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In 1963, he applied for US citizenship, admitting that he had been arrested on a sodomy charge in 1959. He was ordered to be deported. He challenged his deportation until it became a federal matter and became a case for the
Supreme Court. In a six-three decision, the court ruled that Congress had decided to bar gay people from entering the United States: "Congress was not laying down a clinical test, but an exclusionary standard which it declared to be inclusive of those having homosexual and perverted characteristics..." Congress used the phrase 'psychopathic personality' not in the clinical sense, but to effectuate its purpose to exclude from entry all homosexuals and other sex perverts." Boutilier was torn from his partner of eight years. According to one historian, "Presumably distraught about the Court's Decision... Boutillier attempted suicide before leaving New York, survived a month-long coma that left him brain-damaged with permanent disabilities, and moved to southern Ontario with his parents, who took on the task of caring for him for more than twenty years." He died in Canada on April 12, 2003, only weeks before that country moved to legalize same-sex marriage.
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Sullivan. He was living in
Boulder, Colorado, with his American partner, Richard Adams. When Sullivan's visitor's visa was about to expire, they managed to persuade the county clerk to issue them a marriage license, with which Sullivan applied for a green card as Adams' spouse. They received a negative reply from the Immigration and Naturalization Service. Sullivan and Adams sued, and in 1980, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals concluded that because Congress intended to restrict the term "spouse" to opposite-sex couples, and because Congress has extensive power to limit access to immigration benefits, the denial was lawful. The ban was finally repealed in 1990, but without making any provision for gays and lesbians to be treated equally with regard to family-based immigration sponsorship. Sponsorship became possible only after the 2013 US Supreme Court decision in
1021:) is illegal in all 50 states, as well as the District of Columbia, Guam, and Puerto Rico. Bigamy is punishable by a fine, imprisonment, or both, according to the law of the individual state and the circumstances of the offense. Because state laws exist, polygamy is not actively prosecuted at the federal level, but the practice is considered "against public policy" and, accordingly, the U.S. government does not recognize bigamous marriages for immigration purposes (that is, would not allow one of the spouses to petition for immigration benefits for the other), even if they are legal in the country where a bigamous marriage was celebrated. Any immigrant coming to the United States to practice polygamy will not be admitted.
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obligations afforded to married couples by the federal government, but the relevant state government may offer parallel benefits. Because domestic partnerships in the United States are determined by each state or local jurisdictions, or employers, there is no nationwide consistency on the rights, responsibilities, and benefits accorded domestic partners. Some couples enter into a private, informal, documented domestic partnership agreement, specifying their mutual obligations because the obligations are otherwise merely implied, and written contracts are much more valid in legal circumstances.
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718:"Our law affords constitutional protection to personal decisions relating to marriage, procreation, contraception, family relationships, child rearing, and education. These matters, involving the most intimate and personal choices a person may make in a lifetime, choices central to personal dignity and autonomy, are central to the liberty protected by the Fourteenth Amendment. At the heart of liberty is the right to define one's own concept of existence, of meaning, of the universe, and of the mystery of human life."
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rest of their families to immigrate. Precautions have been taken by several countries such as the United States, Great
Britain, and Australia. They have fought the proliferation of the mail-order bride industry through amending immigration laws. The United States addressed the mail-order bride system by passing the Immigration Marriage Fraud Amendment of 1986. Great Britain and Australia have experienced similar immigration and are trying to deal with the issue.
538:—older than our political parties, older than our school system. Marriage is a coming together for better or for worse, hopefully enduring, and intimate to the degree of being sacred. It is an association that promotes a way of life, not causes; a harmony in living, not political faiths; a bilateral loyalty, not commercial or social projects. Yet it is an association for as noble a purpose as any involved in our prior decisions."
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1965 to more specifically prohibit the entry of persons "afflicted with... sexual deviation." Until 1990, "sexual deviation" was grounds for exclusion from the United States, and anyone who admitted being a homosexual was refused entry. Lesbian and gay individuals are now admitted and US citizens may petition for immigrant visas for their same-sex spouses under the same terms as opposite-sex spouses.
155:
If two first cousins attempt to marry in Nevada, that marriage will not be valid in either Nevada or
California, notwithstanding it could be legally contracted in California. But if they attempt to marry in California, their attempt will be successful and the marriage will be valid in both California and Nevada, notwithstanding the marriage could not be legally contracted in Nevada. This may lead to
895:. However, absent legal registration or similar notice of the marriage, the parties to a common law marriage or their eventual heirs may have difficulty proving their relationship to be marriage. Some states provide for registration of an informal or common-law marriage based on the declaration of each of the spouses on a state-issued form.
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combination of these situations. Most states allow minors aged 16 and 17 to marry with parental consent alone. 30 states have set an absolute minimum age by statute, which varies between 13 and 18, while in 20 states there is no statutory minimum age if other legal conditions are met. In states with no set minimum age, the traditional
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not more than 5 years, or fined not more than $ 250,000, or both." The U.S. citizen or resident spouse could also face criminal prosecution, including fines or imprisonment. They could be prosecuted for either criminal conspiracy or for establishing a "commercial enterprise" to fraudulently acquire green cards for immigrants.
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The punishment for fraud is a large monetary penalty and the possibility of never becoming a permanent resident of the United States. According to the statute, "Any individual who knowingly enters into a marriage for the purpose of evading any provision of the immigration laws shall be imprisoned for
341:
Studies show that the number of working-age
Americans without a partner is on the rise, and a growing number of young people are living together without marriage. Experts often link the long-term decline in marriages to gender equality, financial independence and education. The national marriage rate
329:
According to the 2010 U.S. Census Bureau, the average family income is higher than previous years at $ 62,770. The percentage of family households below the poverty line in 2011 was 15.1%, higher than in 2000 when it was 11.3%. According to a report in 2013, the percentage of heterosexual couples who
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became the first state high court to declare the state's ban on interracial marriage unconstitutional. In 1967, the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously rendered unenforceable remaining interracial marriage laws – these had been applicable in sixteen states forming the south-east of the United States
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In 1967, the
Supreme Court confirmed that, when describing a homosexual person, they were to be referred to as a "psychopathic personality." Twenty-one-year-old Clive Boutilier, a Canadian, had moved to the United States in 1955 to join his mother, stepfather, and 3 siblings who already lived there.
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Many U.S. courts (e.g. Turner v. S., 212 Miss. 590, 55 So.2d 228) treat bigamy as a strict liability crime: in some jurisdictions, a person can be convicted of a felony even if he or she reasonably believed he or she had only one legal spouse. For example, a person who mistakenly believes that their
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The age at which a person can marry varies by state. The marriage age is generally 18 years, with the exception of
Nebraska (19) and Mississippi (21). In addition, all states, except Delaware, allow minors to marry in certain circumstances, such as parental consent, judicial consent, pregnancy, or a
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rules - including marriages that cannot be legally contracted domestically. Likewise, an invalidly contracted out-of-state marriage will not be valid domestically, even if it could have been validly contracted domestically. For example, California allows first cousins to marry but Nevada does not.
