Knowledge (XXG)

Maneki-neko

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during the Genroku era of the Edo period. Usugumo was an oiran who worked in Miuraya and always carried a cat with her. People rumoured that Usugumo was a woman bewitched by a demonic cat, and the owner of Miuraya, believing the rumour, cut off the cat's head and killed it. The cat's severed head bit
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can be found with either the right or left paw raised (and sometimes both). The significance of the right and left raised paw differs with time and place. A statue with the left paw raised is to get more customers, while the right paw raised is to get more money. Hence it is also said that the one
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is waving rather than beckoning. This is due to the difference in gestures and body language recognized by some Westerners and the Japanese. The Japanese beckoning gesture is made by holding up the hand, palm down, and repeatedly folding the fingers down and back, thus the cat's appearance. Some
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According to a folktale, the operator of an impoverished shop (or inn, tavern, temple, etc.) took in a starving stray cat despite barely having enough to feed himself. In gratitude, the cat sat in the front of the store beckoning customers, thus bringing prosperity as a reward to the charitable
531:. She had abandoned her cat out of poverty. One day, the cat came to her in a dream and told her that if she made an ornament of the cat, she would be blessed with good luck. The old woman made an ornament of the cat out of Imado ware, a local speciality, and sold it at the 913:
Carlson, Kathie; Flanagin, Michael N.; Martin, Kathleen; Martin, Mary E.; Mendelsohn, John; Rodgers, Priscilla Young; Ronnberg, Ami; Salman, Sherry; Wesley, Deborah A. (2010). Arm, Karen; Ueda, Kako; Thulin, Anne; Langerak, Allison; Kiley, Timothy Gus; Wolff, Mary (eds.).
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Temple to rest after being beckoned by a cat at the temple gate. A violent thunderstorm soon followed, and they marvelled at the cat's good fortune and thanked the temple priest for his hospitality. As a result, Gōtoku-ji became the family temple of the
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a giant snake lurking in the toilet, saving Usugumo's life. A regular customer gave Usugumo, who was grieving over the cat's death, a wooden carving in the shape of a cat, which was imitated and sold in Asakusa, giving rise to
221:, different color variations were born. The original white color is to get good luck and overall good fortune, while black is to ward off evil, red is for good health, yellow or gold is for wealth, and pink is for romance. 241: 229: 2557: 58:
figurine which is often believed to bring good luck to the owner. In modern times, they are usually made of ceramic or plastic. The figurine depicts a cat, traditionally a
1044: 710: 493: 513:, where he was later able to turn the tide and win the war. Dōkan was so grateful to the cat that he donated a sculpture of the cat to the temple, and the 312:(1573–1592), clay suitable for pottery was discovered in Imado in Asakusa, and local people began to make Imado ware. In the Edo period, potters from the 690: 151:
made specifically for some Western markets will have the cat's paw facing upwards, in a beckoning gesture that is more familiar to most Westerners.
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is frequently mistaken for being Chinese in origin rather than Japanese, and is therefore sometimes referred to as a "Chinese lucky cat" or
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come in different colors and styles and vary in degrees of detail. Common colors are white, black, red, and gold. In addition to statues,
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parlors, dry cleaners, laundromats, bars, casinos, hotels, nightclubs, and other businesses, generally near the entrance, as well as
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Daniels, Inge Maria (2003). "Scooping, raking, beckoning luck: luck, agency and the interdependence of people and things in Japan".
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Bye Bye Kamla, Bye Bye! | Bye Bye Kamla, Bye Bye! #VotePNM2015 #RedandReady | By PNM - The People's National MovementFacebook
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Temple, Tokyo. In 1876, during the Meiji era, it was mentioned in a newspaper article, and there is evidence that
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proprietor. Ever after, the "beckoning cat" has been a symbol of good luck for small business owners.
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are a modern iteration. Those sources power a simple circuit that regulates a current going through a
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The Power of Nonverbal Communication: How You Act is More Important Than what You Say
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may be made of carved wood, stone and metal, handmade porcelain or cast iron.
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with motorized arm beckons customers to buy lottery tickets in Tokyo, Japan
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moved to Imado in Asakusa and further developed Imado ware, and in the
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are equipped with a mechanical paw which slowly moves back and forth.
