42:
3869:
3265:
1139:
3879:
1153:
1886:
3889:
1071:" (the Chola who follows justice) because he executed his own son to provide justice to a cow. Legend has it that the king hung a giant bell in front of his courtroom for anyone needing justice to ring. One day, he came out on hearing the ringing of the bell by a cow. Upon enquiry, he found that the calf of that cow had been killed under the wheels of his son's
962:
1075:. In order to provide justice to the cow, Ellalan killed his own son, Veedhividangan, under the chariot as his own punishment i.e. Ellalan made himself suffer as much as the cow. Impressed by the justice of the king, Lord Shiva blessed him and brought back the calf and his son alive. He has been mentioned in the
953:
The climactic battle is said to have occurred as
Dutugamunu drew close to Anuradhapura. On the night before, both King Ellalan and prince Dutugamunu are said to have conferred with their counsellors. The next day both kings rode forwards on war elephants, Ellalan "in full armour . . . with chariots,
1060:
827:
Ellalan is a peculiar figure in the history of Sri Lanka and one with particular resonance given the past ethnic strife in the country. Although he was an invader, he is often regarded as one of Sri Lanka's wisest and most just monarchs, as highlighted in the ancient
1098:. After that he ordered his ministers to kill him but the ministers replied that Buddha would not approve such an act. The king asked what he should do to rectify the damage and they said that repairing the structure would be enough which is what he did.
954:
soldiers and beasts for riders". Dutugamunu's forces are said to have defeated those of
Ellalan forces. Dutugamunu, declaring that 'none shall kill Ellalan but myself', closed on him at the south gate of Anuradhapura, where the two engaged in an
1017:, when these troops were directed against the Chola empire, they rebelled and were suppressed and decommissioned. But they continued to exist in a passive state by taking up various jobs for livelihood. The Valanjayara, a sub-section of the
927:, who challenged him. Confrontation between the two monarchs was inevitable and the last years of Ellalan's reign were consumed by the war between the two. Ellalan was near seventy years when the battle with the young Dutugamunu took place.
1259:
A later chapter of the 'Great
Chronicle' describes how the Chola prince Elara (Ellalan) of Thiruvarur invaded and captured the throne of Lanka in about 205 BCE but was later killed in battle by the Sinhala prince Dutugamunu in about
824:
states that he ruled 'with even justice toward friend and foe, on occasions of disputes at law, and elaborates how he even ordered the execution of his son for killing a calf under his chariot wheels.
1001:
contains numerous references to the loyal troops of the Chola empire and portrays them as a powerful force. They held various positions including taking custody of temples during the period of
1780:
1033:
troops. It is their inscriptions, for example the one in
Polunnaruwa, that are actually used to fix the length of the reign of Sinhalese kings; in this case, Vijayabahu I (55 years).
3303:
1021:
troops, were one such community, who in the course of time became traders. They were so powerful that the shrine of the tooth-relic was entrusted to their care. When the
1809:
1773:
1222:
The Mahฤvamsa ( XXI : 15-34 ) talks high of the just and righteous regime of Ellฤlan . He followed the Hindu religion but did not persecute the
Buddhists.
3948:
3943:
3913:
1198:
3296:
1766:
745:
934:
contains a fairly detailed account of sieges and battles that took place during the conflict. Particularly interesting is the extensive use of
3631:
1245:
986:
1009:. There were instances when the Sinhalese kings tried to employ them as mercenaries by renaming a section of the most hardcore fighters as
1332:
973:
Following his death, Dutugamunu ordered that Ellฤแธทaแน be cremated where he had fallen, and had a monument constructed over the place. The
3289:
3803:
3322:
3892:
3923:
3793:
1618:
Schalk, Peter (2002). "Buddhism Among Tamils in Pre-colonial
Tamilakam and Ilam: Prologue. The Pre-Pallava and the Pallava period".
1370:
3446:
2930:
3503:
977:
mentions that 'even to this day the princes of Lanka, when they draw near to this place, are wont to silence their music'. The
1675:
1663:
3808:
3598:
3567:
3508:
3361:
3315:
2704:
1821:
642:
3832:
3723:
1632:
details King
Kulakottan's involvement in the restoration of Koneswaram temple in 438 A.D. (Pillay, K., Pillay, K. (1963).
