198:
179:
54:
132:
156:
Food production has changed since
Stauder's time. The single most obvious change is that people are now living in permanent settlements. Livestock was not traditionally raised, but many Majangir have begun small scale livestock raising since about 1980. In addition, they have begun planting fruit and
164:
The
Majangir traditionally had a very egalitarian society, with no standing political leaders (Stauder 1971, 1972). The only people in official positions were people in the role of "tapad" (final implosive d), who served as ritual leaders. These were from the Meelanir clan, a group has links with
152:
keepers, collecting honey from hives consisting of hollowed logs placed in trees. They did some hunting and snaring of game and trapping of fish. They raised the bulk of their own food by farming, animals providing only a small part of their diet.
115:
cluster. The 1998 census gave the total of the
Majangir population as 15,341, but since they live scattered in the hills in dispersed settlements (Stauder 1971), their actual total number is undoubtedly much higher. They live around cities of
225:. In addition, they play a vertically suspended marimba with as few as three wooden bars, but this is seen as a way of passing time, especially when guarding fields, rather than an instrument for music.
231:
Changes are happening rapidly to their traditional way of life. Since about 1971, many
Majangir have become Christians (Hoekstra 2003 and Sato 2002). Further, since the end of the
547:
213:
The
Majangir have traditionally used a number of musical instruments, sometimes to accompany singing and sometimes played without. Their instruments include a five-string
487:, M. Lionel Bender, ed., pp. 97–127. (Nilo-Saharan: Linguistic Analyses and Documentation, vol. 3. Series editor Franz Rottland.) Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag.
168:
In case of a serious disagreement, one party would simply move away. There was no standard social reconciliation mechanism as is found in highland
Ethiopian cultures.
403:
Sato, Ren'ya. 2000. "Ethiopian
Decentralization and a Peripheral People : A Dispute Over Regional Borders and the Disruption of a Certain Development Project,"
396:
Sato, Ren'ya, 1997b. "Formation of
Historical Consciousness among the Majangir : A Preliminary View with an Analysis of a narrative on the Majangir History,"
148:
They traditionally lived in small groups, farming for three to five years, then moving on as the fertility of the soil diminished (Stauder 1971). They were active
235:
in 1991, with its subsequent remapping of
Ethiopia by ethnic lines, the Majangir have felt very marginalized politically, their territory now divided among three
382:
Sato, Ren'ya. 1995. "Seasonal Labor
Allocation and Diversification Strategy of Sweden Agricultural System: A Report from the Majangir, Southwest Ethiopia,"
421:
Sato, Ren'ya. 2003. Settlement dynamics of shifting cultivators, with special references to social factors of settlement abandonment. In H. Ishihara, ed.,
431:
Sato, Ren'ya. 2007. Dynamics of subsistence and reproduction among the Majangir. 16th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies. Trondheim, Norway.
228:
Their vocal music includes singing of both harmonies and antiphonal parts. Often, this results in two parts being sung by women and two parts by men.
540:
315:
p. 49. Ficquet, Éloi, and Dereje Feyissa. 2015. Ethiopians in the twenty-first century: the structure and transformation of the population.
244:
Currently, many outsiders are buying or leasing land from the Majang area. "This has led to the pauperization of the Majang and the looming
171:
The Majangir have over 70 clans, with clan identity passed down through the male line. A person cannot marry a person from the same clan (
519:
379:
Joswig, Andreas. "Syntactic sensitivity and preferred clause structure in Majang." Nilo-Saharan: models and descriptions (2015): 169-176.
241:
or administrative Regions (Sato 2000 and 2002). This frustration has led to some armed fighting with the government (Vaughan 2003:268).
462:
Teramoto Y., Sato R., and Ueda S. 2005. "Characteristics of fermentation yeast isolated from traditional Ethiopian honey wine, ogol."
1035:
533:
451:
Tasew, Bayleyegn. "The Mythically Modelled Human–Environment Tradition of the Maǧaŋgir Society, South-Western Ethiopia." In
415:
984:
455:: Edited by Alexander Meckelburg, Sophia Dege-Müller, and Dirk Bustorf, 307–26. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2018.
994:
248:
of the massive deforestation of the Majang forest, part of south-west Ethiopia’s dwindling tropical rain-forest."