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subsequently "pushes" a magnet mounted to the end of the waving arm.
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include it being able to "beckon...customers into shops" and "bring
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are sometimes referred to simply as "lucky cats" or "calling cats".
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Temple. The temple is famous for its folklore as the birthplace of
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and prosperity into households", and it being an embodiment of "
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indicates that by the turn of the century they were popular.
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Because of its popularity in Chinese communities (including
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The third folklore concerns an old woman who lived near the
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coin, with one paw raised in a beckoning gesture. To some
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with left paw is for business and the right is for home.
1218:(in Japanese). Mynavi News. 22 July 2014. Archived from 390:
There are various folklore in Japan about the origin of
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were white, but over the years with the combination of
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Perceptions of religious imagery in natural phenomena
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The Book of Symbols: Reflections on Archetypal Images
1107:"An Electromagnet Brings Harmony To This Waving Cat" 1053:. Amagasaki, Japan: Takeguchi Momoko. Archived from 2490: 2131: 1977: 1748: 1655: 1619: 1583: 1542: 1315:""Waneko" Studies: A Journey into Japan's Cat Lore" 324:were made, which is thought to have given rise to 1243: 1241: 1239: 1237: 483:(1336–1573) who later became the first to build 1309: 1307: 1280: 1278: 1276: 1130: 1128: 1126: 720:taken from the front page of local newspapers. 1286:"Fortune Beckons: Japan's Lucky Cat Figurines" 1167: 1165: 1163: 716:alongside headlines of scandals linked to her 612:("golden cat"). This cat is also prevalent in 142:are notable exceptions) it may seem as if the 1520: 347:appear in the Bukō nenpyō's (a chronology of 122:are traditionally depicted seated, holding a 8: 616:domestically, and is usually referred to as 1430:Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary 1317:. nippon.com. 23 April 2021. Archived from 1288:. nippon.com. 1 August 2014. Archived from 1208: 1206: 1204: 1202: 1200: 383:during this time. A 1902 advertisement for 340:made of Imado ware in the late Edo period. 39: 1527: 1513: 1505: 1451:. San Diego: Mingei International Museum. 691:2015 Trinidad and Tobago general election 1432:(4 ed.). Tokyo: Kenkyusha Limited. 1045:"Maneki Neko: Feline Fact & Fiction" 1038: 1036: 1034: 1032: 1030: 1028: 648: 881: 727: 705:days before election day, featuring a 424:, are known as the birthplaces of the 7: 2079:Russian traditions and superstitions 1215:東京都の"招き猫発祥の地"である豪徳寺・自性院・今戸神社、猫はどう違う? 1074: 1072: 908: 906: 904: 16:Japanese figurine of a beckoning cat 718:People's Partnership administration 489:Battles of Ekodahara and Numabukuro 193:from the Edo period, 18th century. 1470:. San Francisco: Chronicle Books. 1468:Lucky Cat: He Brings You Good Luck 1144:. 26 December 2017. Archived from 517:was created in later generations. 