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are a version of civil unions. Registration and recognition are functions of states, localities, or employers; such unions may be available to couples of the same sex and, sometimes, opposite sex. Although similar to marriage, a domestic partnership does not confer the 1,138 rights, privileges, and
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In 2004, Massachusetts became the first state to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples. In reaction, many states took measures to define marriage as existing between one man and one woman. By 2012, 31 states had amended their constitutions to prevent same-sex marriage, and 6 had legalized it.
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As at
October 25, 2023, seven states required couples to declare their racial background when applying for a marriage license, without which they cannot marry. The states are Connecticut, Delaware, Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, New Hampshire and Alabama. After a lawsuit against Virginia's law by
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date back to
Colonial America. The earliest were established in Maryland and Virginia in the 1660s. After independence, seven of the original colonies and many new states, particularly those in the West and the South, also implemented anti-miscegenation laws. Despite a number of repeals in the 19th
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is when one person marries one other person and is the most common and accepted form of marriage in the United States. Serial monogamy is when individuals are permitted to marry again, often on the death of the first spouse or after divorce; they cannot have more than one spouse at one time because
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African
Americans have married the least of all of the predominant ethnic groups in the U.S. with a 29.9% marriage rate, but have the highest separation rate which is 4.5%. Native Americans have the second lowest marriage rate with 37.9%. Hispanics have a 45.1% marriage rate, with a 3.5% separation
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As of 2006, 55.7% of Americans age 18 and over were married. According to the 2008–2010 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates, 51.5% of males and 47.7% of females over the age of 15 were married. The separation rate was 1.8% for males and 2.5% for females. Rates of marriage are falling rapidly
1262:
The revision of American immigration law imposed a ban on homosexual people beginning in 1952. The language barred "aliens afflicted with psychopathic personality, epilepsy or mental defect." Congress explicitly intended this language to cover "homosexuals and sex perverts." The law was amended in
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A conditional residence green card is given to applicants who are being processed for permanent residence in the United States because they are married to a U.S. citizen. It is valid for two years. At the end of this time period if the card holder does not change the status of their residency they
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There are several reasons that Americans marry. The desire to have children is one; having a family is a high priority among many Americans. People also desire love, companionship, commitment, continuity, and permanence. There are some reasons for marriage that are ephemeral. These reasons include
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In the United States, the two ethnic groups with the highest marriage rates included Asians with 58.5% and Whites with 52.9%. Asians have the lowest rate of divorce among the main groups with 1.8%. Whites, African Americans, and Native Americans have the highest rates of being widowed ranging from
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The four maps on the right shows the pattern of married, widowed, separated, and divorced households in the United States in the year 2000. The map on the bottom left shows that the west coast had the highest percentages of households to go through divorce. According to the map bottom right of the
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Over the last 50 years, Americans increasingly choose not to marry. The proportion of Americans age 25–50 who had never married rose from 9% in 1970 to 35% in 2018. They also increasingly find themselves in a household without a partner: the proportion of Americans age 25–54 who were not currently
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First world governments have speculated that some foreign women marry men in their country as an easy immigration route, staying married long enough to secure permanent citizenship, and then divorcing their husbands. Whether the brides choose to remain married or not, they could still sponsor the
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has created a fraudulent marriage the immigrant is subject to removal from the United States. The marriage must be fraudulent at its inception, as can be determined by several factors. The factors include the conduct of parties before and after the marriage, and the bride and groom's intention of
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eligible quarters (10 years), the immigrant spouse is no longer considered a permanent alien and has left the U.S., the immigrant spouse obtained an ability to adjust their status, or the immigrant spouse dies. A sponsor's death also cuts off the obligation, but not in regards to any support the
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Even with the ban being enforced homosexual people still managed to come to the United States for several reasons, but especially to be with the people they loved. The fight to allow homosexual immigrants into the United States continued in the mid-1970 with an Australian national named Anthony
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summarizes the law and its implications: "Its major provision stipulates that aliens deriving their immigrant status based on a marriage of less than two years are conditional immigrants. To remove their conditional status the immigrants must apply at a U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
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Since the 2010s, the rate of ideological heterogamy has increased dramatically, from about 6 percent in the 1970s to 22 percent today. For every young liberal woman today there are only 0.6 single young liberal men. Likewise, there are only 0.5 unmarried young conservative women for every young
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means two unmarried people, who are in a loving, most often intimate, relationship, living together. Many couples cohabit as a way to experience married life before marriage. Some cohabit instead of marrying. Others may live together because other arrangements are less desired. In the past few
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office during the 90-day period before their second-year anniversary of receiving conditional status. If the aliens cannot show that the marriage through which the status was obtained was and is a valid one, their conditional immigrant status may be terminated and they may become deportable."
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living with a partner (whether married or unmarried) rose from 29% in 1990 to 38% in 2019. Susan Brown, co-director of the National Center for Family and Marriage Research, said the number of women marrying for the first time between the ages of 40 and 59 has increased 75 percent since 1990.
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of a related immigrant must guarantee financial support to the family. These guarantees form a contract between a sponsor and the federal government. It requires the sponsor to support the immigrant relative at a level equivalent to 125% of the poverty line for his or her household size. A
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According to the U.S. Census Bureau "Every year over 450,000 United States citizens marry foreign-born individuals and petition for them to obtain a permanent residency (Green Card) in the United States." In 2003, 184,741 immigrants were admitted to the U.S. as spouses of U.S. citizens.
121:. Divorce rates peaked in 1979, and had dropped by more than a third by the early 2020s. In 2009, it was found that marriages that end in divorce lasted for a median of 8 years. As a rough rule, marriage has more legal ramifications than other types of bonds between consenting adults. A
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740:"Choices about marriage, family life, and the upbringing of children are among associational rights this Court has ranked as 'of basic importance in our society,' rights sheltered by the Fourteenth Amendment against the State's unwarranted usurpation, disregard, or disrespect."
762:"ur laws and tradition afford constitutional protection to personal decisions relating to marriage, procreation, contraception, family relationships, and education. ... Persons in a homosexual relationship may seek autonomy for these purposes, just as heterosexual persons do."
1320:(on the grounds of "irreconcilable differences", "irretrievable breakdown of marriage", "incompatibility", or after a separation period etc.) gradually became available in all states beginning with California in 1969 and ending with New York in 2010. State law provides for
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establishing a life together. The validity must be proved by the couple by showing insurance policies, property, leases, income tax, bank accounts, etc. Cases are decided by determining whether the sole purpose of the marriage was to gain benefits for the immigrant.
89:
Marriages vary considerably in terms of religion, socioeconomic status, age, commitment, and so forth. Reasons for marrying may include a desire to have children, love, or economic security. Marriage has been in some instances used for the sole purpose of gaining a
1241:. Brides from Eastern European countries have been in demand. The mail-order bride phenomenon can be traced as far back as the 1700s and 1800s. This was due to the immigration of European colonizers who were in far away areas and wanted brides from their homeland.
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There are conditional requirements in order to obtain a green card through the marriage process. The prospect must have a conditional green card. This becomes permanent after approval by the government. The candidate may then apply for United States citizenship.
