163:
ready to nail, and labeled for easy assembly. Floor joists and bridging, sub-flooring, finished flooring, studs, rafters, sheathing, clapboards, shingles, stucco, plaster or drywall, columns, railings, doors and windows, hardware, nails, and paint for two exterior coats were included in the order. Plumbing, electrical, and heating systems were available for an additional charge. Although the lumber and hardware were standardized, the designs were not, and buyers were encouraged to personalize their order. Many models had two or three floor plans, while the exterior could be clapboards, shingles, stucco, or framed for brick. Walls, windows, and doors could be moved, added or eliminated. Porches, sun rooms, flower boxes, trellises, balconies, built-in cabinets, and a variety of door and sash patterns were available at an additional charge.
64:
238:
56:
44:
36:
28:
739:
250:
154:
dimension of wood, and this helped the builder identify where in the house that each piece went, with these identifying labels corresponding to information shown on the blueprints for the house. Thus, kit home manufacturers claimed to save the customer as much as 30 to 40 percent over traditional building methods. This description by researcher Dale
Wolicki of kit house manufacture by the
386:
230:
715:, in 2008 Lowe's began offering the cottages at all of its stores nationwide. However, although initially "hailed as the new Sears & Roebuck house," the program faced strong opposition from local governments in the Gulf Coast region who feared the cottages would lower property values, and by mid-2011, Lowe's had discontinued its product line.
660:. Throughout 1934 and 1935, customers paid off their home mortgages with Sears and Montgomery Ward. Without the profitable mortgage program Montgomery Ward decided to discontinue its offerings of pre-cut houses and building materials entirely. Sears, Roebuck continued to sell pre-cut houses but scaled back their operations significantly.
136:
A ready-cut house should not be confused with a sectional-portable house, which can be taken down and moved by being unbolted. A ready-cut house is a permanent house and the method of its construction is not different from any other frame house where the lumber is framed (or cut to its proper length,
215:
Sears was ... a very able follower of popular home designs but with the added advantage of modifying houses and hardware according to buyer tastes. Individuals could even design their own homes and submit the blueprints to Sears, which would then ship off the appropriate precut and fitted materials,
208:
Archives, "Sears actually encouraged builders of Modern Homes to save money by ordering their lumber from local lumber mills. Sears wanted Modern Homes to be cost-effective for buyers, which often meant purchasing materials locally and not from the few and geographically distant Sears lumber mills."
189:
The resulting houses were indistinguishable in quality and appearance from those built by traditional methods, if not better, yet were often significantly cheaper to build because of the savings on carpenters' and contractors' wages; and the cost of high-quality lumber bought from a large kit house
162:
All designs were standardized to maximize efficiency and reduce waste in materials and labor. Lumber and hardware were purchased in bulk. The factories had skilled employees and special machines to cut difficult pieces such as rafters and staircases. Lumber was pre-cut to length, guaranteed to fit,
207:
In addition to their pre-cut houses, some companies also sold only the house plans (with the homebuyer purchasing all the materials locally) or non-pre-cut versions of their houses (at a lower price), leaving it up to the buyer to arrange for construction and carpentry work. According to the Sears
185:
for unloading. Once the materials arrived, a customer would arrange for a local carpenter or contractor to assemble the house on a piece of property owned by the customer; or a customer who was handy with tools might assemble all or part of the house himself in several weeks or a few months' time.
