52:
295:
168:
60:
95:). The McAbee Fossil Beds, comprising 548.23 hectares (1,354.7 acres), were officially designated a Provincial Heritage Site under British Columbia's Heritage Conservation Act on July 19, 2012. The site is part of an old lake bed which was deposited about 52 million years ago and is internationally recognised for the diversity of plant, insect, and fish fossils found there. Similar
248:
and wet, with a mean annual temperature about 11 °C (52 °F), winters lacking frost (coldest month mean temperature ~5 °C), and annual precipitation over 1,000 mm (39 in) a year with little or no seasonality of precipitation. The extraordinary detail preserved in the insect
2922:. Significant collections of fossils from the McAbee Fossil Beds were in private ownership and fossils from the McAbee Fossil Beds are listed for sale on the internet. In August 2018 a substantial private collection of fossils from McAbee was donated to the Royal British Columbia Museum.
1092:
found in the McAbee Fossil Beds based on information in
Archibald, Bossert, Greenwood, and Farrell (2010), Archibald, Mathewes, and Greenwood (2013), Archibald, Rasnitsyn and Akhmetiev (2005) and other sources cited in the list below, with extinct taxa denoted with a †.
3256:
Lowe, A. J.; Greenwood, D. R.; West, C. K.; Galloway, J. M.; Sudermann, M.; Reichgelt, T. (2018). "Plant community ecology and climate on an upland volcanic landscape during the Early Eocene
Climatic Optimum: McAbee Fossil Beds, British Columbia, Canada".
4058:
Pigg, K.B.; Dillhoff, R.M.; DeVore, M.L.; Wehr, W.C. (2007). "New diversity among the
Trochodendraceae from the Early/Middle Eocene Okanogan Highlands of British Columbia, Canada, and Northeastern Washington State, United States".
3459:
Hilton, E.J.; Grande, L. (2008). "Fossil
Mooneyes (Teleostei: Hiodontiformes, Hiodontidae) from the Eocene of western North America, with a reassessment of their taxonomy" in "Birth of the modern world: the Tertiary".
139:
are also Eocene, but primarily preserve an aquatic plant community. A 2016 review of the early Eocene fossil sites from the interior of
British Columbia discusses the history of paleobotanical research at McAbee, the
3654:
1069:) was described from the McAbee Fossil Beds. The very high diversity of fossil insects in the McAbee fossil beds is comparable to that of modern-day tropical forest areas. Additionally, fossil palm beetles (
3609:
3987:
207:. Significant research on the fossil plants and insects has only occurred since the late 1980s. The McAbee Fossil Beds are best known for the abundant and well-preserved insect and fish fossils (
4127:
Makarkin, V.N.; Archibald, S.B. (2013). "A diverse new assemblage of green lacewings (Insecta, Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) from the early Eocene
Okanagan Highlands, western North America".
3567:
Moss, PT; Greenwood, DR; Archibald, SB (2005). "Regional and local vegetation community dynamics of the Eocene
Okanagan Highlands (British Columbia - Washington State) from palynology".
4478:
4364:
Archibald, S.B.; Rasnitsyn, A.P. (2015). "New early Eocene
Siricomorpha (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Pamphiliidae, Siricidae, Cephidae) from the Okanagan Highlands, western North America".
4162:
Archibald, SB; Bradler, S (2015). "Stem-group stick insects (Phasmatodea) in the early Eocene at McAbee, British
Columbia, Canada, and Republic, Washington, United States of America".
4230:
Archibald, S.B.; Greenwood, D.R.; Mathewes, R.W. (2013). "Seasonality, montane beta diversity, and Eocene insects: Testing Janzen's dispersal hypothesis in an equable world".
3326:
Douglas, S.D.; Stockey, R.A. (1996). "Insect fossils in Middle Eocene deposits from
British Columbia and Washington State: faunal diversity and geological range extensions".
3495:
Dillhoff, R.M.; Dillhoff, T.A.; Greenwood, D.R.; DeVore, M.L.; Pigg, K.B. (2013). "The Eocene Thomas Ranch flora, Allenby Formation, Princeton, British Columbia, Canada".
3522:
Gushulak, C.A.; West, C.K.; Greenwood, D.R. (2016). "Paleoclimate and precipitation seasonality of the Early Eocene McAbee megaflora, Kamloops Group, British Columbia".
2966:
203:. Thomas Ewing provided a detailed analysis of the geology of the Kamloops Group, including the McAbee beds. More recently, Lowe et al. have assessed in detail the site
2925:
The cessation of fossil collecting at the McAbee Fossil Beds through heritage listing is consistent with British Columbia's Fossil Management Framework which seeks to:
4449:
4483:
3396:"Fossil biotas from the Okanagan Highlands, southern British Columbia and northeastern Washington State: climates and ecosystems across an Eocene landscape"
4523:
2899:
360:
found in the McAbee fossil beds based on the list found in Dillhoff, Leopold & Manchester (2005) and Wilson (2009) with extinct taxa denoted with a †.
4513:
4533:
3817:
leaves and fruits from the Early-Middle Eocene of northwestern North America: systematics and implications for character evolution within Ulmaceae".
3110:
4528:
3060:"A review of paleobotanical studies of the Early Eocene Okanagan (Okanogan) Highlands floras of British Columbia, Canada and Washington, USA"
2879:
305:
2995:
3846:"The McAbee flora of British Columbia and its relations to the Early-Middle Eocene Okanagan Highlands flora of the Pacific Northwest"
187:. Palaeontological and geological studies of the McAbee Fossil Beds first commenced in the 1960s and early 1970s by Len Hills of the
104:
4503:
4488:
2970:
21:
3438:"Great Canadian Lagerstätten 1. Early Eocene Lagerstätten of the Okanagan Highlands (British Columbia and Washington State)"
3130:
4518:
3221:
Ewing, T.E. (1981). "Regional stratigraphy and structural setting of the Kamloops Group, south-central British Columbia".
176:
149:
124:
84:
76:
4199:"New Eocene crayfish from the McAbee Beds in British Columbia: First record of Parastacoidea in the Northern Hemisphere"
249:
fossils, as well as the high diversity of insects, plants and other organisms means the McAbee Fossil Beds represent a
159:, who have title on the lands. The site is currently closed to the public while interpretive components are installed.