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The conditional immigration status can be terminated for several causes, including divorce, invalid marriage, and failure to petition Immigration Services to remove the classification of conditional residency. If Immigration Services suspects that an
117:, and support obligations of one spouse toward the other. Since the late 1960s, divorce has become more prevalent. Divorce rates in 2005 were four times the divorce rates in 1955, and a quarter of children less than 16 years old were raised by a
86:. The median age for the first marriage has increased in recent years. The median age in the early 1970s was 23 for men and 21 for women; and it rose to 28 for men and 26 for women by 2009 and by 2017, it was 29.5 for men and 27.4 for women.
781:"he right to marry is a fundamental right inherent in the liberty of the person, and under the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment couples of the same-sex may not be deprived of that right and that liberty."
652:"t is clear that among the decisions that an individual may make without unjustified government interference are personal decisions relating to marriage, procreation, contraception, family relationships, and child rearing and education."
630:"hen the government intrudes on choices concerning family living arrangements, this Court must examine carefully the importance of the governmental interests advanced and the extent to which they are served by the challenged regulation."
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of the contract, the immigrant, or the Federal Government may sue for the promised support in the event the sponsor does not fulfill the obligations of the contract. The sponsor is also liable for the prevailing party's legal expenses.
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The margin by which the measure passed was itself a statement. A clear majority, 60 percent, voted to remove the miscegenation statute from the state constitution, but 40 percent of Alabamans – nearly 526,000 people – voted to keep
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census chart the south east coast and New Orleans had the highest percentage of separated houses in the U.S. The northeast had the highest percentages of marriages. The highest percentages of widowed households was in the Midwest.
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839:. Once they meet the requirements of the respective state, couples in those recognized common-law marriages are considered legally married for all purposes and in all circumstances. Common-law marriage can be contracted in
322:
The median age for Americans' first marriage has risen in recent years, with the median age at first marriage in the early 1970s being 21 for women and 23 for men, and in 2009, it had risen to 26 for women and 28 for men.
941:
removed the question from future licenses on September 14, 2019. The law was ruled unconstitutional by a District Court on October 11, 2019, and the law was repealed by the Virginia General Assembly on March 10, 2020.
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In 2017, Connecticut and Texas became the 24th and 25th states to set a minimum age, and in 2018, Florida, Kentucky, Arizona, Delaware and Tennessee became the 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th and 30th states to set a minimum
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does not end the sponsor's obligation to provide the support deemed by the contract. The only ways to terminate the obligation are the immigrant spouse becomes a U.S. citizen, the immigrant spouse has worked forty
1000:
Bolstered by the repeal of DOMA, an additional 30 states legalized same-sex marriage between 2012 and 2015. On June 26, 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court declared all state bans on same-sex marriage unconstitutional in
890:
All U.S. jurisdictions recognize common-law marriages that were validly contracted in the originating jurisdiction, because they are valid marriages in the jurisdiction where they were contracted, because of the
235:
wrote in his diary that the ideal spouse was willing to "palliate faults and mistakes, to put the best construction upon words and actions, and to forgive injuries." A 1940 paper by a sociology professor at the
1476:
A ceremonial marriage had been declared invalid by the state because it was not filed as required by law, but the marriage was treated as valid under military law such that the servicemember was convicted of
1253:
In 2000, 36,000 same-sex bi-national couples were living in the United States. A majority of these couples were raising young children. Female couples head 58% of bi-national families; 33% are male couples.
133:
to a certain extent is an expectation of marriage, in which context it means living together, a term also applied to when two unmarried people live together and have an intimate or loving relationship.
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There are different procedures based on whether the applicant is already a U.S. citizen or if the applicant is an immigrant. The marriage must also be legal in, if appropriate, the emigrant's country.
326:
In 2009, 2,077,000 marriages occurred in the United States. From that point on, though, a Pew study found that the number of new marriages declined 5% in just one year (that is, from 2009 to 2010).
927:. Many other states repealed their laws in the following decade, with the exception of states in the South. In 1967, the U.S. Supreme Court declared all anti-miscegenation laws unconstitutional in
418:
129:
are a version of civil unions. Registration and recognition are functions of states, localities, or employers; such unions may be available to couples of the same sex and, sometimes, opposite sex.
3773:"America, Home of the Transactional Marriage: The country's exceptionally thin safety net prompts residents—especially those with less-steady employment—to view partnership in more economic terms"
817:
Marriage has been restricted over the course of the history of the United States according race, sexual orientation, number of parties entering into the marriage, and familial relationships.
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can be obtained in advance of entry of the non-national where there is a long-term, committed relationship demonstrable. In 2003, 184,741 immigrants were admitted as spouses of US citizens.
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285:, or informally separated. Of those who were "separated or divorced," approximately 74% were legally divorced, 15% were "separated," and 11% were listed as having an "absent spouse."
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605:
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minimum age is 14 for boys and 12 for girls – ages which have been confirmed by case law in some states. Over the past 15 years, more than 200,000 minors married in the US, and in
342:
fell to 5.1 per 1,000 in 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the lowest level in 121 years. By 2021, new marriages had almost returned to pre-pandemic levels. 6.0 per 1000 people.
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or death of a spouse. Divorce (known as dissolution of marriage in some states) laws vary by state, and address issues such as how the two spouses bifurcate their property, how
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125:
is "a formal union between two people of the same or of different genders which results in, but falls short of, marriage-like rights and obligations," according to one view.
1209:
Initially, it was conducted through mailed catalogs, but now, more often, on the internet. Prospective brides are typically from developing nations such as South/Southeast
1132:
955:
604:"This Court has long recognized that freedom of personal choice in matters of marriage and family life is one of the liberties protected by the Due Process Clause of the
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conservative man. Statistically, about half of these ideologically minded young singles face the prospect of not being able to find a partner who shares their politics.
224:. It struck down the law directly in that state. In 2000, Alabama became the last state to adapt its laws to the Supreme Court's decision, when 60% of voters endorsed a
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century, in 1948, 30 out of 48 states enforced prohibitions against interracial marriage. A number of these laws were repealed between 1948 and 1967. In 1948, the
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Marriage is "the most important relation in life" and "the foundation of the family and society, without which there would be neither civilization nor progress."
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measured the marital status of U.S. residents, showing several trends. While about 96% of residents in their 70s and 80s were married at least once, many were
1308:
is the province of state governments, so divorce law varies from state to state. Prior to the 1970s, divorcing spouses had to prove that the other spouse was
56:, however, the age of majority is 19, while the general marriage age is 18. Most states also set a lower age at which underage persons are able to marry with
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due to the racist attitudes of the time. Nine states, including the most recent two, never passed any law clearly forbidding such a marriage. In 1948, the
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and some territories. Some states have some restrictions or exceptions for first cousin marriages and/or recognize such marriages performed out-of-state.
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385:. Part of the function of looking at marriage from a sociological perspective is to give insight into the reasons behind various marital arrangements.
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5%–6.5%. They also have the highest rates of divorce among the three, ranging from 11%–13% with Native Americans having the highest divorce rate.
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Nielsen, Arthur; William Pinsof (October 2004). "Marriage 101: An Integrated Academic and Experiential Undergraduate Marriage Education Course".