1540:
3872:
924:
41:
3658:
3535:
3436:
3269:
2940:
1804:
1006:
738:
717:
59:
2736:
3928:
3683:
3366:
3042:
2315:
845:
had a great respect for him, and ordered a monument be built where
Ellalan was cremated after dying in battle. The
677:
662:
3847:
3798:
3356:
3182:
2859:
2543:
2453:
1750:
682:
3136:
2975:
2297:
2164:
1816:
877:, establishing himself as sole ruler of Rajarata. Ellalan's territory is said to have been to the north of the
3608:
3555:
3426:
3371:
3142:
3128:
1937:
1831:
1429:
Reviewed Work: The
Presence of the Past: Chronicles, Politics, and Culture in Sinhala Life.by Steven Kemper
3938:
3933:
3918:
3698:
3651:
3623:
2935:
2742:
2537:
2157:
2109:
2097:
1360:
1176:
731:
702:
3409:
2764:
3842:
3770:
3589:
3545:
3414:
3399:
3245:
3239:
3215:
2789:
2429:
2115:
1989:
1922:
1650:
1166:
1103:
874:
599:
442:
86:
2769:
3837:
3827:
3785:
3760:
3715:
3678:
3579:
3574:
3562:
3550:
3522:
3351:
3334:
3227:
3197:
3154:
2447:
2133:
1932:
1866:
1740:
1171:
810:
539:
529:
2718:
1411:
865:
as being "A Damila of noble descent . . . from the Chola-country"; In that work, he is mentioned as
3728:
3693:
3421:
3318:
3233:
3221:
3110:
3102:
2724:
2279:
2139:
2127:
1915:
1894:
509:
3878:
3820:
3530:
3456:
3096:
3078:
3000:
2759:
2748:
2351:
2339:
2073:
1927:
1789:
1733:
1623:
1432:
1120:
955:
947:
559:
489:
462:
452:
372:
2730:
1342:
1059:
3765:
3750:
3735:
3703:
3072:
3066:
3048:
3012:
2988:
2982:
2201:
2183:
2103:
1959:
1853:
1366:
1241:
1112:
911:
Despite
Ellalan's famously even-handed rule, resistance to him coalesced around the figure of
615:
432:
422:
123:
47:
849:
was believed to be the tomb of Ellalan. Often referred to as 'the Just King', the Tamil name
3882:
3177:
3148:
3084:
3054:
3030:
2994:
2968:
2956:
2913:
2525:
2495:
2405:
2145:
1983:
1600:
1144:
1123:
of the west coast, and as the royal who settled ancient Vanniyars in the east of the island
1084:
916:
896:
829:
779:
667:
647:
412:
382:
312:
1111:, an early Chola king and descendant of Manu Needhi Cholan, was the restorer of the ruined
3816:
3540:
3441:
3187:
3160:
3024:
3018:
2823:
2784:
2507:
2471:
2309:
2121:
1899:
1836:
1793:
1679:
1667:
1002:
342:
303:
1566:
1413:
Archaeological Department Centenary (1890-1990): History of the Department of Archaeology
869:. Little is known of his early life. Around 205 BCE, Ellalan mounted an invasion of the
3090:
2950:
2907:
2895:
2865:
2853:
2841:
2597:
2483:
2477:
2363:
2303:
2291:
2273:
2249:
2225:
2213:
1474:
Epigraphia Zeylanica: being lithic and other inscriptions of Ceylon, Volume 2, page 250
1158:
1080:
1076:
1037:
978:
966:
891:
885:
878:
846:
762:
652:
607:
250:
205:
3431:
3907:
3745:
2962:
2919:
2871:
2829:
2811:
2573:
2501:
2489:
2441:
2435:
2327:
2267:
2219:
2025:
1904:
1846:
1704:
1518:
Early South Indian temple architecture: study of Tiruvฤliลvaram inscriptions, page 93
939:
806:
672:
591:
499:
259:
161:
140:
981:
was until the 19th century believed to have been the tomb of Ellalan and was called
3343:
3209:
3036:
3006:
2799:
2609:
2567:
2531:
2465:
2399:
2261:
2007:
1947:
1873:
1860:
1672:
1660:
1014:
943:
935:
820:
Ellalan is traditionally presented as being a just king even by the Sinhalese. The
697:
549:
480:
392:
352:
268:
241:
171:
1758:
1431:. The University of Colorado Boulder: The Journal of Asian Studies. p. 1058.
3281:
1235:
1094:
The Mahavamsa also states that when he was riding his cart he accidentally hit a
17:
3740:
3688:
3663:
3636:
3613:
3166:
3122:
3060:
2877:
2847:
2817:
2603:
2591:
2555:
2549:
2459:
2423:
2333:
2255:
2243:
2177:
2055:
2019:
2013:
1116:
1108:
519:
332:
196:
1687:
1386:
1362:
The Work of Culture: Symbolic Transformation in Psychoanalysis and Anthropology
3775:
2883:
2835:
2805:
2712:
2681:
2645:
2633:
2585:
2579:
2513:
2393:
2321:
2285:
2207:
2151:
2085:
2079:
2049:
2001:
1604:
1544:
1152:
1134:
1088:
1083:. His name has since then been used as a metaphor for fairness and justice in
1041:
920:
912:
900:
895:. His name has since then been used as a metaphor for fairness and justice in
842:
657:
402:
232:
223:
96:
3852:
3641:
3477:
3451:
3116:
2901:
2693:
2669:
2651:
2639:
2561:
2519:
2411:
2387:
2345:
2237:
2231:
2189:
2067:
2037:
2031:
1977:
1337:
1296:
1275:
873:
based in Anuradhapura in northern Sri Lanka and defeated the forces of king
862:
834:
821:
814:
712:
707:
687:
1885:
1591:
Hellmann-Rajanayagam, Dagmar (1994). "Tamils and the meaning of history".
