386:
105mm howitzer for equipping close support tanks occurred from 1943. In reaction to fires following penetrating hits, applique armor was added to the outside of the hull. This was followed by internal modification with "wet stowage" jacketing the ammunition racks. Suspension was changed by the use of the stronger HVSS from mid-1944. HVSS had twice the number of wheels per bogie and individual wheels could be replaced without removing the bogie from the hull. Tracks were wider and vehicles had track covers that extended beyond the hull. Other hull modifications included a 47 degree angled glacis for simpler production, larger access hatches and a hatch for the loader and commander's cupola.
330:
897:
763:
362:
1136:
354:
1147:
566:– postwar nickname "Jumbo" – extra armor (including 1 inch on front, making it able to withstand shells from the German 88 millimeter guns), vertical sided turret, but about 3-4 mph slower at 22 mph. Built by Grand Blanc May-June 1944 with the T23 turret. Some rearmed with 76mm guns from damaged tanks. "Duckbill"-style extended end connectors (EECs) fitted to the outside edge of the tracks. Users: US, France (one vehicle)
747:
235:
346:
378:
25:
338:
755:
370:
247:
of the most important initial changes centered around up-gunning the basic vehicle. Improving the vehicle's mobility, protection, and creating specific variants for infantry-support roles soon followed. Similar modification of the main armament would be done by the
British, who received a number of Shermans through
582:) – nicknamed the "Easy Eight," from the E8 variation code identifying the HVSS suspension. Introduced in 1944, this was upgraded with widetrack HVSS, fitted with the 76mm M1A2 cannon, improved armor and firepower and wet stowed ammunition. The tank was still in service well after 1945, seeing service in the
648:
M4A4 hull with
Caterpillar D200A turbocharged, air-cooled radial multi-fuel engine adapted from Wright G200; composite cast/welded hull lengthened similarly to the M4A4; 75mm gun only. Only 75 of this variant were built (October 1943 – February 1944) due to problems with supply of engine and decision
385:
Over the course of production a number of improvements in the design were introduced. The turret of T20/T23 prototypes with its 76mm gun was adapted to the
Sherman and entered production in February 1944; M4 variants with this armament had the suffix "76mm" added to their designations. The use of the
246:
The many special duties that a tank might be made to do were just being explored by armies around the world in the early 1940s. Theories of what vehicles were supposed to be engaging enemy tanks changed as vehicles like the
Sherman often found themselves up against enemy armor, and consequently some
230:
spread across several manufacturers and several years. It was also the basis for a number of related vehicles and
Shermans have been modified by several nations, ranging from upgrades to complete hull conversions for another task. Originally designed in 1941, M4 variants were still used by Israel
1325:
There were two common civilian industrial conversions in Canada. The
Finning Corporation introduced a shortened chassis with a powerful hydraulic rock drill, which was able to navigate very rough terrain for road construction. The Madill Corporation found a ready market for a range of logging
474:
Diesel-powered with
General Motors Twin G-41 Engine; 75mm cannon. Users: USSR, Britain, France, Poland, US (mainly USMC). Later production units of the M4A2 used the modified 47° glacis with large drivers' hatches. This was in order to make escaping the tank easier, with some being fitted with
1321:
The M4 Sherman pattern enjoyed a lengthy post-war service all over the world. They were used well into the 1960s and 1970s by some nations, mainly in Africa and Latin
America. In some cases, the vehicles were converted for use in a variety of other roles from mobile artillery to ambulances.
832:
Upgrade of the M32 to provide the same capability with regards to heavier post-war tanks, converted from M4A3 HVSS tanks. In appearance, the M74 is very similar to the M32, fitted with an A-Frame crane, a main towing winch, an auxiliary winch, and a manual utility winch. The M74 also has a
572:– some M4A3s originally built with the 75mm turret were field upgraded with 76mm M1 gun for increased anti-armor capability. Not heavily pursued during WWII due to availability of other 76mm production tanks. The "E4" upgrade program was pursued by some postwar users of the M4A3 (75)W.
518:; welded hull and one piece cast nose; both 75mm and 76mm cannons used. Initial production from June 1942 was by Ford with Grand Blanc taking over in February 1944. Users: US, France (small numbers), Nicaragua (small numbers). The M4A3 was the preferred US Army vehicle.
524:– M4A3 with 75mm M3 gun, earlier 57° glacis with "dry" ammunition storage. Manufactured by Ford Motor Company and reserved mostly for training units in the USA. After 1945, many were remanufactured and sent to ETO to make up shortages due to 1944 losses of M4 Mediums.
