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medium is the message". The electric light is pure information and it is a medium without a message, unless it is used to spell out some verbal ad or a name. The characteristic of all media means the "content" of any medium is always another medium. For example, the content of writing is speech, the written word is the content of print, and print is the content of the telegraph. The change that the medium or technology introduces into human affairs is the "message". If the electric light is used for a Friday night football game or to light up a desk, it could be argued that the content of the electric light is these activities. The fact that it is the medium that shapes and controls the form of human association and action makes it the message. The electric light is overlooked as a communication medium because it does not have any content. It is not until the electric light is used to spell a brand name that it is recognized as medium. Similar to radio and other mass media, electric light eliminates time and space factors in human association, creating deeper involvement. McLuhan compared the "content" to a juicy piece of meat being carried by a burglar to distract the "watchdog of the mind". The effect of the medium is made strong because it is given another media "content". The content of a movie is a book, play, or maybe even an opera.
279:, University of Toronto professor Harold Innis highlighted media technologies as a powerful contributor to the rise and collapse of empires. Innisâ theory of media bias utilizes historical evidence to argue that a medium will be biased towards either time or space. He claims that this inherent bias will reveal a mediumâs significance to the development of its civilization. Innis identifies media biased towards time as a medium durable in character like clay, stone, or parchment. Time biased media are heavy and difficult to relocate, which keeps their message centralized and thus maintains economic and social control within the hands of a hierarchical authority structure. He defines media in favor of space as a lighter, more transferable medium like papyrus. Opposite to media in favor of time, Innis explains that the transferable quality of media biased towards space permits civilizations to expand more quickly across vast areas, thus benefiting the growth of sectors like trade. Space biased media influences an empire to decentralize its power and widen its reach of influence. Though these biases are in competition with each other, Innis argued that an empire requires the presence of both time and space biased media to succeed as a lasting civilization.
746:, with several dedicated departments and research institutes. With a view to making the best use of communication facilities for information, publicity, and development, the Government of India in 1962-63 sought the advice of the Ford Foundation/UNESCO team of internationally known mass communication specialists who recommended setting up a national institute for training, teaching, and research in mass communication. Anna University was the first university to start a Master of Science in Electronic Media program. It offers a five-year integrated program and a two-year program in Electronic Media. The Department of Media Sciences was started in January 2002, branching off from the UGC's Educational Multimedia Research Centre (EMMRC). The National Institute of Open Schooling, the world's largest open schooling system, offers Mass Communication as a subject of studies at senior secondary level. All the major universities in the country have mass media and journalism studies departments, including Asian College of Journalism, Chennai, Indian Institute of Mass Communication, New Delhi, Xavier Institute of Communications, Mumbai, Parul University, Vadodara, Amity University, Jawaharlal Neheru University, Apeejay Institute of Mass Communications,
295:(New Press, 1999). Bourdieu asserts that television provides far less autonomy (or freedom) than we think. From his perspective, the market (which creates a hunt for higher advertising revenue) not only imposes uniformity and banality, but also necessitates a form of invisible censorship. For example, television producers often "pre-interview" participants in news and public affairs programs to ensure that they will speak in simple, attention-grabbing terms. When the search for viewers leads to an emphasis on the sensational and the spectacular, people with complex or nuanced views are not allowed a hearing.
416:. Details of the research projects and results are published in the RISJ annual report. In addition to the research performed at the Reuters Institute, media researchers in the United Kingdom have also used comments from the British press to look at their impression of media studies as a topic for study. Researchers Lucy Bennett and Jenny Kidd found that there was a link between the Conservative party in Britain and the idea that media studies was not an academic field worth studying due to its lack of scientific principles and employability for students.
1004:
film studies and rhetorical or critical theory, or it may appear in combinations like âmedia studies and communicationâ to join two fields or emphasize a different focus. It involves the study of many emerging contemporary media and platforms, with social media growing in popularity in recent years. Broadcast and cable television is no longer the primary form of entertainment, with various screens offering worldwide events and pastimes around the clock. Many institutions within the United States have since changed and revised their media studies programs.
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telephone or television) is considered "low definition" because a small amount of data/information is given and has to be filled in. Hot media are low in participation, because they give one most of the information while excluding certain information. Meanwhile, cool media are high in participation, because inclusively provides information but relies on the viewer to fill in the blanks. McLuhan used lecturing as an example for hot media and seminars as an example for low media. Using a hot medium in a hot or cool culture makes a difference.
422:, a Jamaican-born social scientist, also contributed to the field of media studies through his writings on cultural studies, separate but similar to media studies. Hall's main viewpoint was that the mainstream media as a whole served the beliefs of the rich and powerful within society, an idea that was heavily influenced by Karl Marx and Antonio Gramsci in his writings. By naming his theory "cultural studies", Hall was able to bring in the cultural element of media studies that he felt was often left out by academics in the field.
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and access to education resources, and can be unconsciously shaped by their social environment. Bourdieu highlights this accumulation of competencies as a determining factor in oneâs life chances. Oneâs cultural capital, such as a university degree, can lead them to be offered more opportunities, thus linking the concept to both economic and social capital. Bourdieu explains that it is through the content of the different capitals that the habitus will structure an individual's consumer taste.
260:, and that all human artefacts and technologies are media. His book introduced the usage of terms such as "media" into our language along with other precepts, among them "global village" and "Age of Information". A medium is anything that mediates our interaction with the world or other humans. Given this perspective, media study is not restricted to just media of communications but all forms of technology. Media and their users form an ecosystem, and the study of this ecosystem is known as
93:
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material in the German theater (and elsewhere) since the 1970s, the field of theater studies from the 1990s onwards at the Freie
UniversitĂ€t Berlin, led in particular by Erika Fischer-Lichte, showed particular interest in the ways in which theatricality influenced notions of performativity in aesthetic events. Within the field of Film Studies, again, both Frankfurt and Berlin were dominant in the development of new perspectives on moving image media. Heide SchlĂŒpman in Frankfurt and
302:(Bourdieu, 1977), Bourdieu claims an audience's preference in media is shaped by their social context. How an individual interprets and engages with their surroundings, or their habitus, is defined by the lasting and transferable elements of character which structure their consumer preferences. Bourdieu explains that, though durable, the habitus is not set in stone; it instead acts as a âstrategy-generating principleâ allowing individuals to navigate new and unfamiliar situations.
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652:(respectively) created journalism specific programs or schools. A journalism specific program was also created at Ryerson in 1950. The first communication programs in Canada were started at Ryerson and Concordia Universities. The Radio and Television Arts program at Ryerson was started in the 1950s, while the Film, Media Studies/Media Arts, and Photography programs also originated from programs started in the 1950s.
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446:â. Context collapse refers to how a media platform can flatten multiple audiences into one and allow information intended for one audience to reach another unintended audience. An individual may present themselves to multiple audiences in various ways, but through context collapse, they are put in front of every audience at the same time and must choose which identity to assume.
1035:, games, computational media, documentary, and mobile design, and these groups are used to provide graduate students with research assistantships to cover the cost of tuition and living expenses. The incorporation of Writing and Humanistic Studies also placed MIT's Science Writing program, Writing Across the Curriculum, and Writing and Communications Center under the same roof.