961:
3755:
3668:
3646:
3482:
2889:
2663:
2657:
2369:
1971:
1953:
923:
had strengthened his position in the south by defeating his own brother,
919:
prince from the kingdom of Mahagama. Towards the end of Ellalan's reign,
870:
622:
362:
322:
214:
150:
3203:
2675:
2627:
2621:
2417:
2381:
2375:
2357:
2195:
2171:
2061:
1655:
1436:
1072:
989:. The identification and reclassification is considered controversial.
692:
135:
51:
3603:
2687:
2615:
2091:
2043:
1965:
1045:
958:
and the aged king was finally felled by one of Dutugamunu's darts.
1529:
Ceylon journal of historical and social studies, Volume 2, page 34
1124:
1095:
1058:
960:
1025:
troops took custody of the tooth-relic shrine, they called it as
942:
in the battles. Ellalan's own war elephant is said to have been
3285:
1762:
1541:"SLNS Elara conducts Medical and Dental Clinic at Karainagar"
1451:
The Evolution of an ethnic identity: The Tamils of Sri Lanka
1318:(2nd ed.). Chennai: University of Madras. p. 24.
1107:
and stone inscriptions like Konesar Kalvettu recount that
790:
1496:
The Ceylon historical journal, Volumes 1-2, page 197
1029:. There are also multiple epigraphic records of the
3784:
3714:
3622:
3588:
3521:
3491:
3465:
3387:
3380:
3342:
3176:
2929:
2758:
2703:
1893:
1830:
841:According to the chronicle, even Ellalan's nemesis
809:, who upon capturing the throne became king of the
773:
146:
134:
122:
114:
106:
102:
92:
82:
65:
58:
34:
1507:Culavamsa: Being the More Recent Part of Mahavamsa
1416:. Commissioner of Archaeology. 1990. p. 171.
1354:
1352:
1063:The cow is ringing the bell of Manu Needhi Cholan
946:, or 'Big Rock' and the Dutugamunu's own being '
1485:Journal of Tamil studies, Issues 31-32, page 60
1341:. Chennai, India. 16 July 2010. Archived from
1333:"Tiruvarur in religious history of Tamil Nadu"
3297:
1774:
1291:
1289:
1270:
1268:
1237:Coromandel: A Personal History of South India
739:
8:
1365:. University of Chicago Press. p. 172.
27:King of Anuradhapura from 205 BCE to 161 BCE
1027:Mลซnrukai-tiruvฤlaikkฤran daladฤy perumpalli
3384:
3304:
3290:
3282:
1781:
1767:
1759:
1695:
1359:Obeyesekere, Gananath (27 November 1990).
746:
732:
157:
40:
31:
1240:. Little, Brown Book Group. p. 154.
1218:Ancient Coins of Sri Lankan Tamil Rulers
853:means 'the one who rules the boundary".
1327:
1325:
1187:
160:
1463:The tooth relic and the crown, page 59
1193:
1191:
969:was believed to be the tomb of Ellalan
1688:เฎเฎฒเฏเฎฒเฎพเฎณเฎฉเฏ เฎเฎฎเฎพเฎคเฎฟเฎฏเฏเฎฎเฏ เฎตเฎฐเฎฒเฎพเฎฑเฏเฎฑเฏ เฎฎเฏเฎเฎเฎฟเฎฏเฏเฎฎเฏ
46:Statue of Ellฤแธทaแน in the premises of
7:
987:Sri Lankan Department of Archaeology
3888:
985:, but was renamed later on by the
25:
3949:2nd-century BC Sinhalese monarchs
3944:3rd-century BC Sinhalese monarchs
1661:The Tomb of Elara at Anuradhapura
3914:Usurpers of the Sinhalese throne
3887:
3877:
3868:
3867:
3447:Relic of the tooth of the Buddha
3264:
3263:
2941:House of Senasammata Vikramabahu
1884:
1151:
1137:
1055:The Legend of Manu Needhi Cholan
3504:Anuradhapura invasion of Pandya
2782:House of Vijayabahu (1211โ1212)
2778:House of Vijayabahu (1209โ1210)
2774:House of Vijayabahu (1197โ1200)
1040:Northern Naval Command base in
807:Chola dynasty in Southern India
799:, and by the honorific epithet
3509:Chola conquest of Anuradhapura
1920:House of Vijaya (89 BCEโ66 CE)
1620:Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis
1567:"King Elara (204 BC โ 164 BC)"
1:
1913:House of Vijaya (161โ103 BCE)
1909:House of Vijaya (215โ205 BCE)
1427:McGilvray, Dennis B. (1993).
