69:
205:, he successfully moved the major pro-European resolution, noting however that the then-EEC, in which decisions were taken by "a secret cabal", must be made more democratic. National sovereignty, he argued, would "die away as a European democracy of widely diffused power was created and exercised at all levels" in "a close political union of the people of Europe".
27:
299:, a magazine calling for democratic regional government. This later developed into the Campaign for the North, an all-party group pressing for devolution for the English regions; as well as Scotland and Wales, with Steed as chairman and Temperton as director, using funding from the Rowntree Trust.
186:
over a number of issues. In particular, Steed and his colleagues felt that "the party must shift attention away from personalities to a wide-ranging debate about ideology, principles and policies". He contributed several articles to the radical monthly,
146:, a post he held for many years until taking early retirement through ill health. As a psephologist, he became a specialist in the detailed analysis of election results from a sociological point of view, for many years providing media such as
154:
with texts making such complexities as "percentage swing" accessible to the lay reader. In the late-1960s and throughout the 1970s, he made regular television appearances on "election night" programmes, often at the side of
284:, serving on its executive committee and for a time as its treasurer. During a period of time when there was still great hostility to gay rights, he spoke out at public meetings, including an acrimonious one in
208:
Steed consistently called for wide-ranging constitutional reform, including devolution all round, with elected regional governments, a more proportional election system, and the abolition of a
248:
1347:
163:
devised by David Butler. Steed was to develop a more complex formula for calculating swing, sometimes known among psephologists as "Steed swing" to differentiate it from "Butler swing".
1332:
1312:
1307:
690:
228:
244:
908:
217:
1352:
530:(with John Curtice) "Electoral Choice and The Production of Government: The Changing Operation of the Electoral System in the United Kingdom since 1955", in
1367:
1327:
322:. He has also been Senior Research Fellow of the Federal Trust. He was a trustee of the Canterbury Commemoration Society, and a Vice-President of the
198:, and his study of parties and elections soon came to embrace continental as well as UK politics. In 1969, he called for a common European currency.
48:
35:
775:
170:, was responsible for the statistical analysis in David Butler's regular Nuffield election studies entitled "The British General Election of ....".
247:, where the Conservative candidate Christopher Horne pushed him into third place. In the 1979 European elections, he was the Liberal candidate for
1342:
1317:
264:
260:
236:
209:
765:
727:
623:
595:
497:
479:
465:
240:
127:
104:
1337:
281:
213:
879:. Anderson, Bryce; Arblaster, Anthony; Austin, Dennis; Bulpitt, Jim; Dodd, C. H. (Clement Henry); Evans, Michael. Manchester.
1279:
884:
713:
665:
567:
397:
383:
274:
156:
100:
292:. This meeting has come to be seen as a watershed in the emergence of a national grassroots gay rights movement in Britain.
1241:
490:
From
Warrington and Croydon to Downing St.: How to sort out the psephological details of a Liberal-Social Democrat alliance
1227:
James Lewis, "Crying halt to South-east oligarchy: Northern grass roots movement seeks an end to 'over-centralisation'",
1322:
40:
1362:
131:
323:
1133:
312:
232:
123:
1357:
688:) "And now for the Commons? Lessons from Britain's first experience with proportional representation", in
588:
One in four: An examination of the
Alliance performance at constituency level in the 1983 general election
84:
504:
First past the post: The great
British class handicap sponsored by Margaret Thatcher and the Labour Party
143:
797:
1302:
1297:
330:
112:
182:
which in the late-1960s and 1970s found itself at odds with the parliamentary party and then-leader
902:
319:
179:
1255:
1079:
741:
699:
679:
609:
553:
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1065:
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252:
444:
Fair elections or fiasco?: Proposals for a sensible voting system for the
European Parliament
647:
288:
in 1971 over the proposed establishment of a gay club, at which he shared the platform with
270:
In 1976, Steed designed the new system for the election of the Leader of the
Liberal Party.
202:
160:
119:
68:
212:'s right to dissolve Parliament on a whim. This last objective was finally achieved by the
1137:
628:(with John Curtice) "Proportionality and Exaggeration in the British Electoral System" in
311:, where he was active in local Liberal Democrat politics. In July 2008, he was elected to
616:
Representatives of the People? Parliamentarians and
Constituencies in Western Democracies
934:
E.g. "The Night of the
Machines: Clive James on the BBC's great election spectacular",
758:
256:
1291:
849:
651:
224:
183:
685:
485:
195:
167:
80:
658:
PR for Europe: Proposals to change the electoral system of the
European Parliament
191:. For a time, he was an elected member of the Liberal Party's national executive.