4027:"Morphology, anatomy, phylogenetics and distribution of fossil and extant Trochodendraceae in the Northern Hemisphere"
3150:
2287:
229:
from the McAbee Fossil Beds and other Eocene sites in British Columbia is now considered to belong to the present-day
3685:(Sapindaceae) from the Tertiary of North America and implications for the phytogeographic history of the Aceroideae"
4416:"Bulldog Ants of the Eocene Okanagan Highlands and History of the Subfamily (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmeciinae)"
4096:"Bulldog Ants of the Eocene Okanagan Highlands and History of the Subfamily (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmeciinae)"
2907:
108:
92:
4508:
2891:
120:
4346:
4325:
3377:
3184:
Hills, L.V.; Baadsgaard, H. (1967). "Potassium-argon dating of some Lower Tertiary strata in British Columbia".
312:
Fossils of plant leaves, shoots, seeds, flowers and cones are abundant and well preserved, and include up to 76
950:
924:
4498:
4435:
4112:
4095:
3747:(Betulaceae) from the Middle Eocene Klondike Mountain and Allenby Formations of Northwestern North America".
2990:
1055:
3031:
Cevallos-Ferriz, SRS; Stockey, RA; Pigg, KB (1991). "Princeton chert: evidence for in situ aquatic plants".
2740:
2649:
2578:
1065:
930:
4460:
4493:
3615:
2544:
1016:
294:
156:
51:
3356:
Greenwood, D.R.; Wing, S.L. (1995). "Eocene continental climates and latitudinal temperature gradients".
2398:
257:
200:
188:
167:
59:
3786:(Fagaceae) fruits, foliage, and pollen from the Middle Eocene of Pacific Northwestern North America".
4278:
4239:
3890:, sp. nov., from the Middle Eocene Klondike Mountain Formation, Republic, Ferry County, Washington".
3860:
3576:
3531:
3407:
3365:
3266:
3230:
3071:
2887:
2474:
1471:
936:
765:
742:
184:
88:
3845:
568:
328:
1541:
968:
349:
1506:
791:
4381:
4179:
4144:
4076:
4007:
3965:
3926:
3764:
3706:
3632:
3477:
3282:
2915:
2510:
2436:
1434:
1041:
942:
718:
695:
318:
300:
272:
128:
4306:
3714:
2946:
clarify the rights and obligations of the public, business, government and other stakeholders.
2012:
1288:
1175:
773:
583:
245:
204:
3437:
592:
4430:
4373:
4341:
4296:
4286:
4267:"Fossil palm beetles refine upland winter temperatures in the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum"
4247:
4210:
4171:
4136:
4107:
4068:
4038:
3999:
3957:
3948:, a new juglandaceous winged fruit from the Eocene and Oligocene of Western North America".
3918:
3868:
3826:
3795:
3756:
3696:
3624:
3584:
3547:
3539:
3504:
3469:
3415:
3373:
3335:
3274:
3238:
3148:
Dawson, G. M. (1877). "Report on explorations in the southern portion of British Columbia".
3089:
3079:
3040:
1687:
1085:
915:
648:
343:
145:
136:
112:
80:
3395:
2875:
2706:
2690:
2072:
1660:
1444:
1081:
663:
427:
141:
132:
3988:"Newly recognized diversity in Trochodendraceae from the Eocene of western North America"
4326:"The ecology and distribution of Cenozoic Eomeropidae (Mecoptera), and a new species of
4282:
4243:
3864:
3580:
3535:
3411:
3369:
3309:
Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. Series 4, Geology and Mineralogy
3270:
3234:
3075:
4415:
4301:
4266:
2792:
2122:
1902:
1246:
1235:
1036:
The fossil insects are particularly diverse and well preserved, and include an extinct
1007:
686:
624:
607:
598:
250:
116:
96:
3436:
Archibald, S.B.; Greenwood, D.R.; Smith, R.Y.; Mathewes, R.W.; Basinger, J.F. (2012).
4472:
4148:
3481:
3286:
3044:
2940:
raise internal and external awareness of the framework and the importance of fossils;
2858:
2847:
2679:
2174:
1979:
1770:
1730:
1703:
1313:
1120:
456:
409:
209:
4385:
4183:
4080:
4011:
3930:
3768:
316:
of plants. Fossil plants described from the fossil beds include rare fruits such as
1824:
1714:
1676:
1576:
1565:
1380:
1369:
900:
878:
415:
401:
378:
283:
103:, also known for their well preserved plant, insect and fish fossils, are found at
72:
4251:
4043:
4026:
3278:
2943:
build knowledge of the nature and extent of the resource in British Columbia; and
3111:"Fossil bed reopens under new Indigenous management in B.C.'s southern Interior"
3012:
Wilson, M.V.H. (1977). "Middle Eocene freshwater fishes from British Columbia".
2903:
2839:
2612:
2487:
2449:
2411:
2246:
2235:
2222:
2211:
2158:
2056:
2003:
1936:
1786:
1649:
1532:
1497:
1462:
1425:
1407:
1396:
1217:
1187:
1158:
1060:
1050:
1037:
870:
820:
797:
782:
527:
497:
448:
421:
334:
261:
196:
3986:
Manchester, S.; Pigg, K. B.; KvaÄŤek, Z; DeVore, M. L.; Dillhoff, R. M. (2018).
3205:
Paleobotany of the Tertiary (early Middle Eocene) McAbee Beds, British Columbia
2883:
2663:
2626:
2465:
2427:
2389:
2339:
2314:
2253:
2097:
2038:
1911:
1869:
1813:
1759:
1614:
1525:
1490:
1455:
1418:
1281:
1257:
1205:
1046:
894:
847:
757:
548:
323:
322:, a genus of trees now endemic to China, extinct members of the birch family (
192:
36:
23:
4291:
3303:
Wolfe, J.A.; Tanai, T. (1987). "Systematics, Phylogeny, and Distribution of
2767:
2731:
2364:
2199:
2147:
1806:
1632:
1621:
1603:
1592:
1342:
1335:
1198:
1146:
1074:
1070:
826:
733:
710:
616:
386:
100:
4310:
3718:
3543:
3155:. Vol. 1875–1876. Montreal, Quebec: Dawson Brothers. pp. 233–265.
3084:
3059:
441:
cypress, Chinese fir, dawn redwood, California redwood, red or white cedar
4330:
Cockerell from the Early Eocene McAbee locality, British Columbia, Canada"
3508:
3115:
2919:
2911:
2817:
2278:
1970:
1945:
1324:
1228:
983:
960:
884:
812:
639:
518:
471:
180:
4377:
3905:
LePage, B.A.; Basinger, J.F. (1995). "Evolutionary history of the genus
3636:
3610:"Seasonality, the latitudinal gradient of diversity, and Eocene insects"
4175:
3969:
3710:
3607:
Archibald, S.B.; Bossert, W.H.; Greenwood, D.R.; Farrell, B.D. (2010).
