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front mill was built with an identical tower. The rear or western mill was built after the Civil War in 1867-68. The two buildings are connected by a center section spanning the wheel pits in the power canal. The rear mill has five stories and also has two towers on its eastern facade but without belfries. One the ends of each building are smaller structures originally used as picker houses, where raw cotton bales are first opened. As of June 2023, the mill and neighboring land was listed for sale on LoopNet for $ 6,000,000 by the current owner.
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432:, the Wauregan CDP has a total area of 1.7 square miles (4.3 km), of which 0.02 square miles (0.05 km), or 1.25%, are water. The CDP includes, in addition to the original village, the village of West Wauregan across the Quinebaug River in the town of Brooklyn, as well as tracts of open land to the north, newer residential development to the south, and modern commercial properties along Route 12.
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borrowed a large sum of money in order to be able to resume production but they didn't have enough working capital to repair and modernize their facilities. In 1957, James Arthur Atwood III, grandson of James S. Atwood, and the rest of the company directors decided to cease all operations resulting in the company's final closing.
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in the death of the New
England textile industry as cheap cotton goods flooded the U.S. market. Wauregan Mills tried to emphasize their capabilities in synthetic blend output and also to reduce labor costs by negotiating with the labor unions to eliminate certain fringe benefits. In August 1955, torrential rains from
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After World War II, Wauregan Mills entered a period of decline from which it never recovered. In the 1950s, free trade policies with Japan, which had modern equipment shipped to them by the U.S. as part of post-war reconstruction enabling them to produce fine cotton goods much more cheaply, resulted
556:
The main mill building, which is currently vacant, is H-shaped, with the first section (northern half of front mill) first constructed in 1853. This section has four stories and is about 250 by 50 feet (15 m) with a hoist tower topped with an
Italianate belfry. In 1858, the southern half of the
288:
James S. Atwood, who purchased the mill from
Lockwood in 1858, took particular interest in the village surrounding the mill, making it what he considered to be a "model hamlet" where his factory's employees "could find attractive and comfortable homes near their daily tasks." Under James S. Atwood's
610:
The former
Wauregan firehouse and clubhouse on Front Street is a two-story structure that was originally used by the Atwood Hose Company, which was organized in 1898. The upper floor was used as a reading room and the village jail was attached to this building. The building is now used as a coffee
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located at the crest of a ridge. The mill workers' houses are located along Walnut and
Chestnut streets just east of the mill site, while the supervisor's houses and the company store are located further east (and further up in elevation). The mill owners' houses and the church are even further up
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When James S. Atwood died, management of
Wauregan Mills was passed on to his twin sons, James Arthur and John Walter Atwood. The Atwood brothers continued to expand and improve the mill, which employed 325 men and 160 women and children as of 1917. The Atwood brothers successfully responded to the
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living together, 19.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.8% were non-families. 16.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.15.
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and nearby woodlands were also part of the mill operation. Atwood quadrupled the size of the factory, adding the south mill of the front block in 1859 and the entire rear block in 1867-68. The mill's labor force was around 750 people, with most living within the village. The mill would eventually
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In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 34.0% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 34.0% from 25 to 44, 15.6% from 45 to 64, and 7.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over,
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caused many dams along the
Quinebaug River to break, including the one at Wauregan. The mill was flooded to the level of the first floor ceilings. Workers tried to salvage as much cloth, raw materials and machinery as they could but ultimately the company lost more than $ 1,500,000. The company
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and rayon. In contrast to many larger, corporate-owned mills that were wedded to a particular product, the economic organization of
Wauregan Mills enabled its owner/managers to easily diversify and change its product mix to meet new demands resulting from competition from newer textile centers,
576:
The former company store, now occupied by the
Connecticut Mop Manufacturing Company, was built in 1875. The 2½-story building was designed with a combination of Italianate and Greek Revival styles and has a clapboard-covered, asphalt-shingled roof. The Greek revival style is highlighted by the
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elements with three of the surviving supervisor's houses exhibiting this style. The later houses (five surviving structures) are plainer-looking with some
Victorian detailing. These houses have fieldstone foundations and gable roofs. The main facade has a central double entrance under a wide,
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of 2000, there were 1,085 people, 378 households, and 288 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,211.5 inhabitants per square mile (467.8/km). There were 410 housing units at an average density of 457.8 per square mile (176.8/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 94.56%
425:; and on the north by the extension of the east-west portion of North Chestnut Street. The boundaries of the historic district exclude a large tract of open land to the north that the Wauregan company once owned. The district includes 114 buildings and structures.