1314:Sastri, Nilakanta KA (1955).
883:He has been mentioned in the
285:
186:
69:
3437:Gajabahu's invasion of Chola
2776:House of Kalinga (1200โ1209)
1673:เถเท
เทเถป เถปเถขเทเถเท เทเทเถญเทเทเถเทโเถเทเถป เถฑเทเถญเทเถบ
1628:The Tamil stone inscription
1199:"From the annals of history"
1067:Ellalan received the title "
861:Ellalan is described in the
805:, was a member of the Tamil
3183:House of Vimaladharmasuriya
1911:Chola dynasty (205โ161 BCE)
1216:Paramu Pusparaแนญแนam (2002).
1007:Vijayabahu I of Polonnaruwa
817:, from 205 BCE to 161 BCE.
791:
774:
718:Legendary early Chola kings
3965:
3684:Anuradhapura Maha Viharaya
678:Great Living Chola Temples
663:Chola art and architecture
3863:
3332:
3255:
1882:
1800:
1747:
1738:
1730:
1725:
1698:
1605:10.1080/09584939408719724
1013:. According to historian
783:
766:
39:
3924:Monarchs of Anuradhapura
3632:Administrative divisions
2705:Anuradhapura from Rohana
1387:"War Against King Elara"
965:Until 19th century, the
3427:Fourth Buddhist council
3372:Pre Anuradhapura period
3143:Senasammata Vikramabahu
1832:Pre-Anuradhapura period
1666:12 January 2017 at the
1593:Contemporary South Asia
1101:Chronicles such as the
795:), also referred to as
2936:House of Siri Sanga Bo
2538:Unhanagara Hatthadatha
1938:House of Lambakanna II
1634:South India and Ceylon
1599:(1). Routledge: 3โ23.
1205:. India. 25 June 2010.
1177:List of Tamil monarchs
1064:
970:
703:Gangaikonda Cholapuram
373:Parantaka II (Sundara)
3415:Battle of Vijithapura
3391:(377 BC–463 AD)
3246:Sri Vikrama Rajasinha
3240:Sri Rajadhi Rajasinha
3216:Vimaladharmasuriya II
2790:Eastern Ganga dynasty
2780:Lokissara (1210โ1211)
2430:Silakala Ambosamanera
1923:House of Lambakanna I
1678:8 August 2019 at the
1104:Yalpana Vaipava Malai
1062:
964:
875:Asela of Anuradhapura
623:Rajahnate of Sanmalan
3335:Anuradhapura kingdom
3228:Sri Vijaya Rajasinha
3198:Vimaladharmasuriya I
3155:Karalliyadde Bandara
2448:Kittisiri Meghavanna
2134:Mahadathika Mahanaga
1741:King of Anuradhapura
1172:History of Sri Lanka
857:Birth and early life
832:Pali chronicle, the
811:Anuradhapura Kingdom
383:Aditya II (Karikala)
60:King of Anuradhapura
3786:Society and culture
3729:Tank cascade system
3699:Mahamevnฤwa Gardens
3694:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
3422:The Five Dravidians
3410:Dutugamunu Campaign
3400:Arrival of Buddhism
3319:Anuradhapura period
3234:Kirti Sri Rajasinha
3222:Vira Narendra Sinha
2931:Transitional period
2765:House of Vijayabahu
2280:Siri Sangha Bodhi I
2140:Amandagamani Abhaya
2128:Bhatikabhaya Abhaya
1916:The Five Dravidians
1895:Anuradhapura period
3771:Port of Mahatittha
3724:Irrigation network
3457:The Six Dravidians
3097:Bhuvanaikabahu VII
3079:Parakramabahu VIII
3001:Bhuvanaikabahu III
2760:Polonnaruwa period
2340:Chattagahaka Jantu
2074:Mahakuli Mahatissa
1928:The Six Dravidians
1656:Sri Lankan history
1651:Tamil Nadu History
1624:Uppsala University
1547:on 13 October 2019
1234:Allen, C. (2017).
1167:Tamil Nadu History
1121:Munneswaram temple
1087:. His capital was
1069:Manu Needhi Cholan
1065:
1048:is named the SLNS
971:
956:elephant-back duel
899:. His capital was
802:Manu Needhi Cholan
164:Kings and Emperors
3929:Sri Lankan Hindus
3901:
3900:
3766:Port of Jambukola
3704:Mapagala fortress
3679:Abhayagiri vihฤra
3599:Foreign relations
3568:Tamil mercenaries
3517:
3516:
3279:
3278:
3260:indicate regent.