472:was created in later generations. 451:The most famous folklore concerns 99:, pots, and numerous other media. 14: 2578:Superstitions in Muslim societies 1105:Scharfglass, Kerry (2018-06-01). 1003:"Manekineko: Japanese Lucky Cats" 398:that appear in folklore, such as 1492: 1421:10.1111/j.1467-9655.2003.00166.x 1181:. 7 January 2017. Archived from 1080:"招き猫の色やあげている手の違いなど知られざる意味を一挙解説!" 829: 820: 811: 802: 793: 784: 775: 766: 757: 748: 739: 730: 695:People's National Movement (PNM) 542:The fourth folklore concerns an 379:were distributed at a shrine in 1766:Superstition in the Philippines 1409:Royal Anthropological Institute 1137:招き猫ってそもそも何?発祥は豪徳寺?今戸神社?秘密を徹底検証! 889:Taggart, Emma (July 26, 2021). 674:Temple. Hikone City is home to 394:. Several Buddhist temples and 343:One of the earliest records of 328:. The earliest known record of 1257:. 6 March 2016. Archived from 638: 629: 621: 233:"Joruri-machi Hanka no zu" by 1: 2553:Obsessive–compulsive disorder 2310:End-of-the-day betting effect 2074:Ravens of the Tower of London 1990:Barbary macaques in Gibraltar 1388:Dale-Green, Patricia (1963). 1174:招き猫のルーツを探る ささやかな庶民の願いこめ、化け続ける 693:, won by the then opposition 475:The second folklore concerns 292:as figurines originated from 288:. It is a common theory that 272:It is commonly believed that 2177:Seventh son of a seventh son 1392:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 1250:招き猫発祥地争い 浅草・今戸神社と世田谷・豪徳寺が主張中 1086:(in Japanese). 27 March 2019 976:Globalbusinessleadership.com 115:Maneki-neko in a shop, Japan 87:can be found in the form of 1009:. About.com. Archived from 972:"Gestures around the World" 701:utilized by the PNM in its 604:in the United States), the 161:Battery- and solar-powered 2685: 1964:Numbers in Chinese culture 2563:Post hoc ergo propter hoc 1799:Ghosts in Bengali culture 1447:Pate, Alan Scott (2011). 1428:Masuda, Koh, ed. (1991). 943:Calero, Henry H. (2005). 682:that was the base of the 2609:Japanese popular culture 2250:Auspicious wedding dates 2027:Icelandic magical staves 1839:Puppy pregnancy syndrome 1761:Superstition in Pakistan 1627:Superstition in Ethiopia 1611:Theatrical superstitions 1466:Wellman, Laurel (2004). 1249: 1214: 1173: 1136: 304:(1603–1868). During the 2634:Cats in popular culture 2573:Superstition in Judaism 2094:Spilling water for luck 2084:Superstition in Britain 1342:Bye Bye Kamla, Bye Bye! 709:waving goodbye to then 2639:Superstitions of Japan 2619:Japanese folk religion 2342:Four eleven forty-four 2089:Superstition in Serbia 1771:Japanese superstitions 1606:Sailors' superstitions 1601:List of bad luck signs 714:Kamla Persad-Bissessar 448: 310:Azuchi-Momoyama period 269: 238: 198: 116: 29: 2508:Astrology and science 2255:Baseball superstition 1776:Superstition in Korea 1756:Superstition in India 1596:List of lucky symbols 1591:List of superstitions 865:List of lucky symbols 434: 244: 232: 189:and Okiagari-Koboshi 184: 171:electromagnetic field 114: 24: 2583:Traditional medicine 2069:Rabbit rabbit rabbit 1501:at Wikimedia Commons 703:campaign advertising 351:) entry dated 1852. 332:as figurines is the 256:in the style of the 201:Antique examples of 185:A wooden mold for a 2392:Maternal impression 2244:Number of the Beast 2015:The Goodman's Croft 1690:Curse of Tippecanoe 1390:The Cult of the Cat 1043:Pate, Alan (2008). 