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692:, formerly known as the Beijing Broadcasting Institute, dates back to 1954 and includes media studies. CUC has 15,307 full-time students, including 9,264 undergraduates, 3,512 candidates for doctor and master's degrees, and 16,780 students in programs of continuing education. The other university known for media studies in China is
264:. Media ecology also holds that our environment ultimately changes due to technology. Griffin, Ledbetter, and Sparks elaborate on this theory in their book, stating â...adding smartphones to a family doesnât create a 'family plus smartphones.' The technology changes the family into something different than what it was before.â
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years in a very structured and developmental fashion, with
Scholarship in Media Studies available for academically gifted students. According to the New Zealand Ministry of Education Subject Enrollment figures, 229 New Zealand schools offered Media Studies as a subject in 2016, representing more than 14,000 students.
770:, communication and information sciences, communication and media, media and culture or theater, and film and television sciences. While communication sciences focuses on the way people communicate, be it mediated or unmediated, media studies tends to narrow the communication down to just mediated communication.
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was created in the late 1960s. Ryerson's Radio and
Television, Film, Media and Photography programs were renowned by the mid 1970s, and its programs were being copied by other colleges and universities nationally and internationally. Western University later followed suit, establishing The Faculty of
609:, media studies and communication studies are incorporated in the same departments and cover a wide range of approaches (from critical theory and organizations to research-creation and political economy, for example). Over time, research developed to employ theories and methods from cultural studies,
518:
or "VCE") in the 1980s. It has since become, and continues to be, a strong component of the VCE. Notable figures in the development of the
Victorian secondary school curriculum were the long time Rusden College media teacher Peter Greenaway, Trevor Barr (who authored one of the first media text books
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examines why individuals choose to take in media. At its core, the uses and gratifications theory explores how there is no single reason why people consume the messages that they do. Instead, one person consumes specific media for different reasons than another person may consume the same media. Some
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Bourdieu expanded on the theory of the habitus, introducing his famous term, cultural capital. According to the French sociologist, cultural capital signifies an individualâs socially or culturally valuable skills and knowledge. He claims that these competencies are developed through oneâs upbringing
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Instytut
Dziennikarstwa, MediĂłw i Komunikacji SpoĆecznej Uniwersytetu JagielloĆskiego, ul. prof. StanisĆawa Ćojasiewicza 4 30-348 KrakĂłw; Kajtoch, Wojciech; Hodalska, Magdalena; Instytut Dziennikarstwa, MediĂłw i Komunikacji SpoĆecznej Uniwersytetu JagielloĆskiego, ul. prof. StanisĆawa Ćojasiewicza 4
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is currently one of the most popular courses of study at universities in
Germany, with many applicants mistakenly assuming that studying it will automatically lead to a career in TV or other media. This has led to widespread disillusionment, with students blaming the universities for offering highly
399:
According to the
Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, translated to Press Journals in English, one of the "architects" of media studies in Poland is Professor Walery Pisarek. Pisarek spent over 40 years of his career studying how topics such as persuasion, language, and propaganda intersect with media studies and
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Different courses can offer students a range of specializations, such as cultural studies, media theory and analysis, practical film-making, journalism, and communications studies. Media studies has been a nationally mandated and very popular subject in secondary (high) schools, taught across three
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or simply 'communication' are names that are used far more frequently than âmedia studiesâ for academic departments in the United States. However, the focus of such programs sometimes excludes certain mediaâfilm, book publishing, video games, etc. The title âmedia studiesâ may be used to designate
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at the
University of Leicester is credited for his influence in the development of media studies and communication studies, as the head of the university's Centre for Mass Communication Research and founder of the International Association for Media and Communication Research. Media Studies is now
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There is no university focused on journalism and media studies, but there are seven public universities which have a department of media studies. The three biggest universities are based in Prague (Charles
University), Brno (Masaryk University) and Olomouc (PalackĂœ University). There are another
513:
In secondary schools, an early film studies course was first introduced as a part of the
Victorian junior secondary curriculum during the mid 1960s. By the early 1970s, an expanded media studies course was being taught. The course became part of the senior secondary curriculum (later known as the
332:
This plurality of perspectives make it difficult to single out one particular site where the branch of Medienwissenschaft originated. While the Frankfurt-based theatre scholar Hans-Theis Lehmanns' term "post dramatic theater" points directly to the increased blending of co-presence and mediatized
219:
was one of the earliest advocates for the implementation of media studies curriculum in schools. He believed students should be capable of scrutinizing mass media, and valued the application of modern communication techniques within the education system. In 1975, Culkin introduced the first media
267:
McLuhan says that the "technique of fragmentation that is the essence of machine technology" shaped the restructuring of human work and association and "the essence of automation technology is the opposite". He uses an example of the electric light to make this connection and to explain how "the
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in Virginia used the title "media studies" for a department that taught practitioner-oriented major concentrations in journalism, advertising, broadcast production, and web design. In 2008, those programs were combined with a previous department of communication (speech and public relations) to
449:
In the United States, there is a rise in research surrounding social media and its use as a media form for communication. As the amount of social media research is on the rise, many researchers are calling on social media corporations to release data about their services to the general public.
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Numerous French post-secondary institutions offer courses in communications and media studies at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. Media and communications programs at ESCP Business School, Paris Institute of Political Studies, and Grenoble Alpes University center around the study of
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and the moving image as a medium, particularly in the context of illusion (Koch). Many scholars who became known as media scholars in Germany were originally scholars of German, such as Friedrich Kittler, who taught at the Humboldt UniversitÀt zu Berlin and completed both his dissertation and
271:
McLuhan talks about media being "hot" or "cold" and touches on the principle that distinguishes them from one another. A hot medium (i.e., radio or a movie) extends a single sense in "high definition". High definition refers to the state of being well filled with data. A cool medium (i.e., a
1068:, the Center for New Media, and a long established interdisciplinary program formerly titled Mass Communications, which recently changed its name to Media Studies. This change eliminated any connotations that may have accompanied the term âmassâ in the former title. Until recently,
820:
Nine Dutch universities collaborate in the overarching Netherlands Research school for Media Studies (RMeS), which acts as a platform for graduate students to build connections within the media studies discipline and to represent Dutch media scholars on an international level.
704:. Almost 10,000 full-time students are currently studying in over 50 programs at the 13 Colleges and Schools of ZUMC. Both institutions have produced some of China's brightest broadcasting talents for television, as well as leading journalists at magazines and newspapers.
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to Fordham University, and subsequently founding the Center for Understanding Media, which became the New School program. Both educators are recognized as pioneers in the discipline, credited with paving the way for media studies curriculum within the education system.
1011:. The program has since grown to include a graduate program; it is MIT's largest humanities major, and, following a 2012 merger with the Writing and Humanistic Studies program, now has a roster of twenty faculty, including Pulitzer Prize-winning author
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325:("Germanistik"), and Comparative Literature Studies ("Komparatistik"). This branch has broadened out substantially since the 1990s, causing a culturally-based media studies (often emphasized more recently through the disciplinary title
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816:
Media studies (or something similar) can be studied at the University of Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Erasmus University Rotterdam, University of Groningen, University of Maastricht, and the University of Utrecht.
