410:
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42:
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His ancestors, after having migrated from
Turkistan, had lived for over 200 years in the Helmand valley and Lamghan, parts of Afghanistan called Garmasir or the hot region, and had adopted Afghan manners and customs. They were, therefore, wrongly looked upon as Afghans by the Turkish nobles in India
1598:
Tradition gives him credit for the conquest of Bengal but as a matter of fact he could not subjugate the greater part of Bengal ... All that Bakhtyār can justly take credit for is that by his conquest of
Western and a part of Northern Bengal he laid the foundation of the Muslim State in Bengal. The
266:
between A.D. 1197 and 1206 led to mass flight and massacres of monks, and caused damage to the traditional
Buddhist institutions of higher learning in Northern India. In Bengal, Khalji's reign was responsible for the displacement of Buddhism. The leading centre of teaching for Mahayana Buddhism was
2051:
The prejudice of Turks was however misplaced in this case, for
Khaljis were actually ethnic Turks. But they had settled in Afghanistan long before the Turkish rule was established there, and had over the centuries adopted Afghan customs and practices, intermarried with the local people, and were
1637:
The
Turkish arms penetrated into Bihar and Bengal through the enterprising efforts of Ikhtiyaruddin Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji ... he started plundering raids into Bihar and, within four or five years, occupied a large part of it ... Nadia was sacked by the Turks and a few districts of Bengal
703:
assisted the invasion and assumed the governorship of Bengal in 1208. But shortly after, he yielded power to Ali Mardan willingly, when the latter returned from Delhi in 1210. However, the nobles of Bengal conspired against and assassinated Ali Mardan in 1212. Iwaj Khalji assumed power again and
573:, it is said that he advanced so rapidly that only 18 horsemen from his army could keep up. The small horde entered the city unchallenged and took the emperor and his army by shock. This caused Lakhsmana Sena to flee with his retainers to east Bengal. Khalji subsequently went on to capture
2082:
The
Khaljis were a Turkish tribe but having been long domiciled in Afghanistan, had adopted some Afghan habits and customs. They were treated as Afghans in Delhi Court. They were regarded as barbarians. The Turkish nobles had opposed the ascent of Jalal-ud-din to the throne of
271:. At the end of the 12th century, Bakhityar Khilji demolished the Monastery in a brutal sacking. But some historians don't agree and reason that Bakhtiyar's attacks weren't on the Buddhist viharas, and the actual Buddhist sites were already abandoned or in declining state.
2289:
After the arrival of Islam, the universities such as
Nalanda and Vikramshila were no longer existent. The destruction of Nalanda by Bakhtiyar Khalji was the last nail in this pre-Islamic Indic university, which had survived three major
1727:
Nalanda, together with the colleges at
Vikramasila and Odantapuri, suffered gravely during the conquest of Bihar by the Muslim general Muhammad Bhakhtiyar Khalji between A.D. 1197 and 1206, and many monks were killed or forced to
409:
1545:
Although the
Afghans formed a large group in the army of the Delhi Sultanat, only few Afghan nobles had been accorded important positions. That is why Bakhtiyar Khalji who was part - Afghan had to seek his fortune in Bihar and
1405:
Hutchinson's story of the nations, containing the
Egyptians, the Chinese, India, the Babylonian nation, the Hittites, the Assyrians, the Phoenicians and the Carthaginians, the Phrygians, the Lydians, and other nations of Asia
688:
as Bakhtiyar's successor. Loyal troops under Shiran Khalji and Subedar Aulia Khan avenged Ikhtiyar's death, imprisoning Ali Mardan Khalji. Eventually Ali Mardan fled to Delhi and provoked the Sultan of Delhi
371:. Mahmud was later honoured with the iqta of Kashamandi. After the death of his uncle, the iqta was passed to Bakhtiyar. However, Bakhtiyar did not stay in Kashamndi for long. He approached the commander of
1914:
Tabaḳāt-i-nāsiri: a general history of the Muhammadan dynastics of Asia, including Hindustān, from A.H. 194 (810 A.D.) to A.H. 658 (1260 A.D.) and the irruption of the infidel Mughals into Islām
46:
Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji and his fellow warrior Subahdar Auliya Khan leading troops in the slaughter of Buddhist monks at the Nalanda University. Early 20th-century illustration.
