60:
260:
old megaprojects, the new ones also foreclose "upon a wide variety of social practices, reproducing rather than resolving urban inequality and disenfranchisement". Because of their plethora of land uses "these mega-projects inhibit the growth of oppositional and contestational practices". The collective benefits that are often the underlying logic of a mega-project, are here reduced to an individualized form of public benefit.
1706:
1698:
45:
293:
many years of planning, authorization and implementation. Other challenges faced by those planning megaprojects include laws and regulations that empower community groups, contested information and methodologies, high levels of uncertainty, avoiding impacts on neighborhoods and the environment, and attempting to solve a
259:
More recently, new types of megaprojects have been identified that no longer follow the old models of being singular and monolithic in their purposes, but have become quite flexible and diverse, such as waterfront redevelopment schemes that seem to offer something to everybody. However, just like the
288:
Megaprojects often raise capital based on expected returns—though projects often go overbudget and over time, and market conditions like commodity prices can change. Concern at cost overruns is often expressed by critics of megaprojects during the planning phase. If the megaproject is delivered in a
292:
One of the most challenging aspects of megaprojects is obtaining sufficient funding. Alan
Altshuler and David Luberoff have found that creative and politically adept political leadership is required to secure resources as well as generate public support, mollify critics, and manage conflict through
567:
Prior to the enactment of SAFETEA-LU in August 2005, projects with over $ 1 billion in construction costs were designated as "Mega
Projects". SAFETEA-LU has lowered the monetary threshold from an estimated total cost of $ 1 billion to $ 500 million or greater, and the term "Mega Project" has since
242:
The logic on which many of the typical megaprojects are built is collective benefits; for example electricity for everybody (who can pay), road access (for those that have cars), etc. They may also serve as a means to open frontiers. Megaprojects have been criticised for their top-down planning
89:
Megaprojects refer not only to construction projects but also decommissioning projects, which are projects that can reach multi-billion budgets, and have a high level of innovation and complexity, and are affected by a number of techno-socio-economic and organizational challenges.
86:. A more general definition is "Megaprojects are temporary endeavours (i.e. projects) characterised by: large investment commitment, vast complexity (especially in organisational terms), and long-lasting impact on the economy, the environment, and society".
272:
advocate for funding large-scale projects to create long-term economic benefits. Investing in megaprojects in order to stimulate the general economy has been a popular policy measure since the economic crisis of the 1930s. Recent examples are the 2008–2009
251:
in some
Western nations saw urban activists opposing government plans to demolish buildings for freeway route construction, on the basis that such demolitions would unfairly disadvantage the urban working class and benefit commuters.
112:(COST), megaprojects are characterized both by "extreme complexity (both in technical and human terms) and by a long record of poor delivery". Megaprojects attract significant public attention because of substantial impacts on
221:
facilities, nuclear power plants, and large public transportation projects. Megaprojects can also include large-scale high-cost initiatives in scientific research and infrastructure, such as the sequencing of the
809:
Plotch, Philip Mark. What's Taking So Long? Identifying the
Underlying Causes of Delays in Planning Transportation Megaprojects in the United States. Journal of Planning Literature. Available online January 8,
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109:
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processes and their ill effects on certain communities. Large scale projects often advantage one group of people while disadvantaging another, for instance, the
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1329:
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800:
Altshuler, Alan and David
Luberoff. Mega-Projects: The Changing Politics of Urban Public Investment. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 2003.
625:
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against proposed nuclear power plants in the United States and
Germany prevented developments due to environmental and social concerns.
1138:
695:
1602:
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269:
124:, and the high costs involved. Megaprojects can also be defined as "initiatives that are physical, very expensive, and public".