301:
became the largest post-war user of
Sherman tanks, conducting extensive modifications to keep them in frontline service right up into the early 1970s as tanks, mobile artillery pieces, armored ambulances and many more versions. Many saw action in the 1967
777:
based on M4 chassis with turret and gun replaced by fixed turret. Equipped with 60,000 lb (27,000 kg) winch and an 18 feet long pivoting A-frame jib installed. An 81mm mortar was also added into the hull, primarily for screening purposes.
437:
Continental radial engine; one-piece cast hull; 75mm cannon. Last production units of the M4A1 used a modified hull with large drivers' hatches. Users: US, Britain, South Africa, Poland(M4A1(76)W), France (small numbers).
281:
of the
Sherman was used. Extensive work on creating mine-clearance devices to be attached to Shermans in some fashion was also conducted up until the end of the Second World War, such as the Sherman Crab mine-flail tank.
929:(76.2 mm) guns as the Sherman Firefly. Users: Britain, Poland, Canada. In late 1944, 88 M4s and M4A3s were upgraded with the 17-pounder gun at the request of the US Army, a small handful being issued the Italian theater.
658:
Variants without the M4 designation but built on the M4 medium chassis (While some began on the M3 chassis, some subvariants were switched to the M4 chassis during production. These are the models listed here):
542:– a highly improved variant of the Sherman with production numbers of 1,400 Built by Detroit Arsenal and 525 by Grand Blanc with improved armor, firepower, and a better gun with a higher velocity.
880:– 90mm gun mounted on M4A4 chassis. Design modified for dual anti-tank and anti-aircraft use as T53E1 with outriggers for stability. Order for 500 cancelled in 1944 after design rejected by both
460:– Late war remanufacturing featuring spaced out VVSS suspension, extended end connectors on both sides of the tracks. Some appeared in Europe before VE Day. Users: US, France, many postwar users.
530:– M4A3 with 75mm M3 gun. 47° glacis with large drivers' hatches. Shifted ammunition lockers to hull floor in water-glycol jacketed lockers to decrease risk of fire, known as "wet stowage".
321:
There are many variants of the Sherman, ranging from the M4, M4A1, M4A2, M4A3 and M4A4, which also encompass many sub-variants (such as the M4 (105) or M4A3E8 "Easy Eight", among others).
1326:
equipment using converted Sherman chassis. Perhaps the most spectacular were spar yarders with an extensible mast with various winches and cables to haul heavy logs up steep slopes.
1307:
program. Variants served in all theaters, and were the basis of a number of conversions for various uses, including armored personnel carriers and specialized engineering vehicles.
1213:– armed with 20 7.2" rockets in a box frame. Saw limited combat in 1944-45. A short variant of the T40 on M4A2 with 75mm gun removed was also developed, but saw little usage.
1255:
1598:
142:
1511:
413:– Upgraded with 105mm M4 Howitzer, designed for infantry support and assault, sacrificing anti-armor capability. 47° glacis with large drivers' hatches.
341:
M4A1 (cast hull). Note the rounded edges of its fully cast upper hull. Variants from the M4 and M4A1 share the same 9-cylinder radial engine profile.
881:
1477:
1557:
263:
497:
and widened 24 in (61 cm) tracks. Work began in March 1943, with 2 prototypes ready in summer the same year, which were tested at
1277:
42:
207:
420:
135:
614:
engine; welded, lengthened hull; 75-mm gun only as-built. Users: Britain, France, China, Lebanon (Firefly), Nicaragua (small numbers).
1536:
108:
873:– single 40mm autocannon with twin 0.5-inch machine guns in ball mount on M4 chassis. Project stopped in October 1944 after trials.
1187:– 60 4.6" rocket tubes in a frame that could be mounted above the M4 turret. Saw limited combat from August 1944 up to end of war.
867:– experimental vehicle. Turret with 105mm howitzer main gun and single 7.2 inch rocket projector each side on a M4A3 HVSS chassis.
487:– Upgraded with widetrack Horizontal Volute Spring Suspension (HVSS), fitted with the 76mm M1 gun. Users: USSR, Canada (post-WW2).
89:
957:– fitted with various mine exploding devices including plungers, rollers, mortars. Most of those remained experimental vehicles.