2521:(History / Reference, Asia -- History, Culture, Ethnology -- Encyclopedias -- Asia -- Oceania, Geography, Oceania, World history). Facts On File, Incorporated. 2010. p. 99.
517:
documents Bakhtiyar Khalji's sack of a Buddhist monastery, which the author equates in his description with a city he calls "Bihar", from the soldiers' use of the word
2605:
2199:
Obverse: horseman to left holding a mace, margin with date in Nagari Samvat 1262 Bhadrapada . Reverse : legend in Nagari śrīmat mahamada sāmaḥ . Issued in AD 1204
1638:(Malda, Dinajpur, Murshidabad and Birbhum) were occupied by them ... Bathtiyar Khalji could not retain his hold over Nadia and made Lakhnauti or Gaur as his capital.
2336:
1788:
1350:
406:
Khalji was head of the Ghurid military force that conquered parts of eastern India at the end of the 12th century and at the beginning of the 13th century.
1166:
752:
244:
596:
he made the seat of government. He brought the different parts of the territory under his sway, and instituted therein, in every part, the reading of the
1957:
The Khiljis were a Turkish tribe but having been long domiciled in Afghanistan, and adopted Afghan habits and customs. They were treated as Afghans in
2766:
153:
2954:
3048:
2624:
The Muslim Heritage of Bengal: The Lives, Thoughts and Achievements of Great Muslim Scholars, Writers and Reformers of Bangladesh and West Bengal
2502:. Department of Films and Publications, Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. p. 6.
2255:
Bakhtyār led his army a second time in the direction of Bihar in the year following the sack of the fortified monastery of that name. This year,
3033:
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1895:
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1151:
818:
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Hindu-Muslim Relations in Bengal, 1905–1947: Study in Cultural Confrontation, Page 11, Nachiketa Publications, 1974, Hossainur Rahman
535:
and others have directly or indirectly implicated Bakhtiyar in the destruction of the Mahaviharas in their writings, but others like
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1081:
659:, which forced him to retreat to Devkot with only about a hundred surviving soldiers. This was first and shameful defeat of Khalji.
481:
472:
1311:
2018:
as they had intermarried with local Afghans and adopted their customs and manners. They were looked down as non-Turks by Turks.
1216:
1161:
375:, Husamudin Aghul Bek, who was impressed with his gallantry and bestowed on him the iqtas of Bhagwat and Bhilui (present-day
1989:
Indeed, it seems very likely that formed the core of the Pashto-speaking Ghilji tribe, the name being derived from Khalaj.
2854:
2792:
1301:
1266:
1236:
959:
681:
As Bakhtiyar Khalji lay ill and exhausted in Devkot after defeated by Tibetans, he was assassinated by Ali Mardan Khalji.
1651:
1336:
3038:
2582:. Institute of Indology. Vol. 4. Calcutta: Calcutta Institute of Indology, Indian Publicity Society. p. 52.
1485:
Hussain argues ... was actually named Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji and not the broadly used Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji
1191:
1186:
3043:
1261:
1211:
528:
386:, Bakhtiyar displaced the minor Gahadavala chiefs in the region of present-day Uttar Pradesh and from there raided
360:, where he obtained his first employment. Accounts differ regarding who initially took Bakhtiyar into his service.
2947:
3023:
1527:
Turk-Afghan Rule: Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khilji's invasion to Bengal marked the advent of Turk-Afghan rule in Bengal.
1420:
1374:
1196:
1009:
813:
772:
552:
452:
157:
2765:
History of the Muslims of Bengal – Volume 1A: Muslim Rule in Bengal (600-170/1203-1757), by Muhammad Mohar Ali,
2963:
2914:
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Bakhtyār fairly completed his conquest of the Varendra tract with the ... city of Gaur before the year 599 A.H.
1384:
1364:
1226:
1131:
803:
668:
484:
in Arabic. Struck AD 1204–1205. This is his earliest coinage in Bengal, using both Sanskrit and Arabic legends.
256:
390:
and Bihar where he looted a large amount of booty. These successful raids increased Bakhtiyar's fame and many
1766:
2940:
1201:
439:
364:
1403:
2979:
2924:
685:
294:
85:
41:
2647:
1256:
999:
700:
3028:
1921:. Calcutta, India: Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal (printed by Gilbert & Rivington). p. 548.