456:(with S.E. Finer) "Politics of Great Britain" in Roy C. Macridis et al. (eds.),
378:(Royal Commission on Local Government), New Society Publications, London, 1970,
289:
108:
308:
1051:
See e.g. Michael Steed, "Changing the rules of the general election game",
560:
Democracy and elections: Electoral systems and their political consequences
318:
Steed was
Honorary Lecturer in Politics and International Relations at the
26:
960:
David McKie, "A man with a franchise to unlock the secret of the ballot",
894:
511:
438:
355:
637:
590:, Association of Liberal Councillors, Hebden Bridge, W. Yorkshire, 1984.
581:
525:
718:(with John Curtice and Stephen Fisher) "An Analysis of the Results", in
451:
410:
285:
390:
Greater
Manchester votes: a guide to the new metropolitan authorities
87:
politician. He wrote extensively on political parties and elections.
1130:
722:(Ed. Butler and Westlake), Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2005,
295:
In 1975, with his former CHE colleague Paul Temperton, he founded
67:
973:"Liberal calls to end 'slanging': Leader will face his critics",
921:
E.g. Peter Pulzer and Michael Steed, "What your votes foretell",
646:, Volume 5, Issue 4, Supplement 1, October 1986, Pages S91-S103,
618:, Gower, Aldershot, 1985. European Centre for Political Studies.
166:
From 1964 to 2005, Steed, latterly in conjunction with Professor
1214:
John Chartres, "Northern campaign against 'London chauvinism'",
96:
999:
E.g. Michael Steed, "De Gaulle no longer a 'national' leader",
604:, vol. 25, Routledge (for the McDougall Trust), London, 1985.
107:. In 1960, the South African authorities refused him entry to
20:
326:, and was a Trustee of the Arthur McDougall Fund until 2017.
118:
From 1963 to 1965, Steed undertook postgraduate research at
947:
Richard Rose, "The Nuffield election studies come of age",
159:
who popularised the "swingometer" based on the concept of
134:. He became national Vice-Chairman of the Young Liberals.
446:, National Committee for Electoral Reform, London, 1977.
822:"Not allowed in Sharpeville: Cambridge student barred",
558:"The European Parliament" in Bogdanor and Butler (eds),
544:"The Formation of Governments in the United Kingdom" in
460:, (4th edn), Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1978.
336:
Michael Steed died on 30 August 2023, at the age of 83.
178:
Steed was a leading member of the "radical" wing of the
1105:
John Chartres, "Domestic issues dominate by-election",
223:
Steed stood as the Liberal Party candidate at the 1967
736:, vol. 41, Routledge (for the McDougall Trust), 2005,
674:, vol. 36, Routledge (for the McDougall Trust), 1999,
243:. For the February 1974 general election, he stood at
1242:"Social Liberal Forum announce newly elected Council"
492:, North West Community Newspapers, Manchester, 1981.
405:, North West Community Newspapers, Manchester, 1975,
1201:"Growing concern in North at devolution proposals",
642:"The core—periphery dimension of British politics",
99:, where his father was a farmer. He was educated at
1131:"David Boothroyd's United Kingdom Election Results"
600:"Dr Reece and the proportional loss hypothesis" in
360:"Voting in Cities: The 1964 Borough Elections", in
1149:"As Thorpe storm rises Steel says 'I'm staying'",
329:In 2012, Steed was elected to the Council of the
83:, political scientist, broadcaster, activist and
79:(25 January 1940 – 30 August 2023) was a British
1348:People educated at St Lawrence College, Ramsgate
1080:"Dissolution and Calling of Parliament Act 2022"
708:, Tauris (for the Federal Trust), London, 2002,
691:Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties
142:In 1966, Steed became Lecturer in Government at
720:British Politicians and European Elections 2004
706:Choice and Representation in The European Union
280:For many years, he was a leading light in the
218:Dissolution and Calling of Parliament Act 2022
670:"Will devolution change British parties?" in
632:vol. 5, No 3, Butterworths, Guildford, 1986.
614:"The Constituency" in Vernon Bogdanor (ed.),
534:, vol. 12, Cambridge University Press, 1982.
95:Michael Steed was born on 25 January 1940 in
8:
835:"Young Liberals protest to Home Secretary",
307:In retirement, Steed returned to his native
1333:Liberal Party (UK) parliamentary candidates
1313:Alumni of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge
350:, National League of Young Liberals, 1964.
986:"Renewed challenge to Thorpe leadership",
907:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
747:
520:, vol. 35, Oxford University Press, 1982.
364:, 5, no. 3 (1968): 351–352. Sage, London.
1308:Academics of the University of Manchester
1244:. Social Liberal Forum. 9 September 2012.