59:
1395:
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in China, the largest hydroelectric project in the world, required the displacement of 1.2 million farmers. In the 1970s, the
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and, more recently, mixed use waterfront redevelopments; however, the most common megaprojects are in the categories of
430:"Managing social challenges in the nuclear decommissioning industry: A responsible approach towards better performance"
1038:
985:
326:
1532:
461:"Applying value management when it seems that there is no value to be managed: the case of nuclear decommissioning"
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Lehrer, U.; Laidley, J. (2008). "Old Mega-projects Newly
Packaged? Waterfront Redevelopment in Toronto".
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388:"Power plants as megaprojects: Using empirics to shape policy, planning, and construction management"
306:
223:
133:
31:
459:
Invernizzi, Diletta
Colette; Locatelli, Giorgio; Grönqvist, Marcus; Brookes, Naomi J. (2019-01-28).
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country with relevant corruption the likelihood and magnitude of having overbudgets increases.
97:
Mega
Construction Project (Megaproject) Program involves projects valued at over $ 35 million.
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Megaprojects are often affected by corruption, leading to higher cost and lower benefit.
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183:
68:
673:
651:
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513:"Office of Federal Contractor Compliance Programs: Mega Construction Project Program"
492:
331:
321:
231:
151:
52:
768:
Locatelli, Giorgio; Mariani, Giacomo; Sainati, Tristano; Greco, Marco (2017-04-01).
525:
Locatelli, Giorgio; Mariani, Giacomo; Sainati, Tristano; Greco, Marco (2017-04-01).
1680:
1665:
1511:
1370:
1015:
882:
786:
770:"Corruption in public projects and megaprojects: There is an elephant in the room!"
769:
543:
527:"Corruption in public projects and megaprojects: There is an elephant in the room!"
526:
476:
445:
428:
Invernizzi, Diletta
Colette; Locatelli, Giorgio; Brookes, Naomi J. (October 2017).
414:
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48:
44:
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1062:
965:
603:
202:
191:
163:
113:
17:
368:
369:"Megaproject: The Effective Design and Delivery of Megaprojects in the EU"
1168:
1047:
501:
429:
227:
823:
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175:
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83:
37:
For a list of megaprojects specifically related to transportation, see
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121:
1213:
94:
58:
43:
1587:
855:
851:
584:
Mega-Projects: The Changing Politics of Urban Public Investment
155:
626:"Three Gorges breaks world record for hydropower generation"
831:
568:
been eliminated and replaced with the term "Major Project."
1254:
National Railroad Construction and Maintenance Association
27:
Extremely large-scale construction and investment project
1185:
Chartered Institute of Plumbing and Heating Engineering
697:
The Limitless City: A Primer on the Urban Sprawl Debate
1179:
Chartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors
725:
International Journal of Urban and Regional Research
674:"Relocation for Giant Dam Inflames Chinese Peasants"
606:. Journal of Evolution and Technology. November 1999
604:"The Political Economy of Very Large Space Projects"
386:
Brookes, Naomi J.; Locatelli, Giorgio (2015-10-01).
1520:
1484:
1426:
1369:
1338:
1292:
1131:
1034:
958:
922:
889:
751:"Crude Oil's Fall Pressures Energy Megaprojects"
1163:Association of Plumbing and Heating Contractors
586:(Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 2003).
1202:Construction Management Association of America
827:European Cooperation in Science and Technology
373:European Cooperation in Science and Technology
283:American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
110:European Cooperation in Science and Technology
67:and other railways in the Asiatic part of the
1236:National Association of Women in Construction
867:
79:is an extremely large-scale construction and
8:
1151:Asbestos Testing and Consultancy Association
774:International Journal of Project Management
531:International Journal of Project Management
465:International Journal of Project Management
434:International Journal of Project Management
874:
860:
852:
55:, an example of a 20th-century megaproject
1191:Civil Engineering Contractors Association
1157:Associated General Contractors of America
785:
718:
716:
542:
71:were important 19th-century megaprojects.
