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260:. It was essentially a volunteer position in which they immersed themselves in the African American community and worked long hours in Cincinnati's schools. At the time, many of Cincinnati's residents were anti-abolitionists, and they did not condone efforts to condemn slavery, promote equality, and educate the city's Black people. In fear of retribution, this helped bond the abolitionists with one another. Robinson and Rakestraw, who married, worked together as abolitionists throughout their lives. Robertson, author of
339:, and adopted the slogan "No Union with Slaveholders". He also supported women's rights and temperance and was against war and capital punishment. His wife Emily, one of the earliest antislavery feminists, became the agent for the paper until 1854, resigning following the death of their daughter Cornelia. He attended and reported on the national disunion convention held in Cleveland on October 28, 1857, which had been called for by Garrison's newspaper
216:'s five-year program in the fall of 1830. He studied theology, and some of his teachers were suspicious of his liberal views. He graduated with high honors in 1832, but he did not receive his diploma until he delivered a lecture on a test question, with approval by the North Alabama Presbytery. While at the University of Nashville, Robinson met
372:, near Cincinnati, on November 19, 1836. They had a short courtship, and the Quaker Rakestraw family was concerned that Robinson was not a member of the Society of Friends. Robinson had not met Emily's family prior to the marriage. The Robinsons were shunned by Emily's family. Robinson gave an anti-slavery lecture in
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establish a school for Black adults and children. The curriculum included arithmetic, grammar, geography, natural philosophy, and Bible study. Some of the city's residents were critical of educational and other abolitionist activities. After the school's Board of
Trustees ordered the students to stop
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The anti-slavery movement gained momentum in Ohio during the 1840s. In 1850, he became the president of the
Western Antislavery Society, which was centered in Salem, Ohio, and had members from Ohio, southern Michigan, Indiana, and western Pennsylvania. On May 24, 1851, he became the publisher of the
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him. Although he was taken 10 miles (16 km) out of town, Robinson was able to get a suit of clothes to wear and walked back to Berlin, where he delivered his speech. Left ill, Robinson recuperated at home for around a month before returning to the lecture circuit. His voice gave out and poor
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in Ohio. Emily remained in
Cincinnati and taught while Robinson worked the lecture circuit. When pro-slavery mobs descended on the abolitionists, women were often successful in curbing the violence by putting themselves between the mob and the intended target. Mrs. Garretson stepped in to aid
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In 1829, his education continued under the missionary and scholar
Reverend Potter at the Creek Path Mission in the Cherokee Nation. As an assistant, he worked with the Native American children. After one year, he accepted a position as an assistant at the Presbyterian Church in
181:, beginning in 1823. Reading the books and pamphlets produced by the firm was also informative. His uncle, Reverend Arthur Darwin of Rigo, New York privately educated Robinson. During the term of his apprenticeship, he attended Bible study classes and taught Sabbath school.
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309:(died November 7, 1837), "I fear we are not yet at the worst in our conflict with slavery. Blood I fear must yet flow and persecution more bitter and rancorous succeed..." For ten years, he lived on a farm in
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Realizing that he would need to work and save his earnings to attain an education, Robinson worked as an apprentice for four years. He learned the bookbinding and printing trade at
Merrill and Hastings in
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After Lane
Seminary, Robinson and Augustus Wattles remained in Cincinnati, where he served the local free Black population as a teacher and missionary. In 1834, several women responded to an ad in the
345:. He retired from the paper in February 1859. He operated a hat store in Salem and later was president of the Ohio Mutual Fire Insurance Company. He was an active fund-raiser and speaker during the
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Robinson was among the Lane students who were committed to abolitionism and were directly involved in practices to aid
African Americans. He took a year off from the seminary to help
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said that "No couple better symbolizes the symmetry and success of men's and women's connections in the western abolitionist movement than Marius and Emily
Rakestraw."
