus
3831:Angolatitan
3764:Galvesaurus
3736:Abydosaurus
3701:Ornithopsis
3694:Fusuisaurus
3680:Eucamerotus
3579:Daanosaurus
3564:Aragosaurus
3465:Supersaurus
3387:Apatosaurus
3350:Tharosaurus
3221:Nigersaurus
3172:Limaysaurus
2933:Ultrasaurus
2809:Turiasaurus
2772:Moabosaurus
2765:Mierasaurus
2734:Bellusaurus
2718:Turiasauria
2658:Qijianglong
2622:Hudiesaurus
2600:Datousaurus
2520:Cetiosaurus
2479:Shunosaurus
2423:Bellusaurus
2395:Algoasaurus
2381:Eusauropoda
2329:Sanpasaurus
2282:Gravisauria
2202:Pulanesaura
2187:Isanosaurus
2159:Amygdalodon
2025:Pulanesaura
1983:Irisosaurus
1969:Anchisaurus
1949:Anchisauria
1923:Xingxiulong
1869:Xingxiulong
1862:Sarahsaurus
1778:Riojasaurus
1744:Sarahsaurus
1730:Kholumolumo
1573:Macrocollum
1511:Asylosaurus
1447:Nhandumirim
1424:Buriolestes
1390:Mbiresaurus
1362:Buriolestes
1020:Works cited
722:Aeolosaurus
718:Alamosaurus
714:Saltasaurus
692:Aeolosaurus
680:Saltasaurus
674:Alamosaurus
668:Aeolosaurus
651:titanosaurs
574:Saltasaurus
557:Alamosaurus
522:V. dicrocei
489:metatarsals
473:metacarpals
459:, the left
5636:Categories
5316:Rocasaurus
5243:Qunkasaura
5212:Baurutitan
4974:Shingopana
4801:Baalsaurus
4648:Volgatitan
4583:Rukwatitan
4547:Nullotitan
4533:Ninjatitan
4468:Kaijutitan
4439:Gandititan
4402:Daxiatitan
4365:Baurutitan
4308:Andesaurus
4199:see below↓
3894:Fukuititan
3838:Arkharavia
3793:Soriatitan
3743:Atlasaurus
3715:Rugocaudia
3673:Duriatitan
3609:Yuzhoulong
3557:Abrosaurus
3539:Macronaria
3526:Macronaria
3450:Kaatedocus
3443:Galeamopus
3436:Diplodocus
3422:Barosaurus
3329:Pilmatueia
3322:Lingwulong
3315:Kaatedocus
3235:Tataouinea
3147:Khebbashia
3122:Sidersaura
2852:Macronaria
2802:Tendaguria
2786:Oplosaurus
2750:Janenschia
2651:Omeisaurus
2527:Chebsaurus
2451:Janenschia
2365:Vulcanodon
2308:Kotasaurus
2259:Ledumahadi
2052:see below↓
2011:Meroktenos
1827:Leyesaurus
1716:Gyposaurus
1580:Unaysaurus
1539:Pantydraco
1504:Arcusaurus
1470:Saturnalia
1303:see below↓
1251:Dinosauria
1233:Sauropsida
777:References
746:amphicoely
742:amphiplaty
656:Andesaurus
585:C. grandis
228:Macronaria
180:Saurischia
167:Dinosauria
5279:Bonatitan
5161:Isisaurus
4967:Punatitan
4446:Hamititan
4424:Elaltitan
4373:Bonatitan
4094:Silutitan
4051:Gobititan
4037:Euhelopus
3779:Lusotitan
3472:Tornieria
3458:Leinkupal
3343:Suuwassea
3057:Agustinia
2905:Dinodocus
2898:Cardiodon
2629:Jingiella
2578:Anhuilong
2141:Sauropoda
2128:Sauropoda
2043:Sauropoda
2018:Mussaurus
1976:Camelotia
1855:Pradhania
1695:Massopoda
1462:Panphagia
1404:Panphagia
1219:Kingdom:
1050:0031-0182
885:Paul 2010