1918:
1321:
989:
808:
793:
757:
655:. Bakhtiyar Khalji's forces suffered a disastrous defeat at the hands of Tibetan guerrilla forces at
275:
2184:
The Coins of the Indian Sultanates: Covering the Area of Present-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh
577:(ancient Lakhnauti), the capital and the principal city of Bengal and intruded into much of Bengal.
341:, the Khaljis faced discrimination and were looked down upon by other Turks for Afghan barbarians.
1231:
823:
735:
363:
Bakhtiyar did not come from an obscure background. His uncle Muhammad bin Mahmud had fought in the
263:
1973:
1476:
974:
848:
833:
569:
was in a state of decline and could not provide much resistance. As Khalji came upon the city of
268:
1599:
historians of the 13th century never attributed the conquest of the whole of Bengal to Bakhtyār.
673:
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2188:
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2155:
2131:
2123:
2071:
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2008:
1939:
1891:
1887:
The River of Golden Sand: The Narrative of a Journey Through China and Eastern Tibet to Burmah
1861:
1828:
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1004:
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843:
690:
648:
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503:
He subjugated much of Bihar in 1200. His invasions destroyed the university establishments at
395:
338:
2774:
2742:(1970). "Foundation of the Delhi Sultanat". In Habib, Mohammad; Nizami, Khaliq Ahmad (eds.).
2687:
1885:
1855:
1678:
1612:
593:
574:
2272:
2124:"Transregional Connections: The 'Lion and Sun' Motif and Coinage between Anatolia and India"
1912:
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110:
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1305:
1271:
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885:
620:
581:
527:, the invaders massacred many monks at Odantapuri, and destroyed Vikramashila. Historians
368:
352:. At the latter, he was rejected due to his ugly appearance. Afterwards, he moved towards
2836:
463:
Another type of Bengal coinage of Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji as governor (1204–1206 CE).
2844:
2782:
2610:. Berkeley · Los Angeles · London: University of California Press. p. Chapter 1–2.
2372:
Indians | Ep 5: Nalanda and the Decline of Buddhism | A Brief History of a Civilization
969:
880:
724:
arose through Bakhtiyar's patronage, and his example was imitated by his subordinates.
602:, and the coining of money; and, through his praiseworthy endeavours, and those of his
562:
532:
322:
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1767:"Ancient Nalanda University's Ruins | District Nalanda, Government of Bihar | India"
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232:
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2662:
Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206–1526) – Part One
2660:
2513:
2497:
2463:
2438:
2411:
2182:
2128:
Turkish History and Culture in India: Identity, Art and Transregional Connections
2065:
2002:
1933:
1822:
1560:
Turkish History and Culture in India: Identity, Art and Transregional Connections
588:
After Muhammad Bakhtiyar possessed himself of that territory he left the city of
2989:
2849:
2787:
1379:
1044:
540:
314:
206:
139:
114:
2337:"Of a gilded past and the future: Nalanda's lost glory and new-found ambitions"
1789:"Of a gilded past and the future: Nalanda's lost glory and new-found ambitions"
489:
Conquest of Bihar and Destruction of Mahaviras (Buddhist Ritual Centres) (1200)
17:
2370:
2157:
Objects of Translation: Material Culture and Medieval "Hindu-Muslim" Encounter
1049:
964:
504:
498:
2722:
2348:
2012:
1800:
1632:
1472:
935:
2880:
2872:
2818:
2810:
2587:
1447:"Review of The Bengal Sultanate: Politics, Economy and Coins (AD 1205–1576)"
1074:
1039:
536:
524:
2932:
1593:
293:
in 1206 and was assassinated upon returning to Bengal. He was succeeded by
2751:
2561:
2250:
697:, to dethrone Shiran Khalji. Shiran fled to Dinajpur where he later died.
1116:
1069:
858:
853:
717:
589:
570:
376:
1743:
The Preaching of Islam: A History of the Propagation of the Muslim Faith
1480:
1541:
Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206-1526)
1121:
1111:
1054:
979:
930:
925:
915:
868:
721:
713:
693:
to invade Bengal, who sent an army under Qayemaz Rumi, the governor of
652:
611:
598:
372:
306:
191:
106:
2311:
Al-Hind: The Slave Kings and the Islamic conquest, 11th-13th centuries
2744:
A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526)
2181:
Goron, Stan; Goenka, J. P.; Robinson (numismatist.), Michael (2001).
