745:
63:
686:
678:
160 million subjects, 23 percent of world's population. The
Dynasty's power rapidly dwindled during the 18th century with internal dynastic conflicts, incompatible monarchs, foreign invasions from Persians and Afghans, as well as revolts from Marathas, Sikh, Rajputs and regional Nawabs. The power of the last emperor was limited only to the
422:
through marriage and common ancestry. Many of the later Mughal emperors had significant Indian Rajput and
Persian ancestry through marriage alliances as emperors were born to Rajput and Persian princesses. Akbar, for instance, was half-Persian (his mother was of Persian origin), Jahangir was
677:
Around 1700, the dynasty was ruling the wealthiest empire in the world, with also the largest military on earth. Mughals had approximately 24 percent share of world's economy and a military of one million soldiers. At that time the
Mughals ruled almost the whole of the South Asia with
856:, he still believes that the government will release properties of the erstwhile Mughals to the legal heirs. He also demands restoration of scholarships for Mughal descendants, that was discontinued by the government a while back. He wants that amount be raised to
802:
governed the empire's entire territory with complete sovereignty, that only one person at a time could be the
Emperor, and that every male member of the dynasty was hypothetically eligible to become Emperor, even though an
815:. To go into greater detail about these processes, the history of succession between Emperors can be divided into two eras: Era of Imperial successions (1526–1713) and Era of Regent successions (1713–1857).
696:
Many of the
Mughals had significant Indian Rajput and Persian ancestry through marriage alliances as they were born to Rajput and Persian princesses. Mughals played a great role in the flourishing of
724:; all were flourished during Mughal era. Mughals were not only guardians of art and culture but they also took interest in these fields personally. Emperor Babur, Aurangzeb and
570:
was applied to them in India by association with the
Mongols and to distinguish them from the Afghan elite which ruled the Delhi Sultanate. The term remains disputed by
1884:
692:; represents all the descendants mentioned in written sources and verbal sources found and researched in the New Era. Contains male issues only.
1973:
1944:
1833:
1816:
1710:
1683:
1656:
1629:
1602:
1575:
1500:
1397:
1334:
1304:
1277:
1250:
1188:
1135:
1103:
1045:
992:
965:
923:
1381:
1379:
860:
8,000 and that the government should grant the economically depressed Mughal descendants the money for their upliftment. Tucy has two sons.
1014:
463:
1936:
1543:
1470:
1360:
1076:
385:
from its inception in 1526 till the early eighteenth century, and then as ceremonial suzerains over much of the empire until 1857.
863:
Yaqoob
Ziauddin Tucy also has a younger brother Yaqoob Shajeeuddin Tucy. Shajeeuddin Tucy has served the country as a part of the
1858:
1673:
1675:
Perspectives on Indo-Islamic
Civilization in Mughal India: Historiography, Religion and Politics, Sufism and Islamic Renewal
1909:
635:
were influenced by Mughal dynasty historiography, as he found out the literal structure similarities of
Hikayat Aceh with
450:. However, even in the declining era, the Mughal Emperor continued to be the highest manifestation of sovereignty on the
1448:
1988:
1195:
In India the dynasty always called itself
Gurkani, after Temür's title Gurkân, the Persianized form of the Mongolian
1093:
1022:
639:, as the former has shared the similar theme with the latter about the lifetime and exploits of the protagonist of
67:
807:
was appointed several times in dynastic history. The certain processes through which imperial princes rose to the
419:
744:
1978:
852:
Yaqoob Ziauddin Tucy is a sixth generation descendant of the last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar. Living in
479:
1423:
1963:
1349:
Kissling, H. J.; N. Barbour; Bertold Spuler; J. S. Trimingham; F. R. C. Bagley; H. Braun; H. Hartel (1997).
674:, the dynasty reached its zenith in terms of geographical extent, economy, military and cultural influence.
363:
337:
112:
700:(Indo-Islamic civilization). Mughals were also great patrons of art, culture, literature and architecture.