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was one of the early buyers and built a manufacturing facility in Wauregan soon after the Wauregan company closed. All the debts of Wauregan Mill were eventually paid off in 1970. In 1974, C&M Corporation, a vertically integrated manufacturer of
277:, bought the water privileges and surrounding land at Wauregan. After the Wauregan Mills Company charter was approved by the Connecticut legislature in 1853, the first mill was constructed circa 1853-1854. Wauregan Mills was well known for its woven
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There are eight extant duplex supervisors' houses in the village that are located further uphill from the mill from the workers' houses. These supervisors' houses were built in two distinct time periods. The earliest houses were built with
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paneled corner pilasters while the Italianate detailing is shown by the cornice brackets and bracketed door hoods. The company store enabled workers to buy fresh food and milk that were produced in the company farm north of the village.
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leadership, Wauregan began to prosper. The mill was expanded, workers' houses were built, and several amenities to Wauregan village life were added. Worker housing in the village included 104 company-owned buildings containing 255
285:. Lockwood became the mill's first agent and recruited James S. Atwood as his superintendent, who became responsible for setting up all machinery and starting production. The principal product of Wauregan was cotton sheeting.
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James Arthur Atwood III was responsible for disposing of the company's assets to pay off their creditors. Land, the water company, and other properties were sold, and the mill rented to various tenants over the next decade.
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The modern fire house now used by the Atwood Hose Company was built in 1981 and is located on Route 205 further east from the original fire house. It is a two-bay cement block structure with brick front facade.
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style with its wooden trim worked to look like stone buttresses and corbelling. The church has since been demolished. The main facade had double entry doors under an arched portico. Above the portico was a
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Francois Bombardier and son Joseph's livery was at the end of S. Walnut Street. The livery rented out horses and carriages as well as supplied two hearses, one black and one white, for local funerals.
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The median income for a household in the CDP was $ 33,846, and the median income for a family was $ 30,795. Males had a median income of $ 33,224 versus $ 24,821 for females. The
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245:; James Atwood's home; the two boarding houses; the company store; and over one hundred workers' houses. Architectural styles represented include
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and east. The historic district covers an area of about 90 acres (360,000 m), roughly bounded on the east by Grove Street, Fountain Street,
421:, and South Chestnut Street; on the south by Third Street; on the west by South Walnut Street, a westward extension of First Street, and the
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in 1979. Extant buildings in the Wauregan historic district include the Wauregan Mill, an H-shaped building built from local
875:, Vol. 15, No. 59. (Oct. - Dec., 1902), pp. 240-267; Chamberlain's source appears to have been: Hodge, Frederick Webb, ed.
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Chamberlain, Alexander F. "Algonkian Words in American English: A Study in the Contact of the White Man and the Indian."
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The village is described as looking "much as it did in the 1850s." The Wauregan Historic District was listed on the
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competition of the newer, steam-powered mills by producing finer quality cotton goods such as shirting for the
381:, owned and occupied the former Wauregan Mills complex, where it operated as a production facility and as its
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There were 378 households, out of which 50.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.9% were
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910:, Archives & Special Collections at the Thomas J. Dodd Research Center, University of Connecticut, 2005
898:, Archives & Special Collections at the Thomas J. Dodd Research Center, University of Connecticut, 2004
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Town of Plainfield Plan of Conservation and Development (2008), Section XIII. Village Redevelopment
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reach a capacity of 56,616 spindles and 1,464 looms, with an annual output of eleven million yards.
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338:, instead of the traditional cotton sheeting. Wauregan Mills had a close working relationship with
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346:. This partnership led to the development of the technology to produce fabric made of a blend of
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crosses the river. The village extends eastward from the river up a gently rising slope towards
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for the CDP was $ 15,311. About 3.6% of families and 8.0% of the population were below the
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National Register of Historic Places nomination, Wauregan National Register District
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798:"Total Population: 2010 Census DEC Summary File 1 (P1), Wauregan CDP, Connecticut"
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Roughly bounded by CT 12, CT 205, Third St., Quinebaug River, and Chestnut St.,
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The village is centered on the former site of the mill on the east bank of the
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A 90-acre (360,000 m) portion of the original village area is listed as a
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was established in 1860. A company store was built in 1875 and operated with
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National Register of Historic Places listings in Windham County, Connecticut
385:. In 2014, the Wauregan Mill was sold to a real estate management company.
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214:. Wauregan and West Wauregan, across the Quinebaug in the town of
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word meaning "Pleasant Valley" Wauregan has a long history as an
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from the company. Another building in the mill village housed a
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879:, v. 2. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1910. p. 923.
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The Wauregan Congregational Church was built in 1873 in the
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598:. A bell tower also stood on the east of the main facade.
