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327:). The second stage lasted from 1100 A.D. to 1170 A.D. when many smaller churches were built and renovated. During this time, the style became more detailed and ornamental. Identifying these latter churches is made difficult due to something called the Saxo-Norman overlap, where many Anglo-Saxon aspects are present in the
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and examples are found in every part of the continent. The term was not contemporary with the art it describes, but rather, is an invention of modern scholarship based on its similarity to Roman
Architecture in forms and materials. Romanesque is characterized by a use of round or slightly pointed
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rulers. Motifs of Roman origin were common to Norman and Anglo-Saxon architectural styles. Though usually classed broadly as "Romanesque", the period of architecture can now be divided into two stages. The first stage from 1070 A.D. to 1100 A.D. saw the style emerge during the rebuilding of many
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The pre-Romanesque period of medieval architecture lasted from the beginning of the Middle Ages (around 500AD) to the emergence of the
Romanesque style in the 10th century. Much of the notable architecture from the period comes from France and Germany, under the
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provide the most notable remaining non-religious examples of medieval architecture. Windows gained a cross-shape for more than decorative purposes, they provided a perfect fit for a
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While much of the surviving medieval architecture is either religious or military, examples of civic and even domestic architecture can be found throughout Europe. Examples include
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373:. Verticality is emphasized in Gothic architecture, which features almost skeletal stone structures with great expanses of glass, pared-down wall surfaces supported by external
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The spread of
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and military fortifications, examples of civic and domestic architecture can be found throughout Europe, including in
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Artistic Justification in the Early and Mid-Twelfth Century,"
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shape, ribbed stone vaults, clustered columns, pinnacles and sharply pointed spires. Windows contain
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Photographs and Plans of
Crusader, Armenian and Byzantine Architecture in Turkey
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Surviving examples of medieval secular architecture mainly served for defense.
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great churches, Full boxes, and monasteries (surviving examples include the
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marked the end of the medieval period, when architects began to favour
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plan, common in medieval ecclesiastical architecture, takes the Roman
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as its primary model with subsequent developments. It consists of a
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strongly inspired by
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is identified as 12th century based on its shallow and flat
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Digital
Analysis of Vaults in English Medieval Architecture
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to safely shoot invaders from inside. Crenellated walls (
755:"Building the House of God: Architectural Metaphor and
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forms. While most surviving medieval constructions are
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243:, originally a palace, built in the pre-Romanesque
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
817:Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians
750:An Introduction to English Mediaeval Architecture
810:The Cambridge History of Religious Architecture
799:Radical Art History: Internationale Anthologie,
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773:Banister Fletcher's a History of Architecture
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761:Codex Aquilarensis: Revista de arte medieval
535:Romanesque secular and domestic architecture
638:Architecture of the Tarnovo Artistic School
156:art of designing and constructing buildings
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555:and bridges, but also residential houses.
694:List of medieval stone bridges in Germany
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
539:Gothic secular and domestic architecture
363:12th century abbey church of Saint-Denis
131:
710:
794:, London: Taylor & Francis (2021).
162:. Major styles of the period include
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801:ed. Wolfgang Kersten (1997) 398–410.
58:adding citations to reliable sources
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1850:Decline of the Western Roman Empire
787:Hillson, J., Buchanan, A., Webb, N
231:Pre-Romanesque art and architecture
27:Architecture during the Middle Ages
1942:Growth of the Eastern Roman Empire
699:List of medieval bridges in France
649:Medieval Scandinavian architecture
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2372:Historiography in the Middle Ages
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752:, London: Faber and Faber, 1951.
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1870:Christianity in the Middle Ages
1865:Decline of Hellenistic religion
45:needs additional citations for
2148:Crisis of the late Middle Ages
464:influenced or commissioned by
1:
2322:Disability in the Middle Ages
1995:Rise of the Republic of Genoa
1927:Rise of the Venetian Republic
1122:Anatolian Seljuk architecture
689:Medieval Serbian architecture
830:The stave churches in Norway
812:, ed. Stephen Murray (2016).
721:Medieval Church Architecture
718:Cannon, Jon (10 July 2014).
454:stands at the east end (see
784:. Cf. Part Two, Chapter 13.