1857:
Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib
1463:
1446:
1086:
920:
905:
640:
607:
519:
435:
421:
413:
391:
353:
345:
330:
248:
236:
196:
131:
53:
420:(1204–1206 CE). Struck in the name of Mu'izz al-Din Muhammad, dated
1653:
India and the Afghans: A study of a neglected region, 1370–1576 A.D
1617:. Vol. I (2nd ed.). Sterling Publishers. pp. 81–82.
543:
have reasoned that those sites may not have been destroyed by him.
467:: horseman galloping, holding lance with Devanagari legend around (
327:
After being settled in south-eastern Afghanistan for over 200 years
873:
694:
387:
383:
349:
255:
and established himself as their ruler. He was the founder of the
252:
2259:
1200 A.D., he was busy consolidating his hold over that province.
344:
Bakhtiyar during his early years went in search of employment to
1499:
The Bengal Sultanate: Politics, Economy and Coins (AD 1205–1576)
910:
603:
27:
13th century Turko-Afghan military general of the Ghurid dynasty
2936:
259:, which ruled Bengal for a short period, from 1203 to 1227 CE.
469:
2440:
Social History & Political Sociology for Degree Students
1421:"Ikhtiyār al-Dīn Muḥammad Bakhtiyār Khiljī | Muslim general"
382:
In his early career, before the expeditions in Bengal and
2853:(Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust,
2791:(Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust,
2052:
therefore looked down on as non-Turks by pure-bred Turks.
2105:
2103:
2126:. In Peacock, A. C. S.; McClary, Richard Piran (eds.).
651:
to guard the eastern frontier from his headquarters at
523:. According to the early 17th-century Buddhist scholar
2556:. Vol. II. Patna: Academica Asiatica. p. 8.
2443:. Salma Shawkat via Majid Publishing House. p. 93
2245:. Vol. II. Patna: Academica Asiatica. p. 3.
2067:
History of medieval India: from 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D.
1935:
History of medieval India: from 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D.
704:
proclaimed his independence from the Delhi sultanate.
1917:. Bibliotheca Indica #78. Vol. 1. Translated by
2850:
Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
2788:
Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
2607:
The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204–1760
1938:
Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. p. 28.
1824:
The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204–1760
2413:
Bangladesh: Internal Dynamics and External Linkages
2007:(Second ed.). Shiva Lal Agarwala. p. 98.
212:
202:
190:
168:
145:
120:
95:
91:
81:
71:
60:
51:
34:
2689:Buddhist Critical Spirituality: Prajñā and Śūnyatā
2036:The Age of Wrath: A History of the Delhi Sultanate
1827:. University of California Press. pp. 28–34.
2211:Kundra, D. N.; Prakashan, Goyal Brothers (2019).
1588:. Calcutta: G. Bharadwaj & Co. pp. 1–2.
2160:. Princeton University Press. pp. 115–117.
2515:Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania
1879:
1877:
1846:
1844:
1746:. Archibald Constable and Co. pp. 227–228.
1704:
1702:
1700:
1614:Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India
586:
2948:
2692:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 65 (note 87).
2399:. London: Gilbert And Rivington. p. 557.
2300:
2298:
1344:
584:, as he visited Bengal about 40 years later:
8:
1365:List of rulers of Bengal#Delhi Sultanate era
716:read and coins struck in his name. Mosques,
592:in desolation, and the place which is (now)
1167:International Islamic University Chittagong
2955:
2941:
2933:
2897:
2746:. Vol. 5. People's Publishing House.
2665:. Har-Anand Publications. pp. 41–43.
2214:I.C.S.E. History & Civics for Class IX
1890:. Cambridge University Press. p. 43.
1351:
1337:
789:
731:
40:
31:
2769:, Department of Culture and Publications.
2767:Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University
2621:Khan, Muhammad Mojlum (21 October 2013).
2416:. University Press Limited. p. 311.
2217:. Goyal Brothers Prakashan. p. 176.
2004:The History of India, 1000 A.D.-1707 A.D.
