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586:, made it even more difficult for Independence to endure. Finally, in winter of 1899, seven severe snowstorms cut the town off from the outside world for long periods of time. Residents ran out of food and other supplies, and when another storm hit, one of the worst in the state's history, all but one decided to evacuate. Tearing the 10–12 feet (3.0–3.7 m) siding planks off their houses, they used them as
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to issue an order barring any
European settlers from crossing the Divide. Despite that edict, more settlers came to the growing community, the first European settlement in the valley. The miners worked out a primitive government called a mining district to protect not only their claims but those of
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The two are grouped roughly around two areas: the former townsite, and the former mill, roughly 0.3 miles (480 m) apart. The townsite is an area of 17 acres (6.9 ha) with 19 buildings and 9 foundations; the mill has the remaining nine in a 4.3-acre (1.7 ha) area. A network of dirt
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They never returned to
Independence. Despite a brief resurgence in prospecting in 1907–08, by 1912 the village was completely abandoned. That year the Farwell Stamp Mill caught fire. Most of what remained was taken for use as building materials elsewhere. It and the other buildings were left to
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By 1888 the town's population had declined to 150 inhabitants. Later that year the first railroads reached Aspen, greatly reducing the stage traffic over the Divide, another pillar of the local economy. Five years later, the end of Aspen's boom, with the
Sherman Act's repeal in response to the
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to support the dollar. Aspen also had a milder climate—at
Independence's high elevation, the town was under heavy snow cover from late October to mid-May every year. (Even today, Highway 82 is closed during that time period, rendering Independence inaccessible by automobile for those months.)
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times. Gold production dropped to just $ 2,000 ($ 65,000 in modern dollars) in 1883 as most of the early veins were worked out. Miners and other residents began leaving
Independence for Aspen. The county seat had more economic opportunities, since several mining companies supported by wealthy
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By the next year
Independence had reached a population of 150, with some permanent buildings beginning to replace the original tents. Two other camps had been established further down the valley—Ute City just above the junction of the Roaring Fork and
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road, the predecessor of
Highway 82, was built from Leadville over the Divide. With the trip from that city to the other mining towns further down the valley taking 2–5 days, Independence also did business as an overnight stage stop.
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The remaining buildings are located in a 40-acre (16 ha) area along the north slope down to the river, on land owned by the
Loughren Trust. A total of 26 remain in some form; of those, eight are intact and standing. All are
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348:. It was never able to overcome the severe winters that resulted from its location at a high elevation in the mountains, and at the end of the 19th century all but one of the remaining residents abandoned Independence
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Cabin, since it housed one who lived at the site during the summers to maintain it and offer interpretive tours to visitors. Another large surviving cabin is believed to have served as one of the settlement's
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514:(originally Chloride), 10 miles (16 km) up Castle Creek from the junction. In 1881 a group of investors from Leadville called the Farwell Consolidated Mining Company bought up all the
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
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Two years after the first gold was struck, Independence was a prosperous mining town of 500. It had seven restaurants, 24 retail establishments, three
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effort at
Independence. Later in the century, after its listing on the Register, the Aspen Historical Society and other groups worked with the
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
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466:. Further west, just below Highway 82, is the large site of the former Farwell Mill, with some supporting timbers still visible.
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the log cabins, build the path network, add interpretive plaques and pay for an intern to live there during the summer months.
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developed on the site. Reports reached Leadville, where some earlier prospectors had retreated following hostility from the
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in the area. Independence's growth continued apace. In 1882 it had 1,500 residents, 47 businesses, five saloons, and two
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282:, United States. It is located at an elevation of 10,913 feet (3,326 m) 2.2 miles (3.6 km) directly west of
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investors were in town and its mines produced silver, which the federal government was required to buy under the
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deteriorate, although some of the mining claims remained active at least up to the time of its listing on the
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to the north. The portion of Independence closer to the river is on private land owned by the Loughren Trust.
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for the trip down the valley to Aspen. They humorously billed their escape as the "Hunter Pass Tenderfoot
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838:"National Register of Historic Places nomination, Independence and Independence Mill Site"
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to the last of the original mining settlements in the valley, Ute City, now renamed
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from April 20, 1899, until October 17, 1899. It has also been known historically as
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University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
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emerged as the ideal location for commerce in the region, and then became the
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It has been a ghost town since at least 1912. The remaining structures, all
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labor to replant the slopes and end the avalanche danger. It was the first
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Colorado
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1336:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
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Populated places on the National Register of Historic Places in Colorado
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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Despite this economic supremacy, Independence lost its bid to be the
391:. Highway 82 passes by the townsite on the north wall of the valley.
