396:. The FM 24/29 was developed into a heavier machine gun capable of relatively sustained fire, by giving it an extremely thick and massive barrel, to act as a heat sink. This was necessary, since the FM 24/29 lacked a quick-change barrel or water-cooling and its normal light barrel would rapidly overheat and wear out, if fired in more than short bursts, with cooling rests between. The long stroke gas piston is located below the barrel and operates the vertically tilting bolt group. Ammunition is fed from side-mounted multi-layer 150-round pan magazines (with bullets pointing to the center of the round magazine). The gun can be modified to take magazines on either the left or right side, to ease magazine changes while mounted in the standard side-by-side
835:
715:
875:
699:
647:
409:. When mounted in fortifications, the twin-mount included an adjustable twin-shoulder stock, a tubular metal bar that extended from the rear of the mounting frame, which mounted a horizontal crossbar, with shoulder pads on each end. The operator would face the breeches of the guns and place these pads against his shoulders. He would then use his body to control traverse, while his hands would grip the pistols grips to fire one or both guns. Elevation was controlled by a brass crank underneath the weapon. Twin mountings came in
755:
334:
815:
627:
503:(opening); the guns were mounted on an equally heavy-duty pivoting cradle inside this frame. The square frame fit snugly into the embrasure and was attached by hinges and bolts. This ensured that there were no gaps where enemy bullets could enter into the bunker (except the very small opening that the telescopic sight peeped through), yet allowed the guns to be aimed and trained on anyone outside the walls. Emplacements were often shared with an
263:
461:), a mechanic to repair any faults or jams, and a commander to direct or coordinate fire. The purpose of pairing the guns was to allow for sustained and rapid fire. During normal use, the two guns would be fired in turn, allowing the other gun time to cool down. When called for, both guns could be fired together, increasing instantaneous rate of fire. Charts were posted on the walls in each emplacement, outlining standard operating technique:
42:
583:
775:
526:
855:
735:
603:
795:
667:
486:, the gunners were authorized to rapid-fire bursts of 75 rounds per gun, either in turn or simultaneously, allowing a full magazines worth to be fired in much less than a minute. Such a rapid rate would very quickly overheat the barrel if not limited to only 75 rounds. To help cool the guns down faster, buckets of water and water sprayers were kept next to each
468:
was 150 rounds (one magazine) per minute, alternating between guns. Each gun would be fired for one minute, in bursts, until the magazine was empty. Then, the gunner would stop, and fire the second gun for a minute while the first gun cooled and was reloaded. Then the first gun could be used again.
511:
mount would be hinged back, and the anti-tank gun slid forward on its ceiling-mounted rail, until its barrel was outside and breech inside. It was surrounded by a similar square frame, which fit tightly into the embrasure. The only time the occupants of the bunker were exposed to enemy fire, was in
475:
was 450 rounds per minute (3 magazines) per gun and was achieved in the same way as normal fire; the gunner would fire off three magazines within a minute and then stop before his barrel overheated, and then repeat with the second. Due to the higher rate of fire, accelerated fire was limited to a
456:
and level indicators, elevation screw and spent case ejection chutes. It was manned by a crew of eight, including two gunners, two loaders, two assistant loaders (to fetch ammunition and reload pan magazines with a table-mounted reloading machine that took standard 5-round
400:
twin-mount. Ejection is straight down, through the short chute attached to the base of the receiver, which in fortifications, usually led into a longer tube or chute that directed the spent cases into the ditches outside. The gun was fitted with a forward-curved
490:
emplacement. Barrels were cooled either by spraying them with water (evaporative) or by removing the gun from the mount and dipping the barrel into the water bucket. Up to 20 liters of water could be used per day per emplacement just to cool the
270:
twin-mounting for use in fortifications. Shown without guns mounted, front oblique angle. Note heavy metal protective shrouding for the barrels, and circular openings for pan magazines. Square frame is intended to bolt into standard
476:
maximum of two minutes per gun, since the guns would be so heated after firing 6 magazines each, they would be ready to overheat, even with a minute to cool down after the first 3 magazines.
1225:
325:
refers specifically to the gun. The JM twin-mounts were the standard emplacement for the mle 1931 in fixed fortifications, while tanks and other AFVs received single guns.
140:
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1215:
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Some other guns in French service during the late 1940s were converted to ground role, with adoption of the side-mounted 35-round
617:
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This rate of fire could be sustained for 3 minutes per gun, before the accumulated heat built to a dangerous level.
