123:
3263:
3985:
1467:
2423:
549:
also has features indicative of a fruit-rich diet, but these features are less pronounced than in its older sister species. This has been interpreted as a presumed consequence of less specialisation on a particular diet, giving this species a morphological proximity to the more primitive, much older,
568:. Later, the climate in this region changed and the forests became thinner and drier. The cause of these changes was probably tectonic processes, which also had a local influence on the extent of precipitation. For the excavation sites on Maboko Island, detailed studies of the
524:
for a genus of primates existing over several million years whose species could be documented in chronological succession. However, it cannot be concluded from this sequence that the younger species evolved from the older one. The preserved remains of
474:
based on several mandibular fragments with preserved large molars and on the basis of the characteristics of these teeth, but at the same time it was distinguished from the type species because of the spatial and temporal distance.
495:
4050:
416:
by the characteristics of its dentition and its small size. Furthermore, in the initial description of the genus and type species, it was pointed out that the
4184:
4117:
4037:
541:, such as relatively small molars in relation to the jawbone and very large incisors compared to the molars; features that overall suggest a
762:
4230:
122:
2175:
478:
In 2021, as part of a revision of the small-bodied anthropoids from Kenyan sites, some finds placed since 1982 with
3262:
755:
3984:
3020:
2838:
2245:
4005:
2299:
2003:
1384:
425:
327:
491:
4197:
4143:
4076:
3085:
2769:
2711:
2649:
378:, and three large molars (M1 - M3) on the right side. In addition, about 20 individually found teeth, a
1466:
3489:
3183:
2676:
2642:
2578:
2319:
2067:
1805:
1682:
1630:
686:
417:
3200:
2808:
2422:
1750:
1394:
1284:
1152:
1018:
882:
720:
Revision of the smaller-bodied anthropoids from Napak, early
Miocene, Uganda: 2011-2020 collections.
4225:
3762:
3143:
2858:
2704:
2690:
2521:
2340:
2285:
1696:
1660:
1540:
1275:
1145:
1096:
976:
748:
581:
394:
3065:
2793:
2023:
1852:
1421:
1404:
1180:
1032:
1025:
1004:
905:
572:
have shown that open, sparsely forested landscapes existed there in the Middle
Miocene with dense
3405:
2970:
2595:
2585:
2535:
2215:
2131:
1777:
1377:
1291:
1131:
1110:
990:
983:
947:
940:
933:
912:
898:
117:
4202:
4148:
4081:
2697:
2077:
1969:
1862:
1689:
1159:
1138:
1124:
1067:
1060:
969:
731:
2683:
1842:
1250:
1236:
1187:
1103:
1086:
1039:
997:
926:
891:
428:, which are only about 35 centimetres tall, and is slightly smaller than that of the fossil of
4130:
4063:
4055:
2984:
2960:
2633:
1945:
1257:
1222:
1166:
1074:
1053:
1011:
871:
727:
4135:
4068:
1616:
1530:
1298:
1264:
1229:
1201:
1173:
3892:
3536:
3429:
3112:
2895:
2831:
2801:
2738:
1825:
1741:
1675:
1586:
1243:
1194:
694:
648:
534:
3815:
3784:
3776:
3660:
3560:
3415:
3385:
3002:
2848:
2785:
2615:
2565:
2551:
2544:
2498:
2292:
2087:
1757:
1710:
1644:
959:
711:
619:
615:
434:
287:
631:
690:
514:, it was discussed that there is no other example in East Africa in the Miocene besides
374:. Also preserved in the upper jaw are three left large molars (M1 - M3), as well as one
3941:
3902:
3833:
3690:
3680:
3650:
3627:
3617:
3607:
3519:
3468:
3453:
3438:
3375:
3354:
3344:
3011:
2991:
2606:
2333:
2310:
1768:
715:
573:
516:
400:
323:
561:
and western Kenya were predominantly covered by forests, fostered by a warm and humid
4219:
3920:
3755:
3746:
3475:
3395:
3365:
3207:
3173:
3105:
3027:
2977:
2936:
2915:
2514:
2195:
2158:
2114:
2107:
2057:
2033:
1653:
1576:
1343:
698:
554:
553:
An explanation for these different characteristics can be found if one considers the
530:
463:
459:
69:
502:. The holotype is a largely preserved dentate mandible (archive number KNM CA 380).