2828:
2046:
2031:
1877:
1741:
1270:
1139:
855:
533:
230:
221:
4215:
4198:
4140:
3552:
3168:
Palynology and age of early Tertiary basins, interior British Columbia
3094:
1095:
277:
3473:
3394:
Greenwood, D.R.; Archibald, S.B.; Mathewes, R.W.; Moss, P.T. (2005).
2895:
1353:
1089:
832:
562:
357:
313:
237:
215:
4265:
Archibald, S.B.; Morse, G.; Greenwood, D.R.; Mathewes, R.W. (2014).
3961:
3872:
3830:
3799:
3701:
3680:
3628:
3588:
3419:
3339:
3242:
266:
4072:
4003:
3922:
3760:
3058:
Greenwood, D.R.; Pigg, K.B.; Basinger, J.F.; DeVore, M.L. (2016).
991:
671:
556:
503:
491:
485:
479:
433:
339:
293:
233:
166:
58:
50:
1073:) were detailed from the beds, confirming the presence of palms (
3170:(Ph.D.). Edmonton, Alberta: University of Alberta. p. 189.
3892:
Burke Museum Contributions in Anthropology and Natural History
2931:
clarify the rules governing the management and use of fossils;
271:; however, a 2005 paper provided a radiometric date using the
244:
The climate of the McAbee Eocene lake was reconstructed to be
3207:(M.Sc). Calgary, Alberta: University of Calgary. p. 128.
256:
A volcanic ash exposed in the lake shale beds was originally
175:
Fossil plants from the same area as the McAbee fossil beds (
4347:
10.1603/0013-8746(2005)098[0503:EADOCE]2.0.CO;2
3378:
10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<1044:eccalt>2.3.co;2
3179:
3177:
4324:
Archibald, S.B.; Rasnitsyn, A.P.; Akhmetiev, M.A. (2005).
195:(spores and pollen) and leaf fossils, and research on the
4436:
10.1603/0013-8746(2006)99[487:BAOTEO]2.0.CO;2
4113:
10.1603/0013-8746(2006)99[487:BAOTEO]2.0.CO;2
3844:
Dillhoff, R.M.; Leopold, E.B.; Manchester, S.R. (2005).
2937:
provide for the stewardship of significant fossil sites;
282:, with both dates placing the McAbee fossil beds in the
4414:
Archibald, S.B.; Cover, S. P.; Moreau, C. S. (2006).
4094:
Archibald, S.B.; Cover, S. P.; Moreau, C. S. (2006).
4197:
Feldmann, R.A.; Schweitzer, C.E.; Leahy, J. (2011).
3307:(maples) in the Cenozoic of Western North America".
2906:; as well as in university collections, principally
908:
maples, buckeyes/horse chestnuts, golden rain trees
83:, Canada, just north of and visible from Provincial
4025:Manchester, S. R.; KvaÄŤek, Z.; Judd, W. S. (2020).
155:The McAbee site is now under the management of the
4461:Fossil Management Framework (accessed May 4, 2015)
4409:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4399:
4397:
4395:
3735:Pigg, K.B.; Manchester, S.R.; Wehr, W.C. (2003). "
3608:
4359:
4357:
4232:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
3259:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
3014:Life Sciences Contributions, Royal Ontario Museum
2967:"McAbee fossil site receives heritage protection"
3462:Geological Society, London, Special Publications
3431:
3429:
3389:
3387:
3351:
3349:
2934:manage impacts on fossils from other activities;
1077:) in the local environment in the early Eocene.
4479:Cenozoic paleontological sites of North America
4271:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
3981:
3979:
3602:
3600:
3598:
4423:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
4334:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
4100:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
16:Fossil bed in the Interior of British Columbia
280: ± 0.83 million years ago
148:, and related Eocene fossil sites such as at
8:
3298:
3296:
3216:
3214:
3007:
3005:
1063:). A species of fossil freshwater crayfish (
3730:
3728:
2900:Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture
199:from the fossil beds by Mark Wilson of the
55:McAbee Fossil Beds viewed from the Highway.
3782:Manchester, S.R.; Dillhoff, R.M. (2004). "
1080:Below is an incomplete list of the insect
308:collection. Collected by L. Hills in 1983.
4434:
4345:
4300:
4290:
4214:
4111:
4042:
3700:
3551:
3093:
3083:
2874:Collections of fossils are housed in the
511:fir, spruce, pine, golden larch, hemlock
356:Below is an incomplete list of the plant
4031:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
3679:McClain, A.M.; Manchester, S.R. (2001).
3660:(Report). Government of British Columbia
362:
275:method places the McAbee Fossil Beds at
4061:International Journal of Plant Sciences
3992:International Journal of Plant Sciences
3911:International Journal of Plant Sciences
3749:International Journal of Plant Sciences
2958:
3648:
3646:
3186:Canadian Petroleum Geologists Bulletin
3033:Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
2880:Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology
2657:Archibald, Cover, & Moreau, 2006
2620:Archibald, Cover, & Moreau, 2006
2586:Archibald, Cover, & Moreau, 2006
2552:Archibald, Cover, & Moreau, 2006
2518:Archibald, Cover, & Moreau, 2006
2482:Archibald, Cover, & Moreau, 2006
2444:Archibald, Cover, & Moreau, 2006
2406:Archibald, Cover, & Moreau, 2006
805:extinct sycamore/plane tree relative
306:Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology
7:
2996:Canadian Register of Historic Places
541:catkin yew, nutmeg yew or 'torreya'
123:in central British Columbia, and at
71:is a Heritage Site that protects an
4484:Natural history of British Columbia
3653:Wilson, M.V.H. (October 24, 2008).
4524:Heritage sites in British Columbia
3853:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
3813:Denk, T.; Dillhoff, R.M. (2005). "
3569:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
3524:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
3400:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
3223:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
3131:"McAbee Fossil Beds Heritage Site"
3064:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
953:, extinct trochodendron relatives
183:B.C.) were first reported by G.M.
14:
4514:Thompson-Nicola Regional District
3109:Wilson, Deborah (June 21, 2019).