626:traditional Chinese 552:) named Usugumo in 479:, a warlord of the 308:(1573–1592) of the 2568:Questionable cause 2538:Magic and religion 2300:Davy Jones' Locker 2064:Powder of sympathy 1735:White lighter myth 1345:, 2 September 2015 1321:on 31 January 2023 1292:on 9 November 2018 1261:on 15 October 2021 1222:on 7 December 2022 1001:Mishima, Shizuko. 618:simplified Chinese 596:In popular culture 449: 270: 239: 199: 117: 30: 2629:Japanese folk art 2624:Japanese folklore 2596: 2595: 2442:Sign of the horns 2347:Gambler's conceit 2204:triskaidekaphobia 2196:The Thirteen Club 2100:The Scottish Play 1809:Kuai Kuai culture 1664:Ascalapha odorata 1497:Media related to 1458:978-0-914155-25-6 1399:978-0-517-17500-2 1179:The Asahi Shimbun 956:978-1-56343-788-5 929:978-3-8365-1448-4 686:for generations. 680:National Treasure 588:, life-enhancing 439:are enshrined in 363:, a variation of 353:Utagawa Hiroshige 336:, a variation of 284:) or, sometimes, 248:, a variation of 235:Utagawa Hiroshige 2676: 2543:Magical thinking 2503:Apotropaic magic 2437:Shoes on a table 2412:Numismatic charm 2377:Law of contagion 2372:Knocking on wood 2270:Bread and butter 2200:thirteenth floor 2163:Four-leaf clover 2153:Three on a match 2111:Tycho Brahe days 2033:In bocca al lupo 1859:Okiagari-koboshi 1720:Oscar love curse 1670:Bermuda Triangle 1529: 1522: 1515: 1506: 1496: 1481: 1462: 1443: 1424: 1403: 1374: 1373: 1372: 1371: 1359: 1353: 1352: 1351: 1350: 1337: 1331: 1330: 1328: 1326: 1311: 1302: 1301: 1299: 1297: 1282: 1271: 1270: 1268: 1266: 1245: 1232: 1231: 1229: 1227: 1210: 1195: 1194: 1192: 1190: 1169: 1158: 1157: 1155: 1153: 1132: 1121: 1120: 1118: 1117: 1102: 1096: 1095: 1093: 1091: 1076: 1067: 1066: 1064: 1062: 1057:on 14 March 2013 1040: 1023: 1022: 1020: 1018: 1013:on 28 April 2012 998: 992: 991: 989: 987: 982:on 11 March 2017 978:. 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1805: 1804:Jackal's horn 1802: 1800: 1797: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1783: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1753: 1751: 1747: 1741: 1738: 1736: 1733: 1731: 1728: 1726: 1723: 1721: 1718: 1716: 1713: 1711: 1710:Groundhog Day 1708: 1706: 1703: 1701: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1691: 1688: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1666: 1665: 1661: 1660: 1658: 1654: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1624: 1622: 1618: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1588: 1586: 1582: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1547: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1530: 1525: 1523: 1518: 1516: 1511: 1510: 1507: 1500: 1495: 1491: 1490: 1486: 1479: 1477:0-8118-4121-9 1473: 1469: 1464: 1460: 1454: 1450: 1445: 1441: 1439:4-7674-2025-3 1435: 1431: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1405: 1401: 1395: 1391: 1386: 1385: 1380: 1366: 1365: 1358: 1355: 1344: 1343: 1336: 1333: 1320: 1316: 1310: 1308: 1304: 1291: 1287: 1281: 1279: 1277: 1273: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1244: 1242: 1240: 1238: 1234: 1221: 1217: 1209: 1207: 1205: 1203: 1201: 1197: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1168: 1166: 1164: 1160: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1131: 1129: 1127: 1123: 1112: 1108: 1101: 1098: 1085: 1081: 1075: 1073: 1069: 1056: 1052: 1051: 1046: 1039: 1037: 1035: 1033: 1031: 1029: 1025: 1012: 1008: 1004: 997: 994: 981: 977: 973: 966: 963: 958: 952: 948: 947: 939: 936: 931: 925: 921: 917: 909: 907: 905: 901: 896: 895:My Modern Met 892: 885: 882: 875: 871: 868: 866: 863: 861: 858: 856: 853: 851: 848: 846: 843: 842: 838: 832: 827: 823: 818: 814: 809: 805: 800: 796: 791: 787: 782: 778: 773: 769: 764: 760: 755: 751: 746: 742: 737: 733: 728: 723: 721: 719: 715: 712: 708: 704: 700: 696: 692: 687: 685: 681: 677: 676:Hikone Castle 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 651: 645: 641: 635: 627: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 595: 593: 591: 587: 583: 579: 575: 574:Superstitions 568: 566: 562: 560: 555: 551: 547: 546: 540: 539:was created. 