994:
For example, in their 1912 catalog, Sears said of their model No. 159, priced at $ 652: "By allowing a fair price for labor, cement, brick, and plaster, which we do not furnish, this house can be built for about $ 1171.00, including all material and labor." Likewise, Sears designers estimated the
220:
In addition, with some companies, homebuyers could choose the quality of materials. Gordon-Van Tine offered discounts for customers who chose lesser-quality siding, roofing, doors, windows, and trim. Sears offered "Honor Bilt" homes, with the finest quality materials, as well as "Standard Built"
153:
shipped was already cut to fit its particular place in the house, thus eliminating the need for measuring and cutting, and likewise the waste of time (especially in the days before power tools) and of materials. The framing lumber pieces were labeled with a letter/number combo related to the
101:, and supplied at a fixed price all materials needed for construction of a particular house, but typically excluding brick, concrete, or masonry (such as would be needed for laying a foundation, which the customer would have to arrange to have done locally). Some house styles, like
186:
Although most shipments came by rail, newspaper advertisements in the late 1920s and early 1930s showed Sears offering truck delivery to buyers living within a 35 mile radius of their Newark, New Jersey plant, or their
Norwood, Ohio Sash & Door company.
687:, a kit house company established in 1945 and headquartered in Seattle, Washington, continues to sell its pre-cut exterior materials home packages internationally through a network of independent distributors. And beginning in 2006, for a few years
490:, in Toronto. They operated across the whole of Canada, from 1905 to 1952. They were truly pre-cut, and need very little skill to assemble. They also featured high-quality lumber, and the company offered a refund of $ 1 for each knot found in a kit.
198:
terms. For most homeowners, the complete cost of building a kit house was about double the catalog price, allowing for the construction of a foundation and labor costs. The price of land or a city lot on which to build would be another expense.
371:
Free DIY House
Projects for the Development of the Far East and the Arctic, together with the VologdaTIZIS integrated design workshop, has developed 4 projects for independent construction. All information is placed in the project cards.
221:
homes that were "best for warmer climates, meaning they did not retain heat very well", and "Simplex
Sectionals", made from prefabricated panels that could be bolted together, intended for use as temporary structures or summer homes.
172:
Depending on the size and style of the plan, the materials needed to construct a typical house, including perhaps 10,000–30,000 pieces of lumber and other building material, would be shipped by rail, filling one or two railroad
518:. In the 1919 and 1920 catalogues, all Eaton's houses were given a name starting in "Ea", thus, the Eatoncourt, Eastbourne, Easton, Eager, Earlswood, and Earlscourt. Although Eaton's houses were sold as kits, they were
93:, were a type of housing that was popular in the United States, Canada, and elsewhere in the first half of the 20th century. Kit house manufacturers sold houses in many different plans and styles, from simple
496:– by far the most important mail-order general retailer in Canada in the early twentieth century, it was also a provider of house kits from 1910 to 1932. They were only available in
291:
as examples of nationwide magazines where Gordon-VanTine advertised. Prospective customers could arrange to inspect kit houses in their vicinity or visit a company's factory to tour
652:
Contrary to popular belief
Montgomery-Ward and Sears Roebuck did not discontinue their pre-cut housing departments because of customers who defaulted on their mortgages. The
550:
Over 100,000 kit homes were built in the United States between 1908 and 1940. Companies offering kit houses during all or part of their corporate existence included:
752:
578:
155:
656:
programs introduced by the
Roosevelt administration encouraged homeowners to refinance existing mortgages at a lower rate through programs established by the
396:
1681:
343:
A number of companies offered kit houses, and sometimes also offered rudimentary "industrial" and summer cottages lacking bathrooms, as well as
1726:
648:; some went bankrupt, while others returned to their original function as suppliers of building materials. According to researcher Wolicki:
1654:
1223:
487:
1515:
1352:
1091:
831:
817:
798:
211:
Furthermore, some companies would provide reversed versions of their homes or make other modifications upon request. For example,
298:
The ease of construction and cost savings of kit houses appealed to many would-be homeowners across the economic spectrum, from
699:, with walls designed to withstand 140 mile-per-hour (223 kilometer-per-hour) winds, intended to provide temporary housing for
657:
411:
281:
486:, of the Michigan-based Aladdin Homes, the largest kit home seller in Canada, its Canadian headquarters were located in the
1639:
864:
237:
1736:
1577:
1187:
869:, 66th Congress. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1919. (See copy of letter from Sears lumber department, p. 719.)