2870:Collections and collecting status
1024:Flower of uncertain affliliation
4534:Paleontology in British Columbia
3886:Schorn, H.; Wehr, W.C. (1986). "
2991:McAbee Fossil Beds Heritage Site
2748:Archibald & Rasnitsyn, 2015
2295:Archibald & Rasnitsyn, 2015
105:Driftwood Canyon Provincial Park
1045:, a species of green lacewing (
840:serviceberry, hawthorn, cherry
576:alder, birch, extinct hornbeam
191:and his students on the fossil
1:
4450:Royal British Columbia Museum
4203:Journal of Crustacean Biology
3655:McAbee Fossil Site Assessment
3203:Verschoor, K. van R. (1974).
2999:. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
703:extinct witch hazel relative
304:from the McAbee Fossil Beds.
4529:Eocene paleontological sites
4252:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.10.043
3279:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.09.010
3135:Province of British Columbia
3045:10.1016/0034-6667(91)90085-H
1032:Insects and other arthropods
338:), fruits and leaves of the
3328:Canadian Journal of Zoology
3151:Geological Survey of Canada
2288:Cuspilongus cachecreekensis
171:Indeterminate bird skeleton
4550:
4044:10.1093/botlinnean/boaa046
3944:Manchester, S.R. (1991). "
3819:Canadian Journal of Botany
3788:Canadian Journal of Botany
3689:American Journal of Botany
2908:Thompson Rivers University
4366:The Canadian Entomologist
4164:The Canadian Entomologist
2892:Canadian Museum of Nature
163:Palaeontology and geology
3153:, Report of Progress for
2083:long-bodied crane flies
1797:tumbling flower beetles
925:Paraconcavistylon wehrii
750:extinct mallow relative
464:ginkgo, maidenhair tree
135:fossil beds in southern
75:fossil locality east of
37:50.797183°N 121.141150°W
4292:10.1073/pnas.1323269111
4129:Journal of Paleontology
2878:in Victoria, B.C.; the
2741:Ypresiosirex orthosemos
2650:Myrmeciites herculeanus
2579:Ypresiomyrma orbiculata
1887:panorpid scorpionflies
1066:Aenigmastacus crandalli
1056:Archaeochrysa profracta
931:Trochodendron drachukii
269: million years ago
4504:Paleontology in Canada
4489:Fossil parks in Canada
3544:10.1139/cjes-2015-0160
3085:10.1139/cjes-2015-0177
2613:Myrmeciites(?) goliath
2545:Ypresiomyrma bartletti
2022:eomeropid mecopterans
1059:), and stick insects (
309:
251:Konservat-Lagerstätten
172:
157:Bonaparte First Nation
64:
56:
42:50.797183; -121.141150
3509:10.1139/cjb-2012-0313
2399:Avitomyrmex elongatus
2108:limoniid crane flies
297:
258:radiometrically dated
201:University of Alberta
189:University of Calgary
170:
131:, United States. The
62:
54:
4519:2012 in paleontology
3909:Gordon (Pinaceae)".
3166:Hills, L.V. (1965).
2888:Royal Ontario Museum
2475:Avitomyrmex systenus
1102:Super family/family
1084:, superfamilies and
1017:Dillhoffia cashensis
937:Trochodendron nastae
863:cottonwoods/poplars
766:Comptonia columbiana
89:Trans-Canada Highway
63:Heritage status sign
4378:10.4039/tce.2015.55
4283:2014PNAS..111.8095A
4244:2013PPP...371....1A
3865:2005CaJES..42..151D
3581:2005CaJES..42..187M
3536:2016CaJES..53..591G
3412:2005CaJES..42..167G
3370:1995Geo....23.1044G
3271:2018PPP...511..433L
3235:1981CaJES..18.1464E
3076:2016CaJES..53..548G
2803:tenthredinid wasps
2717:proctotrupid wasps
2185:winter crane flies
1688:long horned beetles
1633:reticulated beetles
969:Ulmus okanaganensis
679:currant/gooseberry
350:Ulmus okanaganensis
33: /
4176:10.4039/tce.2015.2
2916:Brandon University
2511:Macabeemyrma ovata
2437:Avitomyrmex mastax
1840:†Cimbrophlebiidae
1247:harvester termites
1042:Macabeemyrma ovata
719:Sassafras hesperia
696:Langeria magnifica
319:Dipteronia brownii
310:
301:Sassafras hesperia
173:
69:McAbee Fossil Beds
65:
57:
4277:(22): 8095–8100.
4216:10.1651/10-3399.1
4141:10.1666/12-052R.1
3950:Systematic Botany
3825:(12): 1663–1681.
3794:(10): 1509–1517.
3442:Geoscience Canada
3364:(11): 1044–1048.
2867:
2866:
1604:osmylid lacewings
1289:Prophalangopsidae
1176:Megapodagrionidae
1029:
1028:
584:Cercidiphyllaceae
369:genus or species
205:lithostratigraphy
4541:
4509:Thompson Country
4463:
4458:
4452:
4447:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4420:
4411:
4390:
4389:
4361:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4321:
4315:
4314:
4304:
4294:
4262:
4256:
4255:
4227:
4221:
4220:
4218:
4194:
4188:
4187:
4159:
4153:
4152:
4124:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4091:
4085:
4084:
4055:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4022:
4016:
4015:
3983:
3974:
3973:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3883:
3877:
3876:
3850:
3841:
3835:
3834:
3810:
3804:
3803:
3779:
3773:
3772:
3732:
3723:
3722:
3704:
3695:(7): 1316–1325.
3676:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3659:
3650:
3641:
3640:
3612:
3604:
3593:
3592:
3564:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3492:
3486:
3485:
3474:10.1144/SP295.13
3456:
3450:
3449:
3433:
3424:
3423:
3391:
3382:
3381:
3353:
3344:
3343:
3334:(6): 1140–1157.
3323:
3317:
3316:
3300:
3291:
3290:
3253:
3247:
3246:
3229:(9): 1464–1477.
3218:
3209:
3208:
3200:
3194:
3193:
3181:
3172:
3171:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3145:
3139:
3138:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3106:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3087:
3055:
3049:
3048:
3039:(1–2): 173–185.
