Mindset - Knowledge (XXG)

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impact student motivation. There has also been movement towards the application of Dweck's mindset research in non-academic environments, such as the workplace. Other scholars have conducted research building on her findings. A 2018 study by Rhew et al. suggested that a growth-mindset intervention can increase the motivation of adolescent special-education participants. A 2019 study by Wang et al. suggested that substance use has adverse effects on adolescent reasoning. Developing a growth mindset in these adolescents was shown to reduce this adverse effect. These studies illustrate how educators can intervene, encouraging a growth mindset, by allowing students to see that their behavior can be changed with effort. Criticism has been directed at "growth mindset" and related research, however. Moreau et al. (2019) suggest "that overemphasizing the malleability of abilities and other traits can have negative consequences for individuals, science, and society."

317:, which can partially explain low achievement and participation by minority and female students. Boaler builds on Dweck's research to show that "gender differences in mathematics performance only existed among fixed mindset students". Boaler and Dweck say that people with growth mindsets can gain knowledge. Boaler said, "The key growth mindset message was that effort changes the brain by forming new connections, and that students control this process. The growth mindset intervention halted the students' decline in grades and started the students on a new pathway of improvement and high achievement". 441:

out of a sense of obligation and the fulfillment of duty than to seek any sort of reward. Both of these mindsets can be caused or influenced by individual disposition or by environmental stimuli. Those who are dispositionally in a promotion mindset seek to make good things happen, and situations that encourage a promotion mindset are those in which there is a promise of gain. Those with a dispositional prevention mindset believe that they need to keep bad things from happening, and situations conducive to the prevention mindset are those in which the idea of duty is emphasized.

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engaged in—the effort they applied, the strategies they used, the choices they made, the persistence they displayed, and so on—yields more long-term benefits than telling them they are 'smart' when they succeed". Teachers need to design meaningful learning activities for their students: "The teacher should portray challenges as fun and exciting, while portraying easy tasks as boring and less useful for the brain".

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writing on students' growth mindset; journaling can improve a student's conceptual knowledge and enhance the understanding of their thoughts. Dweck has identified the word "yet" as a valuable tool to assess learning. If a teacher hears students saying that they are not good at something or cannot do something, they should interject "not yet" to reinforce the idea that ability and motivation are fluid.

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1988. This review also identified some of the traditions of research and practice that are closely related to the origins and history of mindset psychology, some of which span back hundreds and thousands of years. Then, there are the lineages of research and practice that did not explicitly use the term mindset, but which bear some resemblance to it and are in some way related to this history.

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Mindset is described as shaping a person's capacity for development by being associated with passive or conditional learning, incremental or horizontal learning, and transformative or vertical learning. Mindset is also believed to influence a person's behavior, having deliberative or implemental action phases, as well as being associated with technical or adaptive approaches to leadership.

298:, a personality trait combining determination and perseverance, is related to a growth mindset. Keown and Bourke discussed the importance of a growth mindset and grit. Their 2019 study found that people with lower economic status had a greater chance of success if they had a growth mindset and were willing to work through tribulation. 366:: an evolution of the fixed and growth mindsets. The benefit mindset describes society's leaders, who promote individual and collective well-being: people who discover their strengths to contribute to causes greater than the self. They question why they do what they do, positioning their actions within a purposeful context. 256:(MBTI) measures psychological functions which, paired with social attitudes, combine to generate personality types that may be evaluated by exploring individual preferences. Maruyama's mindscape theory measures individuals on a scale of characteristics and places them into one of four personality categories. 431:

The deliberative mindset has been recognized as important for coming to conclusions in order to make a well-planned goal, but it has negative consequences for goal striving once a goal is already in place. On the other hand, the implemental mindset helps people to focus their behavior in a particular

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during the 1980s, organizations observed that executive effectiveness did not necessarily translate cross-culturally. A global mindset emerged as an explanation. Cross-cultural leaders were hypothesized to need an additional skill, ability, or proficiency (a global mindset) to be effective regardless