3952:
3881:
3792:
3769:
3717:
3700:
3670:
3512:
3460:
3314:
3095:
3048:
2953:
2888:
2878:
2868:
2778:
2660:
2622:
2507:
2354:
2347:
2255:
1993:
1979:
1912:
1791:
1561:
1519:
1317:
856:
412:
406:
355:
303:
4175:
4108:
382:
fragment and fragments of a skull dome from the same locality were designated as
3858:
3041:
2922:
2905:
2669:
2275:
2185:
2050:
2013:
1933:
1872:
1593:
1046:
499:
295:
44:
4028:
470:, dating from 16 to 15 million years ago. This species was placed in the genus
3334:
3126:
2453:
2440:
2390:
2326:
2265:
2168:
2151:
2043:
1986:
1959:
1922:
1892:
1882:
1607:
1333:
1215:
919:
864:
816:
771:
577:
538:
204:
184:
89:
54:
3803:
3733:
3707:
3576:
3526:
3163:
3153:
3076:
2929:
2819:
2718:
2484:
2238:
2141:
1355:
1117:
833:
542:
366:, which is approximately 19 to 17 million years old, with largely preserved
363:
134:
94:
38:
654:
4169:
4102:
4022:
3869:
3845:
3638:
3597:
3543:
3482:
3055:
2205:
2098:
1798:
1723:
1623:
1208:
848:
789:
644:
New Fossil Apes from Egypt and the
Initial Differentiation of Hominoidea.
562:
383:
379:
375:
291:
154:
84:
79:
64:
59:
49:
4189:
4122:
4042:
3930:
3823:
3550:
3190:
3119:
2371:
2364:
2226:
2121:
1903:
1784:
1730:
1550:
1411:
1368:
801:
592:
gradually adapted to a broader diet that included harder plant fibres.
585:
565:
299:
174:
99:
74:
30:
3500:
3324:
3133:
3034:
2755:
1952:
1668:
1498:
1485:
1437:
795:
783:
558:
421:
367:
343:
194:
164:
144:
3999:
569:
467:
371:
424:
living today. The head-torso length is roughly equivalent to the
3910:
2943:
4003:
3278:
2438:
1483:
814:
744:
3293:
3280:
3230:
740:
624:
Micropithecus clarki, a small ape from the
Miocene of Uganda.
346:
of this genus are among the smallest fossil apes discovered.
420:
of the face of these fossil finds most closely resembles
342:
thus means "small ape", referring to the fact that the
446:
In 1989, a second species was attributed to the genus
3948:
3937:
3926:
3916:
3898:
3888:
3877:
3829:
3811:
3743:
3713:
3696:
3686:
3676:
3666:
3656:
3646:
3623:
3613:
3603:
3593:
3556:
3532:
3508:
3426:
3411:
3401:
3391:
3381:
3371:
3361:
3350:
3340:
3330:
3320:
3310:
3196:
3179:
3169:
3159:
3149:
3139:
3101:
3091:
3061:
2966:
2949:
2911:
2901:
2884:
2874:
2864:
2854:
2844:
2827:
2766:
2751:
2591:
2562:
2532:
2495:
2480:
2470:
2360:
2281:
2271:
2261:
2251:
2234:
2211:
2201:
2191:
2181:
2164:
2147:
2137:
2127:
2083:
2073:
2063:
2039:
2029:
2019:
2009:
1999:
1975:
1965:
1941:
1918:
1888:
1878:
1868:
1858:
1848:
1838:
1707:
1641:
1604:
1573:
1557:
1546:
1536:
1526:
1515:
1417:
1400:
1390:
1350:
1339:
1329:
829:
263:
250:
237:
4159:
4092:
4012:
3868:
3844:
3802:
3742:
3731:
3637:
3574:
3499:
3425:
3291:
3229:
3075:
3010:
3001:
2818:
2765:
2736:
2659:
2632:
2605:
2561:
2531:
2494:
2451:
2389:
2309:
2225:
2097:
1932:
1902:
1823:
1767:
1740:
1706:
1640:
1603:
1572:
1496:
1436:
1367:
1316:
1274:
1084:
957:
881:
827:
298:about 19 to 15 million years ago, during the early
726:Vol. 51, 2021, pp. 48-49, ISBN 978-3-89937-267-0.
496:List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Kenya
611:
609:
607:
605:
498:) in the area of 'Site 34' near the locality of
310:, were first scientifically described in 1978.
668:
666:
664:
662:
756:
8:
724:Münchner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen.
4000:
3850:
3739:
3586:
3582:
3303:
3299:
3288:
3275:
3226:
3007:
2744:
2570:
2463:
2459:
2448:
2435:
2386:
1831:
1715:
1508:
1504:
1493:
1480:
1322:
1313:
840:
824:
811:
763:
749:
741:
673:Harrison, Terry (1989). "A new species of
628:American Journal of Physical Anthropology.
557:: About 19 million years ago, what is now
20:
601:
588:, it was concluded, the ancestors of
432:, now considered a junior synonym of
7:
576:along the rivers, comparable to the
550:Old World monkeys from East Africa.
358:of both the genus and type species,
677:from the middle Miocene of Kenya".