1031:, and Heather Hendershot. Now named Comparative Media Studies/Writing, the department places an emphasis on what Jenkins and colleagues have termed "applied humanities": it hosts several research groups for civic media,
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In Victoria, the VCE media studies course is structured as: Unit 1 â Representation, Technologies of Representation, and New Media; Unit 2 â Media Production, Australian Media Organisations; Unit 3 â Narrative Texts,
2578:- How far do Primary School children have the knowledge and skills to access media, make sense of the representations and images produced and to create their own? by Grant Strudley, University of Reading'
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to offer graduate studies in television and media since 2015. Currently, the Department of Television and Radio administers an MS in Media Studies, and hosts the Center for the Study of World Television.
877:, media studies programs are widely offered. International Islamic University has the oldest department in the country, now called the "Department of Media and Communication Studies". Later on, the
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837:, and is taught at both secondary and tertiary education institutes. Media studies in NZ can be regarded as a singular success, with the subject well-established in the tertiary sector (such as
486:'s "Excellence in Research for Australia" report, the leading universities in the country for media studies (which were ranked well above world standards by the report's scoring methodology) are
391:, as it invokes both scientific methods and the humanities. Accordingly, German media theory combines philosophy, psychoanalysis, history, and scientific studies with media-specific research.
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1046:, a cultural historian and media scholar, as well as the Inaugural Verklin Media Policy and Ethics Conference, endowed by the CEO of Canoe Ventures and UVA alumnus David Verklin.
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Despite the field normally being called mass communication in American circles, many theories within the realm of media studies have evolved from the United States. Elihu Katzâs
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The first major branch of media theory has its roots in the humanities and cultural studies, such as film studies ("Filmwissenschaft"), theater studies ("Theaterwissenschaft"),
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has three institutional structures within media studies that take place in the department of Film and Media (formerly Film Studies Program), including famous theorists as
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929:, and others. The Swiss programs study current trends and strategies used by media corporations, while examining their influence and consequences on modern day society.
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are famous Canadian scholars for their contributions to the fields of media ecology and political economy in the 20th century. They were both important members of the
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create a School of Communication. (A media studies major at Radford still means someone concentrating on journalism, broadcasting, advertising or Web production.)
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Today, most universities offer undergraduate degrees in Media and Communication Studies, and many Canadian scholars actively contribute to the field, among which:
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957:. Soon after in 1966, the Centre for Mass Communication Research was founded at Leicester University, and degree programs in media studies began to sprout at
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Information and Media Studies. Carleton later expanded upon its school of journalism, introducing the mass communication and media studies program in 1978.
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and Alice Marwick when they studied how media eliminates borders between contexts. In their joint article, they refer to this as part of a process called â
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988:, which is one of the leaders in news media research for the United Kingdom. The Institute focuses on journalism and news media as topics of study.
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theoretical course content. The universities maintain that practical journalistic training is not the aim of the academic studies they offer.
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and the Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology established departments of mass communication in 2002. Peshawar University,
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1056:, who was one of the first and foremost theorists of media culture in the US and boasted a strong Department of Film & Media Studies.
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When Joseph Trenaman left the BBC's Further Education Unit to become the first holder of the Granada Research Fellowship in Television at
118:. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but it mostly draws from its core disciplines of
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Language planning in the post-communist era: the struggles for language control in the new order in Eastern Europe, Eurasia and China
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significantly contributed to the field of organizational communication by focusing on the ontological processes of organizations.
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Marwick & Boyd (2010). "I tweet honestly, I tweet passionately: Twitter users, context collapse, and the imagined audience".
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also started communication programs. Now, newly established universities are also offering mass communication programs, in which
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380:, is one of the few independent research institutions that is dedicated to issues surrounding media and communications policies.
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also offers formal qualifications at a number of different levels. It is offered through a large area of exam boards, including
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in the 1940s, this branch studies mass media, its institutions, and its effects on society and individuals. The German
344:, first in Bochum then in Berlin, were key theorists contributing to an aesthetic theory of the cinema (SchlĂŒpmann) as
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2327:"Measuring relative opinion from location-based social media: A case study of the 2016 U.S. presidential election"
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2059:"Master in communication in media and creative industries french track in Paris institute of political studies"
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570:; and Unit 4 â Media Process, Social Values, and Media Influence. Media studies also forms a major part of the
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353:. One of the early publications in this branch of media studies was a volume edited by Helmut Kreuzer entitled
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linguistics, specifically in Poland. This focus on linguistics also led to Pisarek's support of the
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Bourdieu is also remembered in the discipline for his theory of the habitus. In his written work
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taught all over the UK. It is taught at Key Stages 1â 3, Entry Level, GCSE and at A level; the
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1726:"Myths about media studies: the construction of media studies education in the British press"
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journalism and other multimedia content, teaching media creation and management strategies.
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As mentioned earlier, much research in the field of news media studies has been led by the
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Today, Australian states and territories that teach media studies at a secondary level are
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Gong, Zhaoya; Cai, Tengteng; Thill, Jean-Claude; Hale, Scott; Graham, Mark (2020-05-22).
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1856:"Putting Social Media in Its Place: A Curatorial Theory for Media's Noisy Social Worlds"
361:), which summarizes the presentations given at the DĂŒsseldorfer Germanistentag in 1976.
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Researchers may also develop and employ theories and methods from disciplines including
5149:
5064:
5054:
5042:
4953:
4926:
4871:
4817:
4670:
4518:
4430:
4425:
4182:
4103:
4098:
4029:
3969:
3964:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3889:
3864:
3849:
3839:
3834:
3779:
3223:
3205:
3170:
3125:
3104:
2988:
2654:
2646:
2379:
2326:
1479:
1385:
1156:
1061:
965:
938:
571:
322:
216:
2150:
https://educationcounts.govt.nz/statistics/schooling/student-numbers/subject-enrolment
5363:
5249:
5196:
5124:
4965:
4621:
4577:
4540:
4445:
4355:
4253:
4199:
4194:
3919:
3914:
3854:
3814:
3794:
3668:
3556:
3496:
3273:
2869:
2845:
2641:
1600:
1538:
1450:
1151:
1141:
1008:
898:
661:
261:
220:
studies M.A. program in the U.S, which has since graduated more than 2,000 students.
190:
182:
123:
2572:- How to do Media Studies by Paul Long and Tim Wall from Birmingham City University.
1789:
1638:
5343:
5331:
5032:
4807:
4420:
4360:
4108:
4066:
3929:
3869:
3859:
3804:
3506:
3491:
3403:
3393:
3175:
3084:
3074:
2940:
2914:
2636:
1103:
1038:
In 2000, the Department of Media Studies was officially established in 2000 at the
1020:
1016:
1007:
In 1999, the MIT Comparative Media Studies program started under the leadership of
622:
618:
178:
2083:"UFR Langage, lettres et arts du spectacle, information et communication (LLASIC)"
1742:
1725:
1309:"Marshall McLuhan as Educationist: Institutional Learning in the Postliterate Era"
467:. Media studies in Australia was first developed as an area of study in Victorian
2361:
5107:
5037:
4866:
4744:
4572:
4460:
4385:
4302:
4221:
4214:
4071:
3909:
3516:
3268:
3089:
3026:
2998:
2919:
1938:, "Section 4: Institutional Report" (20. Languages, Communication and Culture),
1098:
1053:
910:
830:
763:
665:
579:
575:
223:
Culkin was also responsible for bringing his colleague and fellow media scholar
194:
186:
110:
and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various
2124:
589:
Victoria also hosts the peak media teaching body known as ATOM which publishes
435:
possible gratifications include âcompanionshipâ, âescapeâ, and âinformationâ.
