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199:– paperback by Transaction Publishers in USA, 2002). Marienthal was an industrial district that suffered very high levels of unemployment in the 1920s, and the research team examined the (often devastating) psychological consequences. These went beyond the obvious hardships associated with financial deprivation, and Jahoda concluded that in modern industrial societies work provides important social benefits, including a sense of personal worth, connection with wider social objectives, and a time structure to their days and weeks.
270:
maintained that the unemployed were deprived of all five, and that this accounted for much of the reported mental ill-health among unemployed people. In the 1980s, when unemployment levels were again high, this approach was rather influential, and her
Marienthal studies attracted renewed interest: she made many presentations on this topic in Europe. She was at that time working at the
353:(Basic Books, 1958), Marie Jahoda summarized and integrated previous work by social, psychodynamic, and humanistic psychologists such as Gordon Allport, Erik Erikson, Erich Fromm, Heinz Hartmann, Abraham Maslow, and Carl Rogers. As a result, she identified six basic components of positive mental health:
269:
In 1958 she developed the theory of Ideal Mental Health. Through her work Jahoda identified five categories which, she said, were vital to feelings of well-being (1982, 87). These were: time structure, social contact, collective effort or purpose, social identity or status, and regular activity. She
210:
for her underground work for the socialists. In 1937, after some foreign appeals to release her, she was allowed to leave prison on the condition she leave the country immediately. Her
Austrian citizenship was revoked. In fact, however, this might have saved her from worse oppression following the
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Environmental mastery (this included six facets: the ability to love; adequacy in love, work, and play; adequacy in interpersonal relations; efficiency in meeting situational requirements; capacity for adaptation and adjustment; and efficiency in
622:
687:
32:
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Jahoda was born in Vienna to a Jewish merchant's family, and like many other psychologists of her time, grew up in
Austria where political oppression against socialists was rampant after
672:
712:
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in 1965, where she became
Professor of Social Psychology. Later at Sussex University she became consultant, and then Visiting Professor, at the
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274:, where she had also contributed substantially to the Unit's work on innovation and futures studies – most visibly in the coedited study by
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168:.″ This was a major influence on her life. She is (among many others) considered as Grande Dame of European socialism.
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In 1945 she arrived in the United States. During her time there, she worked as a professor of social psychology at the
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298:, Margaret Sharp and William Walker (Thomson Learning, 1991). She was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the
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Work, employment and unemployment: An overview of ideas and research results in the social science literature
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282:(published by Martin Robertson in the UK). She continued her interest in psychology with the 1977 study
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Studies in the Scope and Method of The
Authoritarian Personality: Continuities in Social Research
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246:, she was involved in establishing Psychology degree programmes including the unique four-year,
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191:, she wrote a now-classic study of the social impact of unemployment on a small community:
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Max
Horkheimer Gesammelte schriften 17: Briefwechsel 1941–1948 (Fisher, 1988) pp.667–670
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Technology and the Future of Europe: Competition and the Global
Environment in the 1990s
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The individual's degree of independence from social influences (a.k.a. autonomy).
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The individual's style and degree of growth, development, or self-actualization.
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In 1934, Jahoda divorced
Lazarsfeld since he had started a relationship with
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Research
Methods in Social Relations – With Especial Reference to Prejudice
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claimed power. Starting in her adolescent years she became engaged in the
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Jewish emigrants from
Austria after the Anschluss to the United Kingdom
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79:
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242:, which was published in 1950. Between 1958 and 1965, at what is now
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Anti-Semitism and Emotional Disorder: a Psychological Interpretation
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Central synthesizing psychological functions (a.k.a. integration).
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in 1932. In 1936, she was imprisoned by the dictatorial regime of
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since 1932. After she returned to the UK in 1958 she married the
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the following year. Jahoda went to England staying there during
419:– paperback by Routledge, London, 1971 and republished in 2002.
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Thinking About The Future – A Critique Of The Limits To Growth
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and was co-editor of the third volume of these studies called
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In 1934, she divorced Lazarsfeld, who had been involved with
503:"Marie Jahoda, 94; Studied Work and Women (Published 2001)"
478:. SPRU occasional paper series, University of Sussex, 1980.
234:. She contributed significantly to the analysis of the
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Marienthal: the sociography of an unemployed community
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Marienthal: the sociography of an unemployed community
325:(born 1930). who became a professor of management at
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Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
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Jahoda appearing on television discussion programme
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388:World Futures, Technology and the Future of Europe
171:In 1928, she earned her teaching diploma from the
175:, and in 1933 earned her Doctor of Philosophy in
357:Attitudes of an individual toward his own self.