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National Register of Historic Places in Pitkin County, Colorado
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Bauer, William H.; Ozment, James L.; Willard, John H. (1990).
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of varying sizes, some without roofs. The rest have just left
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One cabin, towards the west end of the site, has been fully
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around the settlement, and established a stamping mill and
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Independence is located 13.5 miles (21.7 km) east of
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after a particularly heavy snowstorm to settle in Aspen.
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Independence, Pitkin County, Colorado (the United States)
804:
Colorado Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation
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Club Race", with an entry fee of one ham sandwich each.
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The land on the upper part of the slope is owned by the
898:
Colorado – Independence Pass — Chafee, Lake, Pitkin Cos
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In its heavy winters, the site was still vulnerable to
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That year would prove to be the peak of Independence's
340:, it lost population over the course of the decade as
1004:
Aspen: The History of a Silver-Mining Town, 1879–1893
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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3047:Former populated places in Pitkin County, Colorado
2619:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
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286:. It was the first settlement established in the
945:. Aspen Historical Society. 2008. Archived from
3011:National Register of Historic Places portal
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450:paths allows visitors to walk around the site.
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474:In 1879 prospectors began heading west from
290:, after gold was struck in the vicinity on
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1219:Map of Colorado highlighting Pitkin County
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2559:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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51:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
298:from July 14, 1881, until July 3, 1882;
1082:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"
776:Colorado Railroad Historical Foundation
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502:others who had retreated to Leadville.
331:Independence and Independence Mill Site
77:Independence and nearby mountains from
43:Independence and Independence Mill Site
34:
1080:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
497:tribe that had led Colorado governor
27:Ghost town in Colorado, United States
7:
3082:Populated places established in 1879
3052:Geography of Pitkin County, Colorado
327:National Register of Historic Places
740:List of protected areas of Colorado
2974:National Historic Preservation Act
1163:Municipalities and communities of
836:Bonomo, Mark (December 26, 1972).
720:Index of Colorado-related articles
609:U.S. Forest Service plaque at site
25:
2489:South Central Colorado Urban Area
2469:North Central Colorado Urban Area
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901:(Map). 1:24,000. USGS 7½-minute
735:List of post offices in Colorado
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433:Some of the remaining log cabins
321:In 1973, it was recognized as a
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3042:1879 establishments in Colorado
907:United States Geological Survey
877:(Map). Aspen Historical Society
768:Colorado Post Offices 1859–1989
730:List of ghost towns in Colorado
621:organized a program which used
418:and 13,301-foot (4,054 m)
3072:Mining communities in Colorado
2927:Federated States of Micronesia
2573:Architectural style categories
1001:Rohrbough, Malcolm J. (2000).
725:List of Colorado-related lists
246:
1:
984:, brochure available at site.
478:over the Divide and into the
139:Show map of the United States
1101:Interpretive plaque at site.
1074:American Antiquarian Society
1054:American Antiquarian Society
1013:University Press of Colorado
404:United States Forest Service
32:United States historic place
623:Civilian Conservation Corps
575:Sherman Silver Purchase Act
424:Hunter–Fryingpan Wilderness
416:Collegiate Peaks Wilderness
408:White River National Forest
361:White River National Forest
240:Mining Industry in Colorado
153:White River National Forest
3108:
2979:Historic Preservation Fund
2958:American Legation, Morocco
2459:Front Range Urban Corridor
1129:- Aspen Historical Society
980:Aspen Historical Society,
842:U.S. National Park Service
2999:
2920:Lists by associated state
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1177:
943:"Independence Ghost Town"
377:Colorado State Highway 82
245:NRHP reference
86:
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37:
2901:Northern Mariana Islands
2494:Southern Rocky Mountains
2449:Denver Metropolitan Area
705:Bibliography of Colorado
108:Location within Colorado
3057:Ghost towns in Colorado
1166:Pitkin County, Colorado
1127:Independence Ghost Town
982:Independence Ghost Town
871:Independence Ghost Town
553:after the abundance of
2896:Minor Outlying Islands
2879:Lists by insular areas
2593:Keeper of the Register
2484:South-Central Colorado
2444:Colorado Western Slope
1220:
610:
434:
60:U.S. Historic district
18:Mammoth City, Colorado
2598:National Park Service
2578:Contributing property
2474:Northwestern Colorado
2429:Colorado Mineral Belt
1218:
710:Geography of Colorado
619:Colorado Women's Club
608:
545:of the newly created
432:
412:Independence Mountain
222:40 acres (16 ha)
2953:District of Columbia
1768:Cherry Hills Village
1354:United States portal
949:on December 22, 2011
683:United States portal
414:to the south in the
195:39.1072°N 106.6059°W
111:Show map of Colorado
3067:History of Colorado
2518:Colorado portal
2454:Four Corners Region
1589:Tourist attractions
1494:Indian reservations
747:Outline of Colorado
715:History of Colorado
631:U.S. Forest Service
486:, and soon a small
480:Roaring Fork Valley
338:Roaring Fork Valley
288:Roaring Fork Valley
190: /
2499:Southwest Colorado
1221:
1015:. pp. 18–19.