5321:
5311:
5069:
4849:
4834:
4827:
4728:
4665:
4626:
4465:
4307:
4265:
4209:
3586:
3541:
3536:
3347:
3180:
3031:
2904:
2884:
2756:
2297:
2186:"Communication and Media Research - Course offerings - University of Fribourg"
1122:
1112:
1012:
610:
583:
547:
468:
439:
158:
150:
115:
17:
2370:
2012:
1881:
1872:
1855:
1781:
1751:
1592:
1546:
1442:
1359:(11th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. pp. 414, 471â472.
1332:
1324:
1287:
713:
nine private universities and colleges that have a media studies department.
5002:
4936:
4903:
4400:
4297:
4226:
4120:
4093:
3571:
3327:
3036:
2909:
2894:
1186:
701:
614:
464:
174:
170:
146:
97:
2403:
2388:
2279:
4693:
2413:
1956:
5336:
4958:
4876:
3243:
2543:"Made in NY - Mayor's Office of Film, Theatre & Broadcasting - About"
1583:
874:
833:
is a healthy discipline, mainly due to renewed activity in the country's
697:
252:
In his book "Understanding Media, The Extensions of Man", media theorist
142:
3419:
1896:"Connected to the world: A plan to internationalise Victorian schooling"
1434:
318:, two main branches of media theory or media studies can be identified.
5296:
5102:
4931:
4147:
3628:
3596:
3352:
3258:
3213:
315:
3606:
3601:
606:
412:
Much research in the field of news media studies has been led by the
1700:"Annual report | Reuters Institute for the study of Journalism"
2343:
1355:
Griffin, Emory A; Ledbetter, Andrew; Sparks, Glenn Grayson (2023).
1276:"Dr. John M. Culkin, 65; Scholar Studied Media's Effect on Society"
773:
Communication sciences (or a derivative thereof) can be studied at
3998:
2107:
941:, media studies developed in the 1960s from the academic study of
743:
685:
230:
91:
1622:"Professor Walery Pisarek â an Architect of Polish Media Studies"
838:
2814:
2581:
766:, media studies is split into several academic courses, such as
4697:
4002:
3423:
2818:
2585:
1419:"Space Bias/Time Bias: Harold Innis, Empire and Communications"
364:
The second branch of media studies in Germany is comparable to
4189:
2464:
29:
2440:
558:. Media studies does not appear to be taught in the state of
1508:
Television, a French sociologist explains, dumbs itself down
574:
and junior secondary curriculum, and includes areas such as
2271:
Watch me play: Twitch and the rise of game live streaming
1567:"Understanding Bourdieu - Cultural Capital and Habitus"
949:. The key date, according to Andrew Crisell, is 1959:
694:
Zhejiang University of Media and Communications (ZUMC)
463:
Media is studied as a broad subject in most states in
243:
Global contributions and perspectives on media studies
2489:"Mission and Academics | Department of Media Studies"
2240:(2 ed.). London: Sage Publications. p. 89.
1485:. Maidenhead ; New York: Open University Press.
287:
One prominent French media critic is the sociologist
1957:"About Us- Faculty of Information and Media Studies"
5242:
5148:
5063:
4902:
4790:
4602:
4586:
4333:
4059:
3767:
3646:
3475:
3376:
3320:
3282:
3204:
3153:
3118:
3062:
3019:
3012:
2976:
2928:
2852:
2791:
2775:
2744:
2719:
2668:
2619:
1918:, "Section 2: Results by Field of Research Code",
1829:Bryant, Jennings; Oliver, Mary Beth, eds. (2009).
1478:
1384:
1192:The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere
961:and other universities during the 1970s and 1980s.
742:Media Studies is a fast growing academic field in
2445:MIT Graduate Program in Comparative Media Studies
2310:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
2213:(2 ed.). London: Routledge. pp. 186â7.
2162:"Bachelor of Arts in Digital Media (BA-DM) | IIG"
654:The Communication studies department at Concordia
754:(CSDS), Delhi has media studies as an emphasis.
2211:An Introductory History of British Broadcasting
1903:Department of Education and Training (Victoria)
2686:Manifest and latent functions and dysfunctions
2005:"Welcome to Communication University of China"
1831:Media Effects: Advances in Theory and Research
668:(cultural studies, feminist, ageing studies),
329:) in Germany to be developed and established.
4709:
4014:
3435:
2830:
2597:
2576:The Media Literacy of Primary School Children
2570:âMedia Studies: Text, Production and Context'
2465:"About MIT Comparative Media Studies/Writing"
1981:"Reinventing Communication and Media Studies"
1523:"The Cognitive Origins of Bourdieu's Habitus"
1378:
1376:
1250:. London, England: Harvard University Press.
986:Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism
414:Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism
8:
1652:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
752:Centre for the Study of Developing Societies
374:Institute for Media and Communication Policy
5212:Political polarization in the United States
4716:
4702:
4694:
4021:
4007:
3999:
3442:
3428:
3420:
3016:
2837:
2823:
2815:
2604:
2590:
2582:
1805:"To Media Study: Media Studies and Beyond"
1656:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1527:Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour
1387:Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man
901:, is also offering a BS in media studies.
359:Literaturwissenschaft â Medienwissenschaft
5265:FacebookâCambridge Analytica data scandal
2378:
2360:
2342:
2035:"Master of Science (MSc) - MĂ©dias | ESCP"
1871:
1812:The Journal of Media Art Study and Theory
1741:
1724:Bennett, Lucy; Kidd, Jenny (2017-03-04).
1637:
1582:
811:Wageningen University and Research Centre
438:A newer theory from the 2010s comes from
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
2402:Olsson, Jan; Spigel, Lynn, eds. (2004).
2129:Research school for Media Studies (RMeS)
1246:Dayan, Daniel & Katz, Elihu (1992).
43:This article includes a list of general
1213:
2303:
2237:The Political Economy of Communication
1763:
1761:
1645:
1614:
1612:
1610:
849:; Film, Television and Media Studies,
523:) and later John Murray (who authored
482:teach media studies. According to the
323:German language and literature studies
5307:Psychological effects of Internet use
2469:MIT Comparative Media Studies/Writing
2435:
2433:
1833:(3rd ed.). New York: Routledge.
1694:
1692:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1342:
919:Zurich University of Applied Sciences
7:
4652:
1936:Excellence in Research for Australia
1916:Excellence in Research for Australia
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1357:A First Look at Communication Theory
1269:
1267:
215:Former priest and American educator
27:Field of study that deals with media
5282:Digital media use and mental health
2234:Mosco, Vincent (9 September 2011).
1223:Theories of The Information Society
376:, founded in 2005 by media scholar
1521:Lizardo, Omar (21 December 2004).