61:
128:
46:
68:
1168:– more formally "M4 with Cullin Hedgerow Device". Sherman tanks fitted with prongs to the front of the hull. Used during
983:) – Two forward units with five 10 ft (3.0 m) discs. Most widely used T1 variant, adopted as the M1. 75 built.
885:
824:
1512:
https://web.archive.org/web/20230203101926/https://www.woodbusiness.ca/madill-back-to-manufacturing-swing-yarders-2579/
848:– M32B1 TRV converted to an artillery tractor for heavy guns. 24 vehicles were converted by Chester Tank Depot in 1944.
904:
Rocket-firing, flame-thrower, mine-clearing, amphibious, engineer; mostly experimental (indicated by T instead of M).
696:
668:– self-propelled 105 mm Howitzer Motor Carriage (HMC) based on the M3, M4 and later M4A3 (M7B1) Sherman chassis.
75:
1151:
35:
1603:
772:
267:
259:
501:. The project was canceled due to the suspension proving unsatisfactory and field maintenance being too complex.
285:
After the Second World War, large numbers of surplus Shermans were supplied to other nations, most primarily to
57:
1292:
498:
329:
202:
1057:) – Steel plungers on a pivot frame designed to pound on the ground. Vehicle steering was adversely affected.
1129:– Based on the T4/T5's, but rigged to the hydraulic lift mechanism from the M1 dozer kit to control depth.
926:
679:
671:
611:
494:
1593:
1485:
1316:
407:– Later variation of the M4 which mated a cast front portion to the welded components of the rear hull.
1069:– Lightened version, but proved unsatisfactory because it jack-knifed and failed to explode all mines.
925:– About 2,000 M4s (Firefly IC) and M4A4s (Firefly VC) were re-armed by the British in 1944 with their
896:
762:
1033:– E1 variant, rotor replaced with steel drum of larger diameter. Development terminated at war's end.
917:) – Amphibious M4 Variant produced by US and British shops using M4A1, M4A2 and M4A4 donor vehicles.
1298:
1265:
1573:
1169:
1155:
719:
703:
274:
82:
361:
1099:– Direct modification to a Sherman tank, upgraded belly armor and reinforced tracks. Cancelled.
620:– Two M4A4s with a 105mm howitzer on T70 mount for testing. Resulted in the M4E5 pilot vehicle.
1553:
1532:
1499:
1269:
1135:
353:
174:
1268:. Four built and issued to 739th Tank Battalion, which was attached to the 29th Division for
1146:
1545:
921:
692:– self-propelled 155 mm GMC (Either M1A1 or M2 gun) based on the M4A3 (HVSS) chassis.
515:
252:
227:
169:
1117:– T5E1/E2 rigged to the hydraulic lift mechanism from the M1 dozer kit to control depth.
790:– M32B1s with HVSS, later removing the 81mm Mortar and incorporating crane improvements.
746:
481:– Upgraded with the 76mm M1 gun and 47° glacis with large drivers' hatches. Users: USSR
307:
234:
1243:– two box mounts each with 22 4.5" rockets, mounted either side of turret. Never used.
1231:– M4A1 with 7.2" Rocket launcher in place of main gun. T76E1 on M4A3 HVSS. Never used.
1587:
1084:
737:
315:
290:
1343:
1209:
1183:
1139:
1008:
445:
398:
184:
377:
345:
1077:– Remote control unit designed to be controlled by the following tank. Cancelled.
951:– Series of mine resistant Shermans based on the T14 kit. Cancelled at war's end.
554:– M4A3 with 105mm howitzer used for infantry support. 500 built April-August 1944
587:
303:
294:
24:
548:– as M4A3 (76mm) with HVSS. 1,445 built by Detroit Arsenal August-December 1944
1304:
1164:
1012:
909:
583:
337:
248:
220:
164:
151:
1578:
942:
854:– M10A1 Gun Motor Carriage converted to an artillery tractor for 240mm guns.
663:
1273:
1237:– M4A1 with rocket case instead of main gun developed from T76. Never used.
684:– cargo Carrier (an M12 with crew and ammunition space in lieu of the gun).
1303:
The M4 Sherman series were widely distributed to allied armies under the
1254:(USMC designation, US Army various designations) – M4s field modified by
730:– tank destroyer based on M4A3 Sherman hull and chassis; expedient model.
635:
1093:– 23 forward firing spigot mortars. Apparently effective, but cancelled.
318:
where they served on as the last fighting Shermans right up until 1989.