1462:
1317:Muslim chronicles for Bangladeshi history
580:Muhammad Bakhtiyar's rule was related by
557:In 1203, Khalji invaded Bengal. With the
225:Ikhtiyār al-Dīn Muḥammad Bakhtiyār Khaljī
35:Ikhtiyar al-Din Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji
2465:History of India and Pakistan - Volume 1
1884:Gill, William John; Yule, Henry (2010).
1409:. London, Hutchinson. 1906. p. 169.
672:
458:
408:
305:Bakhtiyar Khalji was born and raised in
2274:Political Thought in Indic Civilization
1860:. Penguin Books India. pp. 63–64.
1395:
894:
832:
792:
734:
2715:The Story of Early Indian Civilization
2599:
2597:
2149:
2147:
2109:
2094:
1563:. BRILL. 17 August 2020. p. 237.
165:
1972:Oberling, Pierre (15 December 2010).
1525:. Arihant Experts. 2019. p. 15.
7:
2277:. SAGE Publishing India. p. 6.
511:Mahaviras. Minhaj-i-Siraj Juzjani's
2627:. Kube Publishing Ltd. p. 19.
684:The Khalji noblemen then appointed
619:Account of the conquest of Bengal,
274:His rule is said to have begun the
2001:Srivastava, Ashirbadi Lal (1966).
1740:Arnold, Sir Thomas Walker (1896).
1501:. New Delhi: Manohar. p. 27.
712:Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji had the
639:Bakhtiyar Khalji left the town of
25:
1656:. Janaki Prakashan. p. 148.
643:in 1206 to attack Tibet, leaving
635:Bakhtiyar Khalji's Tibet campaign
610:, colleges, and monasteries (for
278:in Bengal, most notably those of
247:of the eastern Indian regions of
2393:Juzjani, Minhaj-i Siraj (1881).
2271:Roy, Himanshu (30 August 2021).
2064:Chaurasia, Radhey Shyam (2002).
1932:Chaurasia, Radhey Shyam (2002).
1312:Muslim nationalism in South Asia
449:srima ha/ mira mahama /da saamah
333:tribe, with Bakhtiyar seen as a
329:, it led to the creation of the
289:Bakhtiyar launched an ill-fated
2335:Salam, Ziya Us (18 July 2024).
1821:Eaton, Richard Maxwell (1996).
1787:Salam, Ziya Us (18 July 2024).
1650:Thakur, Amrendra Kumar (1992).
614:), were founded in those parts.
321:tribe, which was originally of
3049:13th-century murdered monarchs
2773:Ahmed, ABM Shamsuddin (2012).
2713:Sen, Gertrude Emerson (1964).
2499:Islamic Heritage of Bangladesh
2039:. Penguin Books. p. 126.
1162:Islamic University, Bangladesh
482:Mu'izz al-Din Muhammad bin Sam
1:
2855:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
2793:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
2468:. Ferozsons. pp. 93–94.
2462:Tariq Awan, Muhammad (1991).
2122:Bhandare, Shailendra (2020).
1451:The Sixteenth Century Journal
1267:Islamic Foundation Bangladesh
124:
99:
64:
3034:13th-century Indian monarchs
2369:The Wire (2 February 2024).
1712:Handbook of Oriental Studies
1680:Bangladesh: Past and Present
1611:Mehta, Jaswant Lal (1986) .
2578:Sen, Amulyachandra (1954).
2437:M. Shawkat Ali, S. (1965).
2314:. BRILL. pp. 146–148.
1586:History of Mediaeval Bengal
1523:Know Your State West Bengal
1497:Hussain, Syed Ejaz (2003).
1192:Bangladesh Khilafat Andolan
1187:Bangladesh Khelafat Majlish
1100:Ideology/schools of thought
152:Pirpal Dargah, Narayanpur,
3065:
2604:Eaton, Richard M. (1993).
2496:Ahmad, Nazimuddin (1980).
2154:Flood, Finbarr B. (2018).
1677:Ahmed, Salahuddin (2004).
1445:Faruqui, Munis D. (2005).
666:
632:
550:
492:
313:, in present-day southern
262:Khalji's invasions of the
2998:
2975:Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji
2970:
2921:
2912:
2900:
2686:Ichimura, Shōhei (2001).
2410:Kalam, Abul, ed. (1996).
1911:Sirāj, Minhāju-s (1881).
1709:Scharfe, Hartmut (2002).