1588:
724:
454:
526:
426:
1309:
959:
Standard size boxcars were 40 feet long and about ten feet wide until railroads began using longer ones in the 1960s.
177:, which would be loaded at the company's mill and sent to the customer's home town, where they would be parked on a
1731:
1365:
538:
534:
121:
565:
433:
1589:
Hodson, Jeff. "Lindal Cedar Homes founder dies," seattletimes.com, 16 September 2011. Accessed 30 November 2017.
1625:
594:
500:, not in Ontario or the East. Eaton's sold at least 40 different house plans, but the most common type was the
315:
1626:
Alter, Lloyd. "Katrina
Cottages Rolled out by Lowes Nationwide," Treehugger, 6 June 2008, accessed 6 July 2011
969:
63:
617:
59:
Cover of a 1922 catalog published by Gordon-Van Tine, showing building materials being unloaded from a boxcar
1741:
1245:
imported 200 pre-cut
Aladdin bungalows to house its influx of war workers, in a development still known as
440:
1054:
950:
National Trust for
Historic Preservation Library Collection, University of Maryland. Retrieved 5 Aug 2013.
757:
572:
1165:
275:
273:
and newspapers in those cities where kit home manufacturers had local sales offices. Dale
Wolicki lists
55:
43:
27:
1688:
1599:
422:
1446:
1242:
640:, Chicago, Illinois – 1910 to 1931 (actual manufacture of homes was subcontracted to Gordon-Van Tine)
590:
530:
327:
190:
company often was lower than at the local lumber yard. In addition, some companies, including Sears,
129:
1721:
1413:
586:
554:
515:
479:
1540:
1380:
1578:
Duse, Eleanor. "How Log Cabin Kits Work," HowStuffWorks.com, 10 March 2009. Accessed 5 July 2011.
1492:
777:
684:
644:
Kit house companies left the business for various economic reasons before, during, and after the
623:
558:
352:
299:
266:
146:
1519:
1262:
1391:
1333:
1298:
Hunter, Rebecca. "Historical Notes on Kit and Precut Homes," Kithouse.org, accessed 5 July 2011
791:
America's Favorite Homes: Mail-Order Catalogues as a Guide to Popular Early 20th-Century Houses
35:
1670:"The Katrina Cottage Plans are no longer available at Lowe's," Lowes.com, accessed 6 July 2011
1614:
1402:
1348:
1087:
827:
813:
794:
704:
348:
287:
645:
98:
48:
1503:
149:, which are built in sections at a factory, in a kit house every separate piece of framing
1643:
1457:
1424:
1273:
1212:
772:
696:
637:
582:
245:, May 1908. These were lightly constructed dwellings, not meant to be lived in year-round.
191:
1669:
1481:
269:
published by large retailers like Sears and Wards, and through advertisements in popular
253:
Ad for the "2071 Einontalo" manufactured by the Finnish company Puutalo during the 1950s.
1435:
1038:
727:, Alberta, has published a map of a self-guided driving tour of local catalogue houses.
633:
Sterling Homes, International Mill and Timber Company, Bay City, Michigan – 1915 to 1971
325:
The popularity of kit houses was attested in a roundabout way in the 1920 silent comedy
1274:"Bennett Homes: Better-Built & Ready-Cut," Antique Home Style, accessed 2 July 2011
1246:
744:
627:
497:
447:
344:
262:
249:
125:
335:, which shows Keaton constructing a build-it-yourself house that turns out all wrong.