611:
588:cross-country skis
435:
397:Continental Divide
381:Roaring Fork River
325:and listed on the
200:39.1072; -106.6059
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3028:
2583:Historic district
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2434:Colorado Piedmont
2018:Steamboat Springs
1893:Greenwood Village
1574:Statistical areas
1544:Prehistoric sites
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1115:State of Colorado
1022:978-0-87081-592-8
600:National Register
420:Geissler Mountain
393:Independence Pass
323:historic district
284:Independence Pass
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16:(Redirected from
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2419:Central Colorado
1873:Glenwood Springs
1773:Colorado Springs
1529:National Forests
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292:Independence Day
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2825:South Dakota
2815:Rhode Island
2810:Pennsylvania
2790:North Dakota
2509:
1843:Fort Collins
1763:Central City
1753:Castle Pines
1660:Homelessness
1640:Demographics
1609:Wildernesses
1539:Paleontology
1429:Bibliography
1409:
1318:Independence
1317:
1185:
1097:
1087:February 29,
1085:. Retrieved
1065:
1045:
1003:
981:
951:. Retrieved
947:the original
910:. Retrieved
897:
891:
879:. Retrieved
870:
847:February 26,
845:. Retrieved
812:. Retrieved
808:the original
794:
767:
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627:preservation
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508:Castle Creek
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308:Mammoth City
272:extinct town
268:Independence
267:
266:
206:Independence
163:Nearest city
29:
2946:Other areas
2906:Puerto Rico
2740:Mississippi
2655:Connecticut
2464:High Plains
2136:Clear Creek
2053:Wheat Ridge
2048:Westminster
1973:Monte Vista
1853:Fort Morgan
1848:Fort Lupton
1665:LGBT rights
1305:Ghost towns
1282:communities
1270:Woody Creek
1181:County seat
1058:1700–1799:
1038:1634–1699:
1009:Boulder, CO
953:October 28,
912:October 27,
903:quadrangles
881:October 28,
814:October 27,
484:the holiday
444:foundations
346:county seat
274:located in
198: /
185:106°36′21″W
173:Coordinates
3036:Categories
2855:Washington
2775:New Mexico
2770:New Jersey
2645:California
2391:Washington
2371:San Miguel
2351:Rio Grande
2346:Rio Blanco
2266:Las Animas
2246:Kit Carson
2121:Broomfield
2043:Walsenburg
2003:Rocky Ford
1983:Northglenn
1958:Louisville
1933:Las Animas
1758:Centennial
1748:Cañon City
1743:Burlington
1733:Broomfield
1718:Black Hawk
1549:Prehistory
1474:Government
1454:Coloradans
753:References
615:avalanches
440:log cabins
357:log cabins
312:Mount Hope
204: (
182:39°06′26″N
2865:Wisconsin
2830:Tennessee
2735:Minnesota
2710:Louisiana
2296:Montezuma
2236:Jefferson
2101:Archuleta
1948:Lone Tree
1943:Littleton
1938:Leadville
1918:Lafayette
1823:Englewood
1818:Edgewater
1650:Education
1559:Railroads
1514:Mountains
1469:Geography
1459:Elections
1414:(capital)
1332:Footnotes
555:that tree
488:tent city
476:Leadville
395:, at the
385:tributary
367:Geography
3021:Category
2850:Virginia
2800:Oklahoma
2780:New York
2755:Nebraska
2745:Missouri
2730:Michigan
2720:Maryland
2705:Kentucky
2685:Illinois
2660:Delaware
2650:Colorado
2640:Arkansas
2376:Sedgwick
2366:San Juan
2361:Saguache
2326:Phillips
2301:Montrose
2251:La Plata
2226:Huerfano
2221:Hinsdale
2216:Gunnison
2201:Garfield
2146:Costilla
2131:Cheyenne
2096:Arapahoe
2078:Counties
2033:Trinidad
2028:Thornton
2023:Sterling
2013:Sheridan
1978:Montrose
1963:Loveland
1953:Longmont
1923:Lakewood
1913:La Junta
1898:Gunnison
1868:Glendale
1858:Fountain
1838:Florence
1728:Brighton
1675:Religion
1670:Politics
1655:Gun laws
1625:Abortion
1584:Timeline
1509:Military
1449:Colleges
1401:Colorado
1313:Ashcroft
1295:Snowmass
1290:Meredith
1265:Redstone
1063:(1992).