1506:Cass R. Sunstein, New York Times,
1058:University of California, Berkeley
688:that specialize in media studies.
516:Victorian Certificate of Education
355:Literature Studies - Media Studies
96:A girl with a newspaper featuring
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
5287:Effects of violence in mass media
4986:Smartphones and pedestrian safety
2441:"About Comparative Media Studies"
2087:formations.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr
971:Scottish Qualifications Authority
915:International Institute in Geneva
847:Victoria University of Wellington
690:Communication University of China
387:cannot be directly translated to
5260:2021 Facebook company files leak
4981:Mobile phones and driving safety
4675:
4664:
4651:
4640:
4639:
3983:
3982:
3637:
3333:Concentration of media ownership
1539:10.1111/j.1468-5914.2004.00255.x
1307:Kuskis, Alexander (2012-07-10).
1050:University of California, Irvine
768:(applied) communication sciences
676:(organizational communication).
664:(philosophy, cultural studies),
633:at the time. More recently, the
34:
5232:2020 U.S. presidential election
5227:2016 U.S. presidential election
4594:List of social science journals
3502:Computer-mediated communication
1639:10.4467/22996362PZ.19.010.10535
897:, which was established by the
631:Toronto School of Communication
533:10 Lessons in Film Appreciation
349:habilitation in the context of
300:Outline of a Theory of Practice
4551:Science and technology studies
2711:Two-step flow of communication
1202:Uses and gratifications theory
684:There are two universities in
432:uses and gratifications theory
1:
4798:Betteridge's law of headlines
1743:10.1080/10304312.2016.1265096
1671:Andrews, Ernest, ed. (2018).
1565:Huang, Xiaowei (2019-08-07).
1391:(1st ed.). McGraw-Hill.
1313:Explorations in Media Ecology
1274:Lambert, Bruce (1993-07-25).
893:emerged as a leading figure.
650:University of Western Ontario
5317:Social aspects of television
5217:Social media use in politics
4862:Missing white woman syndrome
3624:Text and conversation theory
2660:Social aspects of television
2493:mediastudies.as.virginia.edu
2362:10.1371/journal.pone.0233660
1854:Gray, Mary L. (2015-04-01).
1675:. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
1182:Social aspects of television
887:Islamia University Bahwalpur
775:Erasmus University Rotterdam
540:Australian Capital Territory
4823:Least objectionable program
1940:Australian Research Council
1920:Australian Research Council
1118:Market for loyalties theory
1081:City University of New York
471:in the early 1960s, and in
258:"the medium is the message"
5391:
5163:Algorithmic radicalization
1571:Review of European Studies
1481:Key Themes in Media Theory
1383:McLuhan, Marshall (1964).
454:Media studies in education
208:
5277:Cultural impact of TikTok
4735:
4635:
4036:
3978:
3635:
3457:
2148:NZ Ministry of Education
1818:(1) – via ProQuest.
1197:Transparency (humanities)
1015:, science fiction writer
857:; Communication Studies,
277:Empire and Communications
235:Father of media studies,
5349:Violence and video games
5327:Social impact of YouTube
5207:Knowledge gap hypothesis
5130:Social-desirability bias
5023:Informationâaction ratio
3582:Nonviolent communication
3512:History of communication
3409:Society of the Spectacle
2804:Structural functionalism
2209:Crisell, Andrew (2002).
1873:10.1177/2056305115578683
1782:10.1177/1461444810365313
1325:10.1386/eme.10.3-4.313_1
945:and, more broadly, from
839:Screen and Media Studies
504:University of Queensland
370:Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann
327:Medienkulturwissenschaft
211:History of media studies
5302:Mass shooting contagion
4750:Evolutionary psychology
4239:international relations
3577:Nonverbal communication
3567:Models of communication
3290:Influence of mass media
3095:Narcotizing dysfunction
2627:Influence of mass media
2282:(inactive 2024-09-11).
2089:(in French). 2021-05-31
1944:Government of Australia
1924:Government of Australia
1803:Parikka, Jussi (2020).
1770:New Media & Society
1221:Webster, Frank (1995).
1177:Narcotizing dysfunction
1167:Media-system dependency
1137:tetrad of media effects
807:VU University Amsterdam
791:University of Groningen
787:University of Amsterdam
672:(feminist theory), and
500:University of Melbourne
484:Government of Australia
480:Australian universities
291:, who wrote books like
64:more precise citations.
5292:Fascination with death
5155:Political polarization
5083:Availability heuristic
5048:Television consumption
4566:Quantum social science
2951:Freedom of information
2280:10.23943/9780691184975
2063:www.gotouniversity.com
1866:(1): 205630511557868.
1860:Social Media + Society
1620:30-348 KrakĂłw (2019).
1423:Technology and Culture
1079:has collaborated with
1040:University of Virginia
963:
927:University of Fribourg
851:University of Auckland
696:which has campuses in
562:at a secondary level.
521:Reflections of Reality
239:
128:communication sciences
100:
5255:Criticism of Facebook
5135:Social influence bias
5018:Information pollution
5008:Information explosion
4991:Texting while driving
4947:Low information voter
4845:Pink-slime journalism
4603:Other categorizations
4456:International studies
4441:History of technology
4376:Communication studies
4259:public administration
3729:Mediated cross-border
3451:Communication studies
3338:Exploitation of women
2517:broadcastingcable.com
2414:10.1215/9780822386278
2268:Taylor, T. L (2018).
1477:Laughey, Dan (2007).
1417:Megan Mullen (2008).
1225:. London: Routledge.
1172:Mediatization (media)
1094:Anthropology of media
1023:, and media scholars
1001:communication studies
951:
879:University of Karachi
843:University of Waikato
803:University of Utrecht
750:Kolkata, and others.
525:The Box in the Corner
366:Communication Studies
234:
209:Further information:
132:communication studies
114:; in particular, the
95:
5272:Criticism of Netflix
5078:Availability cascade
5013:Information overload
4922:Attention management
4917:Attention inequality
4813:Human-interest story
4755:Behavioral modernity
4740:Cognitive psychology
4436:Historical sociology
3664:Communication theory
3659:Communication design
1626:Zeszyty Prasoznawcze
1584:10.5539/res.v11n3p45
1108:time- and space-bias
1027:(a CMS co-founder),
923:University of Lugano
891:University of Gujrat
795:University of Twente
748:Brainware University
731:Medienwissenschaften
5185:Post-truth politics
5115:Mean world syndrome
4616:Geisteswissenschaft
4610:Behavioral sciences
4536:Political sociology
4451:Information science
4396:Development studies
3384:Advanced capitalism
3070:Cult of personality
2984:Advanced capitalism
2405:Television after TV
2353:2020PLoSO..1533660G
2125:"Mission Statement"
2106:Jan-Martin Wiarda:
1435:10.1353/tech.0.0239
859:University of Otago
646:Carleton University
568:Production Planning
402:Polish Language Act
98:landing on the Moon
4998:Influence-for-hire
4976:Media multitasking
4971:Human multitasking
4889:Tabloid television
4840:Media manipulation
4671:Society portal
4158:auxiliary sciences
3694:Discourse analysis
3619:Telecommunications
3562:Meta-communication
3305:Semiotic democracy
3229:Civil disobedience
3141:Media manipulation
3131:Crowd manipulation
3054:Tabloid journalism
2968:Media transparency
2946:Media independence
2860:24-hour news cycle
2783:Television studies
2706:Semiotic democracy
2701:Opinion leadership
2632:Mass communication
1280:The New York Times
1147:Media echo chamber
1128:Mass communication
1070:Radford University
1044:Siva Vaidhyanathan
1033:digital humanities
997:Mass communication
947:literary criticism
783:Tilburg University
779:Radboud University
644:In 1945 and 1946,
635:School of Montreal
544:Northern Territory
478:Today, almost all
475:in the mid 1960s.