3028:
3022:
3021:
3009:
3000:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2969:. Archived from
2963:
1744:, snout beetles
1551:Green lacewings
1516:Green lacewings
1481:Green lacewings
1099:Arthropod order
1096:
916:Trochodendraceae
649:Fagus langevinii
394:Scouring rushes
363:
344:Fagus langevinii
281:
270:
146:Driftwood Canyon
137:British Columbia
113:British Columbia
81:British Columbia
48:
47:
45:
44:
43:
38:
34:
31:
30:
29:
26:
4549:
4548:
4544:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4538:
4469:
4468:
4467:
4466:
4459:
4455:
4448:
4444:
4418:
4413:
4412:
4393:
4363:
4362:
4355:
4323:
4322:
4318:
4264:
4263:
4259:
4229:
4228:
4224:
4196:
4195:
4191:
4161:
4160:
4156:
4126:
4125:
4121:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4057:
4056:
4052:
4024:
4023:
4019:
3985:
3984:
3977:
3962:10.2307/2418873
3943:
3942:
3938:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3885:
3884:
3880:
3873:10.1139/e04-084
3848:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3831:10.1139/b05-122
3812:
3811:
3807:
3800:10.1139/b04-112
3781:
3780:
3776:
3734:
3733:
3726:
3702:10.2307/3558343
3678:
3677:
3673:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3652:
3651:
3644:
3629:10.1666/09021.1
3606:
3605:
3596:
3589:10.1139/E04-095
3566:
3565:
3561:
3521:
3520:
3516:
3494:
3493:
3489:
3458:
3457:
3453:
3435:
3434:
3427:
3420:10.1139/E04-100
3393:
3392:
3385:
3355:
3354:
3347:
3340:10.1139/z96-126
3325:
3324:
3320:
3302:
3301:
3294:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3243:10.1139/e81-137
3220:
3219:
3212:
3202:
3201:
3197:
3183:
3182:
3175:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3108:
3107:
3103:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3011:
3010:
3003:
2989:
2985:
2976:
2974:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2955:
2876:Royal BC Museum
2872:
2753:horntail wasps
2691:ichneumon wasps
2350:diapriid wasps
2325:cimbicid wasps
2264:braconid wasps
2073:Cylindrotomidae
1989:extinct family
1955:extinct family
1921:extinct family
1661:soldier beetles
1577:brown lacewings
1472:Okanaganochrysa
1445:Green lacewings
1034:
664:Grossulariaceae
298:Fossil leaf of
292:
276:
265:
165:
142:Princeton Chert
133:Princeton Chert
99:in Eocene lake
41:
39:
35:
32:
27:
24:
22:
20:
19:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4547:
4545:
4537:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4471:
4470:
4465:
4464:
4453:
4442:
4429:(3): 487–523.
4391:
4372:(2): 209–228.
4353:
4340:(4): 503–514.
4316:
4257:
4222:
4209:(2): 320–331.
4189:
4170:(6): 744–753.
4154:
4119:
4106:(3): 487–523.
4086:
4073:10.1086/512104
4067:(4): 521–532.
4050:
4037:(3): 467–484.
4017:
4004:10.1086/699282
3998:(8): 663–676.
3975:
3956:(4): 715–725.
3936:
3923:10.1086/297313
3917:(6): 910–950.
3897:
3878:
3859:(2): 151–166.
3836:
3805:
3774:
3761:10.1086/376816
3755:(5): 807–822.
3745:Palaeocarpinus
3724:
3671:
3642:
3623:(3): 374–398.
3594:
3575:(2): 187–204.
3559:
3530:(6): 591–604.
3514:
3503:(8): 514–529.
3487:
3451:
3425:
3406:(2): 167–185.
3383:
3345:
3318:
3292:
3248:
3210:
3195:
3173:
3158:
3140:
3122:
3101:
3070:(6): 548–564.
3050:
3023:
3001:
2983:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2843:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2814:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2793:Tenthredinidae
2789:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:Sphecid wasps
2775:
2773:
2771:
2764:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2735:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2707:Proctotrupidae
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2659:
2654:
2644:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2622:
2617:
2607:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2573:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2539:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2505:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2484:
2479:
2469:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2446:
2441:
2431:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2408:
2403:
2393:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2375:figitid wasps
2372:
2370:
2368:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2282:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2250:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2210:flower flies,
2207:
2205:
2203:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2123:Mycetophilidae
2119:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2053:
2051:
2042:
2035:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2007:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1986:
1984:
1974:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1952:
1950:
1940:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1918:
1916:
1906:
1903:Dinopanorpidae
1898:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1884:
1882:
1873:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1855:extinct group
1852:
1850:
1842:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1810:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1618:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1548:
1546:
1536:
1529:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1513:
1511:
1501:
1494:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1478:
1476:
1466:
1459:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1441:
1439:
1429:
1422:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1339:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1285:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1236:Hodotermitidae
1232:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1202:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1143:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1105:Genus/Species
1103:
1100:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1012:
1008:incertae sedis
1002:
1001:
996:
987:
979:
978:
973:
964:
956:
955:
947:
919:
911:
910:
905:
874:
866:
865:
860:
851:
843:
842:
837:
816:
808:
807:
802:
786:
778:
777:
770:
761:
753:
752:
747:
737:
729:
728:
723:
714:
706:
705:
700:
690:
687:Hamamelidaceae
682:
681:
676:
667:
659:
658:
653:
643:
635:
634:
629:
620:
612:
611:
603:
599:Cercidiphyllum
587:
579:
578:
573:
569:Palaeocarpinus
552:
544:
543:
538:
522:
514:
513:
508:
475:
467:
466:
461:
452:
444:
443:
438:
405:
397:
396:
391:
382:
374:
373:
370:
367:
329:Palaeocarpinus
291:
288:
227:Eohiodon rosei
164:
161:
117:Horsefly River
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4546:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4494:Eocene plants
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4462:
4457:
4454:
4451:
4446:
4443:
4437:
4432:
4428:
4424:
4417:
4410:
4408:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4387:
4383:
4379:
4375:
4371:
4367:
4360:
4358:
4354:
4348:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4329:
4320:
4317:
4312:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4261:
4258:
4253:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4226:
4223:
4217:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4193:
4190:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4158:
4155:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4123:
4120:
4114:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4090:
4087:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4054:
4051:
4045:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4021:
4018:
4013:
4009:
4005:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3989:
3982:
3980:
3976:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3940:
3937:
3932:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3901:
3898:
3893:
3889:
3888:Abies milleri
3882:
3879:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3837:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3809:
3806:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3785:
3778:
3775:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3731:
3729:
3725:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3684:
3675:
3672:
3656:
3649:
3647:
3643:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3617:
3611:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3595:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3563:
3560:
3554:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3518:
3515:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3491:
3488:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3455:
3452:
3448:(4): 155–164.