1375:Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud
1145:Educational organizations
773:Anjuman-i-Ulama-i-Bangala
701:Ghiyas-ud-din Iwaz Khalji
553:Ghurid conquest of Bengal
547:Conquest of Bengal (1203)
173:
164:
39:
2964:Khalji dynasty of Bengal
2915:Khalji dynasty of Bengal
2847:; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.).
2785:; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.).
2659:Chandra, Satish (2004).
2187:. Munshiram Manoharlal.
1584:Majumdar, R. C. (1973).
1539:Chandra, Satish (2004).
1385:Conquest of Bihar (1202)
677:Khalji dynasty of Bengal
669:Khalji dynasty of Bengal
629:Invasion of Tibet (1206)
257:Khalji dynasty of Bengal
235:military general of the
1425:Encyclopedia Britannica
476:"Lord Mohammed Sam").
394:joined in his service.
365:Second Battle of Tarain
317:. He was member of the
2980:Muhammad Shiran Khalji
2925:Muhammad Shiran Khalji
2835:Chowdhury, AM (2012).
2396:Tabakat-i-Nasiri Vol-I
2130:. BRILL. p. 237.
2070:Atlantic. p. 28.
1715:. BRILL. p. 150.
1370:Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi
686:Muhammad Shiran Khalji
678:
626:
485:
456:
295:Muhammad Shiran Khalji
86:Muhammad Shiran Khalji
76:(Position established)
2580:Rajagriha and Nalanda
2554:The History of Bengal
2243:The History of Bengal
1978:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1302:Mosques in Bangladesh
1257:Anjuman Mufidul Islam
676:
480:: name and titles of
462:
443:"August, year 1262".
412:
301:Early life and origin
2382:– via YouTube.
1919:Henry George Raverty
1322:Sufism in Bangladesh
1217:Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam
990:Karamat Ali Jaunpuri
2717:. Orient Longmans.
1852:Sengupta, Nitish K.
1683:. APH. p. 59.
1232:Nizam-e-Islam Party
737:Islam in Bangladesh
663:Death and aftermath
398:also honoured him.
264:Indian subcontinent
3039:Buddhism and Islam
2775:"Bakhtiyar Khalji"
1854:(1 January 2011).
1250:Influential bodies
1237:Tariqat Federation
679:
486:
457:
3044:Founding monarchs
3011:
3010:
2985:Ali Mardan Khalji
2931:
2930:
2922:Succeeded by
2908:King Lakshman Sen
2843:; Miah, Sajahan;
2781:; Miah, Sajahan;
2699:978-81-208-1798-2
2284:978-93-5479-159-8
2224:978-93-88676-77-9
2194:978-81-215-1010-3
2167:978-0-691-18074-8
2137:978-90-04-43736-4
2046:978-93-5118-658-8
1897:978-1-108-01953-8
1867:978-0-14-341678-4
1624:978-81-207-0617-0
1570:978-90-04-43736-4
1361:
1360:
1207:Islami Oikya Jote
1180:Political parties
944:
943:
691:Qutb al-Din Aibak
649:Ghoraghat Upazila
645:Ali Mardan Khalji
565:at the helm, the
447:: Nagari legend:
396:Qutb ud-Din Aibak
339:Khalji Revolution
222:
221:
216:Military general
186:
185:
16:(Redirected from
3056:
3024:Rulers of Bengal
2957:
2950:
2943:
2934:
2901:Preceded by
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1984:
1974:"ḴALAJ i. TRIBE"
1969:
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1277:Tamaddun Majlish
1222:Khelafat Majlish
960:Bakhtiyar Khalji
790:
763:Bengal Sultanate
738:
732:
624:
514:Tabaqat-i Nasiri
429:: Horseman with
418:Bakhtiyar Khalji
280:Bengal Sultanate
245:Muslim conquests
241:Muhammad of Ghor
229:Bakhtiyar Khalji
227:, also known as
166:
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1543:. p. 226.
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1306:Baitul Mukarram
1291:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1272:Tablighi Jamaat
1262:Hefazat-e-Islam
1251:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1212:Jamaat-e-Islami
1181:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1146:
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1101:
1093:
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1030:Bengali Muslims
1024:
1016:
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954:
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779:
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753:Muslim conquest
747:
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637:
631:
625:
621:Minhaj al-Siraj
618:
582:Minhaj al-Siraj
555:
549:
501:
491:
433:legend around:
425:
424:1262 (1204 CE).