538: 534: 528: 523: 518: 516: 510: 505: 501: 495: 490: 487:. During the 486: 482: 478: 473: 471: 467: 462: 458: 454: 446: 442: 438: 433: 429: 427: 421: 416: 410: 405: 401: 397: 393: 388: 386: 382: 378: 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 341: 339: 335: 331: 327: 323: 320:(1688–1704), 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 267: 263: 259: 255: 251: 247: 243: 236: 231: 224: 222: 220: 216: 208: 206: 204: 196: 192: 188: 183: 176: 174: 172: 168: 164: 159: 156: 152: 150: 145: 141: 137: 133: 129: 125: 121: 113: 106: 104: 102: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 78: 76: 72: 68: 64: 61: 57: 49:beckoning cat 37: 36: 27: 23: 19: 2664:Cat folklore 2588:Urban legend 2472:Wishing well 2432:Ship sponsor 2407:Numerophobia 2387:Lock of hair 2334: 2285:Chain letter 2120: 2098: 2031: 2021:Himmelsbrief 2019: 1985:August curse 1969:Yantra cloth 1853: 1781: 1740:Witch window 1662: 1536:Superstition 1467: 1448: 1429: 1412: 1408: 1389: 1381:Bibliography 1368:, retrieved 1363: 1357: 1347:, retrieved 1341: 1335: 1323:. Retrieved 1319:the original 1294:. Retrieved 1290:the original 1263:. Retrieved 1259:the original 1224:. Retrieved 1220:the original 1187:. Retrieved 1183:the original 1150:. Retrieved 1146:the original 1114:. Retrieved 1110: 1100: 1088:. Retrieved 1083: 1059:. Retrieved 1055:the original 1048: 1015:. Retrieved 1011:the original 1007:Japan Travel 1006: 996: 984:. Retrieved 980:the original 975: 965: 945: 938: 915: 894: 884: 706: 698: 688: 667: 654: 647: 637: 609: 605: 599: 582:good fortune 577: 572: 563: 558: 543: 541: 536: 522:Imado Shrine 519: 514: 500:Toshima clan 498:against the 474: 469: 450: 444: 436: 425: 415:Imado Shrine 391: 389: 384: 376: 364: 360: 344: 342: 337: 333: 329: 325: 289: 280:(then named 273: 271: 249: 245: 214: 213:Originally, 212: 202: 200: 186: 162: 160: 154: 153: 148: 143: 119: 118: 100: 84: 80: 79: 74: 34: 33: 31: 25: 18: 2669:Inari faith 2659:Cats in art 2513:Coincidence 2467:Toi toi toi 2382:Literomancy 2275:Break a leg 2234:Curse of 39 2167:tetraphobia 2106:Troll cross 1995:Bayern-luck 1929:Kuman Thong 1854:Maneki-neko 1849:Kanai Anzen 1834:Pichal Peri 1829:Nazar battu 1715:I'noGo tied 1543:Main topics 1499:Maneki neko 1449:Maneki Neko 1084:nekochan.jp 1061:30 December 855:Hello Kitty 707:maneki-neko 668:maneki-neko 658:'s mascot, 656:Hikone City 606:maneki-neko 592:energies." 578:maneki-neko 559:maneki-neko 537:maneki-neko 525: [ 515:maneki-neko 507: [ 492: [ 470:maneki-neko 455:during the 445:maneki-neko 437:maneki-neko 426:maneki-neko 418: [ 407: [ 392:maneki-neko 385:maneki-neko 377:maneki-neko 365:maneki-neko 345:maneki-neko 338:maneki-neko 330:maneki-neko 326:maneki-neko 322:Imado dolls 318:Genroku era 300:during the 290:maneki-neko 274:maneki-neko 250:maneki-neko 215:maneki-neko 203:maneki-neko 191:Daruma doll 187:maneki-neko 177:Composition 163:maneki-neko 155:Maneki-neko 149:maneki-neko 144:maneki-neko 120:Maneki-neko 101:Maneki-neko 93:piggy