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252:, the numbers of immigrants entering the camp rose sharply: from 19,198 in June 1961, to 30,444 in July (about 1,000 a day), and then more than 1,200 a day in the first days of August. On August 12 it reached 2,400. On 13 August 1961, East German authorities closed the buffer zone between the two parts of Berlin and started building the
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Interrogation by
Western Allied service agents for information about East Germany was frequent upon the refugees' arrivals at the camp. The camp featured barbed wire fences and identification cards to control who entered and left the camp and to keep out state security spies from the East.
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The
Federal Emergency Law was officially adopted by the West Berlin authorities on 4 February 1952. On July 30, a cornerstone for the new refugee camp was laid in Marienfelde, in the American occupation sector. Considerations that guided the Federal Emergency department
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a year later. Up to today, it remains in use, processing ethnic
Germans who are immigrating to Germany from the former Soviet Union as well as asylum applicants. A memorial was inaugurated at the site in 1993; it is currently operated by the
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district of West Berlin, to help those who immigrated, but a new, larger camp became necessary due to the increasing numbers of immigrants - about 200,000 in 1950, approximately 165,000 in 1951, and 182,000 in 1952. After the closure of the
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by decision of the East German government on 26 May 1952, tens of thousands of refugees used the remaining possibility to cross over the border from East Berlin into West Berlin.
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The camp operations started on August 1953, with ten housing blocks and a capacity of about 2,000 people, but it soon became over-crowded with waves of immigration after the
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district, where they received medical treatment, food, identification papers, and housing until they could be permanently re-settled in the West.
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Refugees in
Marienfelde during the 1950s received benefits such as reduced-rate airfairs from West Berlin to West Germany via
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participated in the ceremony alongside former refugees and other local politicians. In 2021,
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on June 17. The camp was expanded later on, but was always densely populated until 1961.
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After the establishment of the two German states, the West German
Federal Emergency Law (
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visited the site on 20 August 1961 and were welcomed by a crowd of refugees.
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The site commemorated its 60th anniversary in 2013. German
President
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Walls, Borders, Boundaries: Spatial and
Cultural Practices in Europe
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Interrogation Nation: Refugees and Spies in Cold War
Germany
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The Berlin Wall: 13 August 1961 - 9 November 1989 (reissued)
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Silberman, Marc; Till, Karen E.; Ward, Janet (2012-05-01).
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Marienfelde
Refugee Center: A sanctuary for East Germans
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for dealing with the great waves of immigration from
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580:Buildings and structures in Tempelhof-Schöneberg
270:The number of immigrants again rose during the
181:From 1948, a rising number of residents of the
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130:Marienfelde refugee camp, July 1961
122:Marienfelde refugee camp, July 1958
55:"Marienfelde refugee transit camp"
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523:Marienfelde Refugee Center Museum
468:"East German asylum anniversary"
390:Taylor, Frederick (2019-10-31).
223:and to the railway lines of the
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417:Allen, Keith R. (2017-05-25).
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332:the two other camps were in
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151:Notaufnahmelager Marienfelde
570:Cold War history of Germany
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320:References
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263:and mayor
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