240:
199:information theory
120:mass communication
101:
5357:
5356:
5180:Fake news website
5140:Spiral of silence
5093:Confirmation bias
4912:Attention economy
4894:Yellow journalism
4782:Social psychology
4691:
4690:
4531:Political economy
4526:Political ecology
4381:Community studies
4371:Cognitive science
4334:Interdisciplinary
4234:Political science
3996:
3995:
3417:
3416:
3343:Freedom of speech
3161:Theodor W. Adorno
3149:
3148:
3136:Managing the news
2956:Freedom of speech
2936:Media development
2900:News broadcasting
2880:Independent media
2865:Alternative media
2812:
2811:
2745:Notable academics
2423:978-0-8223-3383-8
2289:978-0-691-18497-5
1985:Carleton Newsroom
1840:978-1-4106-1877-1
1682:978-3-319-70925-3
1510:, August 2, 1998.
1492:978-0-335-21814-1
1366:978-1-265-20924-7
895:Bahria University
855:Massey University
853:; Media Studies,
845:; Media Studies,
829:Media studies in
799:Roosevelt Academy
670:Carrie Rentschler
556:Western Australia
488:Monash University
473:secondary schools
167:political economy
163:political science
90:
89:
82:
16:(Redirected from
5382:
5202:Knowledge divide
5098:Crowd psychology
5088:Bandwagon effect
4855:Public relations
4772:Media psychology
4718:
4711:
4704:
4695:
4679:
4669:
4668:
4655:
4654:
4643:
4642:
4546:Regional science
4391:Cultural studies
4366:Business studies
4023:
4016:
4009:
4000:
3986:
3985:
3641:
3592:Public relations
3487:Biocommunication
3444:
3437:
3430:
3421:
3389:Culture industry
3358:Social influence
3311:The Lonely Crowd
3254:Political satire
3219:Call-out culture
3196:Jacques RanciĂšre
3191:Marshall McLuhan
3166:Jean Baudrillard
3110:Viral phenomenon
3044:Public relations
3017:
2890:Mainstream media
2875:Electronic media
2839:
2832:
2825:
2816:
2799:Media psychology
2767:Bernard Berelson
2762:Robert K. Merton
2728:The Lonely Crowd
2676:Culture industry
2669:Notable theories
2620:General concepts
2606:
2599:
2592:
2583:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2519:. Archived from
2509:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2437:
2428:
2427:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2382:
2364:
2346:
2322:
2316:
2315:
2309:
2301:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2190:studies.unifr.ch
2182:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2121:
2115:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2055:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2011:. Archived from
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1953:
1947:
1933:
1927:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1900:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1875:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1809:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1765:
1756:
1755:
1745:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1702:. Archived from
1696:
1687:
1686:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1651:
1643:
1641:
1616:
1605:
1604:
1586:
1562:
1551:
1550:
1518:
1512:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1484:
1474:
1455:
1454:
1414:
1403:
1402:
1390:
1380:
1371:
1370:
1352:
1337:
1336:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1271:
1262:
1261:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1218:
1162:Media psychology
1077:Brooklyn College
1025:William Uricchio
1019:, games scholar
955:Leeds University
637:and its founder
627:Marshall McLuhan
595:Screen Education
554:, Victoria, and
444:context collapse
378:Lutz Hachmeister
343:
254:Marshall McLuhan
237:Marshall McLuhan
225:Marshall McLuhan
147:digital rhetoric
139:cultural studies
85:
78:
74:
71:
65:
60:this article by
51:inline citations
38:
37:
30:
21:
5390:
5389:
5385:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5380:
5379:
5360:
5359:
5358:
5353:
5238:
5153:
5144:
5120:Negativity bias
5068:
5059:
5028:One weird trick
4942:Cognitive miser
4898:
4791:Media practices
4786:
4731:
4722:
4692:
4687:
4663:
4631:
4598:
4582:
4556:Science studies
4340:Administration
4329:
4055:
4032:
4030:Social sciences
4027:
3997:
3992:
3974:
3763:
3642:
3633:
3480:
3478:
3471:
3453:
3448:
3418:
3413:
3399:Media franchise
3372:
3316:
3278:
3234:Culture jamming
3200:
3186:Walter Lippmann
3145:
3114:
3058:
3008:
2972:
2963:Media pluralism
2924:
2848:
2843:
2813:
2808:
2787:
2771:
2752:Paul Lazarsfeld
2740:
2735:The Power Elite
2715:
2691:Media democracy
2664:
2615:
2610:
2566:
2561:
2560:
2551:
2549:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2526:
2524:
2523:on 11 June 2010
2513:"David Verklin"
2511:
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2497:
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2486:
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2439:
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2431:
2424:
2401:
2400:
2396:
2337:(5): e0233660.
2324:
2323:
2319:
2302:
2290:
2267:
2266:
2262:
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2250:
2248:
2233:
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2221:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2194:
2192:
2184:
2183:
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2168:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2147:
2143:
2134:
2132:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2114:, 19. May 2005.