banks 85:maneki-neko 81:Maneki-neko 75:maneki-neko 35:maneki-neko 26:Maneki-neko 2603:Categories 2548:Numerology 2523:Divination 2477:Witch ball 2427:Rainmaking 2330:First-foot 2290:Cramp-ring 2280:Bullroarer 2122:Wolfssegen 2116:Witch post 2010:Cornicello 1934:Palad khik 1914:Pagtatawas 1370:2024-03-27 1349:2024-03-27 1255:Shogakukan 1142:Shogakukan 1116:2024-02-15 986:4 December 876:References 664:Ii Naotaka 639:zhāocáimāo 602:Chinatowns 576:about the 485:Edo Castle 457:Kan'ei era 453:Ii Naotaka 306:Tenshō era 302:Edo period 294:Imado ware 266:Edo period 254:Imado ware 128:Westerners 71:households 2649:Figurines 2498:Apophenia 2462:Threshold 2265:Black cat 2054:Need-fire 1944:Nang Kwak 1894:Albularyo 1879:Feng shui 1874:Fan death 1819:Navaratna 1789:Chhaupadi 1637:Gris-gris 1570:Talismans 870:Neko-dera 672:Gōtoku-ji 554:Yoshiwara 550:courtesan 477:Ōta Dōkan 461:Gōtoku-ji 441:Gōtoku-ji 400:Gōtoku-ji 219:Feng Shui 136:Spaniards 89:keychains 2518:Debunker 2049:Mooncalf 2005:Cimaruta 1959:Jin Chan 1695:Curupira 1680:Carranca 1675:Brujería 1656:Americas 1555:Evil eye 1111:Hackaday 1090:18 April 1017:3 August 918:. Köln: 860:Jin Chan 850:Fukusuke 845:Bakeneko 839:See also 689:For the 666:and the 660:Hikonyan 644:Jyutping 369:Sensō-ji 296:sold in 252:made of 169:, whose 132:Italians 67:pachinko 56:Japanese 2491:Related 2224:27 Club 2132:General 1869:Omamori 1844:Akabeko 1814:Muhurta 1784:(ghost) 1685:Cooties 920:Taschen 724:Gallery 684:Ii clan 586:fertile 569:Beliefs 466:Ii clan 357:ukiyo-e 298:Asakusa 225:History 73:. Some 43:  2402:Nelson 1978:Europe 1939:Takrut 1899:Barang 1889:Agimat 1794:Churel 1620:Africa 1550:Amulet 1474:  1455:  1436:  1396:  1325:2 July 1296:2 July 1265:2 July 1226:2 July 1189:2 July 1152:2 July 953:  926:  646:: 636:: 634:pinyin 628:: 620:: 610:jīnmāo 590:feline 375:-clad 373:kimono 237:, 1852 209:Colors 140:Greeks 60:calico 38:(招き猫, 2417:Penny 2295:Curse 2183:11:11 1919:Pasma 1904:Kulam 1864:Ofuda 1824:Nazar 1782:Bhoot 1725:Susto 1700:Djucu 1642:Sampy 1584:Lists 614:China 545:oiran 529:] 511:] 496:] 435:Many 422:] 411:] 381:Osaka 286:Kyoto 278:Tokyo 262:Ansei 124:koban 2362:Jinx 1924:Usog 1909:Lihi 1749:Asia 1730:Veve 1632:Buda 1565:Omen 1560:Luck 1472:ISBN 1453:ISBN 1434:ISBN 1394:ISBN 1327:2023 1298:2023 1267:2023 1228:2022 1191:2023 1154:2023 1092:2019 1063:2012 1019:2009 988:2012 951:ISBN 924:ISBN 697:, a 678:, a 413:and 260:and 258:Kaei 167:coil 138:and 40:lit. 32:The 2367:Hex 2240:666 1417:doi 670:of 630:招財貓 622:招财猫 355:'s 349:Edo 282:Edo 2605:: 2230:39 2220:27 2210:17 2202:, 2198:, 2194:, 2188:13 2165:, 1411:. 1306:^ 1275:^ 1236:^ 1199:^ 1162:^ 1125:^ 1109:. 1071:^ 1047:. 1027:^ 1005:. 974:. 903:^ 893:. 652:. 642:; 632:; 624:; 561:. 527:ja 509:ja 494:ja 428:. 420:ja 409:ja 402:, 134:, 95:, 91:, 2246:) 2242:( 2236:) 2232:( 2226:) 2222:( 2216:) 2212:( 2206:) 2190:( 2179:) 2175:( 2173:7 2169:) 2161:( 2159:4 2155:) 2151:( 2149:3 2145:) 2141:( 2139:1 1528:e 1521:t 1514:v 1480:. 1461:. 1442:. 1423:. 1419:: 1413:9 1402:. 1329:. 1300:. 1269:. 1230:. 1193:. 1156:. 1119:. 1094:. 1065:. 1021:. 990:. 959:. 932:. 897:. 548:( 447:. 268:. 197:. 130:( 52:' 46:'

Index


Japanese
calico
Japanese Bobtail
pachinko
households
keychains
piggy banks
air fresheners

koban
Westerners
Italians
Spaniards
Greeks
coil
electromagnetic field

Daruma doll
Brooklyn Museum
Feng Shui

Utagawa Hiroshige

Imado ware
Kaei
Ansei
Edo period
Tokyo
Edo

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