101:
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51:
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345:
880:
352:
184:
689:
499:
mount consisted of a thick, metal, square frame, sized to fit into a standard French fortification
371:
105:
908:
720:
406:
1154:
189:
313:, or Reibel twin-mounted guns and really refers to the specialized twin-mounting frame used in
1181:
1108:
1083:
1058:
209:
359:. The variant used in fortifications was modified with a different rifling to accommodate the
760:
449:
262:
1039:
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224:
750 rounds per minute (theoretical); 450rpm for one minute or 150rpm sustained (practical)
192:
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318:
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41:
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the brief moments when switching the machine gun mounting for an artillery mount.
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types used standard triggers and stocks and were used for embrasure mounts in
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500:
382:
314:
946:
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588:
422:
392:(light machine gun) also designed by Lt Colonel Reibel, and based on the
386:
1080:
French
Foreign Légionnaire vs Viet Minh Insurgent: North Vietnam 1948–52
17:
780:
550: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
453:
199:
860:
800:
740:
677:
672:
840:
332:
261:
708:, captured examples. The MAC-1931 model served as Kpfw MG 331(f).
608:
294:
519:
381:
1931 machine gun is a gas operated weapon which fires from
337:
Opposite side of Reibel/MAC 1931 machine gun on display at
1057:. New Vanguard 267. Osprey Publishing. pp. 8, 20–21.
385:
and in full automatic only. It is derived from the French
692:, M1931As were used on vehicles or dismounted on tripods.
1129:"Viet Minh soldiers manning a French Reibel machinegun"
355:
and was loaded with vertical, side-mounted, 150-round
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32:
482:In cases of emergency, such as enemy crossing the
1107:. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 241.
433:and was intended for remote use in retractable
949:, a faster-firing, belt-fed derivative of the
939:, the BAR-based box-magazine fed LMG that the
301:era, as well as in fortifications such as the
8:
1082:. Combat 36. Osprey Publishing. p. 22.
1105:The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II
1226:Military equipment introduced in the 1930s
978:(in French). No. 220. pp. 12–16.
405:to aid control and a standard rifle-style
29:
566:Learn how and when to remove this message
1013:"Palmeraie de Gouro, au nord du Tchad".
507:sharing the same embrasure opening; the
963:
676:, used on armoured vehicles, such as
289:- machine gun, model of 1931), was a
7:
548:adding citations to reliable sources
339:Israel Defense Forces History Museum
305:. It is also sometimes known as the
141:Manufacture d'armes de Châtellerault
1053:Dunstan, Simon (21 February 2019).
1040:"Renault UE supply tankette (1932)"
1019:Fédération Nationale André Maginot
688:and on fortifications. During the
612:, used dismounted by governmental
25:
444:1931 in fixed emplacements was a
256:Telescopic (fortification mounts)
1178:France 1940 l'armement terrestre
1155:"Heavy Weapons of the Viet Cong"
1055:French Armour in Vietnam 1945–54
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813:
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733:
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374:and adapters for US M2 tripods.
268:Jumelage de mitrailleuses Reibel
54:(single-mount, tank-style model)
40:
1078:Windrow, Martin (20 Sep 2018).
973:"L'armement français en A.F.N."
535:needs additional citations for
429:featured a trigger operated by
1211:World War II weapons of France
1017:(in French). No. 3/2012.
1:
279:(official French designation
1153:Laemlein, Tom (2021-11-16).
344:The Reibel machine gun is a
618:Chadian Civil War (1965–79)
118:Chadian Civil War (1965–79)
1242:
614:Armée Nationale Tchadienne
448:twin-mount, complete with
87:
1216:World War II machine guns
971:Huon, Jean (March 1992).
953:1931 used aboard aircraft
311:Jumelage de mitrailleuses
178:
70:Place of origin
39:
1221:7.5Ă—54mm French firearms
394:Browning Automatic Rifle
348:weapon chambered in the
277:MAC mle 1931 machine gun
994:www.themaginotline.info
425:and cupolas, while the
1206:Machine guns of France
638:Renault UE Chenillette
341:
321:fortifications, while
272:
246:150-round pan magazine
220:Rate of fire
1133:talesofwar.tumblr.com
1103:Chris Bishop (2002).
336:
265:
102:1948 Arab–Israeli War
544:improve this article
230:Muzzle velocity
52:Saumur armour museum
1201:Medium machine guns
1176:Ferrard, Stéphane.