687:
278:
179:
833:
front-mounted spade that can be used as a support or as a dozer blade.
1173:
724:– tank destroyer based on M10A1 hull (M4A3 chassis); standard model.
591:
311:
298:
286:
1272:
in February 1945, where they cleared the Old Citadel in the town of
373:
M4A3E8 "Easy Eight" at the Patton Museum of Cavalry and Armor, 2003.
365:
M4A3E2 "Jumbo" with an extra inch of cast armor in the frontal hull.
1193:– T34 with 14 tubes instead of 12 in the bottom two units of frame.
754:
1145:
1134:
895:
761:
753:
745:
700:– self-propelled 8 inch HMC (standardized post-World War II).
454:– Upgraded with widetrack HVSS, fitted with the 76 mm M1 gun.
376:
369:
368:
360:
352:
344:
336:
328:
233:
120:
1459:
1457:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1264:– M4 tank modified with the flamethrower and fuel trailer from a
1225:– Similar to the T40, but with only 10 tubes on M4A1. Never used.
1111:– T4 variant w/ v-shaped plough. E1/E2 was a further improvement.
1021:– Based on British Scorpion flail. Development stopped in 1943.
594:
401:; welded hull. 75mm cannon. Users: US, Britain, Poland, France.
239:
223:
124:
18:
597:
tanks as well as being sold to many other US aligned nations.
935:. Field modification of the M4 to move double-track bridges.
1500:
https://laststandonzombieisland.com/tag/finning-tank-drill/
973:– Two forward units with 7 roller discs only. Experimental.
758:
M32A1B1 armored recovery vehicle at the Patton Museum, 2003
1276:. After the Rhine had been crossed, they were attached to
1199:– T34 modified to accept 7.2" rockets. Limited use in 1945
1047:– Frame with small rollers with two discs each. Abandoned.
967:) – Roller discs made from armor plate. Used with M32 TRV.
1322:
Conversions were also made for use in civilian industry.
945:
mount) dozer blade. Some tanks had their turrets removed.
714:– Same as the M10, but based on the M4A3 Sherman chassis.
649:
to rationalize engines used and none were used in combat.
238:
Sherman ARV MK I, Recovery vehicle, photographed around
1001:– T1E3/M1 w/ serrated edged roller discs. Experimental.
231:
during the 1967 and 1973 wars with its Arab neighbors.
1205:– Enclosed box mount with doors, with 20 7.2" rockets.
1105:– Plough device. Developed during 1942, but abandoned.
676:– self-propelled 155 mm Gun Motor Carriage (GMC).
1027:– T3 w/ longer arms and sand filled rotor. Cancelled.
810:– M32B3s brought to the same standard as the M32A1B1.
590:
deployed in early cold war theatres of war to combat
258:
Many early variants of the Sherman were converted to
708:– tank destroyer based on the M4A2 Sherman chassis.
1123:– Based on the v-shape/T5, unable to control depth.
840:
M74B1 – Same as the M74, but converted from M32B3s.
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
736:– tank destroyer based on M10 hull (M4A2 chassis,
255:tank (armed with a powerful 17-pounder tank gun).
1463:
1448:
1414:
1402:
1385:
1368:
493:– A prototype of the M4A2 featuring independent
1293:Lend-Lease Sherman tanks § Allied variants
634:Designation assigned but not used for Canadian
1428:Sherman: A History of the American Medium Tank
1258:with flamethrowers for use in Pacific theater.
900:M4 with 105 mm howitzer and an M1 dozer blade.
226:was produced in several variants, a result of
1219:– very short tube variant of T34. Never used.
136:
8:
251:during the course of the war, producing the
1484:. Vol. 32, no. 15. Archived from
1529:British And American Tanks Of World War II
995:– T1E3/M1 w/ smaller wheels. Experimental.
143:
129:
121:
1527:Chamberlain, Peter; Ellis, Chris (1981),
1256:Chemical Warfare Service Flame Tank Group
310:. Similar modifications and purchases of
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
475:springs to assist in opening the hatch.
1599:World War II tanks of the United States
1335:
1350:. Tank Encyclopedia. 28 November 2014
1176:hedgerows. Attached to many subtypes.
7:
1063:– 6' Roller. Difficult to maneuver.
47:adding citations to reliable sources
1007:– American designation for British
941:– fitted with M1 (side arm) or M2 (
421:Horizontal volute spring suspension
1552:. San Rafael: Taurus Enterprises.