556:
511:
Unseth, Peter and Jon Abbink. 1998. "Cross-ethnic Clan Identities Among Surmic Groups: The Case of the Mela," in
389:
Sato, Ren'ya, 1997a. "Christianization through Villagization: Experiences of Social Change among the Majangir,"
356:
343:
1030:
368:
Nilotic Studies: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Languages and History of the Nilotic Peoples
291:'road'. In addition, two tones also distinguish meaning, on both the word level and the grammatical level:
875:
272:
has shown that dialect variation from north to south is minor and does not seriously impede communication
245:
283:(Bender 1983). There are seven vowels, and length of duration of the vowel is also distinctive, such as
1009:
989:
671:
564:
418:, Donald L. Donham, Eisei Kurimoto, and Allesandro Triulzi, pp. 185–197. Oxford: James Currey Ltd.
1004:
85:
373:
Hoekstra, Harvey. 2003. From "knotted strings" to talking Bibles. Pasadena: William Carey Library.
338:
197:
721:
276:
236:
232:
861:
999:
573:
280:
681:
432:
265:
206:
490:
Unseth, Peter. 1998a. "Notes on Clan, Kinship, and Marriage Patterns Among the Majangir," in
943:
768:
738:
601:
376:
Joswig, Andreas. LOT. The Majang Language. Netherlands Graduate School of Linguistics, 2019.
332:
186:
The Majangir traditionally made two kinds of alcoholic drink: one from grain "tááján" (cf.
888:
846:
631:
269:
257:
108:
69:
175:), nor should they marry a person from their mother's clan (Stauder 1971, Unseth 1998a).
317:
Understanding Contemporary Ethiopia Monarchy, Revolution and the Legacy of Meles Zenawi.
903:
851:
786:
694:
363:, pp. 114–47. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University, African Studies Center.
125:
117:
1024:
743:
733:
716:
689:
666:
656:
646:
621:
591:
410:
Sato, Ren'ya. 2002. "Evangelical Christianity and ethnic consciousness in Majangir."
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968:
963:
958:
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641:
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121:
81:
444:
Stauder, Jack. 1972. "Anarchy and Ecology: Political Society among the Majangir".
938:
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806:
776:
709:
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586:
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similar-named privileged clans in other Surmic groups (Unseth and Abbink 1998).
391:
Ethiopia in Broader Perspective: Papers of 13th International Ethiopian Studies
370:, Rainer Vossen and Marianne Bechhaus-Gerst, 524–555. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer.
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758:
596:
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Tuno, Nobuko. 2001. Mushroom utilization by the Majangir, an Ethiopian tribe.
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456:
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748:
525:
508:, edited by Siegbert Uhlig, vol. 3, p. 629. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
222:
104:
17:
661:
476:
Unseth, Peter. 1988. "Majang Nominal Plurals: With Comparative Notes,"
172:
261:
158:
112:
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cluster, however it is the most isolated language in that cluster (
355:
Bender, M. Lionel, 1983. "Majang Phonology and Morphology," in M.
196:
187:
177:
130:
439:
The Majangir: Ecology and Society of a Southwest Ethiopian People
214:
529:
191:
149:
497:
Unseth, Peter. 1998b. "Two Old Causative Affixes in Surmic,"
161:
trees, plants that take a number of years to produce a crop.
182:
Title page of the New Testament in the Majang language, 2018
515:, ed. by Gerrit Dimmendaal, pp. 103–112. Köln: Köppe.
501:, ed. by Gerrit Dimmendaal, pp. 113–126. Köln: Köppe.
494:, ed. by Gerrit Dimmendaal, pp. 145–178. Köln: Köppe.
977:
874:
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75:
63:
45:
35:
427:Noson Kukan no Kenyu) 1, 346–363. Tokyo: Taimedo.
522:" Doctoral dissertation, University of Edinburgh.
483:Unseth, Peter. 1989. "Sketch of Majang Syntax,"
366:Fleming, Harold, 1983. "Surmic etymologies" in
541:
504:Unseth, Peter. 2007. "Majangir ethnography".