1968:
1525:
879:. He lives in Hyderabad along with his two sons Yaqoob Muzammiluddin Tucy and Yaqoob Mudassiruddin Tucy.
849:
has claimed that her late husband, Mirza Mohammad Bedar Bakht was the great-grandson of Bahadur Shah II.
30:
This article is about the historical imperial family. For the territorial state over which it ruled, see
1389:
The Heritage of Traditional Malay Literature: A Historical Survey of Genres, Writings and Literary Views
785:
505:
619:
and ultimately moved towards the Indian subcontinent. Mughal rule was interrupted for 16 years by the
697:
145:
62:
781:
705:
451:
1411:...author shares T. Iskandar's opinion that Hikayat Aceh was influenced by Mughal historiography..
685:
1983:
1751:
475:
435:
431:
987:. Vol. 3: The Gunpowder Empires and Modern Times. University of Chicago Press. p. 62.
831:, who produced children. This makes it difficult to identify all the offspring of each emperor.
1940:
1812:
1743:
1706:
1679:
1652:
1646:
1625:
1619:
1598:
1592:
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1393:
1356:
1350:
1330:
1300:
1294:
1273:
1246:
1184:
1170:
1131:
1099:
1072:
1041:
1035:
1008:
988:
961:
919:
905:
155:
1529:
1267:
1240:
1062:
982:
1735:
1236:
864:
663:
575:
352:
326:
210:
1452:
1018:
839:
733:
713:
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659:
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392:
374:
269:
259:
254:
132:
82:
35:
1492:
Development Centre Studies The World Economy Historical Statistics: Historical Statistics
615:. After losing his ancestral domains in Central Asia, Babur first established himself in
1486:
808:
799:
717:
709:
632:
459:
447:
412:
313:
102:
1180:
915:
566:. The Mughal dynasty's early followers were Chagatai Turks, and not Mongols. The term
1957:
1913:
1320:
812:
804:
721:
689:
518:
478:
deposed the imperial family and abolished the empire on 21 September 1857 during the
439:
427:
400:
382:
220:
150:
31:
1387:
470:
leaders took part in ceremonial acknowledgements of the Emperor as the sovereign of
418:(died 1227) on his mother's side, and Babur's ancestors had other affiliations with
1123:
876:
857:
725:
628:
443:
415:
389:
190:
180:
92:
1702:
Librarianship and Library Science in India: An Outline of Historical Perspectives
1700:
1456:
1324:
944:, 'son-in-law,' a title Temür assumed after his marriage to a Genghisid princess.
1119:
872:
571:
483:
467:
291:
285:
647:. Braginskiĭ also found the similarities in structure of both Hikayat Aceh and
627:'s reign. It is also though by Russian linguist, Vladimir Braginskiĭ, That the
1783:"Not just the last Mughal: Three ghazals by Bahadur Shah Zafar, the poet king"
1201:, 'son-in-law,' a title he assumed after his marriage to a Genghisid princess.
769:
761:
667:
620:
612:
545:
471:
236:
160:
17:
1747:
1726:
Dimand, Maurice S. (1944). "The Emperor Jahangir, Connoisseur of Paintings".
1515:
Art of Mughal Warfare." Art of Mughal Warfare. Indiannetzone, 25 August 2005.
871:, Uzbekistan along with his two elder brothers. He frequently travels to the
1535:
1462:
1174:
1068:
909:
853:
753:
679:
671:
652:
426:
During much of the Empire's history, the emperor functioned as the absolute
264:
232:
165:
423:
half-Rajput and quarter-Persian, and Shah Jahan was three-quarters Rajput.