3191:
3073:Parakramabahu VII
3067:Bhuvanaikabahu VI
3049:Parakramabahu Epa
3013:Bhuvanaikabahu IV
2989:Bhuvanaikabahu II
2983:Parakramabahu III
2944:
2793:
2202:Vankanasika Tissa
2184:Yassalalaka Tissa
2104:Darubhatika Tissa
1960:Devanampiya Tissa
1941:
1877:(454 BCEโ437 BCE)
1869:(474 BCEโ454 BCE)
1863:(504 BCEโ474 BCE)
1857:(505 BCEโ504 BCE)
1849:(543 BCEโ505 BCE)
1840:
1757:
1756:
1748:Succeeded by
1247:978-1-4087-0540-7
1113:Koneswaram temple
813:, in present-day
789:
772:
756:
755:
683:Solesvara Temples
643:Ganges Expedition
628:
627:
616:Rajahnate of Cebu
584:Related dynasties
568:
567:
471:
470:
276:
275:
156:
155:
48:Madras High Court
18:Manuneedhi Cholan
16:(Redirected from
3956:
3891:
3890:
3881:
3871:
3870:
3853:Tantric Buddhism
3496:
3495:(691–1017)
3470:
3392:
3385:
3337:377 BC โ 1017 AD
3306:
3299:
3292:
3283:
3267:
3266:
3181:
3149:Jayavira Bandara
3085:Parakramabahu IX
3055:Parakramabahu VI
3031:Bhuvanaikabahu V
2995:Parakramabahu IV
2969:Bhuvanaikabahu I
2957:Parakramabahu II
2934:
2914:Parakrama Pandya
2770:House of Kalinga
2763:
2526:Dathopa Tissa II
2496:Jettha Tissa III
2406:Kumara Dhatusena
2146:Kanirajanu Tissa
1984:Sena and Guttika
1898:
1888:
1835:
1805:List of monarchs
1783:
1776:
1769:
1760:
1731:Preceded by
1721:
1714:
1696:
1692:
1684:
1639:
1638:
1630:Konesar Kalvettu
1615:
1609:
1608:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1543:. Archived from
1537:
1531:
1526:
1520:
1515:
1509:
1504:
1498:
1493:
1487:
1482:
1476:
1471:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1356:
1347:
1346:
1345:on 18 July 2010.
1329:
1320:
1319:
1311:
1305:
1304:
1293:
1284:
1283:
1272:
1263:
1262:
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1745:205 BCโ161 BC
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1726:Regnal titles
1723:
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1720: ? 161 BC
1713: ? 235 BC
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1038:Sri Lanka Navy
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967:Dakkhina Stupa
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892:Periya Puranam
886:Silappatikaram
879:Mahaweli River
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2233:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2220:Bhatika Tissa
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2130:(20 BCEโ9 CE)
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2040:(103โ100 BCE)
2039:
2036:
2034:(104โ103 BCE)
2033:
2030:
2028:(109โ104 BCE)
2027:
2026:Khallata Naga
2024:
2022:(119โ109 BCE)
2021:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2010:(137โ119 BCE)
2009:
2006:
2004:(161โ137 BCE)
2003:
2000:
1998:(205โ161 BCE)
1997:
1994:
1992:(215โ205 BCE)
1991:
1988:
1986:(237โ215 BCE)
1985:
1982:
1980:(247โ237 BCE)
1979:
1976:
1974:(257โ247 BCE)
1973:
1970:
1968:(267โ257 BCE)
1967:
1964:
1962:(307โ267 BCE)
1961:
1958:
1956:(367โ307 BCE)
1955:
1952:
1950:(437โ367 BCE)
1949:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1917:
1907:(237โ215 BCE)
1906:
1905:Chola dynasty
1902:(543โ237 BCE)
1901:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1847:Prince Vijaya
1845:
1844:
1842:
1839:(543โ237 BCE)
1838:
1833:
1829:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1784:
1779:
1777:
1772:
1770:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1752:
1743:
1742:
1735:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1712:
1707:
1706:
1705:Chola dynasty
1697:
1689:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1637:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1621:
1614:
1611:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1587:
1584:
1572:
1571:mahavamsa.org
1568:
1562:
1559:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1459:
1456:
1452:
1446:
1443:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1423:
1420:
1415:
1414:
1407:
1404:
1392:
1391:mahavamsa.org
1388:
1382:
1379:
1374:
1372:9780226615981
1368:
1364:
1363:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1310:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1297:"Chapter XXI"
1292:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1276:"Chapter XXV"
1271:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1249:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
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1160:
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1149:
1146:
1135:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
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1105:
1099:
1097:
1092:
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1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1061:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
992:
990:
988:
984:
980:
976:
968:
963:
959:
957:
951:
949:
945:
944:Maha Pabbatha
941:
937:
936:war elephants
933:
928:
926:
922:
918:
914:
906:
904:
902:
898:
894:
893:
888:
887:
881:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
856:
854:
852:
848:
844:
839:
837:
836:
831:
825:
823:
818:
816:
812:
808:
804:
803:
798:
793:
781:
776:
764:
760:
749:
744:
742:
737:
735:
730:
729:
727:
726:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
673:Flag of Chola
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
640:
637:Chola society
634:
633:
624:
621:
620:
617:
614:
613:
609:
606:
605:
601:
598:
597:
593:
592:Telugu Chodas
590:
589:
581:
580:
577:
574:
573:
563:
561:
558:
557:
553:
551:
548:
547:
543:
541:
538:
537:
533:
531:
528:
527:
523:
521:
518:
517:
513:
511:
510:Kulothunga II
508:
507:
503:
501:
498:
497:
493:
491:
488:
487:
482:
477:
476:
466:
464:
461:
460:
456:
454:
451:
450:
446:
444:
441:
440:
436:
434:
431:
430:
426:
424:
421:
420:
416:
414:
411:
410:
406:
404:
401:
400:
396:
394:
391:
390:
386:
384:
381:
380:
376:
374:
371:
370:
366:
364:
361:
360:
356:
354:
351:
350:
346:
344:
341:
340:
336:
334:
331:
330:
326:
324:
321:
320:
316:
314:
311:
310:
305:
300:
299:
296:
293: 848 CE
284:Interregnum (
282:
281:
272:
270:
267:
266:
263:
261:
260:Kochchenganan
258:
257:
254:
252:
249:
248:
245:
243:
240:
239:
236:
234:
231:
230:
227:
225:
222:
221:
218:
216:
213:
212:
209:
207:
204:
203:
200:
198:
195:
194:
184:
182:
179:
178:
173:
168:
167:
163:
159:
152:
149:
145:
142:
141:Chola Dynasty
139:
137:
133:
127:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
98:
95:
91:
88:
85:
81:
68:
64:
61:
57:
53:
49:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3821:in Sinhalese
3799:Caste system
3794:Architecture
3580:Capital city
3546:Lambakanna I
3492:Late period
3404:
3357:Bibliography
3268:
3257:
3210:Rajasinha II
3145:(1469โ 1511)
3137:Kandyan Line
3037:Vira Bahu II
3007:Vijayabahu V
2974:
2800:Vijayabahu I
2610:Aggabodhi IX
2568:Aggabodhi VI
2532:Aggabodhi IV
2466:Aggabodhi II
2400:Moggallana I
2262:Siri Naga II
2163:
2046:(100โ98 BCE)
2008:Saddha Tissa
1995:
1948:Pandukabhaya
1918:(103โ89 BCE)
1872:
1861:Panduvasdeva
1852:
1751:Dutthagamani
1739:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1683:(in Sinhala)
1633:
1629:
1627:
1626:: 159, 503.
1619:
1613:
1596:
1592:
1586:
1574:. Retrieved
1570:
1561:
1549:. Retrieved
1545:the original
1535:
1528:
1524:
1517:
1513:
1506:
1502:
1495:
1491:
1484:
1480:
1473:
1469:
1462:
1458:
1450:
1445:
1428:
1422:
1412:
1406:
1394:. Retrieved
1390:
1381:
1361:
1343:the original
1336:
1315:
1309:
1300:
1279:
1258:
1251:. Retrieved
1236:
1229:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1202:
1119:in 438, the
1115:and tank at
1102:
1100:
1093:
1068:
1066:
1049:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1015:Burton Stein
1010:
998:
996:
983:Elara Sohona
982:
974:
972:
952:
931:
929:
925:Saddha Tissa
910:
890:
884:
882:
866:
860:
850:
840:
833:
826:
819:
801:
800:
796:
758:
757:
698:Melakadambur
610:of Karnataka
575:
560:Rajendra III
550:Rajaraja III
490:Kulothunga I
481:Later Cholas
463:Athirajendra
453:Virarajendra
443:Rajamahendra
353:Gandaraditya
283:
269:Perunarkilli
242:Killivalavan
180:
172:Early Cholas
29:
3893:WikiProject
3813:Literature
3809:Immigration
3689:Atamasthana
3664:Polonnaruwa
3637:Malaya Rata
3614:Sanghamitta
3248:(1798โ1815)
3242:(1782โ1798)
3236:(1747โ1782)
3230:(1739โ1747)
3224:(1707โ1739)
3218:(1687โ1707)
3212:(1635โ1687)
3206:(1604โ1635)
3200:(1592โ1604)
3190:(1739โ1815)
3185:(1592โ1739)
3169:(1582โ1592)
3167:Rajasinha I
3163:(1582โ1582)
3157:(1551โ1581)
3151:(1511โ1551)
3131:(1593โ1594)
3125:(1581โ1593)
3123:Rajasinha I
3119:(1521โ1581)
3105:(1551โ1597)
3099:(1521โ1551)
3093:(1513โ1521)
3087:(1489โ1513)
3081:(1477โ1489)
3069:(1469โ1477)
3063:(1467โ1472)
3061:Jayabahu II
3057:(1410โ1467)
3051:(1409โ1412)
3045:(1397โ1409)
3033:(1371โ1408)
3027:(1357โ1374)
3021:(1344โ1359)
3015:(1341โ1351)
3009:(1335โ1341)
3003:(1326โ1335)
2997:(1302โ1326)
2991:(1293โ1302)
2985:(1287โ1293)
2979:(1285โ1286)
2976:Interregnum
2971:(1272โ1284)
2965:(1270โ1272)
2959:(1234โ1270)
2953:(1220โ1234)
2943:(1469โ1592)
2938:(1220โ1597)
2922:(1215โ1236)
2916:(1212โ1215)
2910:(1211โ1212)
2904:(1210โ1211)
2898:(1209โ1210)
2886:(1208โ1209)
2880:(1202โ1208)
2878:Kalyanavati
2874:(1200โ1202)
2868:(1197โ1200)
2862:(1196โ1197)
2848:Vira Bahu I
2844:(1187โ1196)
2832:(1186โ1187)
2826:(1153โ1186)
2820:(1132โ1153)
2818:Gajabahu II
2814:(1111โ1132)
2808:(1110โ1111)
2802:(1055โ1110)
2792:(1215โ1236)
2787:(1212โ1215)
2772:(1187โ1197)
2767:(1055โ1187)
2751:(1054โ1055)
2749:Kassapa VII
2745:(1048โ1054)
2739:(1046โ1048)
2733:(1043โ1046)
2727:(1042โ1043)
2721:(1040โ1042)
2715:(1029โ1040)
2696:(1001โ1029)
2604:Dappula III
2592:Mahinda III
2556:Kassapa III
2550:Aggabodhi V
2460:Aggabodhi I
2424:Upatissa II
2334:Soththisena
2256:Abhaya Naga
2244:Siri Naga I
2178:Chandamukha
2165:Interregnum
2124:(42โ20 BCE)
2088:(50โ47 BCE)
2082:(62โ50 BCE)
2076:(76โ62 BCE)
2070:(89โ76 BCE)
2064:(90โ88 BCE)
2058:(91โ90 BCE)
2056:Pilaya Mara
2052:(98โ91 BCE)
2020:Lanja Tissa
2014:Thulatthana
1822:Family tree
1551:26 February
1396:15 December
1301:lakdiva.org
1280:lakdiva.org
1117:Trincomalee
1109:Kulakkottan
600:Chodagangas
520:Rajaraja II
433:Rajendra II
423:Rajadhiraja
333:Parantaka I
197:Kulakkottan
83:Predecessor
3908:Categories
3848:Brahmanism
3776:Rajakariya
3592:and people
3523:Government
3344:Background
3129:Rajasuriya
3103:Dharmapala
2884:Dharmasoka
2860:Chodaganga
2836:Mahinda VI
2806:Jayabahu I
2731:Jagatipala
2713:Kassapa VI
2690:(991โ1001)
2682:Mahinda IV
2646:Dappula IV
2634:Kassapa IV
2586:Dappula II
2580:Mahinda II
2514:Kassapa II
2394:Kashyapa I
2322:Upatissa I
2316:Buddhadasa
2286:Gothabhaya
2208:Gajabahu I
2152:Chulabhaya
2086:Kuda Tissa
2080:Chora Naga
2050:Panya Mara
2002:Dutugamunu
1940:(691โ1017)
1691:(in Tamil)
1253:10 October
1183:References
1089:Thiruvarur
1042:Karainagar
1031:Velaikkara
1023:Velaikkara
1019:Velaikkara
1011:Mahatantra
921:Dutugamunu
915:, a young
913:Dutugamunu
901:Thiruvarur
843:Dutugamunu
658:Chola Navy
602:of Kalinga
413:Rajendra I
403:Rajaraja I
313:Vijayalaya
291: โ c.
289: 200
233:Nalankilli
224:Nedunkilli
97:Dutugamunu
75: โ c.