2105:
2101:
2092:
2090:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2067:
2065:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2043:
2041:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2018:
2016:
2015:on 30 July 2015
2003:
2002:
1998:
1989:
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1272:
1265:
1258:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1233:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1090:
1029:Edward Schiappa
994:
935:
907:
871:
827:
760:
740:
728:
719:
710:
682:
674:François Cooren
639:James R. Taylor
603:
560:New South Wales
552:South Australia
461:
456:
428:
410:
397:
368:. Pioneered by
337:
312:
289:Pierre Bourdieu
285:
256:suggested that
250:
245:
213:
207:
155:literary theory
86:
75:
69:
66:
56:Please help to
55:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5388:
5386:
5378:
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5341:
5340:
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5329:
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5319:
5314:
5309:
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5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
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5269:
5268:
5267:
5262:
5252:
5246:
5244:
5243:Related topics
5240:
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5209:
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5199:
5194:
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5187:
5177:
5172:
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5170:
5159:
5157:
5150:Digital divide
5146:
5145:
5143:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5111:
5110:
5105:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5074:
5072:
5065:Cognitive bias
5061:
5060:
5058:
5057:
5055:Sticky content
5052:
5051:
5050:
5045:
5043:Binge-watching
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4994:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4968:
4963:
4962:
4961:
4954:Digital zombie
4951:
4950:
4949:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4927:Attention span
4924:
4919:
4914:
4908:
4906:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4880:
4879:
4872:Sensationalism
4869:
4864:
4859:
4858:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4837:
4832:
4831:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4818:Junk food news
4815:
4805:
4800:
4794:
4792:
4788:
4787:
4785:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
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4757:
4747:
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4723:
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4706:
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4516:
4511:
4503:
4502:
4501:
4499:social science
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4431:Global studies
4428:
4426:Gender studies
4423:
4418:
4417:
4416:
4411:
4409:social science
4405:Environmental
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
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4197:
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4155:
4145:
4144:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4104:macroeconomics
4101:
4099:microeconomics
4091:
4090:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4053:
4048:
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4034:
4033:
4028:
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4018:
4011:
4003:
3994:
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3991:
3990:
3979:
3976:
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3972:
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3957:
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3932:
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3907:
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3897:
3892:
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3882:
3877:
3872:
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3862:
3857:
3852:
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3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3734:Organizational
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3684:Cross-cultural
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3650:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3636:
3634:
3632:
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3616:
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3614:
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3599:
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3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3532:Intrapersonal
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3483:
3481:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3469:
3464:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3447:
3446:
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3432:
3424:
3415:
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3401:
3396:
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3365:
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3355:
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3340:
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3324:
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3318:
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3307:
3302:
3297:
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3286:
3284:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3224:Cancel culture
3221:
3216:
3210:
3208:
3206:Counterculture
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3171:Edward Bernays
3168:
3163:
3157:
3155:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3126:Catch and kill
3122:
3120:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3107:
3105:Sensationalism
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3029:
3023:
3021:
3014:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2994:Bipartisanship
2991:
2989:American Dream
2986:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2953:
2943:
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2923:
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2917:
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2877:
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2862:
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2854:
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2819:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2779:
2777:
2776:Subdisciplines
2773:
2772:
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2742:
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2739:
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2723:
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2717:
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2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2657:
2655:Public opinion
2652:
2651:New literacies
2649:
2647:Media literacy
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2573:
2565:
2564:External links
2562:
2559:
2558:
2534:
2504:
2480:
2456:
2429:
2422:
2394:
2317:
2288:
2260:
2246:
2226:
2219:
2201:
2177:
2153:
2141:
2116:
2099:
2074:
2050:
2026:
1996:
1972:
1948:
1928:
1908:
1887:
1846:
1839:
1821:
1795:
1776:(1): 114â133.
1757:
1736:(2): 163â176.
1716:
1688:
1681:
1663:
1606:
1552:
1533:(4): 375â401.
1513:
1498:
1491:
1456:
1429:(1): 175â186.
1404:
1397:
1372:
1365:
1338:
1319:(3): 313â333.
1299:
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1206:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
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1164:
1159:
1157:Media literacy
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1101:
1096:
1089:
1086:
1066:Linda Williams
1062:Mary Ann Doane
1052:had professor
993:
990:
966:James Halloran
939:United Kingdom
934:
933:United Kingdom
931:
906:
903:
870:
867:
826:
823:
759:
756:
739:
736:
727:
724:
718:
715:
709:
708:Czech Republic
706:
681:
678:
602:
599:
460:
457:
455:
452:
427:
424:
409:
408:United Kingdom
406:
396:
393:
311:
308:
284:
281:
249:
246:
244:
241:
206:
203:
88:
87:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
18:Media theorist
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5387:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5370:Media studies
5368:
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5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5338:
5335:
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5330:
5328:
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5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5257:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5250:Computer rage
5248:
5247:
5245:
5241:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5222:United States
5220:
5219:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5197:Filter bubble
5195:
5191:
5190:United States
5188:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5169:
5166:
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5147:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5125:Peer pressure
5123:
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5109:
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5019:
5016:
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5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4973:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4966:Doomscrolling
4964:
4960:
4957:
4956:
4955:
4952:
4948:
4945:
4944:
4943:
4940:
4938:
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4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4793:
4789:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4777:Media studies
4775:
4773:
4770:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4734:
4730:
4729:human factors
4726:
4719:
4714:
4712:
4707:
4705:
4700:
4699:
4696:
4684:
4683:
4678:
4674:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4660:
4659:
4650:
4648:
4647:
4638:
4637:
4634:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4622:Human science
4620:
4618:
4617:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4595:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4585:
4579:
4578:Vegan studies
4576:
4574:
4571:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4558:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4541:Public health
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4475:Philosophies
4474:
4472:
4471:Media studies
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4446:Human ecology
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4356:Anthrozoology
4354:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4332:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4296:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4281:developmental
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4268:
4267:
4264:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4254:public policy
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4205:legal systems
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4200:legal history
4198:
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4195:jurisprudence
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3724:Media studies
3722:
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3714:International
3712:
3710:
3707:
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3700:
3699:Environmental
3697:
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3689:Developmental
3687:
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3669:Communicology
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3568:
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3558:
3557:Media ecology
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3527:Interpersonal
3525:
3523:
3522:Intercultural
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3497:Communication
3495:
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3331:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3319:
3313:
3312:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3300:Mediatization
3298:
3296:
3295:Media studies