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Meltzer, A.; McNulty, J.; Novak, S.; Butler, E.; Karney, B. (2011). "Marriages are more satisfying when wives are thinner than their husbands".
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986:(DOMA) in 1996, which denied federal recognition of same-sex marriages and defined marriage to be between one man and one woman. In 2013, the
560:"The freedom to marry has long been recognized as one of the vital personal rights essential to the orderly pursuit of happiness by free men."
4082:"Relations between spouses' depressive symptoms and marital conflict: A longitudinal investigation of the role of conflict resolution styles"
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1982:
1952:
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417:. Common-law marriage is no longer permitted in most states. Though federal law does not regulate state marriage law, it does provide for
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Medina, A.; Lederhos, C.; Lillis, T. (2009). "Sleep disruption and decline in marital satisfaction across the transition to parenthood".
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Hernandez, K.; Mahoney, A.; Pargament, K. (2011). "Sanctification of sexuality: Implications for newlyweds' marital and sexual quality".
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2026:
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61:
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Gordon, C.; Arnetter, R.; Smith, R. (2011). "Have you thanked your spouse today?: Felt and expressed gratitude among married couples".
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Immigrants who use the reason of family ties to gain entry into the United States are required to document financial arrangements. The
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applies. An individual may marry without parental consent or other authorization on reaching 18 years of age in all states except in
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and higher income than those who do not marry. Some commentators suggest that marriage in twenty-first century America has become a
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A map comparing the distributions of marriage in 2006 and 2017 of the population 15 years or older by state in the United States.
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in 1972, but both marriages were declared invalid by courts afterwards. In 1993, three same-sex couples challenged the legality
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1316:, abandonment, or cruelty; when spouses simply could not get along, lawyers were forced to manufacture "uncontested" divorces.
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is a form of marriage in which someone marries multiple people at a given time, and is illegal throughout the U.S. under the
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2232:"Table A1. Marital Status of People 15 Years and Over, by Age, Sex, Personal Earnings, Race, and Hispanic Origin/1: 2004"
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98:; the Immigration Marriage Fraud Amendments of 1986 are among laws that can be used to set aside such marriages, and a
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Marriage is "one of the basic civil rights of man" and "fundamental to the very existence and survival of the race."
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reported that male students resisted the idea of marrying a girl who they suspected had sex with another man. The
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spouse is dead or that their divorce is final can still be convicted of bigamy if they marry a different person.
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Glorieux, I.; Minnen, J.; Tienoven, T. P. (2011). "Spouse "together time": Quality time within the household".
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laws are established by individual states. There are two methods of receiving state recognition of a marriage:
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696:"he decision to marry is a fundamental right" and an "expression of emotional support and public commitment."
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decades, societal standards that discouraged cohabitation have faded; it is now considered more acceptable.
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A mail-order bride is a foreign woman who contacts American men and immigrates for the purpose of marriage.
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The right "to marry, establish a home and bring up children" is a central part of liberty protected by the
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3092:"SB 62 Marriage records; divorce and annulment reports, eliminates requirement for identification of race"
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582:"arriage involves interests of basic importance to our society" and is "a fundamental human relationship."
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or judicial consent. Marriages where one partner is less than 18 years of age are commonly referred to as
2746:"SB 1705: Relating to the application for and issuance of a marriage license and the marriage of a minor"
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9 GCA CRIMES AND CORRECTIONS: CH. 31 OFFENSES AGAINST THE FAMILY: 31.10: Bigamy; Defined & Punished
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Children of cohabiting, instead of married, parents are prone to a more changing family unit. In 2011,
3067:"'This needs to go': Why couples challenged Virginia's racial marriage license disclosure requirement"
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The term is used in a legal setting often to mean, as applied to spouses, living together. Otherwise,
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government resulted in an intense legal conflict, and resulted in it being outlawed federally by the
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due to the death of their spouses. In addition, a large portion of middle-aged Americans are either
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Jus civile matrimoniale in statibus foederatis americae septentrionalis cum jure canonico comparatum
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2122:
Abrams, Ray (Summer 1940). "The Contribution of Sociology to a Course on Marriage and the Family".
1194:
1102:
656:
142:
All U.S. jurisdictions recognize all validly contracted out-of-state marriages under their laws of
3225:
1521:
809:
a 10-year-old girl was married in 2001, before the state finally set a minimum age of 17 in 2018.
4068:
4039:
3888:
3842:
3265:
2546:
2277:
2139:
929:
542:
487:
438:
270:
220:
199:
3923:"Provider role attitudes, marital satisfaction, role overload, and housework: A dyadic approach"
2328:"First Marriages in the United States: Data from the 2006–2010 National Survey of Family Growth"
2037:
1712:
1670:
4111:
4010:
3981:
3952:
3859:
3759:
3697:
3693:
3667:
3604:
3170:
3091:
2702:
2613:
2102:
1978:
1948:
1833:
1798:
1732:
1674:
1168:
has been amended many times, but still remains the basic and central body of immigration law.
744:
468:
225:
79:
2098:
4101:
4093:
4060:
4031:
4002:
3973:
3942:
3934:
3909:
3880:
3832:
3824:
3797:
2131:
1724:
1636:
1317:
1309:
1075:
1048:
1028:
Polygamy became a significant social and political issue in the United States in 1852, when
722:
678:
414:
282:
151:
57:
2391:
1910:
982:. The case brought same-sex marriage to national attention and spurred the creation of the
3022:"Couples were asked to tell their race for a Virginia marriage license. Now they're suing"
2910:
1086:
1033:
195:
49:
3728:
3363:
2361:
Cohn, D’Vera; Passel, Jeffrey S.; Wang, Wendy; Livingston, Gretchen (December 14, 2011).
1381:
of children of cohabitees saw them break up before they were 12 years old, as opposed to
4106:
4081:
3947:
3922:
3686:
3041:"Couples in Virginia will no longer have to disclose race to obtain a marriage license"
2803:
2253:
1663:
1128:
1052:
978:
923:
860:
757:
735:
713:
669:
647:
625:
599:
577:
529:
507:
481:
459:
214:
2728:"Substitute for H.B. No. 5442: AN ACT CONCERNING THE LEGAL AGE TO MARRY IN THIS STATE"
691:
4165:
4072:
3892:
3802:
3785:
2091:
1640:
1321:
1060:
1037:
555:
395:
147:
114:
4043:
3846:
3291:
398:, economic security, rebellion or revenge, or validation of an unplanned pregnancy.
74:
Marriage laws have changed considerably over time, including the removal of bans on
48:
the general marriage age is also 21. In all these jurisdictions, these are also the
2925:
1884:
1360:
961:
938:
876:
856:
187:
3634:
3444:"Instructions for Affidavit of Support Under Section 213A of the INA (Form I-864)"
209:
When the country was founded in the 1770s, marriage between whites and non-whites
3598:
3384:
231:
Expectations of a marriage partner have changed over time. Second U.S. President
3190:
2493:"Valentine's Day is a time for engagements. Where are Americans tying the knot?"