868:
824:
773:
729:
599:
The Mughal empire is conventionally said to have been founded in 1526 by
396:
228:
224:
215:
1755:
846:
777:
662:
around the 1580s which lasted until the 1740s, until shortly after the
624:
608:
561:
501:
170:
54:
200:
175:
51:
1782:
1739:
1095:
Mughal Empire in India: A Systematic Study Including Source Material
798:
The Mughal dynasty operated under several basic premises: that the
1166:
901:
835:
828:
765:
757:
749:
743:
684:
644:
616:
600:
535:
455:
408:
404:
378:
205:
122:
827:. Besides their wives, they also had several concubines in their
1859:"Destitute Mughal empire 'heir' demands India 'return' Red Fort"
534:), a reference to their descent from the Turco-Mongol conqueror
195:
185:
446:
and the empire became divided into many regional kingdoms and
1326:
Emperors of the Peacock Throne: The Saga of the Great Moghuls
403:
and its successor states) bloodlines. The dynasty's founder,
845:
Another woman named Sultana Begum who lives in the slums of
732:
was a great painter, Shah Jahan was a great architect while
407:(born 1483), was a direct descendant of the Asian conqueror
1939:. Vol. I:4. Cambridge University Press. p. 368.
1245:. Vol. 3. University of Chicago Press. p. 62.
1231:
1229:
1227:
768:
and Babur, with Abu Sa'id of Samarkand and Timur's son,
1424:"BBC - Religions - Islam: Mughal Empire (1500s, 1600s)"
1128:
Modern South Asia: History, Culture, Political Economy
539:
529:
368:
342:
223:(Title), special title for a distinguished branch of
1570:. University of Missouri Press. pp. ix, x, 84.
838:
named Habeebuddin Tucy claims to be a descendant of
1176:
The Baburnama: Memoirs of Babur, Prince and Emperor
911:
The Baburnama: Memoirs of Babur, Prince and Emperor
309:
301:
278:
247:
138:
128:
118:
108:
98:
88:
78:
45:
489:The British tried and convicted the last emperor,
1811:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. p. 44.
1648:The Foundations of the Composite Culture in India
1037:The Foundations of the Composite Culture in India
960:. National Geographic Society. pp. 318–320.
524:The Mughal designation for their own dynasty was
1293:Huskin, Frans Husken; Dick van der Meij (2004).
1621:Dynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300–1800
1215:God and Logic in Islam: The Caliphate of Reason
1196:
1010:Dynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300–1800
958:National Geographic Visual History of the World
939:
442:much of the power shifted to the office of the
842:, but his claim is not universally believed.
658:The Mughal imperial structure was founded by
8:
1153:Justice System and Mutinies in British India
1531:The European Union and Global Social Change
1296:Reading Asia: New Research in Asian Studies
482:. The UK declared the establishment of the
1272:. Cambridge University Press. p. 20.
930:In India the dynasty always called itself
388:The Mughals originated as a branch of the
357:
331:
61:
1931:Asher, Catherine Ella Blanshard (2003) .
1885:"Royal descendant struggles for survival"
938:, the Persianized form of the Mongolian
560:in English) is the Indo-Persian form of
411:(1336–1405) on his father's side and of
1728:The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin
1130:(2nd ed.). Routledge. p. 41.
893:
1672:Alvi, Sajida Sultana (2 August 2012).
1568:The Rajput Rebellion Against Aurangzeb
1269:Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective
748:Group portrait of Mughal rulers, from
42:
1768:
811:, however, were very specific to the
780:, and two of Timur's other offspring
544:'son-in-law' after his marriage to a
7:
1594:A History of Modern India, 1480–1950
1179:. New York: Modern Library. p.
1034:Mohammada, Malika (1 January 2007).
914:. New York: Modern Library. p.
760:seated in the middle. On the right:
1781:Bilal, Maaz Bin (9 November 2018).
578:view, the dynasty should be called
356:
330:
1937:The New Cambridge History of India
1910:"Monumental issue Uae – Gulf News"
1883:Baseerat, Bushra (27 April 2010).
1597:. Anthem Press. pp. 172–173.
1495:. OECD Publishing. pp. 256–.
1098:. Atlantic Publishers & Dist.
25:
1834:"Who is Prince Habeebuddin Tucy?"
1832:Rao, Ch Sushil (18 August 2019).
1458:Developing cultures: case studies
1064:The Great Mughals and their India
867:. He has been the state guest to
34:. For rulers of that empire, see
517:This section is an excerpt from
981:Dodgson, Marshall G.S. (2009).