3293:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3275:
3274:Strike action
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3239:Demonstration
3237:
3235:
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3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
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3034:
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3030:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3015:
3011:
3005:
3004:Pensée unique
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
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2987:
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2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
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2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2870:Digital media
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2846:Media culture
2840:
2835:
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2828:
2826:
2821:
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2817:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
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2730:
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2725:
2724:
2722:
2720:Notable works
2718:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2696:Mediatization
2694:
2692:
2689:
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2682:
2679:
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2674:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2642:Media ecology
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2613:Media studies
2607:
2602:
2600:
2595:
2593:
2588:
2587:
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2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
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2264:
2261:
2249:
2247:9781446204948
2243:
2239:
2238:
2230:
2227:
2222:
2220:0-415-24792-6
2216:
2212:
2205:
2202:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2167:
2163:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2145:
2142:
2131:. 2 June 2011
2130:
2126:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2103:
2100:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2075:
2064:
2060:
2054:
2051:
2040:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1986:
1982:
1976:
1973:
1962:
1958:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1912:
1909:
1904:
1901:. Melbourne:
1897:
1891:
1888:
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1865:
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1720:
1717:
1706:on 2016-03-05
1705:
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1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
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1413:
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1409:
1405:
1400:
1398:0-262-63159-8
1394:
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1259:
1257:0-674-55956-8
1253:
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1234:
1232:0-415-10574-9
1228:
1224:
1217:
1214:
1207:
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1178:
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1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1152:Media ecology
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1142:Media culture
1140:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
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1114:
1111:
1109:
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1097:
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1087:
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1063:
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1051:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1009:Henry Jenkins
1005:
1002:
998:
992:United States
991:
989:
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982:
980:
976:
972:
967:
962:
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948:
944:
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932:
930:
928:
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920:
916:
912:
904:
902:
900:
899:Pakistan Navy
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
868:
866:
862:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
835:film industry
832:
824:
822:
818:
814:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
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776:
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749:
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737:
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723:
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714:
707:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
679:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
662:Brian Massumi
658:
655:
651:
647:
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
600:
598:
596:
592:
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581:
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569:
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561:
557:
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541:
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522:
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489:
485:
481:
476:
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466:
458:
453:
451:
447:
445:
441:
436:
433:
426:United States
425:
423:
421:
417:
415:
407:
405:
403:
394:
392:
390:
386:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
362:
360:
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352:
347:
341:
336:
330:
328:
324:
319:
317:
309:
307:
303:
301:
296:
294:
293:On Television
290:
282:
280:
278:
275:In his book,
273:
269:
265:
263:
262:media ecology
259:
255:
247:
242:
238:
233:
229:
226:
221:
218:
212:
204:
202:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
183:social theory
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
135:
133:
129:
125:
124:communication
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
104:Media studies
99:
94:
84:
81:
73:
70:November 2021
63:
59:
53:
52:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
5344:Technophobia
5332:Technophilia
5175:Echo chamber
5033:Rage farming
4808:Infotainment
4776:
4680:
4656:
4644:
4614:
4470:
4421:Food studies
4361:Area studies
4114:mathematical
4109:econometrics
4067:Anthropology
3723:
3507:Conversation
3492:Broadcasting
3404:Post-Fordism
3394:Mass society
3363:Transparency
3309:
3294:
3176:Noam Chomsky
3154:Philosophers
3100:Recuperation
3085:Media circus
3075:Dumbing down
2941:Media policy
2915:Social media
2733:
2726:
2681:Echo chamber
2637:Mass society
2612:
2550:. Retrieved
2546:
2537:
2525:. Retrieved
2521:the original
2516:
2507:
2496:. Retrieved
2492:
2483:
2472:. Retrieved
2468:
2459:
2448:. Retrieved
2444:
2404:
2397:
2334:
2330:
2320:
2270:
2263:
2251:. Retrieved
2236:
2229:
2210:
2204:
2193:. Retrieved
2189:
2180:
2169:. Retrieved
2165:
2156:
2144:
2133:. Retrieved
2128:
2119:
2111:
2102:
2091:. Retrieved
2086:
2077:
2066:. Retrieved
2062:
2053:
2042:. Retrieved
2038:
2029:
2017:. Retrieved
2013:the original
2008:
1999:
1988:. Retrieved
1984:
1975:
1964:. Retrieved
1960:
1951:
1935:
1931:
1915:
1911:
1890:
1863:
1859:
1849:
1830:
1824:
1815:
1811:
1798:
1773:
1769:
1733:
1729:
1719:
1708:. Retrieved
1704:the original
1672:
1666:
1648:cite journal
1632:(2): 15â32.
1629:
1625:
1574:
1570:
1530:
1526:
1516:
1507:
1501:
1480:
1426:
1422:
1386:
1356:
1316:
1312:
1302:
1291:. Retrieved
1279:
1248:Media Events
1247:
1241:
1222:
1216:
1075:
1048:
1037:
1021:T. L. Taylor
1017:Joe Haldeman
1006:
995:
983:
964:
959:polytechnics
952:
936:
908:
872:
863:
828:
819:
815:
772:
761:
741:
730:
729:
720:
711:
683:
659:
643:
623:Harold Innis
619:anthropology
604:
594:
590:
588:
564:
537:
532:
528:
524:
520:
512:
477:
469:universities
462:
448:
437:
429:
418:
411:
398:
388:
385:Wissenschaft
384:
382:
363:
358:
354:
350:
345:
335:Gertrud Koch
331:
326:
320:
313:
304:
299:
297:
292:
286:
276:
274:
270:
266:
251:
222:
214:
179:anthropology
136:
103:
102:
76:
67:
48:
5108:Moral panic
5038:Screen time
4867:News values
4803:Gatekeeping
4745:Externality
4682:Wikiversity
4573:Social work
4461:Linguistics
4386:Criminology
4303:criminology
4286:personality
4244:comparative
4222:Linguistics
4215:private law
4072:archaeology
3654:Closed-loop
3517:Information
3479:terminology
3283:In academia
3269:Review bomb
3090:Media event
3027:Advertising
2999:Consumerism
2920:State media
2547:www.nyc.gov
2253:24 November
2108:Medien-was?
1961:fims.uwo.ca
1905:. May 2015.
1099:Fan studies
1054:Mark Poster
911:Switzerland
905:Switzerland
831:New Zealand
825:New Zealand
764:Netherlands
758:Netherlands
666:Kim Sawchuk
597:magazines.
580:print media
576:photography
420:Stuart Hall
351:Germanistik
338: [
217:John Culkin
195:film theory
187:art history
145:(including
62:introducing
5375:Humanities
5364:Categories
5322:Social bot
5312:Sealioning
5070:Conformity
4850:Propaganda
4835:Media bias
4828:Soft media
4627:Humanities
4561:historical
4494:psychology
4466:Management
4308:demography
4266:Psychology
4249:philosophy
4210:public law
4141:integrated
3970:Wertheimer
3850:Horkheimer
3587:Propaganda
3542:Mass media
3537:Journalism
3477:Topics and
3348:Media bias
3249:Occupation
3181:Guy Debord
3063:Techniques
3032:Propaganda
2929:Principles
2905:News media
2885:Mass media
2792:Approaches
2757:Elihu Katz
2552:2020-11-10
2498:2020-11-10
2474:2020-11-10
2450:2020-11-10
2344:2002.00854
2298:1048895825
2195:2022-11-29
2171:2022-11-29
2166:www.iig.ch
2135:2022-11-30
2093:2022-11-29
2068:2022-11-29
2044:2022-11-29
2009:cuc.edu.cn
1990:2022-11-29
1966:2022-11-29
1710:2016-01-05
1293:2022-11-30
1208:References
1123:Mass media
1113:Journalism
1013:Junot Diaz
611:philosophy
584:television
548:Queensland
440:danah boyd
346:dispositif
159:psychology
151:philosophy
116:mass media
108:discipline
45:references
5003:Infodemic
4937:Clickbait
4904:Attention
4760:Cognition
4505:Planning
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3572:New media
3328:Anonymity
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2910:Old media
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2371:1932-6203
2306:cite book
1882:2056-3051
1752:1030-4312
1730:Continuum
1601:201388455
1593:1918-7181
1577:(3): 45.
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1451:109276947
1443:1097-3729
1333:1539-7785
1288:0362-4331
1187:Sociology
885:Multaan,
702:Tongxiang
615:sociology
465:Australia
459:Australia
383:The term
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171:economics
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4959:Phubbing
4877:Hot take
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4509:land use
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4126:physical
4087:physical
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3865:Jakobson
3845:Habermas
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3790:Benjamin
3768:Scholars
3377:Synonyms
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2331:PLOS ONE
2112:Die Zeit
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698:Hangzhou
648:and the
529:In Focus
143:rhetoric
5297:Griefer
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4884:Spiking
4658:Commons
4489:history
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4060:Primary
4046:History
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3960:Tankard
3955:Shannon
3950:Schramm
3935:Quebral
3930:Postman
3920:Packard
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3895:Marcuse
3890:Luhmann
3885:Lippman
3880:Kincaid
3875:Johnson
3840:Goffman
3835:Gerbner
3825:Flusser
3805:Chomsky
3785:Bateson
3780:Barthes
3749:Science
3679:Climate
3629:Writing
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3547:Meaning
3467:Outline
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3259:Protest
3214:Boycott
3080:Framing
2527:26 July
2380:7244148
2349:Bibcode
2039:escp.eu
2019:26 July
1946:), p286
1133:McLuhan
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