1608:List of tallest buildings and structures
1272:Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors
628:. Xinhua. 1 January 2014. Archived from
1248:National Kitchen & Bath Association
694:Gillham, Oliver; MacLean, Alex (2002),
357:
363:
361:
1260:National Tile Contractors Association
1230:National Association of Home Builders
1208:Construction Specifications Institute
7:
1242:National Fire Protection Association
1284:Society of Construction Arbitrators
1145:American Society of Civil Engineers
1139:American Institute of Constructors
825:Mega-project.eu, a website run by
652:"Millions forced out by China dam"
226:, a significant global advance in
25:
1603:Lists of buildings and structures
848:– list of troubled large projects
834:– megaproject of Bionic City for
279:2008 European Union stimulus plan
275:Chinese economic stimulus program
1705:
1704:
1696:
737:10.1111/j.1468-2427.2008.00830.x
270:infrastructure-based development
30:For a list of megaprojects, see
1697:
1671:Sustainability in construction
1502:Modern methods of construction
787:10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.09.010
563:Federal Highway Administration
544:10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.09.010
477:10.1016/j.ijproman.2019.01.004
446:10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.12.002
312:List of transport megaprojects
138:List of transport megaprojects
39:List of transport megaprojects
1:
1439:Building services engineering
1555:Construction equipment theft
1278:Scottish Building Federation
1174:Construction History Society
986:Chartered Building Surveyor
950:Water supply and sanitation
327:Reference class forecasting
1755:
1533:List of building materials
559:"Project Delivery Defined"
131:
36:
29:
1694:
1471:Environmental engineering
1434:Architectural engineering
672:Julie Chao (2001-05-15).
407:10.1016/j.jup.2015.09.005
1476:Geotechnical engineering
1454:Construction engineering
1219:Home Builders Federation
945:Timeline of architecture
907:Underground construction
846:Catalogue of Catastrophe
1661:Real estate development
1563:Construction management
1418:Vernacular architecture
1403:Indigenous architecture
1391:Industrial architecture
1266:Railway Tie Association
1507:Monocrete construction
1466:Earthquake engineering
1459:Structural engineering
1413:Landscape architecture
940:Structural engineering
654:. BBC News. 2007-10-12
211:information technology
144:special economic zones
72:
65:Trans-Siberian Railway
56:
1497:Earthbag construction
1408:Interior architecture
902:Offshore construction
842:, M. Kudryashov, 2008
676:. National Geographic
345:When Technology Fails
338:Megaprojects and Risk
254:Anti-nuclear protests
213:systems, large-scale
142:Megaprojects include
62:
47:
1729:Engineering projects
1545:Construction bidding
1225:Lighting Association
1197:The Concrete Society
1073:Construction foreman
582:and David Luberoff,
307:List of megaprojects
134:List of megaprojects
32:List of megaprojects
1676:Unfinished building
1449:Coastal engineering
1078:Construction worker
1021:Structural engineer
912:Tunnel construction
755:Wall Street Journal
1568:Construction waste
1550:Construction delay
981:Building officials
976:Building estimator
632:on January 2, 2015
73:
57:
1716:
1715:
1559:Construction loan
1528:Building material
1444:Civil engineering
1068:Concrete finisher
1011:Quantity surveyor
971:Building engineer
897:Home construction
707:978-1-55963-833-3
317:Macro-engineering
108:According to the
16:(Redirected from
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1583:Design–bid–build
1351:Construction law
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495:. Archived from
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440:(7): 1350–1364.
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395:Utilities Policy
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383:
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245:Three Gorges Dam
148:public buildings
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996:Civil estimator
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207:weapons systems
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818:External links
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580:Alan Altshuler
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499:on 1 Feb 2019.
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610:16 November
196:natural gas
190:projects,
118:environment
114:communities
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1723:Categories
1642:Parge coat
1573:Demolition
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1293:By country
1098:Millwright
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188:wastewater
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1048:Banksman
301:See also
228:genetics
184:railways
176:highways
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160:airports
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1485:Methods
1396:British
1315:Romania
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1187:(CIPHE)
1181:(CICES)
1108:Plumber
1088:Glazier
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