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was its editor. A mob attacked the newspaper office on July 30, 1836. Robinson escaped and rode horseback with the forms for the paper, which he had published in
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Robinson was a
Presbyterian minister. An abolitionist, he lectured about slavery, emancipation, and theological subjects from 1830 to 1865. He spoke at the
271:. He was commissioned "to labor in and with the churches to arouse them to a sense of their responsibility in the institution of American slavery".
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who would not be pressured to give up improving the lives of
African Americans. He was an anti-slavery lecturer. He worked together with his wife
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health kept him bed-ridden for months. Pro-slavery factions were dangerous for outspoken abolitionists, as Robinson noted following the death of
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He married Emily Rakestraw, an abolitionist who defied her parents and went to Cincinnati to teach African Americans. They were married at
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He died in Salem, Ohio on December 9, 1878. (Nye stated that he died in 1870.) Emily died on July 20, 1897, at the age of 86.
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in June 1837. Mrs. Garretson was attacked and injured. The mob then sliced Robinson's leg, beat him, and
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their projects, Robinson and 39 other students protested and withdrew from the seminary. Called the
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168:'s revival and experienced a conversion and felt a religious calling to be of service to others.
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Marius Racine Robinson's papers are held at the Western Reserve Historical Society. Emily wrote
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Marius Racine Robinson, the son of strict Presbyterian parents, was born on July 29, 1806, in
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140:. Responding to backlash from the city's residents, he continued to teach and was one of the
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for women to teach Cincinnati's Black women. One of them was Emily Rakestraw, a Quaker from
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The Underground Railroad : an encyclopedia of people, places, and operations
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197:. Around 1829, Robinson found his personal beliefs aligned with those of the
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Hearts Beating for Liberty: Women Abolitionists in the Old Northwest
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History of Salem and the Immediate Vicinity: Columbiana County, Ohio
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agent, helping people escape slavery. He was affiliated with the
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In 1836, Robinson was hired by the antislavery newspaper
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American minister, abolitionist, and newspaper editor
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843:Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Quarterly
349:. Emily continued her reform work after the war.
160:. In 1816, the Robinson family moved to Orville,
883:Find a Grave memorial for Marius Racine Robinson
296:Robinson when he was being attacked in Berlin,
711:. Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe. p. 450.
220:, a liberal theologian and co-founder of the
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188:Creek Path Mission, Marshall County, Alabama
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839:"Marius Robinson, a Forgotten Abolitionist"
95:Minister, abolitionist, newspaper publisher
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856:. Univ of North Carolina Press.
317:society's successful newspaper,
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705:Snodgrass, Mary Ellen (2008).
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850:Robertson, Stacey M. (2010).
805:Hunt, George Dillwyn (1898).
358:American Colonization Society
293:American Anti-Slavery Society
172:Apprenticeship and education
162:Chautauqua County, New York
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262:Hearts Beating for Liberty
878:Marius and Emily Robinson
769:"Marius R. Robinson died"
384:Our Old Anti-Slavery Tent
212:Robinson enrolled at the
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773:Muscatine Weekly Journal
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203:Charles Grandison Finney
166:Charles Grandison Finney
146:Emily Rakestraw Robinson
111:Emily Rakestraw Robinson
919:People from Salem, Ohio
837:Nye, Russel B. (1946).
775:. 1878-12-13. p. 2
214:University of Nashville
136:, Ohio while attending
914:American abolitionists
329:William Lloyd Garrison
320:The Anti-Slavery Bugle
199:Second Great Awakening
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129:The Anti-Slavery Bugle
53:Marius Racine Robinson
543:, pp. 14–15, 22.
307:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
298:Trumbull County, Ohio
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158:Dalton, Massachusetts
67:Dalton, Massachusetts
354:Underground Railroad
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286:Wilmington, Delaware
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269:Jamestown, New York
254:New York Evangelist
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347:American Civil War
277:The Philanthropist
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123:The Philanthropist
18:Marius R. Robinson
863:978-0-8078-3408-4
758:, pp. 23–24.
718:978-0-7656-8093-8
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898:Categories
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226:Cincinnati
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