2467:"Marriage as a 'luxury good': The class divide in who gets married and divorced"
1214:
1182:
1141:
1041:
382:
335:
122:
45:
41:
3913:
4064:
3884:
3828:
2829:
2584:
2093:
Marriage, a history: from obedience to intimacy or how love conquered marriage
802:
232:
118:
33:
29:
4035:
3863:
3473:"The intersection of Family Law and Immigration Law: Alien love and marriage"
3226:"8 USC 1182: Excludable aliens: (9) Miscellaneous (A) Practicing polygamists"
2789:
2706:
1837:
1283:
that struck down a provision to the contrary in the Defense of Marriage Act.
330:
marry has fallen dramatically, but couples who marry are more likely to have
1728:
1234:
1222:
806:
106:
4115:
4014:
3985:
3956:
3763:
3498:"The Mail-Order Bride Industry and Immigration:Combating Immigration Fraud"
2634:
2583:. National Conference of State Legislatures. April 19, 2011. Archived from
1116:
will be put on "out of status". Legal action by the government may follow.
3812:
3338:
3312:
1736:
2926:"Marriage Laws of the Fifty States, District of Columbia and Puerto Rico"
1313:
1218:
1153:
840:
406:
378:
370:
365:
179:
The marriage between Luisa de Abrego, a free black domestic servant from
37:
3684:
Thornton, Arland; William G. Axinn; Yu Xie (2007). "U.S. cohabitation".
2006:
1797:. National Technical Information Service, U. S. Department of Commerce.
1325:
1305:
1189:
852:
278:
184:
180:
110:
53:
3837:
3449:. United States Citizenship and Immigration Services. December 8, 2021
2143:
421:
that differ from those of unmarried couples. Reports published by the
228:
that removed anti-miscegenation language from the state constitution.
4097:
4006:
3977:
3938:
2877:"Understanding State Statutes on Minimum Marriage Age and Exceptions"
2327:
1068:
1064:
1018:
973:
921:
ruled the Californian anti-miscegenation statute unconstitutional in
880:
848:
674:"he right to marry is of fundamental importance for all individuals."
374:
143:
4150:
3524:"'Mail-order brides': are we seeing this phenomenon in New Zealand?"
3337:. United States Citizenship and Immigration Services. Archived from
3311:. United States Citizenship and Immigration Services. Archived from
2188:"Rising Share of U.S. Adults Are Living Without a Spouse or Partner"
1706:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1089:
is illegal in most states. However, it is legal in some states, the
960:
For much of the United States's history, marriage was restricted to
2135:
265:
Marital status of residents of the United States of America in 2004
1296:
1238:
1230:
1226:
864:
301:
274:
260:
166:
2906:"More than 200,000 children married in US over the last 15 years"
1828:
Williams, Brian K.; Sawyer, Stacy C.; Wahlstrom, Carl M. (2005).
1198:
sponsor already owes which will be paid by the sponsor's estate.
990:
ruled that Section 3 of DOMA was unconstitutional in the case of
2326:
Copen, C.E.; Daniels, K; Vespa, J; Mosher, WD (March 22, 2012).
2007:"Luisa de Abrego: Marriage, Bigamy, and the Spanish Inquisition"
1210:
868:
844:
4051:
Rust, J.; Goldstein, J. (1989). "Humor in marital adjustment".
3856:
Until Choice Do Us Part: Marriage Reform in the Progressive Era
2159:"More Than One-third of Prime-age Americans Have Never Married"
2021:
2019:
1515:"Marriages and Divorces Number and Rate by State: 1990 to 2009"
1032:(LDS Church) made it known that a form of the practice, called
373:
which in countries with marital monogamy like the US is called
2930:
2695:"Opinion | A Profound Ruling Delivers Justice on Gay Marriage"
1874:"Number, Timing, and Duration of Marriages and Divorces: 2009"
1036:, was part of its doctrine. Opposition to the practice by the
3548:"1948 Marriage Fraud—8 U.S.C. § 1325(c) and 18 U.S.C. § 1546"
3169:. Vol. 8 (2nd ed.). Detroit: Gale. pp. 26–28.
2367:
Pew Research Center’s Social & Demographic Trends Project
2192:
Pew Research Center’s Social & Demographic Trends Project
1152:
These Amendment Acts cover spouses, children of spouses, and
437:
has in at least 15 cases since 1888 ruled that marriage is a
3165:
Lehman, Jeffrey; Phelps, Shirelle, eds. (2004). "Polygamy".
82:. In 2009, there were 2,077,000 marriages, according to the
3813:"Marital satisfaction in couples with an alcoholic husband"
1765:. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. Archived from
1601:
Geiger, Abigail; Livingston, Gretchen (February 13, 2018).
964:
couples. Marriage licenses were issued to gay male couples
3725:"Why More Parents Are Choosing Cohabitation Over Marriage"
3666:. Supreme Court of the United States. 2013. Archived from
1457:"United States v. Juillerat, ACM 206-06 (A.F.C.C.A. 2016)"
1055:
of the practice on September 25, 1890. However, breakaway
394:
social legitimacy, social pressure, the desire for a high
3550:, US Attorneys Manual, Title 9, Criminal Resource Manual.
2664:"14 Supreme Court Cases: Marriage is a Fundamental Right"
2609:
Common law marriage: a legal institution for cohabitation
2301:"Now Political Polarization Comes for Marriage Prospects"
4157:. National Center for Health Statistics. April 22, 2024.
1127:
Public Law 99-639 (Act of 11/10/86) was passed to deter
701:
Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey
2612:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 187–190.
2363:"Barely Half of U.S. Adults Are Married – A Record Low"
3266:"Philly's Black Muslims Increasingly turn to Polygamy"
1853:"Divorce Rate in the U.S.: Geographic Variation, 2022"
1794:
Statistical Abstract of the United ... – Census Bureau
1074:
Some other Americans practice polygamy including some
3921:
Helms, H.; Walls, J.; Crouter, A.; Susan, M. (2010).
2764:"Florida Gov. Signs Child Marriage Ban, Tax Cut Bill"
1570:
1568:
3692:. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. p.
3592:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3576:
2959:"Common law marriage in Alabama ending Jan. 1, 2017"
2254:"Current Population Survey (CPS), CPS Table Creator"
1944:
Living Together: A Legal Guide for Unmarried Couples
1851:
National Center for Family & Marriage Research.
16:
Overview of the aspects of marriage in United States
3574:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3566:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3558:
3556:
2985:"Declaration and Registration of Informal Marriage"
2268:"America's Families and Living Arrangements - 2006"
1941:Warner, Ralph; Toni Ihara; Frederick Hertz (2008).
976:'s statute prohibiting gay marriage in the lawsuit
24:is a legal, social, and religious institution. The
3685:
3420:. Battered Women's Justice Project. Archived from
2299:
2090:
1711:Nadelson, Carol; Malkah Notman (October 1, 1981).
1662:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1490:in a church general conference on October 6, 1890.
1411:Married Women's Property Acts in the United States
1249:Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender immigrants
1133:United States Citizenship and Immigration Services
956:Same-sex marriage legislation in the United States
3629:
3627:
2635:"Defense of Marriage Act: Update to Prior Report"
2547:"Some Muslims in U.S. Quietly Engage in Polygamy"
425:in 1997 and 2004 identified over 1000 such laws.