73: 205
3642:Maya Rata
3624:Geography
3478:Mahavamsa
3452:Dipavamsa
3432:Tripiแนญaka
3117:Mayadunne
2902:Lokissara
2694:Mahinda V
2684:(975โ991)
2678:(972โ975)
2672:(964โ972)
2670:Udaya III
2666:(955โ964)
2660:(952โ955)
2654:(940โ952)
2652:Dappula V
2648:(939โ940)
2642:(929โ939)
2640:Kassapa V
2636:(912โ929)
2630:(901โ912)
2624:(866โ901)
2618:(846โ866)
2612:(843โ846)
2606:(827โ843)
2600:(816โ827)
2594:(812โ816)
2588:(807โ812)
2582:(787โ807)
2576:(781โ787)
2570:(741โ781)
2564:(738โ741)
2562:Mahinda I
2558:(732โ738)
2552:(726โ732)
2546:(691โ726)
2544:Manavanna
2534:(673โ689)
2528:(664โ673)
2522:(661โ664)
2520:Dappula I
2516:(652โ661)
2510:(640โ652)
2504:(624โ640)
2498:(623โ624)
2486:(614โ623)
2480:(608โ614)
2468:(598โ608)
2462:(564โ598)
2456:(561โ564)
2454:Maha Naga
2450:(560โ561)
2444:(540โ560)
2438:(539โ540)
2432:(526โ539)
2426:(525โ526)
2420:(524โ525)
2412:Kittisena
2408:(515โ524)
2402:(497โ515)
2396:(479โ497)
2390:(463โ479)
2388:Dhatusena
2384:(450โ452)
2378:(447โ450)
2366:(441โ447)
2354:(436โ441)
2348:(435โ436)
2346:Mittasena
2342:(434โ435)
2330:(412โ434)
2324:(370โ412)
2318:(341โ370)
2312:(332โ341)
2306:(304โ332)
2300:(277โ304)
2294:(267โ277)
2288:(254โ267)
2282:(252โ254)
2276:(248โ252)
2270:(247โ248)
2264:(245โ247)
2258:(237โ245)
2252:(215โ237)
2246:(196โ215)
2240:(195โ196)
2238:Kuda Naga
2234:(193โ195)
2232:Cula Naga
2228:(165โ193)
2222:(141โ165)
2216:(135โ141)
2210:(113โ135)
2204:(110โ113)
2190:Subharaja
2068:Valagamba
2038:Pulahatta
2032:Valagamba
2016:(119 BCE)
1978:Suratissa
1935:(463โ691)
1930:(436โ463)
1622:. 19โ20.
1338:The Hindu
1316:The Colas
1203:The Hindu
999:Mahavamsa
993:Influence
975:Mahavamsa
932:Mahavamsa
917:Sinhalese
863:Mahavamsa
835:Mahavamsa
830:Sinhalese
822:Mahavamsa
815:Sri Lanka
713:Tiruvarur
708:Thanjavur
688:Poompuhar
594:of Andhra
564:1246โ1279
554:1216โ1256
544:1178โ1218
534:1166โ1178
524:1146โ1173
514:1133โ1150
504:1118โ1135
494:1070โ1120
467:1067โ1070
457:1063โ1070
447:1060โ1063
437:1051โ1063
427:1018โ1054
417:1012โ1044
185:205 BCEโ
93:Successor
3873:Category
3843:Buddhism
3838:Religion
3828:Perahera
3756:Kahavanu
3751:Kahapana
3669:Sigiriya
3647:Rajarata
3590:Politics
3563:Military
3536:Monarchs
3531:Monarchy
3483:Sigiriya
3362:Timeline
3270:Category
2908:Lilavati
2896:Lilavati
2890:Anikanga
2866:Lilavati
2664:Sena III
2658:Udaya II
2370:Tiritara
2328:Mahanama
2298:Mahasena
2198:(66โ110)
2118:(47 BCE)
2112:(47 BCE)
2106:(47 BCE)
2100:(47 BCE)
2094:(47 BCE)
1972:Mahasiva
1954:Mutasiva
1925:(66โ436)
1854:Upatissa
1810:by reign
1790:Monarchs
1700:Ellalan
1676:Archived
1664:Archived
1453:, p. 368
1131:See also
871:Rajarata
767:เฎเฎฒเฏเฎฒเฎพเฎณเฎฉเฏ
407:985โ1014
363:Arinjaya
323:Aditya I
317:848โ871?
215:Karikala
151:Hinduism
147:Religion
3817:in Pali
3716:Economy
3609:Mahinda
3381:History
3352:Outline
3321:topics
3258:Italics
3204:Senarat
2676:Sena IV
2628:Udaya I
2622:Sena II
2418:Siva II
2382:Pithiya
2376:Dathiya
2358:Parindu
2196:Vasabha
2192:(60โ66)
2186:(52โ60)
2180:(44โ52)
2174:(38โ44)
2172:Ilanaga
2168:(35โ38)
2160:(35โ35)
2154:(33โ35)
2148:(30โ33)
2142:(21โ30)
2062:Dathika
1792:of the
1576:1 March
1437:2059412
1096:Chetiya
1073:chariot
948:Kandula
851:Ellฤแธทaแน
780:Sinhala
775:Ellฤแธทaแน
759:Ellalan
693:Uraiyur
576:Related
500:Vikrama
397:971โ987
387:966โ971
377:950โ980
367:955โ956
357:949โ962
347:935โ949
337:907โ955
327:871โ907
181:Ellalan
136:Dynasty
118:161 BCE
110:235 BCE
52:Chennai
35:Ellalan
3883:Portal
3746:Pearls
3675:Sites
3659:Cities
3652:Ruhuna
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