3447:
3443:
3439:
3432:
3430:
3426:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3359:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3322:
3319:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3252:
3249:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3206:
3199:
3196:
3191:
3187:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3169:
3162:
3159:
3154:
3152:
3144:
3141:
3136:
3132:
3126:
3123:
3118:
3117:
3112:
3105:
3102:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3054:
3051:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3027:
3024:
3019:
3015:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2984:
2973:on 2013-03-12
2972:
2968:
2962:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2886:Alberta; the
2885:
2881:
2877:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2859:stick insects
2856:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2848:Susumanioidea
2844:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2680:Ichneumonidae
2677:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2651:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2591:bulldog ants
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2557:bulldog ants
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2546:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2523:bulldog ants
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2512:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2394:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2175:Trichoceridae
2172:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2133:fungus gnats
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2008:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1847:Cimbrophlebia
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1772:
1771:click beetles
1768:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1731:Curculionidae
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1704:Chrysomelidae
1701:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1542:Archaeochrysa
1537:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1473:
1467:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1314:Tettigoniidae
1311:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1122:
1121:Ephemeroptera
1118:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1004:
1003:
1000:
997:
995:
994:
993:
988:
986:
985:
981:
980:
977:
974:
972:
971:
970:
965:
963:
962:
958:
957:
954:
952:
948:
946:
945:
944:
939:
938:
933:
932:
927:
926:
920:
918:
917:
913:
912:
909:
906:
904:
903:
902:
897:
896:
891:
887:
886:
881:
880:
875:
873:
872:
868:
867:
864:
861:
859:
858:
857:
852:
850:
849:
845:
844:
841:
838:
836:
835:
834:
829:
828:
823:
822:
817:
815:
814:
810:
809:
806:
803:
801:
800:
799:
794:
793:
787:
785:
784:
780:
779:
776:
775:
771:
769:
768:
767:
762:
760:
759:
755:
754:
751:
748:
746:
745:
744:
738:
736:
735:
731:
730:
727:
724:
722:
721:
720:
715:
713:
712:
708:
707:
704:
701:
699:
698:
697:
691:
689:
688:
684:
683:
680:
677:
675:
674:
673:
668:
666:
665:
661:
660:
657:
654:
652:
651:
650:
644:
642:
641:
637:
636:
633:
630:
628:
627:
626:
621:
619:
618:
614:
613:
610:
609:
604:
602:
601:
600:
595:
594:
588:
586:
585:
581:
580:
577:
574:
572:
571:
570:
565:
564:
559:
558:
553:
551:
550:
546:
545:
542:
539:
537:
536:
535:
530:
529:
523:
521:
520:
516:
515:
512:
509:
507:
506:
505:
500:
499:
494:
493:
488:
487:
482:
481:
476:
474:
473:
469:
468:
465:
462:
460:
459:
458:
457:Ginkgo biloba
453:
451:
450:
446:
445:
442:
439:
437:
436:
435:
430:
429:
424:
423:
418:
417:
412:
411:
410:Chamaecyparis
406:
404:
403:
399:
398:
395:
392:
390:
389:
388:
383:
381:
380:
376:
375:
371:
368:
366:plant family
365:
364:
361:
359:
354:
352:
351:
346:
345:
341:
337:
336:
331:
330:
325:
321:
320:
315:
307:
303:
302:
296:
289:
287:
285:
279:
274:
268:
263:
259:
254:
252:
247:
242:
240:
239:
235:
232:
228:
224:
223:
218:
217:
212:
211:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
169:
162:
160:
158:
153:
151:
147:
143:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
61:
53:
49:
46:
4499:Lagerstätten
4456:
4445:
4426:
4422:
4369:
4365:
4337:
4333:
4327:
4319:
4274:
4270:
4260:
4235:
4231:
4225:
4206:
4202:
4192:
4167:
4163:
4157:
4132:
4128:
4122:
4103:
4099:
4089:
4064:
4060:
4053:
4034:
4030:
4020:
3995:
3991:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3939:
3914:
3910:
3906:
3900:
3891:
3887:
3881:
3856:
3852:
3839:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3808:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3777:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3692:
3688:
3682:
3674:
3662:. Retrieved
3620:
3616:Paleobiology
3614:
3572:
3568:
3562:
3527:
3523:
3517:
3500:
3496:
3490:
3465:
3461:
3454:
3445:
3441:
3403:
3399:
3361:
3357:
3331:
3327:
3321:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3262:
3258:
3251:
3226:
3222:
3204:
3198:
3189:
3185:
3167:
3161:
3149:
3143:
3134:
3125:
3114:
3104:
3067:
3063:
3053:
3036:
3032:
3026:
3017:
3013:
2994:
2986:
2975:. Retrieved
2971:the original
2961:
2924:
2914:, B.C.; and
2873:
2857:
2845:
2838:
2827:
2816:
2812:Hymenoptera
2811:
2802:
2791:
2787:Hymenoptera
2786:
2777:
2766:
2762:Hymenoptera
2761:
2752:
2747:
2739:
2737:
2730:
2726:Hymenoptera
2725:
2716:
2705:
2701:Hymenoptera
2700:
2689:
2678:
2674:Hymenoptera
2673:
2662:bulldog ant
2661:
2656:
2648:
2646:
2641:
2637:Hymenoptera
2636:
2625:bulldog ant
2624:
2619:
2611:
2609:
2604:
2600:Hymenoptera
2599:
2590:
2585:
2577:
2575:
2570:
2566:Hymenoptera
2565:
2556:
2551:
2543:
2541:
2536:
2532:Hymenoptera
2531:
2522:
2517:
2509:
2507:
2502:
2498:Hymenoptera
2497:
2488:bulldog ants
2486:
2481:
2473:
2471:
2464:
2460:Hymenoptera
2459:
2450:bulldog ants
2448:
2443:
2435:
2433:
2426:
2422:Hymenoptera
2421:
2412:bulldog ants
2410:
2405:
2397:
2395:
2388:
2384:Hymenoptera
2383:
2374:
2363:
2359:Hymenoptera
2358:
2349:
2338:
2334:Hymenoptera
2333:
2324:
2313:
2309:Hymenoptera
2308:
2299:
2294:
2286:
2284:
2277:
2273:Hymenoptera
2272:
2263:
2252:
2245:
2234:
2221:
2209:
2198:
2193:
2184:
2173:
2168:
2157:
2146:
2141:
2132:
2121:
2116:
2107:
2096:
2091:
2082:
2071:
2066:
2055:
2045:
2044:
2037:
2030:
2021:
2011:
2009:
2002:
1997:
1988:
1978:
1976:
1968:
1963:
1954:
1944:
1942:
1934:
1929:
1920:
1910:
1908:
1900:
1895:
1886:
1876:
1875:
1868:
1863:
1854:
1846:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1825:hangingflies
1823:
1812:
1805:
1796:
1785:
1780:
1769:
1757:
1752:
1740:
1729:
1724:
1715:leaf beetles
1713:
1702:
1697:
1686:
1677:Cerambycidae
1675:
1670:
1659:
1647:
1642:
1631:
1620:
1613:
1602:
1591:
1586:
1575:
1566:Hemerobiidae
1564:
1560:Neuroptera
1559:
1550:
1540:
1538:
1531:
1524:
1515:
1507:Adamsochrysa
1505:
1503:
1496:
1489:
1480:
1470:
1468:
1461:
1454:
1443:
1433:
1431:
1424:
1417:
1406:
1395:
1390:
1381:leaf hoppers
1379:
1370:Cicadellidae
1368:
1363:
1352:
1341:
1334:
1323:
1312:
1307:
1298:
1287:
1280:
1269:
1256:
1245:
1234:
1227:
1215:
1204:
1197:
1185:
1174:
1169:
1156:
1145:
1138:
1119:
1079:
1064:
1054:
1040:
1035:
1023:
1015:
1014:
1006:
1005:
998:
990:
989:
982:
975:
967:
966:
959:
949:
941:
935:
929:
923:
921:
914:
907:
901:Koelreuteria
899:
893:
889:
883:
877:
876:
869:
862:
854:
853:
846:
839:
831:
825:
819:
818:
811:
804:
796:
792:Macginicarpa
790:
788:
781:
772:
764:
763:
756:
749:
743:Florissantia
741:
739:
732:
725:
717:
716:
709:
702:
694:
692:
685:
678:
670:
669:
662:
655:
647:
645:
638:
631:
623:
622:
615:
605:
597:
591:
589:
582:
575:
567:
561:
555:
554:
547:
540:
532:
526:
524:
517:
510:
502:
496:
490:
484:
478:
477:
470:
463:
455:
454:
447:
440:
432:
426:
420:
416:Cunninghamia
414:
408:
407:
402:Cupressaceae
400:
393:
385:
384:
379:Equisetaceae
377:
355:
348:
347:and the elm
342:
333:
327:
317:
311:
299:
284:early Eocene
255:
243:
236:
226:
220:
214:
208:
174:
154:
111:in northern
73:Eocene Epoch
68:
66:
18:
4135:: 123–146.
3907:Pseudolarix
3468:: 221–251.
3315:(1): 1–246.
3265:: 433–448.
2904:Seattle, WA
2840:Phasmatodea
2642:Formicidae
2605:Formicidae
2571:Formicidae
2537:Formicidae
2503:Formicidae
2247:Hymenoptera
2236:caddisflies
2223:Trichoptera
2212:hover flies
2159:crane flies
2057:March flies
2004:Eomeropidae
1937:Holcorpidae
1787:Mordellidae
1781:Coleoptera
1753:Coleoptera
1725:Coleoptera
1698:Coleoptera
1671:Coleoptera
1650:Cantharidae
1643:Coleoptera
1587:Neuroptera
1533:Chrysopidae
1498:Chrysopidae
1463:Chrysopidae
1435:Protochrysa
1426:Chrysopidae
1408:spittlebugs
1397:Cercopoidea
1308:Orthoptera
1218:cockroaches
1188:damselflies
1159:dragonflies
1061:Phasmatodea
1051:Chrysopidae
1038:bulldog ant
943:Zizyphoides
871:Sapindaceae
821:Amelanchier
798:Macginitiea
783:Platanaceae
528:Amentotaxus
498:Pseudolarix
449:Ginkgoaceae
422:Metasequoia
335:Acer rousei
264:method at ~
197:fossil fish
177:Cache Creek
97:fossil beds
77:Cache Creek
40: /
28:121°8.469′W
25:50°47.831′N
4473:Categories
3946:Cruciptera
3683:Dipteronia
3553:1807/71959
3192:: 138–149.
3095:1807/71961
2977:2012-07-21
2953:References
2884:Drumheller
2664:form taxon
2627:form taxon
2466:Formicidae
2428:Formicidae
2390:Formicidae
2340:Diapriidae
2315:Cimbicidae
2254:Braconidae
2098:Limoniidae
2039:Bibionidae
1998:Mecoptera
1964:Mecoptera
1930:Mecoptera
1912:Dinokanaga
1896:Mecoptera
1870:Panorpidae
1864:Mecoptera
1835:Mecoptera
1814:Bittacidae
1760:Elateridae
1615:Coleoptera
1526:Neuroptera
1491:Neuroptera
1456:Neuroptera
1419:Neuroptera
1391:Hemiptera
1364:Hemiptera
1282:Orthoptera
1258:Dermaptera
1206:Blaberidae
1047:Neuroptera
951:wheel tree
895:Dipteronia
890:Cruciptera
848:Salicaceae
774:sweet fern
758:Myricaceae
726:sassafras
606:extinct /
549:Betulaceae
332:, maples (
326:) such as
324:Betulaceae
260:using the
193:palynology
129:Washington
85:Highway 97
4149:130797848
3894:(1): 1–7.
3482:128680041
3287:134962126
2768:Sphecidae
2732:Siricidae
2365:Figitidae
2200:Syrphidae
2148:Tipulidae
1807:Mecoptera
1622:Cupedidae
1593:Osmylidae
1343:Aphididae
1336:Hemiptera
1216:blaberid
1199:Blattodea
1186:Flatwing
1157:Darners (
1147:Aeshnidae
1075:Arecaceae
1071:Bruchinae
827:Crataegus
734:Malvaceae
711:Lauraceae
617:Cornaceae
387:Equisetum
246:temperate
115:, on the
101:sediments
93:Highway 1
4386:85743832
4328:Eomerope
4311:24821798
4184:86608533
4081:86524324
4012:92201595
3931:84724593
3769:19802370
3741:Carpinus
3719:11454632
3637:40792296
3116:CBC News
2920:Manitoba
2912:Kamloops
2818:Vespidae
2279:Cephidae
2194:Diptera
2169:Diptera
2142:Diptera
2117:Diptera
2092:Diptera
2067:Diptera
2013:Eomerope
1971:Eorpidae
1946:Holcorpa
1325:katydids
1229:Isoptera
1170:Odonata
1108:Authors
1086:families
984:Vitaceae
961:Ulmaceae
885:Aesculus
813:Rosaceae
640:Fagaceae
632:dogwood
519:Taxaceae
472:Pinaceae
216:Eohiodon
181:Kamloops
150:Republic
125:Republic
109:Smithers
4302:4050627
4279:Bibcode
4240:Bibcode
4238:: 1–8.