495:
1705:. Concept Publishing Company.
1624:. Cambridge University Press.
823:The Mughal Emperors practiced
1:
1974:Emperors of the Mughal Empire
1912:. 6 June 2024. Archived from
1566:Hallissey, Robert C. (1977).
1352:The Last Great Muslim Empires
789:
1933:Architecture of Mughal India
1266:Canfield, Robert L. (2002).
1040:. Akkar Books. p. 300.
819:Disputed headship of dynasty
500:), and exiled him (1858) to
27:Dynasty of the Mughal Empire
1807:Dalrymple, William (2006).
1355:. BRILL. pp. 262–263.
1197:
940:
756:, with the Mughal ancestor
540:
530:
369:
343:
2005:
1645:Mohammada, Malika (2007).
1591:Claude Markovits (2004) .
1299:. Routledge. p. 104.
1023:Cambridge University Press
772:. On the left: Aurangzeb,
736:was a great poet of Urdu.
728:were great calligraphers,
516:
399:(the clan which ruled the
395:, supplemented with extra
29:
1329:, Penguin Books Limited,
60:
50:
1618:Duindam, Jeroen (2016).
1219:Persianate Mogul Empire.
740:Succession to the throne
480:Indian Rebellion of 1857
1699:Taher, Mohamed (1994).
1386:V.I. Braginsky (2005).
1237:Hodgson, Marshall G. S.
1017:6 December 2022 at the
1007:Jeroen Duindam (2015),
666:. During the reigns of
508:(present-day Myanmar).
373:), was a branch of the
1392:. BRILL. p. 381.
1092:Sharma, S. R. (1999).
956:Berndl, Klaus (2005).
934:, after Temür's title
795:
693:
504:in British-controlled
1528:(10 September 2009).
1489:(25 September 2003).
1171:Thackston, Wheeler M.
1167:Zahir ud-Din Mohammad
1061:Dirk Collier (2016).
906:Thackston, Wheeler M.
904:(10 September 2002).
902:Zahir ud-Din Mohammad
747:
688:
538:, who took the title
1449:Lawrence E. Harrison
1242:The Venture of Islam
984:The Venture of Islam
698:Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb
680:Walled city of Delhi
519:Mughal Empire § Name
486:the following year.
436:head of the military
370:Khāndān-e-Āl-e-Bābur
146:Badshah of Hindustan
548:princess. The word
452:Indian subcontinent
438:, while during its
1989:Dynasties of India
1889:The Times of India
1838:The Times of India
796:
694:
690:The Mughal Lineage
611:which today is in
576:Marshall Hodgson's
476:East India Company
432:head of government
248:Connected families
227:, descending from
1946:978-0-521-26728-1
1863:www.aljazeera.com
1818:978-1-4088-0092-8
1712:978-81-7022-524-9
1685:978-0-19-547643-9
1658:978-81-89833-18-3
1631:978-1-107-06068-5
1604:978-1-84331-004-4
1577:978-0-8262-0222-2
1502:978-92-64-10414-3
1399:978-90-04-48987-5
1336:978-93-5118-093-7
1306:978-1-136-84377-8
1279:978-0-521-52291-5
1252:978-0-226-34688-5
1190:978-0-375-76137-9
1137:978-0-203-71253-5
1105:978-81-7156-817-8
1047:978-8-189-83318-3
994:978-0-226-34688-5
967:978-0-7922-3695-5
925:978-0-375-76137-9
649:Mahfuzat-i-Timuri
641:Mahfuzat-i-Timuri
637:Mahfuzat-i-Timuri
367:
358:خاندانِ آلِ بابُر
341:
319:
318:
314:21 September 1857
156:Sultan of Sultans
16:(Redirected from
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1678:. OUP Pakistan.