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The promotion and prevention mindsets are motivational orientations that are focused on the outcomes or consequences of behavior. People with a promotion mindset focus on achievement and accomplishment. Those with a prevention mindset pay closer attention to avoiding negative outcomes. They act more

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People with an abundance mindset believe that there are enough resources for everyone, and see the glass as half-full; those with a scarcity mindset believe that there is a limited number of resources, and see the glass as half-empty. Mehta and Zhu found that an "abundance mindset makes people think

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Much research in education focuses on a student's ability to adopt a growth mindset, and less attention is paid to teachers' mindsets and their influence on students. Hattie writes, "Differing mindsets, or assumptions, that teachers possess about themselves and their students play a significant role

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People with a fixed mindset believe that "intelligence is static", and little can be done to improve ability. Feedback is seen as "evaluation of their underlying ability" and success is seen as a result of this ability, not any effort expended. Failure is intimidating, since it "suggests constraints

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refers to a person who "values uncertainty in the marketplace and seeks to continuously identify opportunities with the potential to lead to important innovations". An institution with an entrepreneurial philosophy will have entrepreneurial goals and strategies. It fosters an entrepreneurial milieu,

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More broadly, scholars have found that mindset is associated with a range of functional effects in different areas of people's lives. This includes influencing a person's capacity for perception by functioning like a filter, a frame of reference, a meaning-making system, and a pattern of perception.

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After someone narrows down their options and makes a commitment to follow a particular path, they will have an implemental mindset. People with an implemental mindset are less open to alternative courses of action because they have already decided what they are going to do and now focus more energy

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Follow up research after the release of her book has led Dweck to be quoted as saying "Nobody has a growth mindset in everything all the time." along with the acknowledgement of the reality of the false growth mindset, and the truer growth mindset. One of Dweck's concerns being that educators were

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Dweck's research on growth and fixed mindsets is useful in intervening with at-risk students, dispelling negative stereotypes in education held by teachers and students, understanding the impacts of self-theories on resilience, and understanding how praise can foster a growth mindset and positively

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Much of Dweck's research was related to the effect of a student's mindset on classroom performance. For students to develop a growth mindset, a nurturing classroom culture must be established with appropriate praise and encouragement. According to Dweck, "Praising students for the process they have

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Those with a growth mindset believe that "intelligence can be developed", and their abilities can be increased by learning. They tend to embrace challenges, persevere in the face of adversity, accept and learn from failure, focus on process rather than outcome, and see abilities as skills which are

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The first dedicated review of mindset history found that mindset psychology has a century-long history of explicit research and practice, with its origin phase taking place between 1908 and 1939, early inquiries occurring between 1940 and 1987, and contemporary bodies of work emerging in and beyond

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A study by Patrick and Joshi explored how teachers explain growth and fixed mindsets, with two major findings in 150 semi-structured interviews. First, they found that teachers' prior beliefs about learning and students influenced how they engaged with their mindsets. Second, they found that many

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A study conducted by Fiona S. Seaton (2018) examined the impact of teacher training to influence mindset. The teachers in this study had six training sessions, and Seaton found that the sessions had an impact on their mindsets which was sustained three months afterward. The results of this study

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Elements of personality (such as sensitivity to mistakes and setbacks) may predispose toward a particular mindset, which can be developed and reshaped through interactions. In a number of studies, Dweck and her colleagues noted that alterations in mindset could be achieved through "praising the

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Erik H. Erikson's analysis of group-identities and what he calls a "life-plan" is relevant to a collective mindset. Erikson cites Native Americans who were meant to undergo a reeducation process to instill a modern "life-plan" which advocated housing and wealth; the natives' collective historic

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A second strategy to promote a growth mindset in the classroom is more explicit, establishing personal goals, and having students "write about and share with one another something they used to be poor at and now are very good at." Hinda Hussein studied the positive effect of reflective journal

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Those with a promotion mindset are characterized as being eager and quick to act. They take initiative and move to cause improvements towards their ideal state. People with a prevention mindset are characterized as being cautious and careful, avoiding risks and any course of action that could

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process through which success was achieved", "having read compelling scientific articles that support one view or the other", or teaching junior-high-school students "that every time they try hard and learn something new, their brain forms new connections that, over time, make them smarter."