3811:Dethier, M.; Counerotte, C.; Blairy, S. (2011).
3466:
3464:
2415:"Poverty rate rises as incomes decline – Census"
1830:Marriages, Families & Intimate Relationships
534:"We deal with a right of privacy older than the
1966:
1964:
1763:"Immigration Marriage Fraud Amendments of 1986"
1669:. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press. p.
1661:Jeanne H. Ballantine; Keith A. Roberts (2009).
1324:where children are involved, and sometimes for
1030:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
4053:Humor: International Journal of Humor Research
3385:"8 U.S. Code § 1325 - Improper entry by alien"
2782:"SB48 18RS: AN ACT relating to child marriage"
1692:types of marriage monogamy polyandry polygamy.
1301:Marriage and divorce rates in the US 1990–2007
1172:Intersection of immigration law and family law
875:. Common-law marriage may also be valid under
419:rights and responsibilities of married couples
3529:. Institute of Policy Studies. Archived from
3253:(2nd ed.). West Publishing. p. 131.
2186:Fry, Richard; Parker, Kim (October 5, 2021).
1123:Immigration Marriage Fraud Amendments of 1986
8:
4080:Schudlich, T.; Mark, C.; Lauren, P. (2011).
4024:Social Psychological and Personality Science
3517:
3515:
3364:"§ 275 (8 USC 1325) Improper entry by alien"
2298:Stone, Lyman; Wilcox, Brad (June 11, 2023).
1603:"8 facts about love and marriage in America"
905:Anti-miscegenation laws in the United States
3522:Lawton, Zoë; Callister, Paul (March 2011).
3418:"Assisting Immigrants of Domestic Violence"
3205:"Matter of Mujahid: Interim Decision #2462"
3191:"U.S. laws and Senate hearings on polygamy"
1936:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1928:
289:Marital status in the U.S. in the year 2000
44:(where the general marriage age is 21.) In
40:(where the general marriage age is 19) and
3491:
3489:
3471:Richard Forrest Kern (February 26, 2009).
3379:
3377:
2540:
2538:
2344:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
635:Carey v. Population Services International
4105:
3946:
3836:
3801:
3358:
3356:
3096:Virginia's Legislative Information System
2845:
2843:
1421:Marriage certificate § United States
1406:History of courtship in the United States
937:three couples, Virginia Attorney General
3858:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
3600:Social Work with Immigrants and Refugees
3394:– via Legal Information Institute.
3303:
3301:
3264:Barbara Bradley Hagerty (May 28, 2008).
2575:
2573:
2545:Barbara Bradley Hagerty (May 27, 2008).
2293:
2291:
1823:
1821:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1575:Marantz Henig, Robin (August 18, 2010).
1544:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
827:Common-law marriage in the United States
242:sexual revolution in 1960s United States
32:and territory, either by statute or the
3502:Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies
3039:Burke, Minyvonne (September 14, 2019).
2642:United States General Accounting Office
2340:U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services
1947:. Consolidated Printers. pp. 7–8.
1503:
1437:
1166:Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952
813:Restrictions and expansions of marriage
587:Cleveland Board of Education v. LaFleur
3902:Personality and Individual Differences
3020:Burke, Minyvonne (September 7, 2019).
2693:Board, The Editorial (June 26, 2015).
2413:Censky, Annalyn (September 13, 2011).
2054:Sengupta, Somini (November 12, 2000).
1977:. New York, NY: Routledge. p. 3.
1202:Mail-order bride and immigration fraud
952:Same-sex marriage in the United States
495:Skinner v. Oklahoma ex rel. Williamson
4125:"Social inequality's deepening roots"
2348:National Center for Health Statistics
1401:Family structure in the United States
173:Marriage Certificate issued in the US
7:
3771:Chen, Victor Tan (August 20, 2017).
3603:. Springer Publishing Company, LLC.
2668:American Foundation for Equal Rights
2066:from the original on August 21, 2009
1713:"To Marry or Not to Marry: A Choice"
1486:Woodruff's declaration was formally
1059:groups living mostly in the western
3639:US Citizen and Immigration Services
3167:West's Encyclopedia of American Law
3145:"P.R. Laws tit. 33, § 4754. Bigamy"
3065:McCarthy, Alex (October 18, 2019).
2633:Shah, Dayna K. (January 23, 2004).
2390:. U.S Census Bureau. Archived from
2388:"Income Data – State Median Income"
2212:Pandey, Erica (February 25, 2023).
1665:Our Social World: Condensed Version
1426:Single parents in the United States
1312:, for instance for being guilty of
946:Marriage law and sexual orientation
796:Child marriage in the United States
298:Trends and census data of 2006–2021
257:Marital status by age group in 2004
198:), is the first known and recorded
4151:"National Survey of Family Growth"
2465:Linn, Allison (October 26, 2013).
2439:Cohn, D’Vera (February 13, 2013).
2332:National Health Statistics Reports
1717:The American Journal of Psychiatry
14:
3370:, 2011 – via lawandsoftware
2957:Gore, Leada (December 28, 2016).
2904:Baynes, Chris (August 28, 2018).
2491:Zhang, Dian (February 14, 2023).
1974:Cohabitation, family, and society
1577:"What Is It About 20-Somethings?"
1355:Cohabitation in the United States
1053:the church's official abandonment
792:Marriage age in the United States
3803:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00782.x
3786:"If momma aint happy, no one is"
1641:10.1111/j.0197-6664.2004.00057.x
1268:Boutilier v. Immigration Service
1071:still practice plural marriage.
966:Michael McConnell and Jack Baker
885:Uniform Code of Military Justice
4123:Will, George (March 27, 2015).
3995:Families, Systems, & Health
3758:(in Latin). Kenedy & Sons.
3754:Culver Bernardo Alford (1938).
3727:. June 22, 2012. Archived from
3407:, 921 F.2d 143 (8th Cir. 1990))
3368:Immigration and Nationality Act
2992:Texas Health and Human Services
2670:. July 19, 2012. Archived from
2238:. June 29, 2005. Archived from
2027:"Marriage: A History of Change"
1551:"American FactFinder – Results"
613:Moore v. City of East Cleveland
429:Marriage as a fundamental right
138:Interjurisdictional recognition
105:Marriages can be terminated by
3790:Journal of Marriage and Family
2157:Wang, Wendy (September 2020).
2056:"November 5–11; Marry at Will"
1087:Marriage between first cousins
183:and Miguel RodrĂguez, a white
1:
4172:Marriage in the United States
1520:. U.S. Census. Archived from
1369:The National Marriage Project
970:Billie Ert and Antonio Molina
22:Marriage in the United States
4086:Journal of Family Psychology
3966:Journal of Family Psychology
3927:Journal of Family Psychology
3854:Eby, Clare Virginia (2014).
3784:Dew, J.; Wilcox, B. (2011).
3597:Chang-Muy, Fernando (2009).
2732:Connecticut General Assembly
2166:Institute for Family Studies
2097:. New York: Viking. p.