14:
878:90mm Gun Motor Carriage T53/T53E1
1574:T1E1 Earthworm at Lonesentry.com
1210:Rocket launcher T40/M17 WhizBang
955:Mine exploders / mine excavators
665:105mm Howitzer Motor Carriage M7
314:-modified Shermans were done in
23:
1087:to set off mines. Experimental.
871:Multiple Gun Motor Carriage T52
697:8in Howitzer Motor Carriage M43
399:Continental R-975 radial engine
34:needs additional citations for
1184:Rocket launcher T34 (Calliope)
892:US Special Attachment variants
560:– Upgraded with widetrack HVSS
536:– Upgraded with widetrack HVSS
1:
1179:Rocket launcher attachments:
1041:– British Crab II mine flail.
808:Tank recovery vehicle M32A1B3
804:– M32s converted from M4A3s.
788:Tank recovery vehicle M32A1B1
784:– M32s converted from M4A1s.
734:90mm Gun Motor Carriage M36B2
728:90mm Gun Motor Carriage M36B1
279:amphibious "swimming" version
277:by Allied forces in 1944, an
16:Tank variants of World War II
1531:(Second US ed.), Arco,
1464:Chamberlain & Ellis 1981
1449:Chamberlain & Ellis 1981
1415:Chamberlain & Ellis 1981
1403:Chamberlain & Ellis 1981
1386:Chamberlain & Ellis 1981
1369:Chamberlain & Ellis 1981
1241:Multiple rocket launcher T99
977:Mine exploder T1E3/M1 roller
818:– M32s converted from M4A4s.
798:– M32s converted from M4A2s.
712:3in Gun Motor Carriage M10A1
689:155mm Gun Motor Carriage M40
673:155mm Gun Motor Carriage M12
1510:accessed 8 September 2023,
1498:Accessed 8 September 2023,
1280:but saw little further use.
816:Tank recovery vehicle M32B4
802:Tank recovery vehicle M32B3
796:Tank recovery vehicle M32B2
782:Tank recovery vehicle M32B1
721:90mm Gun Motor Carriage M36
448:and large drivers' hatches.
1620:
1314:
1296:
1290:
1142:Rocket launcher in France.
705:3in Gun Motor Carriage M10
268:armoured recovery vehicles
260:armored personnel carriers
999:Mine exploder T1E6 roller
993:Mine exploder T1E5 roller
987:Mine exploder T1E4 roller
971:Mine exploder T1E2 roller
961:Mine exploder T1E1 roller
825:M74 tank recovery vehicle
773:Tank recovery vehicle M32
766:M74 tank recovery vehicle
654:US Sherman-based vehicles
193:
160:
1344:"Medium Tank M4 Sherman"
1031:Mine exploder T3E2 flail
1025:Mine exploder T3E1 flail
933:M4 Mobile Assault Bridge
499:Aberdeen Proving Grounds
1579:Sherman Minutia website
1127:Mine excavator T2/E1/E2
1109:Mine excavator T5/E1/E2
273:In preparation for the
1476:Zaloga, Steve (2002).
1348:The Online Tank Museum
1159:
1143:
1019:Mine exploder T3 flail
1005:Mine exploder T2 flail
901:
767:
759:
751:
612:Chrysler A57 multibank
495:Torsion bar suspension
382:
374:
366:
358:
350:
342:
334:
243:
1317:Postwar Sherman tanks
1197:Rocket launcher T34E2
1191:Rocket launcher T34E1
1172:for breaking through
1150:A M4A3R3 used by the
1149:
1138:
899:
765:
757:
749:
380:
372:
364:
356:
348:
340:
332:
237:
58:"M4 Sherman variants"
1278:2nd Armored Division
1262:M4 Sherman Crocodile
1235:Rocket launcher T105
43:improve this article
1478:"Sherman Crocodile"
1266:Churchill Crocodile
1229:Rocket launcher T76
1223:Rocket launcher T73
1217:Rocket launcher T72
1203:Rocket launcher T39
1115:Mine excavator T5E3
1083:– 6 forward firing
865:Demolition tank T31
740:); expedient model.
564:M4A3E2 Assault Tank
516:Ford GAA V-8 engine
242:in July–August 1944
1482:Military Modelling
1417:, p. 118-119.
1371:, p. 117-118.
1287:Lend-Lease service
1170:battle of Normandy
1160:
1156:Battle of Iwo Jima
1144:
1067:Mine exploder T9E1
989:– 16 roller discs.