630:Vol. 49, No. 4, 1978, pp. 427-440,
370:bones, and remains of bones of the
334:, "small") and πίθηκος (pronounced
14:
3983:
3261:
2421:
1465:
121:
426:white-fronted capuchin monkeys
1:
653:Vol. 205, 1965, pp. 135-139,
699:10.1016/0047-2484(89)90017-1
510:In the first description of
490:, refers to the name of the
484:Micropithecus chamtwaraensis
482:were separated from them as
246:(Fleagle & Simons, 1978)
632:doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330490402
454:. These are finds from the
4247:
4231:Prehistoric primate genera
679:Journal of Human Evolution
224:Fleagle & Simons, 1978
3980:
3853:
3589:
3585:
3306:
3302:
3287:
3274:
3259:
3225:
2747:
2573:
2466:
2462:
2447:
2434:
2419:
2385:
1834:
1718:
1511:
1507:
1492:
1479:
1462:
1325:
1312:
843:
823:
810:
778:
234:
229:
118:Scientific classification
116:
23:
16:Extinct genus of primates
4161:Micropithecus leakeyorum
590:Micropithecus leakeyorum
547:Micropithecus leakeyorum
512:Micropithecus leakeyorum
452:Micropithecus leakeyorum
392:was distinguished from
272:(Pickford et al., 2021)
350:History of description
322:, is derived from the
4198:Paleobiology Database
4144:Paleobiology Database
4077:Paleobiology Database
4094:Micropithecus clarki
655:doi:10.1038/205135a0
527:Micropithecus clarki
480:Micropithecus clarki
360:Micropithecus clarki
308:Micropithecus clarki
302:. The genus and its
3144:Paradolichopithecus
691:1989JHumE..18..537H
582:Nyika National Park
537:, but also various
492:Chamtwara Formation
458:excavation site on
2770:Victoriapithecidae
2712:Plesiopliopithecus
2650:Platodontopithecus
318:The generic name,
4213:
4212:
4131:Open Tree of Life
4064:Open Tree of Life
4006:Taxon identifiers
3997:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3727:
3726:
3570:
3569:
3270:
3269:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3221:
3220:
3217:
3216:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2634:Dionysopithecidae
2536:Propliopithecidae
2430:
2429:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2381:
2380:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1475:
1474:
1460:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1432:
1431:
1308:
1307:
642:Elwyn L. Simons:
531:original features
279:
278:
273:
268:M. chamtwaraensis
260:
247:
225:
4238:
4206:
4205:
4193:
4192:
4180:
4179:
4178:
4152:
4151:
4139:
4138:
4126:
4125:
4113:
4112:
4111:
4085:
4084:
4072:
4071:
4059:
4058:
4046:
4045:
4033:
4032:
4031:
4001:
3988:
3987:
3950:
3939:
3928:
3918:
3900:
3893:Australopithecus
3890:
3879:
3851:
3831:
3813:
3745:
3740:
3715:
3698:
3688:
3678:
3668:
3658:
3648:
3625:
3615:
3605:
3595:
3587:
3583:
3558:
3534:
3510:
3430:Dendropithecidae
3428:
3413:
3403:
3393:
3383:
3373:
3363:
3352:
3342:
3332:
3322:
3312:
3304:
3300:
3289:
3276:
3265:
3227:
3198:
3181:
3171:
3161:
3151:
3141:
3103:
3093:
3063:
3008:
2968:
2951:
2913:
2903:
2886:
2876:
2866:
2856:
2846:
2832:Cercopithecoides
2829:
2802:Victoriapithecus
2768:
2753:
2745:
2739:Cercopithecoidea
2593:
2571:
2564:
2534:
2497:
2482:
2472:
2464:
2460:
2449:
2436:
2425:
2387:
2362:
2283:
2273:
2263:
2253:
2236:
2213:
2203:
2193:
2183:
2166:
2149:
2139:
2129:
2085:
2075:
2065:
2041:
2031:
2021:
2011:
2001:
1977:
1967:
1943:
1920:
1890:
1880:
1870:
1860:
1850:
1840:
1832:
1742:Proteopithecidae
1716:
1709:
1643:
1606:
1575:
1559:
1548:
1538:
1528:
1517:
1509:
1505:
1494:
1481:
1470:
1469:
1419:
1402:
1392:
1352:
1341:
1331:
1323:
1314:
841:
831:
825:
812:
765:
758:
751:
742:
735:
709:
703:
702:
670:
657:
640:
634:
613:
539:younger features
535:Old World monkey
271:
265:
259:(Harrison, 1989)
258:
252:
245:
239:
223:
216:
126:
125:
111:
41:
29:Temporal range:
21:
4246:
4245:
4241:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4236:
4235:
4216:
4215:
4214:
4209:
4201:
4196:
4188:
4183:
4174:
4173:
4168:
4155:
4147:
4142:
4134:
4129:
4121:
4116:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4088:
4080:
4075:
4067:
4062:
4054:
4049:
4041:
4036:
4027:
4026:
4021:
4008:
3998:
3989:
3982:
3958:
3864:
3840:
3816:Chororapithecus
3798:
3785:Pierolapithecus
3777:Hispanopithecus
3736:
3723:
3661:Gigantopithecus
3633:
3579:
3566:
3561:Yuanmoupithecus
3495:
3490:Turkanapithecus
3421:
3416:Samburupithecus
3386:Nacholapithecus
3296:
3283:
3266:
3245:
3213:
3184:Procynocephalus
3071:
3003:Cercopithecinae
2997:
2849:Dolichopithecus
2814:
2786:Nsungwepithecus
2761:
2741:
2724:
2677:Barberapithecus
2655:
2643:Dionysopithecus
2628:
2616:Epipliopithecus
2601:
2579:Krishnapithecus
2566:Pliopithecoidea
2557:
2552:Propliopithecus
2545:Aegyptopithecus
2527:
2499:Oligopithecidae
2490:
2456:
2443:
2426:
2405:
2377:
2305:
2221:
2093:
2068:Proteropithecia
1928:
1898:
1828:
1811:
1806:Ucayalipithecus
1763:
1736:
1711:Parapithecoidea
1702:
1683:Myanmarpithecus
1645:Amphipithecidae
1636:
1631:Phenacopithecus
1599:
1568:
1501:
1488:
1471:
1464:
1452:
1428:
1363:
1304:
1270:
1080:
960:Anaptomorphinae
953:
877:
837:
819:
806:
774:
769:
739:
738:
712:Martin Pickford
710:
706:
672:
671:
660:
641:
637:
620:Elwyn L. Simons
616:John G. Fleagle
614:
603:
598:
574:gallery forests
543:fruit-rich diet
508:
486:; the epithet,
444:
435:Propliopithecus
352:
316:
222:
214:
120:
112:
110:
109:
108:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
36:
35:
33:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4244:
4242:
4234:
4233:
4228:
4218:
4217:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4207:
4194:
4181:
4165:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4153:
4140:
4127:
4114:
4098:
4096:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4073:
4060:
4047:
4034:
4018:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3995:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3975:
3972:
3971:
3968:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3946:
3942:Sahelanthropus
3935:
3924:
3914:
3907:
3903:Graecopithecus
3896:
3886:
3874:
3872:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3854:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3834:Nakalipithecus
3827:
3820:
3808:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3789:
3781:
3773:
3766:
3759:
3751:
3749:
3737:
3732:
3729:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3711:
3704:
3694:
3691:Lufengpithecus
3684:
3681:Khoratpithecus
3674:
3664:
3654:
3651:Ankarapithecus
3643:
3641:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3628:Ouranopithecus
3621:
3618:Nakalipithecus
3611:
3608:Graecopithecus
3601:
3590:
3580:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3554:
3547:
3540:
3530:
3523:
3516:
3505:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3469:Rangwapithecus
3465:
3457:
3454:Nyanzapithecus
3450:
3442:
3439:Dendropithecus
3434:
3432:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3409:
3399:
3389:
3379:
3376:Morotopithecus
3369:
3359:
3355:Kamoyapithecus
3348:
3345:Griphopithecus
3338:
3328:
3318:
3307:
3297:
3292:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3272:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3243:
3242:
3241:
3235:
3233:
3223:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3204:
3201:Soromandrillus
3194:
3187:
3177:
3167:
3157:
3147:
3137:
3130:
3123:
3116:
3109:
3099:
3089:
3081:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3021:Allenopithecus
3016:
3014:
3012:Cercopithecini
3005:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2992:Trachypithecus
2988:
2981:
2974:
2964:
2957:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2909:
2899:
2892:
2882:
2872:
2862:
2852:
2842:
2835:
2824:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2809:Zaltanpithecus
2805:
2798:
2790:
2782:
2774:
2772:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2759:
2748:
2742:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2665:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2646:
2638:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2619:
2611:
2609:
2607:Pliopithecidae
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2589:
2582:
2574:
2568:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2548:
2540:
2538:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2503:
2501:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2478:
2467:
2457:
2452:
2445:
2444:
2439:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2395:
2393:
2383:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2368:
2358:
2351:
2348:Leontopithecus
2344:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2315:
2313:
2311:Callitrichidae
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2296:
2289:
2279:
2269:
2259:
2249:
2242:
2231:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2209:
2199:
2189:
2179:
2172:
2162:
2155:
2145:
2135:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2103:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2091:
2081:
2071:
2061:
2054:
2047:
2037:
2027:
2017:
2007:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1973:
1963:
1956:
1949:
1938:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1926:
1916:
1908:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1886:
1876:
1866:
1856:
1846:
1835:
1829:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1802:
1795:
1788:
1781:
1773:
1771:
1769:Parapithecidae
1765:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1754:
1751:Proteopithecus
1746:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1727:
1719:
1713:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1693:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1665:
1657:
1649:
1647:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1627:
1620:
1612:
1610:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1590:
1582:
1580:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1555:
1544:
1534:
1524:
1512:
1502:
1497:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1442:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1415:
1408:
1398:
1395:Hesperotarsius
1388:
1381:
1373:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1348:
1337:
1326:
1320:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1302:
1295:
1288:
1280:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1247:
1240:
1233:
1226:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1170:
1163:
1156:
1153:Gunnelltarsius
1149:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1092:
1090:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1071:
1064:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1019:Pseudotetonius
1015:
1008:
1001:
994:
987:
980:
973:
965:
963:
955:
954:
952:
951:
944:
937:
930:
923:
916:
909:
902:
895:
887:
885:
883:Microchoerinae
879:
878:
876:
875:
868:
861:
853:
844:
838:
828:
821:
820:
815:
808:
807:
805:
804:
798:
792:
786:
779:
776:
775:
770:
768:
767:
760:
753:
745:
737:
736:
716:Brigitte Senut
704:
685:(6): 537–557.