1293:Divorce in the United States
893:Full Faith and Credit Clause
244:altered this norm for many.
211:was in many states forbidden
202:anywhere in what is now the
2936:Legal Information Institute
2011:University of South Florida
988:United States Supreme Court
435:United States Supreme Court
4188:
3914:10.1016/j.paid.2010.10.012
3873:Social Indicators Research
3817:Journal of Family Violence
3661:"UNITED STATES v. WINDSOR"
3546:US Department of Justice,
3251:Criminal Law in a nutshell
2855:Tennessee General Assembly
2089:Coontz, Stephanie (2005).
1883:. May 2011. Archived from
1352:
1290:
1100:
949:
902:
824:
789:
353:
238:University of Pennsylvania
115:children will be cared for
4065:10.1515/humr.1989.2.3.217
3885:10.1007/s11205-010-9648-x
3829:10.1007/s10896-010-9355-z
3688:Marriage and cohabitation
3249:Loewy, Arnold H. (1975).
3154:– via casetext.com.
2834:Delaware General Assembly
2804:"Bill History for HB2006"
2273:Current Population Survey
1464:Court of Criminal Appeals
1416:Polygamy in North America
423:General Accounting Office
204:continental United States
94:and/or facilitating full
4036:10.1177/1948550610395781
3496:Elson, Amy (Fall 1997).
2750:Texas Legislature Online
1903:"Civil Union Definition"
1466:. United States Airforce
1332:Relevant types of unions
1097:Marriage and immigration
1044:in 1882. The LDS Church
993:United States v. Windsor
919:California Supreme Court
215:California Supreme Court
4129:The Dallas Morning News
1971:Nazio, Tiziana (2008).
1729:10.1176/ajp.138.10.1352
984:Defense of Marriage Act
910:Anti-miscegenation laws
517:Griswold v. Connecticut
356:Sociology of the family
3284:"Marriage Information"
3133:– via justia.com
2882:Tahirih Justice Center
2788:. 2018. Archived from
2280:. 2006. Archived from
2036:. GLAD. Archived from
1791:Census Bureau (2006).
1555:factfinder2.census.gov
1302:
1131:among immigrants. The
883:prosecution under the
307:
266:
176:
2965:. Alabama Media Group
2581:"Common-Law Marriage"
2556:All Things Considered
2552:National Public Radio
2242:on December 29, 2014.
2005:Francis, J. Michael,
1907:Duhaime.org Learn Law
1832:. Pearson Education.
1769:on September 25, 2012
1561:on February 12, 2020.
1342:Domestic partnerships
1337:Domestic partnerships
1300:
1160:Basic immigration law
1057:Mormon fundamentalist
899:Marriage law and race
831:Eight states and the
565:Boddie v. Connecticut
350:Sociology of marriage
305:
264:
170:
157:jurisdiction shopping
127:Domestic partnerships
3635:"Same-Sex Marriages"
3001:on September 4, 2016
2786:Kentucky Legislature
2606:Lind, Göran (2008).
2587:on November 17, 2013
2394:on November 29, 2011
2214:"America the single"
1549:U.S. Census Bureau.
1527:on October 20, 2011.
1091:District of Columbia
1003:Obergefell v. Hodges
914:interracial marriage
873:District of Columbia
837:common-law marriages
833:District of Columbia
767:Obergefell v. Hodges
606:Fourteenth Amendment
389:Reasons for marriage
76:interracial marriage
3341:on November 2, 2006
3315:on November 2, 2006
3294:on August 18, 2011.
3214:. January 13, 1976.
2808:Arizona Legislature
2792:on August 10, 2018.
2518:"Types of Marriage"
2445:Pew Research Center
2441:"Love and Marriage"
2338:. Hyattsville, MD:
1195:Social Security Act
1103:Green card marriage
821:Common-law marriage
657:Zablocki v. Redhail
441:. These cases are:
411:common-law marriage
3309:"Application form"
2699:The New York Times
2278:U.S. Census Bureau
1913:on January 4, 2012
1581:The New York Times
1303:
1082:Other restrictions
930:Loving v. Virginia
879:for purposes of a
543:Loving v. Virginia
488:Due Process Clause
308:
271:U.S. Census Bureau
267:
221:Loving v. Virginia
200:Christian marriage
177:
84:U.S. Census Bureau
3703:978-0-226-79866-0
3536:on April 5, 2012.
3424:on April 19, 2012
3405:U.S. v. Vickerage
3176:978-0-7876-6367-4
2770:. March 23, 2018.
2619:978-0-19-536681-5
2284:on April 9, 2007.
2108:978-0-14-303667-8
1984:978-0-415-36841-4
1954:978-1-4133-0755-9
1890:on March 6, 2021.
1804:978-0-934213-94-3
1723:(10): 1352–1356.
1680:978-1-4129-6659-7
912:which prohibited
745:Lawrence v. Texas
469:Meyer v. Nebraska
439:fundamental right
361:Types of marriage
283:legally separated
226:ballot initiative
80:same-sex marriage
4179:
4158:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4119:
4109:
4098:10.1037/a0024216
4076:
4047:
4018:
4007:10.1037/a0015762
3989:
3978:10.1037/a0025103
3960:
3950:
3939:10.1037/a0020637
3917:
3896:
3867:
3850:
3840:
3807:
3805:
3780:
3767:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3736:
3721:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3691:
3681:
3675:
3674:
3673:on July 2, 2013.
3672:
3665:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3646:
3631:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3617:
3594:
3551:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3528:
3519:
3510:
3509:
3493:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3479:
3468:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3448:
3440:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3414:
3408:
3402:
3396:
3395:
3393:
3391:
3381:
3372:
3371:
3360:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3320:
3305:
3296:
3295:
3290:. Archived from
3280:
3274:
3273:
3261:
3255:
3254:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3230:uscode.house.gov
3222:
3216:
3215:
3209:
3201:
3195:
3194:
3187:
3181:
3180:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3124:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3071:Virginia Mercury
3062:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3036:
3030:
3029:
3017:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3000:
2994:. Archived from
2989:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2954:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2943:
2938:. April 14, 2008
2922:
2916:
2915:
2901:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2873:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2862:
2847:
2838:
2837:
2830:"House Bill 337"
2826:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2674:on April 2, 2018
2660:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2639:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2577:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2542:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2436:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2303:
2295:
2286:
2285:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2163:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2096:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2073:
2071:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2043:on July 5, 2016.
2042:
2031:
2023:
2014:
2013:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1968:
1959:
1958:
1938:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1909:. Archived from
1898:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1878:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1825:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1788:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1759:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1708:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1687:
1668:
1658:
1645:
1644:
1629:Family Relations
1624:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1572:
1563:
1562:
1557:. Archived from
1546:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1519:
1511:
1491:
1484:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1461:
1452:
1446:
1442:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1318:No-fault divorce
1076:American Muslims
1049:Wilford Woodruff
723:M.L.B. v. S.L.J.