902:
768:
760:
752:
383:
375:
367:
359:
351:
343:
335:
275:invasion of Europe
244:
1559:978-0-89141-080-5
1426:R. P. Hunnicutt,
1311:Post-war variants
1270:Operation Grenade
1121:Mine excavator T6
1103:Mine excavator T4
1097:Mine exploder T14
1091:Mine exploder T12
1081:Mine exploder T11
1075:Mine exploder T10
681:Cargo Carrier M30
446:76 mm M1 gun
216:
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119:
118:
111:
93:
1611:
1604:M4 Sherman tanks
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1359:
1357:
1355:
1340:
1299:Hobart's Funnies
1248:Flame throwers:
1061:Mine exploder T9
1051:Mine exploder T8
1045:Mine exploder T7
1039:Mine exploder T4
645:
644:
631:
630:
608:
607:
512:
511:
471:
470:
444:– Upgraded with
434:
433:
208:Postwar Shermans
154:
145:
138:
131:
122:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
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1342:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1319:
1313:
1301:
1295:
1289:
922:Sherman Firefly
894:
852:M35 prime mover
846:M34 prime mover
776:
656:
642:
641:
628:
627:
605:
604:
509:
508:
468:
467:
431:
430:
419:– M4(105) with
392:
390:US M4 sub-types
327:
253:Sherman Firefly
228:mass production
217:
212:
189:
156:
153:M4 Sherman tank
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95:
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1568:External links
1566:
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1564:
1558:
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1537:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1503:
1491:
1488:on 2018-01-05.
1468:
1466:, p. 125.
1453:
1451:, p. 127.
1432:
1419:
1407:
1405:, p. 118.
1390:
1388:, p. 116.
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1331:
1328:
1315:Main article:
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1291:Main article:
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60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1594:Medium tanks
1549:
1528:
1506:
1494:
1486:the original
1481:
1471:
1427:
1422:
1410:
1364:
1352:. Retrieved
1347:
1338:
1324:
1320:
1302:
1261:
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1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
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1140:T34 Calliope
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1009:Sherman Crab
1004:
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970:
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920:
915:Duplex drive
914:
908:
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888:of US Army.
877:
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864:
859:Experimental
858:
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451:
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417:M4(105) HVSS
416:
410:
405:M4 Composite
404:
384:
320:
284:
272:
257:
245:
218:
197:
185:T34 Calliope
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1354:26 February
1154:during the
981:Aunt Jemima
750:M32A3B1 TRV
588:Vietnam War
325:US variants
308:October War
304:Six-Day War
295:Middle East
1588:Categories
1521:References
1305:Lend-Lease
1297:See also:
1013:mine flail
927:17-pounder
910:Sherman DD
584:Korean War
479:M4A2(76)W
357:M4A2 HVSS.
249:Lend-Lease
221:M4 Sherman
203:Lend-Lease
165:M4 Sherman
99:March 2015
69:newspapers
965:Earthworm
949:T15/E1/E2
943:hydraulic
886:AA branch
552:M4A3(105)
528:M4A3(75)W
522:M4A3(75)D
442:M4A1(76)W
306:and 1973
264:Kangaroos
262:(called "
1548:(1978).
939:M4 Dozer
636:Ram tank
540:M4A3(76)
333:M4(105).
293:and the
198:Variants
1550:Sherman
423:(HVSS).
411:M4(105)
312:Israeli
180:DD tank
175:Grizzly
170:Firefly
83:scholar
1556:
1535:
1274:Jülich
1252:M4A3R5
1174:bocage
738:diesel
618:M4A4E1
592:Soviet
580:M4A3E8
570:M4A3E4
491:M4A2E4
458:M4A1E9
299:Israel
287:Africa
266:") or
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1330:Notes
1165:Rhino
381:M4A4.
90:JSTOR
76:books
1554:ISBN
1533:ISBN
1356:2021
1152:USMC
884:and
643:M4A6
629:M4A5
606:M4A4
595:T-34
510:M4A3
469:M4A2
432:M4A1
349:M4A2
240:Caen
224:tank
219:The
62:news
45:by
1590::
1480:.
1456:^
1435:^
1393:^
1376:^
1346:.
1011:I
586:,
395:M4
297:.
289:,
270:.
1562:.
1358:.
1158:.
1053:(
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979:(
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913:(
638:.
578:(
144:e
137:t
130:v
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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