1715:
995:
total building cost of their $ 1248 model No. 165 to be about $ 2640, and so on. See
762:
680:
332:
311:
195:
178:
106:
1447:"Pacific Ready Cut Homes: 1925," The Arts and Crafts Society, accessed 20 April 2016
1234:
675:
Although none of the traditional kit house companies are still in business, pre-cut
124:
kit houses were built as permanent, not temporary structures, as the manager of the
1191:
996:
665:
483:
182:
142:
67:
Illustration of kit home materials loaded in a boxcar from a 1952 Aladdin catalogue
802:
1238:
1188:""Aladdin Readi-Cut Houses," The Arts and Crafts Society, accessed 28 June 2011"
708:
692:
669:
385:
319:
307:
258:
117:
17:
1392:"Harris Brothers Bungalows," The Arts and Crafts Society, accessed 28 June 2011
1024:
910:"Historical Notes on Kit and Precut Homes," Kithouse.org, accessed 28 June 2011
867:
Hearings before a subcommittee of the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds
314:
built two kit houses made by Pacific Ready Cut Homes on lots they owned in the
1250:
853:
824:
Montgomery Ward's Mail-Order Homes; A History and Field Guide to Wardway Homes
734:
700:
493:
292:
880:
1636:
1469:
1009:"Questions and Answers on Sears Homes," Sears Archives, accessed 5 July 2011
1008:
767:
712:
360:
303:
194:, Gordon-Van Tine, and Harris Brothers, offered cash discounts and generous
102:
1541:"Montgomery Ward - Wardway Homes," Antique Home Style, accessed 2 July 2011
1493:"Sterling System Homes," The Arts and Crafts Society, accessed 28 June 2011
688:
229:
1482:"Sears Roebuck Houses," The Arts and Crafts Society, accessed 28 June 2011
854:"Kit Home Information," The Arts and Crafts Society, accessed 28 June 2011
1553:
1224:
Aladdin Company Archives, Clarke Historical Library, accessed 2 July 2011
933:
676:
653:
270:
94:
1069:
1425:"Kit Homes by Lewis Manufacturing," Antique Home, accessed 28 June 2011
1334:"Ready Built Homes," The Arts and Crafts Society, accessed 28 June 2011
608:
601:
947:
39:
A modest bungalow-style kit house plan offered by Harris Homes in 1920
1516:""Wardway Homes," The Arts and Crafts Society, accessed 28 June 2011"
1144:
1130:
614:
Liberty Homes, Lewis Manufacturing, Bay City, Michigan – 1925 to 1973
174:
150:
1310:"Internet Archive Search: creator:"Ray H. Bennett Lumber Co., Inc.""
1116:
1102:
1086:, reprint of 1923 catalog by Dover Publications, 1992, pp. 110–115.
1039:
Sears, Roebuck and Company, Antique Home Style, accessed 2 July 2011
1458:"Pacific Ready Cut Homes," Antique Home Style, accessed 2 July 2011
1263:"Bennett Homes," The Arts and Crafts Society, accessed 28 June 2011
1025:"What Is a Sears Modern Home?" Sears Archives, accessed 5 July 2011
934:
Wolicki, Dale, "Magazine," gordonvantine.com, accessed 28 June 2011
970:""Why Pay Rent when we make it so easy for you to own your home?""
248:
236:
228:
62:
54:
42:
34:
26:
1504:"Sterling System Homes," Antique Home Style, accessed 2 July 2011
1414:"Hewitt-Lea-Funck Co.," Antique Home Style, accessed 30 June 2011
810:
Houses by Mail: A Guide to Houses from Sears, Roebuck and Company
1655:
Jarvie, Jennie. "Post-Katrina cottages get a lukewarm welcome,"
356:
1436:"Lewis Manufacturing," Antique Home Style, accessed 2 July 2011
1403:"Harris Brothers Co.," Antique Home Style, accessed 2 July 2011
379:
1347:, reprint of 1923 catalog by Dover Publications, 1992, p. 1.
1213:"Aladdin Kit Homes," Antique Home Style, accessed 2 July 2011
1370:. FM collection. Archive.org: Gordon-Van Tine Co. p. 6.