404:
402:Military career
369:Prithviraja III
356:in present-day
337:. Later in the
303:
217:
160:
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18:Muhammad Khilji
15:
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2841:Islam, Sirajul
2837:"Sena Dynasty"
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2779:Islam, Sirajul
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2760:External links
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2031:Eraly, Abraham
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1082:Bihari Muslims
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533:Mohammad Habib
529:Satish Chandra
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473:mahamada samah
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331:Pashtun Ghilji
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243:, who led the
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961:
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953:Major figures
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949:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
903:
901:
900:
897:
893:
887:
884:
882:
879:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
851:
850:
847:
845:
842:
841:
839:
838:
835:
831:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
801:
799:
798:
795:
791:
783:
782:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
743:
742:
739:
733:
727:
725:
723:
719:
715:
707:
705:
702:
698:
696:
692:
687:
682:
675:
670:
662:
660:
658:
657:Chumbi Valley
654:
650:
646:
642:
636:
628:
622:
615:
613:
609:
605:
601:
600:
595:
591:
585:
583:
578:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
554:
546:
544:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
521:
516:
515:
510:
506:
500:
496:
488:
483:
479:
475:
474:
471:
466:
461:
454:
453:Mohammed Sam
450:
446:
442:
441:
437:
432:
428:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
401:
399:
397:
393:
389:
385:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
361:
359:
358:Uttar Pradesh
355:
351:
347:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
300:
298:
296:
292:
287:
285:
284:Mughal Bengal
281:
277:
272:
270:
265:
260:
258:
254:
251:and parts of
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
215:
211:
208:
205:
201:
198:
195:
193:
189:
181:
177:
172:
167:
163:
159:
155:
148:
144:
141:
137:
133:
123:
119:
116:
112:
108:
98:
94:
90:
87:
84:
80:
77:
74:
70:
63:
59:
55:
50:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3003:Balka Khalji
2974:
2913:
2904:Sena dynasty
2894:
2886:20 September
2884:. Retrieved
2848:
2824:20 September
2822:. Retrieved
2786:
2743:
2733:Bibliography
2714:
2708:
2688:
2681:
2661:
2654:
2648:Khilji Malik
2643:
2623:
2616:
2606:
2579:
2573:
2565:
2553:
2544:
2532:. Retrieved
2514:
2508:
2498:
2491:
2479:. Retrieved
2464:
2457:
2445:. Retrieved
2439:
2432:
2412:
2405:
2395:
2388:
2376:. Retrieved
2371:
2364:
2352:. Retrieved
2340:
2330:
2310:
2290:destructions
2288:
2273:
2266:
2256:
2254:
2242:
2233:
2213:
2206:
2198:
2183:
2176:
2156:
2127:
2117:
2090:
2081:
2066:
2059:
2050:
2035:
2025:
2016:
2003:
1996:
1988:
1981:. Retrieved
1977:
1967:
1956:
1949:. Retrieved
1934:
1927:
1913:
1906:
1886:
1856:
1823:
1816:
1804:. Retrieved
1792:
1782:
1770:. Retrieved
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1492:
1484:
1454:
1450:
1440:
1428:. Retrieved
1424:
1415:
1404:
1398:
1290:Other topics
1202:Islami Front
1127:Maizbhandari
1107:Ahl-i Hadith
1065:Shershabadia
985:Shariatullah
975:Shah Makhdum
814:Indo-Islamic
794:Architecture
768:Bengal Subah
758:Islamic rule
711:
699:
683:
680:
638:
597:
587:
579:
567:Sena dynasty
559:octogenarian
556:
518:
512:
509:Vikramashila
502:
495:Vikramashila
477:
468:
464:
448:
444:
434:
426:
405:
381:
362:
343:
335:Turko-Afghan
304:
288:
273:
261:
233:Turko-Afghan
228:
224:
223:
75:
29:
3029:1206 deaths
2990:Iwaz Khalji
2481:25 December
2447:25 December
2306:Wink, André
2110:Nizami 1970
2095:Nizami 1970
1959:Delhi Court
1430:9 September
1380:Bakhtiarpur
1023:Communities
804:Bangladeshi
541:Namit Arora
451:"Lord Emir
416:coinage of
379:district).