757:Footnotes
645:Vertebrae
457:vertebrae
425:Planicoxa
270:Species:
212:Sauropoda
140:Kingdom:
134:Eukaryota
36:112
5545:Wikidata
5287:Ibirania
4953:Caieiria
4763:Inawentu
3966:Ruixinia
3807:Vouivria
3666:Astrodon
2919:Neosodon
2409:Bagualia
2252:Ingentia
1962:Aardonyx
1909:Qianlong
1737:Musankwa
1709:Gryponyx
1617:Ruehleia
1532:Nambalia
1525:Efraasia
1432:Eoraptor
1369:Eoraptor
1227:Chordata
1225:Phylum:
1221:Animalia
493:chevrons
479:, right
463:, right
453:holotype
385:dinosaur
382:sauropod
304:Tidwell
260:Tidwell
234:Family:
154:Chordata
150:Phylum:
144:Animalia
130:Domain:
5606:4126610
5593:1255743
5580:4821913
5551:Q144253
4323:Arackar
2727:Amanzia
2571:Analong
2458:Jobaria
1916:Seitaad
1231:Class:
631:ischium
516:Anatomy
467:, left
461:scapula
295:†
274:†
247:Genus:
105:↓
4852:Vahiny
4613:Tiamat
4030:Erketu
1848:Ngwevu
1144:
1125:
1105:
1078:
1048:
728:, and
695:, and
677:, and
622:Pelvis
572:, and
548:radius
495:, and
485:ischia
465:radius
434:veneno
308:, 2001
306:et al.
264:, 2001
262:et al.
5619:66515
5588:IRMNG
1247:Clade
1238:Clade
653:like
635:pubis
542:Limbs
481:pubis
219:Clade
203:Clade
187:Clade
174:Clade
161:Clade
5575:GBIF
5154:Igai
1658:Issi
1280:see
1142:ISBN
1123:ISBN
1103:ISBN
1076:ISBN
1046:ISSN
633:-to-
612:ulna
582:and
546:The
497:ribs
469:ulna
369:ven-
44:PreꞒ
2816:Zby
1095:doi
1038:doi
1034:280
748:).
550:of
377:-əs
375:SOR
373:-o-
354:ɔːr
5638::
5616::
5603::
5590::
5577::
5562::
5547::
1249::
1240::
1101:.
1063:32
1061:.
1044:.
1032:.
988:^
968:^
954:^
933:^
919:^
892:^
736:.
724:,
720:,
716:,
689:,
671:,
665:,
659:,
641:.
618:.
588:.
566:,
560:,
512:.
491:,
487:,
475:,
471:,
371:EN
345:oʊ
221::
205::
189::
176::
163::
94:Pg
38:Ma
33:,
5425:?
5410:?
5367:?
5297:?
5282:?
5274:?
5253:?
5238:?
5223:?
5215:?
5200:?
5179:?
5164:?
5132:?
5124:?
5030:?
5015:?
4886:?
4847:?
4825:?
4665:?
4608:?
4600:?
4557:?
4507:?
4492:?
4463:?
4434:?
4419:?
4376:?
4368:?
4318:?
4303:?
4177:?
4075:?
4025:?
4017:?
3933:?
3911:?
3767:?
3718:?
3604:?
3589:?
3574:?
3453:?
3397:?
3382:?
3310:?
3182:?
3110:?
3088:?
2797:?
2789:?
2753:?
2745:?
2737:?
2639:?
2603:?
2588:?
2553:?
2545:?
2537:?
2340:?
2332:?
2303:?
2227:?
2205:?
2197:?
1926:?
1897:?
1872:?
1822:?
1465:?
1457:?
1435:?
1427:?
1195:e
1188:t
1181:v
1150:.
1131:.
1111:.
1097::
1084:.
1052:.
1040::
887:.
863:.
851:.
740:(
363:/
360:s
357:ə
351:s
348:ˈ
342:n
339:ɛ
336:n
333:ˌ
330:ɛ
327:v
324:/
320:(
251:†
238:†
225:†
209:†
193:†
99:N
89:K
84:J
79:T
74:P
69:C
64:D
59:S
54:O
49:Ꞓ
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