658:
635:
600:
599:
597:
594:
529:show numerous
517:Nyanzapithecus
507:
504:
488:chamtwaraensis
443:
440:
401:Dendropithecus
351:
348:
326:Words μικρός (
315:
312:
294:that lived in
286:is an extinct
277:
276:
275:
274:
261:
248:
232:
231:
227:
226:
212:
208:
207:
202:
198:
197:
192:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
132:
128:
127:
114:
113:
105:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
42:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4243:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4204:
4199:
4195:
4191:
4186:
4182:
4177:
4171:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4150:
4145:
4141:
4137:
4132:
4128:
4124:
4119:
4115:
4110:
4104:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4083:
4078:
4074:
4070:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4039:
4035:
4030:
4024:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4015:
4014:Micropithecus
4011:
4007:
4002:
3986:
3955:
3954:
3947:
3944:
3943:
3936:
3933:
3932:
3925:
3923:
3922:
3921:Kenyanthropus
3915:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3905:
3904:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3871:
3867:
3861:
3860:
3856:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3843:
3836:
3835:
3828:
3826:
3825:
3821:
3818:
3817:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3801:
3795:
3794:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3774:
3772:
3771:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3758:
3757:
3756:Anoiapithecus
3753:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3747:Dryopithecini
3741:
3738:
3735:
3730:
3720:
3719:
3712:
3710:
3709:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3630:
3629:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3592:
3591:
3588:
3584:
3581:
3578:
3573:
3563:
3562:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3476:Rukwapithecus
3473:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3446:Micropithecus
3443:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3431:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3396:Otavipithecus
3390:
3388:
3387:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3366:Kenyapithecus
3360:
3357:
3356:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3309:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3277:
3273:
3264:
3239:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3210:
3209:
3208:Theropithecus
3205:
3203:
3202:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3174:Procercocebus
3168:
3166:
3165:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3106:Gorgopithecus
3100:
3098:
3097:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3068:
3067:
3060:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3035:Cercopithecus
3032:
3030:
3029:
3028:Allochrocebus
3025:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2989:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2978:Semnopithecus
2975:
2973:
2972:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2961:Rhinopithecus
2958:
2956:
2955:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2916:Parapresbytis
2910:
2908:
2907:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2859:Kuseracolobus
2853:
2851:
2850:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2817:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2764:
2758:
2757:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2735:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2705:Laccopithecus
2702:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2691:Egarapithecus
2688:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2560:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2522:Talahpithecus
2519:
2517:
2516:
2515:Oligopithecus
2512:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2479:
2477:
2476:
2475:Micropithecus
2469:
2468:
2465:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2437:
2433:
2424:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2359:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2196:Protopithecus
2190:
2188:
2187:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2058:Plecturocebus
2055:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2034:Miocallicebus
2028:
2026:
2025:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2008:
2006:
2005:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1822:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1697:Siamopithecus
1694:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1661:Bugtipithecus
1658:
1656:
1655:
1654:Amphipithecus
1651:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1577:Afrotarsiidae
1571:
1564:
1563:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1541:Aseanpithecus
1535:
1533:
1532:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1468:
1446:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1424:
1423:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1385:Cephalopachus
1382:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1359:
1357:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1344:Afrotarsiidae
1338:
1336:
1335:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1276:Tarkadectinae
1273:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1146:Ekwiiyemakius
1143:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1097:Ageitodendron
1094:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1007:
1006:
1002:
1000:
999:
995:
993:
992:
988:
986:
985:
981:
979:
978:
977:Anaptomorphus
974:
972:
971:
967:
966:
964:
961:
956:
950:
949:
945:
943:
942:
938:
936:
935:
931:
929:
928:
924:
922:
921:
917:
915:
914:
910:
908:
907:
903:
901:
900:
896:
894:
893:
889:
888:
886:
884:
880:
874:
873:
869:
867:
866:
862:
859:
858:
854:
851:
850:
846:
845:
842:
839:
835:
826:
822:
818:
813:
809:
803:
799:
797:
793:
791:
787:
785:
781:
780:
777:
773:
766:
761:
759:
754:
752:
747:
746:
743:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
708:
705:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
675:Micropithecus
669:
667:
665:
663:
659:
656:
652:
650:
645:
639:
636:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
612:
610:
608:
606:
602:
595:
593:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
564:
560:
556:
555:palaeoecology
551:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
523:
522:Micropithecus
519:
518:
513:
506:Palaeoecology
505:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
476:
473:
472:Micropithecus
469:
465:
464:Lake Victoria
461:
460:Maboko Island
457:
453:
449:
448:Micropithecus
442:Further finds
441:
439:
437:
436:
431:
430:Aeolopithecus
427:
423:
419:
415:
414:
409:
408:
403:
402:
397:
396:
395:Limnopithecus
391:
390:Micropithecus
387:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
349:
347:
345:
341:
340:Micropithecus
338:, "monkey").
337:
333:
329:
328:ancient Greek
325:
321:
320:Micropithecus
313:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
284:
283:Micropithecus
270:
269:
262:
257:
256:
255:M. leakeyorum
249:
244:
243:
236:
235:
233:
228:
221:
220:
219:Micropithecus
213:
210:
209:
206:
203:
200:
199:
196:
193:
190:
189:
186:
183:
180:
179:
176:
173:
170:
169:
166:
163:
160:
159:
156:
153:
150:
149:
146:
143:
140:
139:
136:
133:
130:
129:
124:
119:
115:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
40:
32:
26:
25:Micropithecus
22:
19:
4160:
4093:
4013:
3953:Paranthropus
3951:
3940:
3929:
3919:
3909:
3901:
3891:
3882:Ardipithecus
3880:
3857:
3832:
3822:
3814:
3793:Rudapithecus
3791:
3783:
3775:
3770:Dryopithecus
3768:
3761:
3754:
3718:Sivapithecus
3716:
3706:
3701:Meganthropus
3699:
3689:
3679:
3671:Indopithecus
3669:
3659:
3649:
3626:
3616:
3606:
3596:
3559:
3551:Symphalangus
3549:
3542:
3535:
3525:
3518:
3513:Bunopithecus
3511:
3488:
3481:
3474:
3467:
3461:Oreopithecus
3459:
3452:
3445:
3444:
3437:
3414:
3404:
3394:
3384:
3374:
3364:
3353:
3343:
3333:
3323:
3315:Afropithecus
3313:
3206:
3199:
3189:
3182:
3172:
3162:
3152:
3142:
3132:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3104:
3096:Dinopithecus
3094:
3084:
3066:Nanopithecus
3064:
3054:
3049:Erythrocebus
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3019:
2990:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2959:
2954:Rhinocolobus
2952:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2923:Piliocolobus
2921:
2914:
2904:
2894:
2889:Microcolobus
2887:
2879:Mesopithecus
2877:
2869:Libypithecus
2867:
2857:
2847:
2837:
2830:
2807:
2800:
2794:Prohylobates
2792:
2784:
2779:Noropithecus
2777:
2754:
2717:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2668:
2661:Crouzeliidae
2648:
2641:
2623:Pliopithecus
2621:
2614:
2594:
2584:
2577:
2550:
2543:
2520:
2513:
2508:Catopithecus
2506:
2483:
2474:
2473:
2370:
2363:
2353:
2346:
2339:
2332:
2325:
2318:
2298:
2291:
2284:
2274:
2264:
2256:Dolichocebus
2254:
2244:
2237:
2214:
2204:
2194:
2184:
2174:
2167:
2157:
2150:
2140:
2130:
2120:
2113:
2106:
2086:
2076:
2066:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2032:
2024:Mazzonicebus
2022:
2012:
2002:
1992:
1985:
1980:Cebupithecia
1978:
1968:
1958:
1951:
1946:Antillothrix
1944:
1921:
1911:
1891:
1881:
1871:
1861:
1853:Perupithecus
1851:
1841:
1804:
1797:
1792:Parapithecus
1790:
1783:
1776:
1756:
1749:
1729:
1722:
1695:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1667:
1659:
1652:
1629:
1622:
1615:
1592:
1585:
1562:Phileosimias
1560:
1549:
1539:
1529:
1520:Altiatlasius
1518:
1422:Xanthorhysis
1420:
1410:
1405:Oligotarsius
1403:
1393:
1383:
1376:
1353:
1342:
1332:
1318:Tarsiiformes
1297:
1290:
1283:
1263:
1256:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1214:
1207:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1181:Macrotarsius
1179:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1095:
1073:
1066:
1059:
1052:
1045:
1038:
1033:Strigorhysis
1031:
1026:Sphacorhysis
1024:
1017:
1010:
1005:Chlororhysis
1003:
996:
989:
982:
975:
968:
946:
939:
932:
925:
918:
911:
906:Microchoerus
904:
897:
890:
870:
863:
857:Altiatlasius
855:
847:
723:
719:
707:
682:
678:
674:
647:
643:
638:
627:
623:
589:
552:
546:
526:
521:
515:
511:
509:
487:
483:
479:
477:
471:
455:
451:
447:
445:
433:
429:
413:Pliopithecus
411:
407:Dryopithecus
405:
399:
393:
389:
388:
359:
353:
339:
335:
331:
319:
317:
307:
304:type species
282:
281:
280:
267:
266:
254:
253:
241:
240:
218:
217:
191:Infraorder:
24:
18:
3501:Hylobatidae
3191:Rungwecebus
3056:Miopithecus
3042:Chlorocebus
2971:Sawecolobus
2906:Paracolobus
2670:Anapithecus
2586:Paidopithex
2341:Leontocebus
2276:Panamacebus
2186:Paralouatta
2122:Brachyteles
2014:Insulacebus
1934:Pitheciidae
1873:Canaanimico
1826:Platyrrhini
1778:Abuqatrania
1594:Afrotarsius
1499:Simiiformes
1486:Simiiformes
1438:Simiiformes
1292:Tarkadectes
1132:Diablomomys
1111:Brontomomys
1047:Teilhardina
991:Arapahovius
984:Anemorhysis
948:Vectipithex
941:Quercyloris
934:Pseudoloris
913:Nannopithex
899:Melaneremia
580:of today's
570:plant world
456:Maboko Main
330:pronounced
296:East Africa
201:Parvorder:
195:Simiiformes
37:19–15
4226:Catarrhini
4220:Categories
3335:Equatorius
3294:Hominoidea
3281:Hominoidea
3240:see below↓
3231:Hominoidea
3127:Mandrillus
3113:Lophocebus
3086:Cercocebus
2937:Procolobus
2698:Fanchangia
2454:Catarrhini
2441:Catarrhini
2400:see below↓
2391:Catarrhini
2327:Callithrix
2266:Killikaike
2169:Mohanamico
2152:Chilecebus
2078:Soriacebus
2044:Nuciruptor
2004:Homunculus
1994:Chiropotes
1987:Cheracebus
1970:Carlocebus
1960:Callicebus
1923:Tremacebus
1893:Lagonimico
1883:Branisella
1863:Szalatavus
1690:Pondaungia
1608:Eosimiidae
1447:see below↓
1334:Archicebus
1216:Shoshonius
1160:Hemiacodon
1139:Dyseolemur
1125:Chumashius
1068:Trogolemur
1061:Tetonoides
970:Absarokius
920:Necrolemur
865:Bownomomys