678:Russian church architecture
674:Architecture of Kievan Rus'
389:, showing stories from the
300:Roman Imperial architecture
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2123:Rise of the Ottoman Empire
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2050:Mongol invasion of Europe
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590:Czech Gothic architecture
2005:Investiture Controversy
1975:Second Bulgarian Empire
887:History of construction
871:History of architecture
596:Romanesque architecture
430:Cistercian architecture
294:Romanesque architecture
241:Santa MarĂa del Naranco
69:"Medieval architecture"
2362:Post-classical history
2118:Fall of Constantinople
2025:Capet–Plantagenet feud
1892:First Bulgarian Empire
882:Architectural timeline
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613:Byzantine architecture
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418:Religious architecture
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325:Peterborough Cathedral
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2431:Medieval architecture
1424:America and Australia
1044:Medieval Scandinavian
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602:Austrian Walled Towns
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480:Military architecture
428:Further information:
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333:The Church at Kilpeck
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152:Medieval architecture
135:
2342:Medieval reenactment
2138:Renaissance Humanism
2045:Medieval Warm Period
2015:Republic of Florence
1829:European Middle Ages
1666:Critical regionalism
769:; Cruickshank, Dan,
54:improve this article
2055:Kingdom of Portugal
1922:Old Church Slavonic
1907:Anglo-Saxon England
1605:Stripped Classicism
1580:International style
1563:Rationalist-Fascist
1212:Portuguese Colonial
962:Pre-Islamic Persian
424:Church architecture
413:, Normandy, France.
353:Gothic architecture
214:Magister lathomorum
2236:In popular culture
2201:Crusading movement
2073:Hundred Years' War
1932:Civitas Schinesghe
1917:Carolingian Empire
1902:Kingdom of Croatia
1855:Barbarian kingdoms
1610:Postconstructivism
1553:Streamline Moderne
819:78 (2019) 259–275.
767:Fletcher, Banister
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529:Civic architecture
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393:and from lives of
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2327:Basic topics list
2128:Swiss mercenaries
2078:Wars of the Roses
1985:Kingdom of Poland
1970:Holy Roman Empire
1837:Early Middle Ages
1795:
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457:Cathedral diagram
411:Mont Saint-Michel
375:flying buttresses
321:Norwich Cathedral
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16:(Redirected from
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2347:Medieval studies
2191:Church and State
2065:Late Middle Ages
1957:High Middle Ages
1875:Christianization
1845:Migration Period
1822:
1815:
1808:
1799:
1687:Deconstructivism
1446:Spanish Colonial
1207:Spanish Colonial
1107:Western Chalukya
915:Ancient Egyptian
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618:Bulgarian Empire
607:Byzantine Empire
317:Durham Cathedral
282:First Romanesque
145:Durham Cathedral
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1965:Norman Conquest
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1548:New Objectivity
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1337:Russo-Byzantine
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1037:Islamic Persian
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71: –
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65:Find sources:
59:
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49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2181:Architecture
2180:
2153:Great Famine
2143:Universities
2083:Hussite Wars
2000:Great Schism
1887:Papal States
1755:Mesoamerican
1702:Contemporary
1680:2000–present
1671:Neo-futurism
1651:Blobitecture
1478:Modern Style
1394:Neoclassical
1142:Indo-Islamic
1117:Great Seljuk
1102:Vijayanagara
996:East Slavic
910:Mesopotamian
816:
809:
805:
798:
790:
770:
760:
756:
749:
720:
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658:Turku Castle
584:Brick Gothic
545:manor houses
542:
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341:corbel table
305:
297:
258:Carolingians
254:Merovingians
250:
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188:manor houses
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2410:WikiProject
2337:Medievalism
2176:Agriculture
2040:Manorialism
2035:Communalism
2030:Monasticism
1947:Reconquista
1937:Kievan Rus'
1615:PWA Moderne
1501:Rationalism
1463:Art Nouveau
1451:Territorial
1431:Renaissance
1415:Queen Anne
1288:Elizabethan
1181:Plateresque
1176:Renaissance
1159:Sondergotik
1054:Carolingian
1000:Kievan Rus'
643:Scandinavia
523:battlements
519:crossbowman
505:Tower house
474:Greek cross
436:Latin cross
367:Saint-Denis
339:, emphatic
312:Plantagenet
176:Renaissance
160:Middle Ages
2332:Land terms
2286:Technology
2266:Philosophy
2246:Literature
2211:Demography
1912:Viking Age
1772:Portuguese
1646:Postmodern
1595:Organicism
1483:Modernisme
1468:Jugendstil
1327:Revivalism
1315:Industrial
1298:Portuguese
1072:Romanesque
967:Achaemenid
705:References
668:Kievan Rus
600:See also:
553:almshouses
549:town halls
533:See also:
462:cathedrals
450:, and the
381:using the
377:, pointed
343:and apse.