403:
241:
Advertisement for knocked down kits for summer cottages, in
31:
Cover of the 1916 catalog of Gordon-Van Tine kit house plans
1381:"Gordon-Van Tine," Antique Home Style, accessed 2 July 2011
1297:
909:
158:
was typical of other kit house companies' efforts as well:
1345:
117 House Designs of the Twenties: Gordon-Van Tine Company
1084:
117 House Designs of the Twenties: Gordon-Van Tine Company
525:
Other smaller providers of mail-order kits included The
407:
257:
Kit houses were promoted through catalogs available at
1637:"Select a Plan," Cusato Cottages, accessed 6 July 2011
1468:
From 1929 to 1940 or later, the company also produced
668:, but most homebuyers flocked to the new, inexpensive
691:
supplied plans and materials (not pre-cut) for small
571:
Fenner Factory Cut Homes, Ready Built House Company,
881:"Authenticating: How do we know it's a Sears house?"
1615:Lowes Katrina Cottage FAQs, accessed 6 July 2011
216:putting the home owner in full creative control.
812:. Washington, D. C.: Preservation Press, 1986.
793:. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1990.
683:kits are offered by a number of manufacturers.
885:www.SearsHouses.com (Sears Houses In the U.S.)
808:Stevenson, Katherine Cole, and H. Ward Jandl.
672:subdivisions springing up across the country.
1600:Stark, Judy. "The House that Katrina Built,"
707:. Initially offered through Lowe's stores in
109:homes, are still sometimes sold in kit form.
8:
1055:Pollard-Terry, Gayle. "12,000 Easy Pieces,"
1020:
1018:
1016:
412:introducing citations to additional sources
1682:"Driving tour of historic catalogue houses"
1034:
1032:
849:
847:
51:kit home offered by Sterling Homes in 1916
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905:
903:
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753:Gordon-Van Tine Company Historic District
664:Some kit house companies continued after
402:Relevant discussion may be found on the
843:
600:Harris Homes, Harris Brothers Company,
1472:; see historical notes at Kithouse.org
1159:
1157:
1155:
943:
941:
822:Thornton, Rosemary, and Dale Wolicki.
703:residents who had lost their homes to
514:-storey, sometimes referred to as the
137:notched, etc.), by hand by carpenters.
1235:Austin Memories, accessed 5 July 2011
1059:, 16 July 2006, accessed 28 June 2011
789:Schweitzer, Robert, and W. R. Davis.
7:
1659:, 16 Dec. 2007, accessed 6 July 2011
1604:, 28 Jan. 2006, accessed 6 July 2011
475:The largest sellers in Canada were:
359:and other farm buildings, and even
826:. Gentle Beam Publications, 2010.
585:, Iowa, with additional plants in
568:, New York – 1902 to 1935 or later
25:
1367:Gordon-Van Tine's ready-cut homes
1168:. Canadian Museum of Civilization
527:B.C. Mills Timber and Trading Co.
128:lumber department explained to a
737:
395:relies largely or entirely on a
384:
1164:Henry, Les (22 October 2009).
976:. 23 February 1930. p. 69
658:Federal Housing Administration
1:
539:Manitoba Agricultural College
1727:Housing in the United States
1364:Gordon-Van Tine Co. (1916).
725:Municipal District of Acadia
620:, Los Angeles – 1908 to 1940
1758:
1131:For a growing family. 113m
1103:For a start-up family. 75m
1073:at Internet Movie Database
607:Hewitt-Lea-Funck Company,
535:University of Saskatchewan
604:, Illinois – 1913 to 1960
561:, Michigan – 1906 to 1981
488:Canadian Pacific Building
480:Canadian Aladdin Co. Ltd.
168:Delivery and construction
1145:For a large family. 138m
630:, Chicago – 1908 to 1940
595:Hattiesburg, Mississippi
1552:Wolicki, Dale Patrick.
1117:For a young family. 95m
618:Pacific Ready Cut Homes
575:, Oregon – 1912 to 1928
306:. For example, in 1928
156:Gordon-Van Tine Company
1642:12 August 2011 at the
865:United States Senate.
801:(Google Books preview
758:Kit houses in Michigan
662:
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60:
52:
40:
32:
1057:The Los Angeles Times
997:Sears Homes 1908-1914
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579:Gordon-Van Tine Homes
494:The T. Eaton Co. Ltd.