3970:2418873
3861:Bibcode
3737:Corylus
3711:3558343
3577:Bibcode
3532:Bibcode
3408:Bibcode
3366:Bibcode
3358:Geology
3267:Bibcode
3231:Bibcode
3072:Bibcode
3020:: 1–66.
2829:hornets
2300:Sawfly
2032:Diptera
1878:Panorpa
1742:weevils
1271:earwigs
1140:Odonata
1114:Images
856:Populus
608:katsura
593:Joffrea
534:Torreya
428:Sequoia
286:Epoch.
231:mooneye
222:Eosalmo
121:Quesnel
4384:
4309:
4299:
4182:
4147:
4079:
4010:
3968:
3929:
3767:
3743:, and
3717:
3709:
3664:17 May
3635:
3497:Botany
3480:
3285:
2898:; the
2896:Ottawa
2890:; the
2047:Plecia
1354:aphids
1299:Grigs
1111:Notes
1090:genera
1088:, and
1082:Orders
999:grape
833:Prunus
656:beech
625:Cornus
563:Betula
531:, cf.
372:notes
358:genera
314:genera
238:Hiodon
219:, and
210:Amyzon
185:Dawson
87:/ the
4419:(PDF)
4382:S2CID
4180:S2CID
4145:S2CID
4077:S2CID
4008:S2CID
3966:JSTOR
3927:S2CID
3849:(PDF)
3815:Ulmus
3784:Fagus
3765:S2CID
3707:JSTOR
3658:(PDF)
3633:JSTOR
3478:S2CID
3283:S2CID
1980:Eorpa
992:Vitis
672:Ribes
557:Alnus
504:Tsuga
492:Pinus
486:Picea
480:Abies
434:Thuja
340:beech
290:Flora
273:Ar-Ar
234:genus
119:near
107:near
4307:PMID
3715:PMID
3666:2021
3305:Acer
1758:cf.
1648:cf.
976:elm
879:Acer
525:cf.
278:52.9
262:K-Ar
179:and
67:The
4431:doi
4374:doi
4370:148
4342:doi
4297:PMC
4287:doi
4275:111
4248:doi
4236:371
4211:doi
4172:doi
4168:147
4137:doi
4108:doi
4069:doi
4065:168
4039:doi
4035:195
4000:doi
3996:179
3958:doi
3919:doi
3915:156
3869:doi
3827:doi
3796:doi
3757:doi
3753:164
3697:doi
3625:doi
3585:doi
3548:hdl
3540:doi
3505:doi
3470:doi
3466:295
3416:doi
3374:doi
3336:doi
3275:doi
3263:511
3239:doi
3090:hdl
3080:doi
3041:doi
3018:113
2918:in
2910:in
2902:in
2894:in
2882:in
1053:) (
940:, â€
928:, â€
888:, â€
795:, â€
566:, â€
225:).
127:in
4475::
4427:99
4425:.
4421:.
4394:^
4380:.
4368:.
4356:^
4338:98
4336:.
4332:.
4305:.
4295:.
4285:.
4273:.
4269:.
4246:.
4234:.
4207:31
4205:.
4201:.
4178:.
4166:.
4143:.
4133:87
4131:.
4104:99
4102:.
4098:.
4075:.
4063:.
4033:.
4029:.
4006:.
3994:.
3990:.
3978:^
3964:.
3954:16
3952:.
3925:.
3913:.
3867:.
3857:42
3855:.
3851:.
3823:83
3821:.
3792:82
3790:.
3763:.
3751:.
3739:,
3727:^
3713:.
3705:.
3693:88
3691:.
3687:.
3645:^
3631:.
3621:36
3619:.
3613:.
3597:^
3583:.
3573:42
3571:.
3546:.
3538:.
3528:53
3526:.
3501:91
3499:.
3476:.
3464:.
3446:38
3444:.
3440:.
3428:^
3414:.
3404:42
3402:.
3398:.
3386:^
3372:.
3362:23
3360:.
3348:^
3332:74
3330:.
3313:22
3311:.
3295:^
3281:.
3273:.
3261:.
3237:.
3227:18
3225:.
3213:^
3190:15
3188:.
3176:^
3133:.
3113:.
3088:.
3078:.
3068:53
3066:.
3062:.
3037:70
3035:.
3016:.
3004:^
2993:.
1161:)
1049:,
934:,
898:,
892:,
882:,
830:,
824:,
596:/
560:,
501:,
495:,
489:,
483:,
431:,
425:,
419:,
413:,
353:.
267:51
253:.
241:.
213:,
152:.
144:,
79:,
4439:.
4433::
4388:.
4376::
4350:.
4344::
4313:.
4289::
4281::
4254:.
4250::
4242::
4219:.
4213::
4186:.
4174::
4151:.
4139::
4116:.
4110::
4083:.
4071::
4047:.
4041::
4014:.
4002::
3972:.
3960::
3933:.
3921::
3875:.
3871::
3863::
3833:.
3829::
3802:.
3798::
3771:.
3759::
3721:.
3699::
3681:"
3668:.
3639:.
3627::
3591:.
3587::
3579::
3556:.
3550::
3542::
3534::
3511:.
3507::
3484:.
3472::
3422:.
3418::
3410::
3380:.
3376::
3368::
3342:.
3338::
3289:.
3277::
3269::
3245:.
3241::
3233::
3137:.
3119:.
3098:.
3092::
3082::
3074::
3047:.
3043::
2980:.
2846:â€
2738:â€
2647:â€
2610:â€
2576:â€
2542:â€
2508:â€
2472:â€
2434:â€
2396:â€
2285:â€
2010:â€
1977:â€
1969:â€
1943:â€
1935:â€
1909:â€
1901:â€
1845:â€
1539:â€
1504:â€
1469:â€
1432:â€
922:â€
789:â€
740:â€
693:â€
646:â€
590:â€
91:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