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Census-designated places in Windham County, Connecticut
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922:, C&M Corporation website], accessed July 18, 2009
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American Standard Company, Wauregan, CT Plant Records
945:, Town of Plainfield website, accessed July 17, 2009
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877:Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico
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671:flat-roofed portico and is six bays wide.
473:of any race were 3.87% of the population.
190:located in the northwestern corner of the
956:"2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files – Connecticut"
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896:Wauregan and Quinebaug Company Records
774:"National Register Information System"
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222:, with a population of 1,205 at the
206:, Wauregan was established around a
861:, Connecticut Historical Commission
832:, The Last Green Valley, Inc., 2007
1029:Municipalities and communities of
281:goods, including various types of
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1315:Central Village Historic District
249:and Late Victorian architecture.
218:, together comprise the Wauregan
873:The Journal of American Folklore
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1378:History of the textile industry
342:and was one of the pioneers of
606:Former firehouse and clubhouse
202:, United States. Originally a
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958:. United States Census Bureau
716:Frank Barber & Son Livery
156:Greek Revival, Late Victorian
857:Keiner, Harry (March 1979),
585:Former Congregational Church
269:, who was involved with the
29:United States historic place
1032:Windham County, Connecticut
982:United States Census Bureau
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430:United States Census Bureau
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235:Wauregan Historic District
40:Wauregan Historic District
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153:Architectural style
1368:Plainfield, Connecticut
485:there were 91.4 males.
220:census-designated place
102:Plainfield, Connecticut
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383:corporate headquarters
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978:"U.S. Census website"
830:The Mill Village Tour
784:National Park Service
703:J.S. Atwood residence
690:J.W. Atwood residence
650:Mill workers' housing
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591:High Victorian Gothic
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148:90 acres (36 ha)
129:41.74389°N 71.91056°W
1346:United States portal
804:. U.S. Census Bureau
639:Wauregan Post Office
596:stained glass window
404:, near where modern
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661:Supervisors' houses
291:tenement apartments
134:41.74389; -71.91056
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1339:Connecticut portal
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741:Connecticut portal
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361:Hurricanes Connie
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515:This section
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461:, 0.65% from
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247:Greek Revival
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236:
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227:
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217:
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197:
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174:Added to NRHP
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110:
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37:
33:
27:
19:
1284:
1265:Quasset Lake
1235:Lake Chaffee
1059:
1051:
1047:County seats
985:. Retrieved
972:
960:. Retrieved
950:
938:
927:
915:
903:
876:
872:
867:
858:
806:. Retrieved
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715:
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689:
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638:
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584:
571:
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521:adding to it
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494:poverty line
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483:
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436:Demographics
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353:World War II
334:, and later
328:
287:
257:Named for a
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234:
228:
204:mill village
183:
182:
83:Location in
26:
1307:communities
1290:Willimantic
1230:Lake Bungee
1197:Willimantic
1189:Former city
1054:Willimantic
987:January 31,
528:August 2010
463:other races
303:post office
265:. In 1850,
224:2010 census
208:cotton mill
200:Connecticut
132: /
108:Coordinates
89:Connecticut
1362:Categories
1115:Plainfield
1090:Canterbury
755:References
440:As of the
323:dairy farm
243:fieldstone
196:Plainfield
120:71°54′38″W
117:41°44′38″N
1270:Quinebaug
1179:Danielson
1150:Woodstock
1110:Killingly
962:April 16,
808:April 16,
419:Route 205
406:Route 205
396:Geography
392:in 1979.
311:firehouse
307:subsidies
1285:Wauregan
1220:Dayville
1215:Brooklyn
1140:Thompson
1135:Sterling
1130:Scotland
1100:Eastford
1085:Brooklyn
727:See also
467:Hispanic
457:, 0.55%
453:, 0.46%
449:, 1.29%
415:Route 12
410:Route 12
216:Brooklyn
184:Wauregan
168:79003789
97:Location
18:Wauregan
1171:Borough
1145:Windham
1120:Pomfret
1105:Hampton
1095:Chaplin
1080:Ashford
1062:Windham
319:library
283:flannel
259:Mohegan
253:History
188:village
1320:Fabyan
1260:Putnam
1245:Moosup
1125:Putnam
611:shop.
471:Latino
442:census
340:DuPont
279:cotton
233:, the
1305:Other
1072:Towns
459:Asian
447:White
365:Diane
336:rayon
186:is a
1207:CDPs
1058:and
989:2008
964:2021
810:2021
363:and
348:wool
321:. A
315:jail
192:town
145:Area
523:.
469:or
273:in
194:of
163:No.
1364::
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763:^
417:,
226:.
198:,
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1015:t
1008:v
991:.
966:.
812:.
530:)
526:(
91:.
20:)
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