531:. Northern Illinois University. Archived from
8:
673:Alumni of the Science Policy Research Unit
384:Current concepts of positive mental health
351:Current Concepts of Positive Mental Health
31:
20:
140:(26 January 1907 – 28 April 2001) was an
569:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences
564:"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter J"
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713:20th-century Austrian women physicians
369:An individual's perception of reality.
683:Academics of the University of Sussex
678:Academics of Brunel University London
300:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
286:(Hogarth Press), and was coeditor of
7:
451:Research Methods in Social Relations
392:Freud and the Dilemmas of Psychology
284:Freud and the Dilemmas of Psychology
264:Social Science Research Council (UK)
382:In addition to those cited above –
693:20th-century British psychologists
394:– her major publications include:
252:Research Center of Human Relations
16:British Austrian-born psychologist
14:
482:Ich habe die Welt nicht verändert
472:). Sussex University Press, 1973.
321:with whom she had her only child
708:20th-century Austrian physicians
593:Dictionary of National Biography
305:Jahoda died on 28 April 2001 in
162:Austrian Social Democratic Party
408:Die Arbeitslosen von Marienthal
280:World Futures: the Great Debate
193:Die Arbeitslosen von Marienthal
1:
278:and Marie Jahoda (eds) 1978,
173:Pedagogical Academy of Vienna
633:Austrian women psychologists
272:Science Policy Research Unit
262:. In 1968 she was member of
260:Science Policy Research Unit
183:. Together with her husband
663:Austrian women sociologists
628:British women psychologists
254:, and was recruited by the
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658:British women sociologists
484:. Julius Beltz GmbH, 2002.
323:Lotte Franziska Lazarsfeld
195:(1932; English ed. 1971 –
130:Lotte Franziska Lazarsfeld
468:(published in the USA as
228:American Jewish Committee
226:and a researcher for the
30:
430:(with Richard Christie)
638:Austrian psychologists
618:Scientists from Vienna
345:Positive Mental Health
668:Austrian sociologists
456:(with H. S. D. Cole,
319:Paul Felix Lazarsfeld
250:. Jahoda founded the
698:Social psychologists
653:British sociologists
317:In 1927 she married
309:, England, aged 94.
256:University of Sussex
248:thin-sandwich degree
236:Studies on Prejudice
181:University of Vienna
91:University of Vienna
535:on 6 September 2006
529:Women in Psychology
458:Christopher Freeman
413:English ed. 1971 –
292:Christopher Freeman
276:Christopher Freeman
232:Columbia University
224:New York University
146:social psychologist
106:Social psychologist
378:Major publications
158:Engelbert Dollfuss
703:Lazarsfeld family
648:Jewish socialists
643:Jewish scientists
373:problem-solving).
244:Brunel University
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116:Paul Lazarsfeld
87:Alma mater
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55:Vienna, Austria
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52:26 January 1907
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525:"Marie Jahoda"
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470:Models of Doom
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447:Stuart W. Cook
443:Morton Deutsch
439:Claire Selltiz
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505:. 10 May 2001
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64:28 April 2001
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571:. Retrieved
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537:. Retrieved
533:the original
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507:. Retrieved
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462:Keith Pavitt
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349:In her book
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331:Herta Herzog
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296:Keith Pavitt
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217:World War II
204:Herta Herzog
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138:Marie Jahoda
137:
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38:
25:Marie Jahoda
18:
613:2001 deaths
608:1907 births
404:Hans Zeisel
339:Austen Albu
337:politician
313:Family life
189:Hans Zeisel
120:Austen Albu
76:Nationality
602:Categories
586:References
509:29 January
177:Psychology
166:Red Vienna
102:Occupation
40:After Dark
302:in 1992.
213:Anschluss
179:from the
152:Biography
144:-British
112:Spouse(s)
70:, England
539:2 August
410:. 1932.
142:Austrian
126:Children
82:-British
80:Austrian
591:Oxford
573:22 July
453:. 1964.
427:. 1952.
97:, 1933)
43:in 1988
460:, and
437:(with
434:(1954)
398:(with
335:Labour
327:M.I.T.
307:Sussex
68:Sussex
567:(PDF)
489:Notes
290:with
211:Nazi
575:2014
541:2007
511:2024
445:and
402:and
230:and
187:and
164:in ″
61:Died
49:Born
406:),
219:.
95:PhD
604::
527:.
464:)
449:)
441:,
390:;
386:;
341:.
294:,
266:.
148:.
577:.
543:.
513:.
93:(
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