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953:
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865:Indian Air Force
794:
791:
664:Battle of Karnal
631:literature from
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533:
499:
498: 1837–1857
497:
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336:
334:
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65:
43:
21:
2004:
2003:
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1995:
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1979:Mughal nobility
1954:
1953:
1947:
1930:
1927:
1925:Further reading
1922:
1921:
1916:on 6 June 2024.
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1809:The Last Mughal
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1740:10.2307/3257119
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1651:. Aakar Books.
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1487:Maddison, Angus
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1465:. p. 158.
1453:Peter L. Berger
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1217:. p. 165.
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840:Bahadur Shah II
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734:Bahadur Shah II
702:Mughal painting
660:Akbar the Great
597:
592:
591:
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494:
491:Bahadur Shah II
454:. Not only the
448:princely states
393:Timurid dynasty
381:that ruled the
375:Timurid dynasty
344:Dudmân-e Mughal
297:
274:
260:Durrani dynasty
255:Safavid dynasty
133:Bahadur Shah II
99:Place of origin
83:Timurid dynasty
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1155:. p. 204.
1143:
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809:Peacock Throne
793: 1707–12
741:
738:
633:Aceh Sultanate
605:Timurid prince
596:
593:
552:(also spelled
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474:. The British
413:Mongol emperor
349:House of Babur
323:Mughal dynasty
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113:21 April 1526
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69:Imperial seal
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32:Mughal Empire
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1932:
1914:the original
1904:
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1888:
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1837:
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1530:
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1388:
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1120:Bose, Sugata
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706:architecture
695:
676:
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655:manuscript.
648:
640:
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629:Hikayat Aceh
621:Sur Emperors
598:
588:Indo-Timurid
587:
583:
579:
567:
562:
557:
553:
549:
525:
488:
444:Grand Vizier
425:
416:Genghis Khan
387:
348:
322:
320:
93:Mughal India
79:Parent house
68:
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1894:4 September
1868:4 September
1843:4 September
873:Middle East
782:Umar Shaykh
572:Indologists
484:British Raj
377:founded by
302:Dissolution
294:(1582–1605)
292:Din-i Ilahi
288:(1526–1857)
286:Sunni Islam
129:Final ruler
72:(1837–1857)
1958:Categories
1769:Asher 2003
1012:, page 105
888:References
788:. Created
770:Miran Shah
762:Shah Jahan
668:Shah Jahan
613:Uzbekistan
546:Chinggisid
531:Gūrkāniyān
458:, but the
420:Genghisids
332:دودمان مغل
310:Deposition
279:Traditions
239:Sufi order
237:Naqshbandi
1984:Maturidis
1748:0026-1521
1536:Routledge
1463:Routledge
1069:Hay House
854:Hyderabad
834:A man in
754:Aurangzeb
672:Aurangzeb
653:Akbarnama
364:romanized
347:) or the
338:romanized
265:Kachhwaha
233:Aurangzeb
1787:DAWN.COM
1455:(2006).
1405:17 March
1323:(2007),
1239:(2009).
1169:(2002).
1126:(2004).
1015:Archived
869:Tashkent
825:polygamy
774:Jahangir
730:Jahangir
714:clothing
397:Borjigin
229:Jahangir
216:Shahzadi
211:Shahzade
52:Imperial
1792:24 June
1756:3257119
1433:15 June
1198:kürägän
1173:(ed.).
941:kürägän
932:Gurkani
908:(ed.).
847:Kolkata
800:Emperor
778:Humayun
718:cuisine
710:culture
625:Humayun
623:during
609:Andijan
595:History
580:Timurid
526:Gurkani
502:Rangoon
460:Maratha
366::
353:Persian
340::
327:Persian
270:Rathore
225:Princes
171:Gurkani
119:Founder
109:Founded
89:Country
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1943:
1815:
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464:Rajput
201:Sultan
176:Sardar
139:Titles
1752:JSTOR
883:Notes
836:India
829:harem
766:Akbar
758:Timur
750:Babur
651:with
645:Timur
617:Kabul
607:from
601:Babur
574:. In
554:Mogul
536:Timur
506:Burma
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379:Babur
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142:List
123:Babur
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1794:2020
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