440:The standard for a
254:Iron (single guns)
106:First Indochina War
48:mitrailleuse mle 31
34:Reibel machine gun
990:"The Maginot line"
921:, used dismounted.
909:Yugoslav Partisans
342:
273:
124:Production history
1114:978-1-58663-762-0
976:Gazette des Armes
943:1931 was based on
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390:Fusil-Mitrailleur
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16:(Redirected from
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473:Accelerated rate
450:telescopic sight
417:configurations;
243:Feed system
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1159:The Armory Life
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367:of ammunition.
331:
317:cupolas on the
293:used in French
255:
190:7.5Ă—54mm French
179:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
78:Service history
55:
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656:, used on the
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592:, used on the
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492:
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459:stripper clips
330:
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258:
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240:
239:
234:830 m/s (with
232:
226:
225:
222:
216:
215:
212:
206:
205:
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196:
195:
193:7.5x55mm Swiss
187:
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147:Specifications
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903:Hotchkiss H35
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746:Hotchkiss H35
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726:Hotchkiss H35
722:
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690:Indochina War
687:
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658:Hotchkiss H35
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594:Hotchkiss H35
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533:This section
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505:anti-tank gun
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372:box magazines
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357:pan magazines
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1162:. Retrieved
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1136:. Retrieved
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1008:
997:. Retrieved
993:
984:
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940:
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556:January 2021
553:
542:Please help
537:verification
534:
508:
496:
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445:
441:
439:
431:Bowden cable
426:
418:
414:
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346:gas operated
343:
323:MAC mle 1931
322:
319:Maginot Line
310:
306:
303:Maginot line
299:World War II
286:
283:
281:Mitrailleuse
280:
276:
274:
267:
235:
171: length
137:Manufacturer
114:Algerian War
98:World War II
83:Used by
47:
1028:. May 2012.
1022: [
915:light tank.
905:light tank.
888:light tank.
886:Renault R35
868:light tank.
866:Renault R35
848:light tank.
846:Renault R35
828:light tank.
826:Renault R35
821:Switzerland
808:light tank.
806:Renault R35
788:light tank.
786:Renault R35
768:light tank.
766:Renault R35
748:light tank.
728:light tank.
686:Panhard EBR
660:light tank.
596:light tank.
484:barbed wire
480:Rapid fire;
466:normal fire
403:pistol grip
291:machine gun
271:embrasures.
110:Vietnam War
64:Machine gun
27:Machine gun
1195:Categories
1164:2022-10-18
1138:10 January
999:2015-11-15
958:References
884:, used on
881:Yugoslavia
864:, used on
844:, used on
824:, used on
804:, used on
784:, used on
764:, used on
682:Renault FT
350:7.5 mm MAS
46:Preserved
1015:La Charte
925:Viet Cong
919:Viet Minh
501:embrasure
446:JM Reibel
423:casemates
383:open bolt
365:ball type
353:cartridge
315:JM cloche
307:JM Reibel
185:Cartridge
947:MAC 1934
937:FM-24/29
931:See also
899:Chetniks
589:Bulgaria
491:barrels.
387:FM 24/29
361:balle D
329:Overview
129:Designed
18:MAC 1931
781:Lebanon
721:Hungary
705:Germany
653:Croatia
616:during
454:azimuth
435:turrets
407:trigger
309:, from
297:of the
236:balle C
200:Caliber
163:1030 mm
155:11.8 kg
50:in the
1184:
1111:
1086:
1061:
878:
861:Turkey
858:
838:
801:Poland
798:
778:
758:
741:Israel
738:
718:
702:
678:AMR 33
673:France
670:
650:
630:
606:
586:
379:modele
363:heavy
284:modèle
251:Sights
210:Action
204:7.5 mm
174:600 mm
169:Barrel
160:Length
73:France
1026:]
841:Syria
761:Italy
633:China
516:Users
295:tanks
88:Users
1182:ISBN
1140:2019
1109:ISBN
1084:ISBN
1059:ISBN
609:Chad
495:The
413:and
377:The
287:1931
275:The
152:Mass
132:1931
94:Wars
86:See
60:Type
951:mle
941:mle
684:or
546:by
442:mle
214:Gas
1197::
1157:.
1131:.
1024:fr
992:.
680:,
509:JM
497:JM
488:JM
452:,
437:.
398:JM
266:A
1167:.
1142:.
1117:.
1092:.
1067:.
1042:.
1002:.
640:.
620:.
569:)
563:(
558:)
554:(
540:.
427:T
419:F
415:F
411:T
238:)
20:)
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