337:buttresses
288:Romanesque
196:almshouses
192:town halls
168:Romanesque
138:Romanesque
80:newspapers
2317:Dark Ages
2226:Household
2221:Hastilude
1990:Feudalism
1733:Dravidian
1692:Neomodern
1656:High-tech
1636:Brutalism
1629:1950–2000
1573:Stalinist
1506:Mycenaean
1494:1900–1950
1332:Byzantine
1308:Ukrainian
1293:Naryshkin
1258:Edwardian
1231:1750–1900
1202:Palladian
1197:Manueline
1190:1500–1750
1065:1000–1500
1005:Muscovite
992:Byzantine
940:Classical
928:Mycenaean
905:Neolithic
627:Baba Vida
466:Justinian
460:). Also,
448:transepts
401:Functions
262:Ottonians
180:classical
2425:Category
2400:Category
2367:Timeline
2256:Minstrel
2251:Medicine
2133:Chivalry
2088:Burgundy
2010:Crusades
1745:Japanese
1723:Colonial
1711:Regional
1661:Arcology
1600:Art Deco
1590:Futurism
1533:De Stijl
1436:Romanian
1354:Egyptian
1349:Colonial
1303:Siberian
1113:Islamic
1082:Ottonian
1077:Galician
987:Sasanian
955:Herodian
935:Etruscan
683:See also
631:Bulgaria
493:Slovakia
440:basilica
323:and the
270:Asturias
260:and the
256:and the
245:Asturian
184:churches
154:was the
2310:Related
2296:Warfare
2291:Theatre
2281:Slavery
2276:Science
2231:Hunting
2196:Cuisine
2169:Culture
2108:Castile
2103:England
1782:Spanish
1777:Russian
1718:Chinese
1538:Bauhaus
1441:Russian
1419:Britain
1401:Moorish
1384:Baroque
1374:Mission
1320:British
1283:Petrine
1278:Maltese
1273:Italian
1263:English
1238:Baroque
1137:Ottoman
1132:Timurid
1097:Hoysala
1093:Indian
1032:Fatimid
1027:Abbasid
1022:Moorish
1017:Umayyad
1012:Islamic
919:Aegean
662:Finland
559:Regions
511:Castles
369:, near
329:masonry
308:Angevin
274:Croatia
200:bridges
158:in the
94:scholar
2390:Portal
2271:Poetry
2098:France
1787:Somali
1767:Newari
1750:Korean
1728:Indian
1620:Googie
1526:Cubism
1511:Modern
1411:Pueblo
1389:Rococo
1359:Gothic
1268:French
1243:Andean
1217:Mughal
1154:Gothic
1127:Mamluk
1087:Norman
923:Minoan
780:
763:(2016)
728:
577:Poland
501:Castle
395:saints
379:arches
347:Gothic
276:, and
266:Iberia
247:style.
220:Styles
206:Guilds
174:. The
172:Gothic
170:, and
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2301:Women
2261:Music
2216:Domes
2206:Dance
2093:Milan
1738:Hindu
1456:Tudor
1364:Mayan
1253:Dutch
1248:Czech
1171:Aztec
1166:Incan
452:altar
391:Bible
383:ogive
371:Paris
101:JSTOR
87:books
1760:Maya
1568:Nazi
1222:Sikh
778:ISBN
771:Sir
726:ISBN
676:and
537:and
513:and
503:and
444:nave
434:The
310:and
141:nave
73:news
2186:Art
897:BCE
808:,"
575:in
491:in
365:in
272:),
143:of
56:by
2427::
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117:(
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108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
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