679:Turner v. Safley
415:marriage license
413:and obtaining a
152:conflict of laws
50:ages of majority
4187:
4186:
4182:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4176:
4162:
4161:
4149:
4146:
4133:
4131:
4122:
4079:
4050:
4021:
3992:
3963:
3920:
3899:
3870:
3853:
3810:
3783:
3770:
3753:
3750:
3748:Further reading
3745:
3744:
3734:
3732:
3731:on May 25, 2013
3723:
3722:
3718:
3708:
3706:
3704:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3670:
3663:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3644:
3642:
3641:. April 3, 2014
3633:
3632:
3625:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3596:
3595:
3554:
3545:
3541:
3533:
3526:
3521:
3520:
3513:
3495:
3494:
3487:
3477:
3475:
3470:
3469:
3462:
3452:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3427:
3425:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3403:
3399:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3382:
3375:
3362:
3361:
3354:
3344:
3342:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3318:
3316:
3307:
3306:
3299:
3282:
3281:
3277:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3234:
3232:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3189:
3188:
3184:
3177:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3128:
3126:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3101:
3099:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3075:
3073:
3064:
3063:
3059:
3049:
3047:
3038:
3037:
3033:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3004:
3002:
2998:
2987:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2968:
2966:
2956:
2955:
2951:
2941:
2939:
2924:
2923:
2919:
2911:The Independent
2903:
2902:
2898:
2888:
2886:
2885:. November 2016
2875:
2874:
2870:
2860:
2858:
2849:
2848:
2841:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2813:
2811:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2711:
2709:
2692:
2691:
2687:
2677:
2675:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2647:
2645:
2637:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2620:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2590:
2588:
2579:
2578:
2571:
2561:
2559:
2544:
2543:
2536:
2526:
2524:
2522:Sociology Guide
2516:
2515:
2511:
2501:
2499:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2475:
2473:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2449:
2447:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2423:
2421:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2397:
2395:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2371:
2369:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2310:
2308:
2297:
2296:
2289:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2196:
2194:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2170:
2168:
2161:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2069:
2067:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2040:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2017:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1970:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1940:
1939:
1926:
1916:
1914:
1901:Lloyd Duhaime.
1900:
1899:
1895:
1887:
1876:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1857:
1855:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1827:
1826:
1819:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1790:
1789:
1782:
1772:
1770:
1761:
1760:
1751:
1741:
1739:
1710:
1709:
1698:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1660:
1659:
1648:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1611:
1609:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1585:
1583:
1574:
1573:
1566:
1548:
1547:
1532:
1524:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1494:
1485:
1481:
1469:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1397:
1387:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1373:
1372:
1357:
1351:
1339:
1334:
1295:
1289:
1272:
1260:
1251:
1204:
1174:
1162:
1125:
1105:
1099:
1084:
1034:plural marriage
1012:
958:
950:Main articles:
948:
907:
901:
829:
823:
815:
798:
790:Main articles:
788:
786:Age of marriage
447:Maynard v. Hill
431:
404:
391:
363:
358:
352:
332:college degrees
300:
291:
259:
254:
196:Spanish Florida
165:
140:
28:is set by each
17:
12:
11:
5:
4185:
4183:
4175:
4174:
4164:
4163:
4160:
4159:
4145:
4144:External links
4142:
4141:
4140:
4120:
4092:(4): 531–540.
4077:
4059:(3): 217–223.
4048:
4030:(4): 416–424.
4019:
4001:(2): 153–160.
3990:
3972:(5): 775–780.
3961:
3933:(5): 568–577.
3918:
3908:(3): 339–343.
3897:
3879:(2): 281–287.
3868:
3851:
3823:(2): 151–162.
3808:
3781:
3768:
3749:
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3743:
3742:
3716:
3702:
3676:
3652:
3623:
3609:
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3397:
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3109:
3083:
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2976:
2949:
2917:
2896:
2868:
2839:
2821:
2795:
2773:
2755:
2737:
2719:
2685:
2655:
2644:. pp. 1–2
2625:
2618:
2598:
2569:
2534:
2509:
2483:
2457:
2431:
2405:
2379:
2353:
2318:
2287:
2259:
2245:
2223:
2204:
2178:
2149:
2136:10.2307/346602
2114:
2107:
2081:
2060:New York Times
2046:
2015:
1997:
1983:
1960:
1953:
1924:
1893:
1865:
1843:
1817:
1803:
1780:
1749:
1696:
1679:
1646:
1635:(5): 485–494.
1619:
1593:
1564:
1530:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1479:
1447:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1396:
1393:
1353:Main article:
1350:
1347:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1291:Main article:
1288:
1285:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1203:
1200:
1173:
1170:
1161:
1158:
1129:marriage fraud
1124:
1121:
1101:Main article:
1098:
1095:
1083:
1080:
1011:
1008:
979:Baehr v. Miike
947:
944:
924:Perez v. Sharp
903:Main article:
900:
897:
861:South Carolina
825:Main article:
822:
819:
814:
811:
787:
784:
783:
782:
779:___ (2015)
763:
741:
719:
697:
675:
653:
631:
609:
583:
561:
539:
536:Bill of Rights
513:
491:
465:
430:
427:
403:
400:
390:
387:
369:that would be
362:
359:
354:Main article:
351:
348:
299:
296:
290:
287:
258:
255:
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250:
164:
161:
139:
136:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4184:
4173:
4170:
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4167:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4147:
4143:
4130:
4126:
4121:
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4099:
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4087:
4083:
4078:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4020:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3996:
3991:
3987:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3971:
3967:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3928:
3924:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3852:
3848:
3844:
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3834:
3830:
3826:
3822:
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3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3730:
3726:
3720:
3717:
3705:
3699:
3695:
3690:
3689:
3680:
3677:
3669:
3662:
3656:
3653:
3640:
3636:
3630:
3628:
3624:
3612:
3610:9780826133366
3606:
3602:
3601:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3575:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3567:
3565:
3563:
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3559:
3557:
3553:
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3540:
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3525:
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3507:
3503:
3499:
3492:
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3486:
3474:
3467:
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3439:
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3401:
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3386:
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3353:
3340:
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3330:
3327:
3314:
3310:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3279:
3276:
3271:
3267:
3260:
3257:
3252:
3245:
3242:
3231:
3227:
3221:
3218:
3213:
3206:
3200:
3197:
3192:
3186:
3183:
3178:
3172:
3168:
3161:
3158:
3146:
3140:
3137:
3121:
3120:
3113:
3110:
3097:
3093:
3087:
3084:
3072:
3068:
3061:
3058:
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3042:
3035:
3032:
3027:
3023:
3016:
3013:
3005:September 11,
2997:
2993:
2986:
2980:
2977:
2969:September 11,
2964:
2960:
2953:
2950:
2937:
2933:
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2927:
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2912:
2907:
2900:
2897:
2884:
2883:
2878:
2872:
2869:
2856:
2852:
2846:
2844:
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2835:
2831:
2825:
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2809:
2805:
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2796:
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2769:
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2510:
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2446:
2442:
2435:
2432:
2420:
2419:Money.cnn.com
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2179:
2167:
2160:
2153:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2118:
2115:
2110:
2104:
2100:
2095:
2094:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2050:
2047:
2039:
2035:
2034:Outcast Films
2028:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2001:
1998:
1986:
1980:
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1470:September 11,
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