1043:(1997).
641:See also
592:Snowshoe
534:and the
512:Ashcroft
455:restored
350:en masse
300:Sparkill
280:Colorado
252:73000484
149:Location
2967:Related
2870:Wyoming
2845:Vermont
2750:Montana
2690:Indiana
2670:Georgia
2665:Florida
2635:Arizona
2625:Alabama
2411:Regions
2336:Prowers
2286:Mineral
2271:Lincoln
2261:Larimer
2231:Jackson
2196:Fremont
2186:El Paso
2176:Douglas
2171:Dolores
2151:Crowley
2141:Conejos
2126:Chaffee
2116:Boulder
2091:Alamosa
1903:Holyoke
1888:Greeley
1813:Durango
1723:Boulder
1698:Alamosa
1645:Economy
1635:Culture
1618:Society
1579:Symbols
1569:Slavery
1524:Museums
1484:History
1439:Outline
635:restore
571:Eastern
532:saloons
520:sawmill
470:History
422:in the
387:of the
304:Chipeta
296:Farwell
2805:Oregon
2760:Nevada
2700:Kansas
2675:Hawaii
2630:Alaska
2566:Topics
2386:Teller
2381:Summit
2341:Pueblo
2331:Pitkin
2306:Morgan
2291:Moffat
2206:Gilpin
2191:Elbert
2166:Denver
2156:Custer
2038:Victor
2008:Salida
1993:Pueblo
1878:Golden
1863:Fruita
1808:Denver
1798:Dacono
1783:Cortez
1713:Aurora
1703:Arvada
1690:Cities
1680:Sports
1599:Trails
1564:Rivers
1489:Images
1421:Topics
1411:Denver
1323:Lenado
1260:Norrie
1236:Basalt
1019:
782:
510:, and
459:Intern
375:along
314:, and
270:is an
81:, 2011
2937:Palau
2835:Texas
2715:Maine
2680:Idaho
2356:Routt
2316:Ouray
2311:Otero
2276:Logan
2241:Kiowa
2211:Grand
2181:Eagle
2161:Delta
2086:Adams
1998:Rifle
1988:Ouray
1928:Lamar
1828:Evans
1803:Delta
1788:Craig
1738:Brush
1708:Aspen
1630:Crime
1594:Towns
1504:Lists
1434:Index
1397:State
1228:Towns
1206:Aspen
1188:Aspen
1070:(PDF)
1050:(PDF)
875:(PDF)
551:Aspen
536:Miner
524:stage
373:Aspen
342:Aspen
230:1880s
227:Built
167:Aspen
79:SH 82
2891:Guam
2840:Utah
2795:Ohio
2695:Iowa
2401:Yuma
2396:Weld
2321:Park
2281:Mesa
2256:Lake
2111:Bent
2106:Baca
2068:Yuma
2063:Wray
1252:CDPs
1198:City
1089:2024
1017:ISBN
955:2011
914:2011
883:2011
849:2013
816:2011
780:ISBN
566:boom
543:seat
522:. A
383:, a
219:Area
1499:Law
1399:of
633:to
602:.
492:Ute
329:as
247:No.
236:MPS
3038::
1184::
1169:,
1072:.
1052:.
1031:^
1011::
1007:.
989:^
963:^
922:^
905:.
857:^
840:.
824:^
802:.
778:.
774::
770:.
561:.
446:.
333:.
318:.
310:,
278:,
157:CO
155:,
2621::
2551:e
2544:t
2537:v
1389:e
1382:t
1375:v
1238:‡
1156:e
1149:t
1142:v
1091:.
1076:.
1056:.
1025:.
957:.
916:.
885:.
851:.
818:.
788:.
208:)
20:)
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