315:Afghanistan
276:Muslim rule
207:Sunni Islam
158:West Bengal
154:Gangarampur
140:West Bengal
128: 1206
115:Afghanistan
103: 1150
72:Predecessor
67:1203 – 1206
3018:Categories
2919:1204–1206
1391:References
1050:Mahifarash
965:Shah Jalal
834:Literature
667:See also:
505:Odantapuri
499:Odantapuri
493:See also:
440:bhadrapada
213:Occupation
52:Ruler of (
2881:30677644M
2819:30677644M
2723:610346317
2349:0971-751X
2341:The Hindu
2013:575452554
1951:23 August
1801:0971-751X
1793:The Hindu
1633:883279992
1473:0361-0160
1075:Rohingyas
1040:Dhakaiyas
612:Dervishes
594:Lakhnauti
525:Taranatha
169:Era dates
82:Successor
2873:52727562
2811:52727562
2588:28533779
2534:14 March
2308:(2002).
2033:(2015).
1481:20477310
1070:Sylhetis
1010:Bhashani
859:Jangnama
854:Dobhashi
728:See also
722:khanqahs
718:madrasas
617:—
571:Nabadwip
561:emperor
537:D.N. Jha
377:Mirzapur
367:against
325:origin.
231:, was a
203:Religion
2519:(ebook)
2378:20 July
2354:18 July
1806:18 July
1772:22 June
1594:1031074
1546:Bengal.
1122:Fultali
1087:Pangals
1055:Mahimal
980:Titumir
926:Qawwali
881:Persian
869:Marsiya
849:Bengali
809:Bengali
786:Culture
746:History
714:Khutbah
653:Barisal
608:masjids
599:khutbah
478:Reverse
465:Obverse
445:Reverse
427:Obverse
392:Khaljis
373:Benaras
311:Helmand
307:Garmsir
269:Nalanda
111:Helmand
107:Garmsir
2879:
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2817:
2809:
2799:
2752:305725
2750:
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2696:
2669:
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2562:924890
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2251:924890
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2221:
2191:
2164:
2134:
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2011:
1983:4 July
1942:
1894:
1864:
1831:
1799:
1719:
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1631:
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1505:
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1005:Nazrul
1000:Siraji
916:Nashid
906:Ghazal
844:Arabic
824:Mughal
720:, and
708:Legacy
641:Devkot
590:Nudiah
520:vihara
470:śrimat
436:samvat
431:Nagari
422:Samvat
414:Bengal
354:Badaun
346:Ghazni
323:Turkic
319:Khalaj
249:Bengal
239:ruler
237:Ghurid
197:Khilji
146:Burial
132:Devkot
54:Bengal
2839:. In
2777:. In
2083:Delhi
1728:flee.
1477:JSTOR
1406:Minor
1035:Deshi
936:Zikir
896:Music
874:Puthi
864:Kissa
695:Awadh
604:Amirs
575:Gauda
438:1262
388:Maner
384:Bihar
350:Delhi
253:Bihar
218:ruler
61:Reign
2888:2024
2869:OCLC
2859:ISBN
2826:2024
2807:OCLC
2797:ISBN
2748:OCLC
2719:OCLC
2694:ISBN
2667:ISBN
2629:ISBN
2584:OCLC
2558:OCLC
2536:2022
2523:ISBN
2483:2021
2470:ISBN
2449:2021
2418:ISBN
2380:2024
2356:2024
2345:ISSN
2316:ISBN
2279:ISBN
2257:i.e.
2247:OCLC
2219:ISBN
2189:ISBN
2162:ISBN
2132:ISBN
2072:ISBN
2041:ISBN
2009:OCLC
1985:2020
1953:2010
1940:ISBN
1892:ISBN
1862:ISBN
1829:ISBN
1808:2024
1797:ISSN
1774:2024
1717:ISBN
1685:ISBN
1658:ISBN
1629:OCLC
1619:ISBN
1590:OCLC
1565:ISBN
1503:ISBN
1469:ISSN
1432:2018
1132:Shia
931:Zari
921:Naat
911:Hamd
886:Urdu
539:and
497:and
348:and
282:and
192:Clan
176:12th
149:1206
121:Died
96:Born
1459:doi
1045:Kan
647:in
286:.
3020::
2877:OL
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