817:Haplorhini
772:Haplorhini
596:References
584:. In such
578:vegetation
418:morphology
205:Catarrhini
185:Haplorhini
181:Suborder:
4176:Q47734363
4109:Q47733614
3804:Gorillini
3734:Homininae
3577:Hominidae
3527:Hylobates
3406:Proconsul
3164:Pliopapio
3154:Parapapio
3077:Papionini
2944:Pygathrix
2930:Presbytis
2820:Colobinae
2719:Pliobates
2684:Crouzelia
2485:Saadanius
2320:Callimico
2239:Acrecebus
2216:Stirtonia
2159:Lagothrix
2142:Cartelles
2088:Xenothrix
1843:Parvimico
1369:Tarsiidae
1356:Omomyidae
1251:Washakius
1237:Uintanius
1188:Nesomomys
1118:Chipetaia
1104:Asiomomys
1087:Omomyinae
1040:Tatmanius
998:Aycrossia
927:Paraloris
892:Indusomys
834:Omomyidae
782:Kingdom:
732:0177-0950
384:paratypes
364:upper jaw
242:M. clarki
141:Kingdom:
135:Eukaryota
4170:Wikidata
4103:Wikidata
4029:Q5934264
4023:Wikidata
3870:Hominina
3846:Hominini
3763:Danuvius
3639:Ponginae
3598:Buronius
3544:Nomascus
3483:Simiolus
2372:Saguinus
2334:Cebuella
2286:Patasola
2206:Solimoea
2108:Alouatta
2099:Atelidae
2051:Pithecia
1799:Qatrania
1724:Arsinoea
1624:Eosimias
1258:Wyomomys
1223:Steinius
1209:Rooneyia
1167:Jemezius
1075:Walshina
1054:Tetonius
1012:Gazinius
872:Kohatius
849:Altanius
802:Primates
796:Mammalia
790:Chordata
788:Phylum:
784:Animalia
718:et al.:
586:biotopes
563:tropical
380:mandible
376:premolar
362:, is an
356:holotype
336:píthēkos
292:primates
230:Species
175:Primates
165:Mammalia
155:Chordata
151:Phylum:
145:Animalia
131:Domain:
4190:4974752
4136:3607729
4123:4974753
4069:3607696
4056:1041131
4043:4827666
3931:Orrorin
3824:Gorilla
3520:Hoolock
2896:Nasalis
2839:Colobus
2365:Micodon
2300:Sapajus
2293:Saimiri
2227:Cebidae
2176:Oreonax
2132:Caipora
1953:Cacajao
1904:Aotidae
1785:Apidium
1758:Serapia
1731:Biretia
1617:Bahinia
1587:Afrasia
1551:Nosmips
1531:Amamria
1412:Tarsius
1378:Carlito
1299:Tarkops
1265:Yaquius
1230:Stockia
1202:Ourayia
1174:Loveina
800:Order:
794:Class:
687:Bibcode
566:climate
533:of the
422:gibbons
344:fossils
300:Miocene
211:Genus:
171:Order:
161:Class:
106:↓
31:Miocene
4203:143165
4149:143127
4082:143126
3325:Ekembo
3120:Macaca
2985:Simias
2756:Alophe
2115:Ateles
1676:Krabia
1669:Ganlea
1244:Utahia
1195:Omomys
730:
649:Nature
559:Uganda
368:palate
332:mikrós
314:Naming
4051:IRMNG
3708:Pongo
3537:Junzi
3134:Papio
2246:Cebus
1913:Aotus
1285:Tarka
494:(see
468:Kenya
372:skull
324:Greek
288:genus
4185:GBIF
4118:GBIF
4038:GBIF
3911:Homo
2596:Kapi
2355:Mico
728:ISSN
722:In:
646:In:
626:In:
618:and
520:and
500:Koru
410:and
354:The
45:PreꞒ
3859:Pan
695:doi
462:in
290:of
4222::
4200::
4187::
4172::
4146::
4133::
4120::
4105::
4079::
4066::
4053::
4040::
4025::
714:,
693:.
683:18
681:.
661:^
622::
604:^
545:.
466:,
450:,
438:.
404:,
398:,
386:.
306:,
95:Pg
39:Ma
3949:†
3945:?
3938:†
3934:?
3927:†
3917:†
3906:?
3899:†
3889:†
3885:?
3878:†
3837:?
3830:†
3819:?
3812:†
3788:?
3780:?
3744:†
3714:†
3697:†
3687:†
3677:†
3667:†
3657:†
3647:†
3624:†
3614:†
3604:†
3594:†
3557:†
3533:†
3509:†
3464:?
3449:?
3427:†
3412:†
3402:†
3392:†
3382:†
3372:†
3362:†
3358:?
3351:†
3341:†
3331:†
3321:†
3311:†
3197:†
3180:†
3170:†
3160:†
3150:†
3140:†
3102:†
3092:†
3062:†
2967:†
2950:†
2912:†
2902:†
2885:†
2875:†
2865:†
2855:†
2845:†
2828:†
2797:?
2789:?
2767:†
2752:†
2592:†
2563:†
2533:†
2496:†
2481:†
2471:†
2361:†
2282:†
2272:†
2262:†
2252:†
2235:†
2212:†
2202:†
2192:†
2182:†
2165:†
2148:†
2138:†
2128:†
2084:†
2074:†
2064:†
2040:†
2030:†
2020:†
2010:†
2000:†
1976:†
1966:†
1942:†
1919:†
1889:†
1879:†
1869:†
1859:†
1849:†
1839:†
1708:†
1664:?
1642:†
1605:†
1579:?
1574:†
1565:?
1558:†
1554:?
1547:†
1537:†
1527:†
1523:?
1516:†
1425:?
1418:†
1401:†
1391:†
1360:?
1358:"
1354:"
1351:†
1347:?
1340:†
1330:†
1089:"
1085:"
962:"
958:"
860:?
852:?
836:"
832:"
830:†
764:e
757:t
750:v
734:.
701:.
697::
689::
651:.
264:†
251:†
238:†
215:†
100:N
90:K
85:J
80:T
75:P
70:C
65:D
60:S
55:O
50:Ꞓ
34:~
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