8:
30:
569:
548:
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526:
457:http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvcm4fb5.17
344:Traditional Majang story on origin of fire
333:Map showing approximate Majangir locations
29:
308:
412:Remapping Ethiopia Socialism and After
441:. London: Cambridge University Press.
120:, Mett'i, and scattered southwest of
7:
453:Oral Traditions in Ethiopian Studies
446:Southwestern Journal of Anthropology
46:Regions with significant populations
485:Topics in Nilo-Saharan Linguistics
339:Traditional Majang trickster story
190:) and one from honey "ògòòl" (cf.
25:
279:(bilabial and retroflex), but no
520:Ethnicity and Power in Ethiopia.
464:African Journal of Biotechnology
319:, pp. 15-62. Hurst Publications.
52:
478:Studies in African Linguistics
1:
513:Surmic Languages and Cultures
499:Surmic Languages and Cultures
492:Surmic Languages and Cultures
423:Studies of Agricultural Space
398:Swahili & African Studies
361:Nilo-Saharan Language Studies
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466:, 4 (2), pp. 160–163.
194:; Teramoto et al., 2005).
1036:Ethnic groups in Ethiopia
557:Ethnic groups in Ethiopia
205:mallet and wedge made of
80:
68:
50:
40:
506:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica
299:(lower tone) 'abscess'.
518:Vaughan, Sarah. 2003. "
448:28.2, pp. 153–168.
109:a Nilo-Saharan language
103:, live in southwestern
246:environmental disaster
210:
183:
140:
437:Stauder, Jack. 1971.
295:(higher tone) 'cow',
200:
181:
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277:implosive consonants
86:Traditional religion
722:Soddo Gurage people
281:ejective consonants
233:Ethiopian Civil War
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287:'punishment' and
275:The language has
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258:Majangir language
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16:(Redirected from
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260:is part of the
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5:
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978:Non-Indigenous
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41:11,000 (2007)
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876:Nilo-Saharan
727:Chebo people
705:Beta Abraham
565:Afro-Asiatic
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473:15(2):78-79.
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135:Traditional
124:and towards
122:Mizan Teferi
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98:
94:
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82:Christianity
27:Ethnic group
710:Falash Mura
700:Beta Israel
480:19.1:75-91.
433:draft paper
416:Wendy James
219:thumb piano
1025:Categories
471:Mycologist
303:References
268:1983). A
139:instrument
107:and speak
1010:Jamaicans
954:Shanqella
944:Nyangatom
852:Wolaitans
602:Daasanach
359:, (ed.),
64:Languages
18:Mezhenger
1005:Italians
990:Armenian
847:Shinasha
749:Tigrayan
632:Kambaata
574:Cushitic
407:30 12-15
393:, vol.2.
252:Language
223:panflute
105:Ethiopia
100:Majangir
76:Religion
59:Ethiopia
31:Majangir
995:Chinese
904:Kichepo
787:Basketo
695:Argobba
682:Semitic
662:Somalis
173:exogamy
144:Culture
126:Gambela
111:of the
1000:Greeks
919:Majang
769:Omotic
744:Wolane
739:Silt'e
734:Harari
717:Gurage
690:Amhara
667:Tsamai
657:Sidama
647:Qemant
622:Hadiya
592:Arbore
285:goopan
262:Surmic
159:coffee
113:Surmic
70:Majang
57:
969:Tirma
964:Surma
959:Shita
949:Shabo
934:Mursi
929:Murle
924:Mekan
914:Kwegu
909:Kwama
899:Gumuz
894:Berta
884:Anuak
862:Zayse
857:Yemsa
842:Maale
837:Koore
832:Konta
827:Hamar
812:Dorze
802:Dawro
797:Chara
792:Bench
782:Banna
754:Werji
672:Weyto
642:Oromo
637:Konso
617:Gedeo
612:Gabra
607:Danta
289:gopan
238:kalil
209:wood.
203:powaz
188:tella
97:, or
939:Nuer
889:Bare
822:Gofa
817:Gamo
807:Dizi
777:Aari
652:Saho
627:Irob
587:Agaw
582:Afar
256:The
215:lyre
137:toom
118:Tepi
93:The
759:Zay
597:Awi
297:tàŋ
293:táŋ
192:tej
150:bee
1027::
217:,
128:.
84:,
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425:(
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20:)
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