470:"The Liberal Party" in H. Drucker (ed.),
415:"Parties in the European Parliament", in
263:, he was the Liberal Party candidate for
429:(with Ralph Bancroft and Ben Sawbridge)
388:(with David M Clark and Sally Marshall)
374:(with Bryan Keith-Lucas and Peter Hall)
126:. At the same time he was active in the
51:of all important aspects of the article.
789:
572:"The Alliance: A critical history", in
900:
576:vol. 22 No 3, Prism, Guildford, 1983.
111:to deliver food aid to victims of the
47:Please consider expanding the lead to
7:
1353:Presidents of the Liberal Party (UK)
548:, Blackwell, Oxford, vol. 54, 1983.
532:British Journal of Political Science
231:by-election, in which he pushed the
216:, only for it to be repealed by the
1016:, London, 20 September 1969, p. 15.
251:, where he was defeated by veteran
239:, he was the party's candidate for
1368:Alumni of Nuffield College, Oxford
1328:Liberal Democrats (UK) councillors
14:
1175:"Tempers fly at 'club' meeting",
1121:, London, 14 February 1974, p. 7.
1066:"Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011"
951:, London, 27 October 1966, p. 13.
105:Corpus Christi College, Cambridge
1205:, London, 4 November 1976, p. 4.
458:Modern Political Systems: Europe
417:Journal of Common Market Studies
346:(with Dan Mateer and Jon Steel)
282:Campaign for Homosexual Equality
25:
1218:, London, 30 August 1977, p. 3.
1025:"Common Market poll rejected",
660:, Federal Trust, London, 1997,
516:"Voters, Parties and Money" in
431:Self-government for the British
214:Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011
130:, particularly on the issue of
39:may be too short to adequately
1092:"Liberal choice is lecturer",
766:President of the Liberal Party
275:President of the Liberal Party
101:St. Lawrence College, Ramsgate
49:provide an accessible overview
16:British politician (1940–2023)
1:
1343:English LGBT rights activists
1109:, London, 14 June 1973, p. 3.
977:, London, 17 June 1968, p. 2.
644:Political Geography Quarterly
1318:British political scientists
1188:"Power to the North urged",
1029:, London, 18 September 1971.
990:, London, 15 September 1969.
652:10.1016/0260-9827(86)90060-1
174:Political activity and views
1042:, 18 September 1971, p. 23.
1003:, London, 23 December 1965.
804:. London. 16 September 2023
474:, Macmillan, London, 1979.
194:Steed was always an ardent
1384:
1162:"Next Liberal president",
403:Who's a Liberal in Europe?
1256:"Michael Steed 1940–2023"
877:Participation in politics
826:, London, 23 August 1960.
772:
763:
755:
750:
419:, vol. 15, Oxford, 1976.
235:into third place. At the
227:by-election and the 1973
132:apartheid in South Africa
1038:"Goal of unity in EEC",
1012:"Flexible pound urged",
964:, London, 15 April 1988.
925:, London, 12 April 1964.
839:, London, 30 March 1964.
798:"Michael Steed obituary"
751:Party political offices
732:"Defining Democracy" in
433:, Prism, Watford, 1976.
324:Electoral Reform Society
249:Greater Manchester North
91:Education and early life
1338:English gay politicians
1153:, London, 7 March 1976.
1136:9 February 2008 at the
1096:, London, 8 April 1967.
875:Parry, Geraint (1972).
506:, LAGER, London, 1981.
313:Canterbury City Council
1280:Michael Steed obituary
1260:Liberal Democrat Voice
1231:, London, 23 May 1978.
1055:, 19 June 1975, p. 14.
73:
656:(with Raymond Plant)
518:Parliamentary Affairs
261:1983 general election
237:1970 general election
144:Manchester University
113:Sharpeville shootings
71:
704:(with Roger Morgan)
586:(with John Curtice)
331:Social Liberal Forum
1323:Councillors in Kent
562:, Cambridge, 1983,
546:Political Quarterly
502:(with David Faull)
472:Multi-Party Britain
392:, Stockport, 1973,
229:Manchester Exchange
1192:, 7 February 1975.
938:, 13 October 1974.
630:Electoral Studies,
320:University of Kent
273:Steed was elected
245:Manchester Central
74:
1166:, 7 October 1977.
782:
781:
773:Succeeded by
694:, vol. 10, 2000,
348:Charter for Youth
297:Northern Democrat
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290:Ray Gosling
255:politician
189:New Outlook
109:Sharpeville
1292:Categories
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856:. May 2011
785:References
770:1978–1979
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666:0901573663
568:0521252954
398:0950293202
384:0900438010
303:Retirement
1216:The Times
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1040:The Times
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259:. At the
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