276:Saturday Evening Post
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58:
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38:
30:
1737:Prefabricated houses
1602:St. Petersburg Times
1243:Austin Motor Company
591:Chehalis, Washington
531:United Grain Growers
408:improve this article
147:prefabricated houses
130:United States Senate
1694:on 3 September 2013
1166:"Mail-order Houses"
974:New York Daily News
587:St. Louis, Missouri
353:apartment buildings
339:Kit house companies
300:blue-collar workers
282:National Geographic
267:mail-order catalogs
132:committee in 1919:
999:for more examples.
778:Sears Modern Homes
685:Lindal Cedar Homes
624:Sears Modern Homes
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247:
235:
69:
61:
53:
41:
33:
1732:Housing in Canada
1657:Los Angeles Times
705:Hurricane Katrina
593:; Louisiana; and
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288:Good Housekeeping
243:Popular Mechanics
84:ready-cut houses,
16:(Redirected from
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646:Great Depression
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468:
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318:neighborhood of
310:and his brother
233:1915 magazine ad
87:mail order homes
74:, also known as
49:Colonial Revival
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18:Mail order house
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1558:Gordon-Van Tine
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773:MAN steel house
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638:Montgomery Ward
636:Wardway Homes,
566:North Tonawanda
564:Bennett Homes,
548:
510:
506:
503:
501:
469:
463:
460:
417:
415:
401:
389:
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263:hardware stores
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192:Montgomery Ward
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115:
76:mill-cut houses
23:
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15:
12:
11:
5:
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1742:Do it yourself
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393:This section
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143:modular homes
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1696:. Retrieved
1689:the original
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1610:
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1520:the original
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1196:. Retrieved
1192:the original
1182:
1170:. Retrieved
1148:(in Russian)
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1134:(in Russian)
1126:
1120:(in Russian)
1112:
1106:(in Russian)
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784:Bibliography
722:
719:Preservation
674:
666:World War II
663:
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611:, Washington
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484:branch plant
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464:October 2013
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259:lumber yards
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183:freight yard
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97:to imposing
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1314:archive.org
1239:World War I
709:Mississippi
693:stick-built
670:tract house
423:"Kit house"
320:Los Angeles
316:Silver Lake
308:Walt Disney
293:model homes
225:Advertising
118:Stick-built
1722:Kit houses
1716:Categories
1554:"Magazine"
1470:surfboards
1253:, England.
1251:Birmingham
1172:26 January
838:References
701:Gulf Coast
537:, and the
434:newspapers
103:log cabins
72:Kit houses
1698:2 January
768:Leisurama
713:Louisiana
583:Davenport
404:talk page
361:outhouses
331:starring
271:magazines
99:Colonials
95:bungalows
1640:Archived
1563:20 April
1071:One Week
731:See also
677:log home
654:New Deal
559:Bay City
522:pre-cut.
349:duplexes
328:One Week
304:affluent
196:mortgage
181:or in a
1526:28 June
1319:30 June
1237:During
1198:28 June
609:Seattle
602:Chicago
509:⁄
448:scholar
345:garages
302:to the
175:boxcars
141:Unlike
1351:
1241:, the
1090:
980:11 May
890:9 July
830:
816:
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689:Lowe's
533:, the
450:
443:
436:
429:
421:
376:Canada
367:Russia
285:, and
179:siding
151:lumber
113:Design
1692:(PDF)
1685:(PDF)
455:JSTOR
441:books
357:barns
89:, or
1700:2013
1565:2016
1528:2011
1349:ISBN
1321:2020
1200:2011
1174:2017
1088:ISBN
982:2023
892:2023
828:ISBN
814:ISBN
803:here
795:ISBN
723:The
711:and
679:and
482:– a
427:news
261:and
145:and
105:and
1249:in
520:not
410:by
312:Roy
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462:(
452:·
445:·
438:·
431:·
414:.
400:.
20:)
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