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L. S. Blackwell presented research in 2015 exploring whether growth mindsets can be promoted in minority groups. Blackwell builds on Dweck's research, observing minority groups and finding that "students with a growth mindset had stronger learning goals than the fixed mindset students." These

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Sagiv and Schwarts defined cultural values to explain the nature, functions, and variables which characterize mindset agency. They posited three bipolar dimensions of culture, based on values: cognitive (embedded or autonomous), figurative (mastery or harmony), and operative (hierarchical or

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The deliberative and implemental mindsets are part of the decision making process in goal setting and goal striving. When someone has a deliberative mindset, they are considering a variety of actions and have not yet settled on what they are going to do. This person will tend to be open to

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The defensive mindset is closed, self-protective and self-deceptive. It does not see the greater good, but centers on individual defense; truth, if perceived as harmful to the person concerned, would be denied. This may allow personal growth, but no organizational growth or development.

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allowing each entity to pursue emerging opportunities. A collective mindset fosters values which lead to a particular practice. Hitt cites the five dimensions of an entrepreneurial mindset as "autonomy, innovativeness, risk taking, proactiveness, and competitive aggressiveness".

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Maruyama, Magoroh; Beals, Kenneth L.; Bharati, Agehananda; Fuchs, Helmuth; Gardner, Peter M.; Guilmet, George M.; Hahn, Robert A.; Kamau, Lucy Jayne; Kronenfeld, David B.; Kursh, Charlotte O.; Meeker, Joseph W. (October 1980). "Mindscapes and Science Theories ".

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giving praise based on effort alone, when the results gained did not she believe merit praise. Researchers noted adults within a study "who agree with growth mindset, but do not behave as though they believe ability can change" as holding a false growth mindset.

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refers to such a need. A defining characteristic of the study of global mindset is the variety with which scholars define it, but they typically agree that global mindset and its development increase global effectiveness for individuals and organizations.

178:'s concept of mindscape, mindset includes a cultural and social orientation: hierarchical and egalitarian individualism, hierarchical and egalitarian collectivism, hierarchic and egalitarian synergism, and hierarchical and egalitarian populism. 411:, organizations have two dominant mindsets: productive and defensive. The productive mindset is hinged in logic, focused on knowledge and its certifiable results – a decision-making mindset which is transparent and auditable. 56:

Some scholars claim that people can have multiple types of mindsets. Some of these types include a growth mindset, fixed mindset, poverty mindset, abundance mindset, and positive mindset among others that make up a person's overall mindset.

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or limits they would not be able to overcome". Those with a fixed mindset tend to avoid challenges, give up easily, and focus on the outcome. They believe that their abilities are fixed, and effort has little value.

325:". Students with a fixed mindset were more likely to say that "if you're not good at a subject, working hard won't make you good at it” and “when I work hard at something, it makes me feel like I'm not very smart". 292:

developed through effort. Feedback and failure are seen as opportunities to increase ability, signaling the "need to pay attention, invest effort, apply time to practice, and master the new learning opportunity".

284:, individuals can be placed on a continuum according to their views of where ability originate, from a fixed to a growth mindset. An individual's mindset affects the "motivation to practice and learn". 399:

beyond established functionalities to explore broadly for solutions, thereby heightening creativity. In contrast, a scarcity mindset induces functional fixedness, thereby reducing creativity."

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Buchanan, A. (2024). The history of mindset: Honouring lineage, transcending partial stories, making mindset research and practice an interdisciplinary and intergenerational project.

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refers to an established set of attitudes of a person or group concerning culture, values, philosophy, frame of reference, outlook, or disposition. It may also arise from a person's

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Cimpian, A., Aree, H.C., Markman, E.M., Dweck, C.S. (2007). Subtle linguistic cues affect children's motivation. Association for Psychological Science, 18(4), 314-316.

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Numerous scholars have identified mindset history as being a critical gap in contemporary literature and also in current approaches to mindset education and training.

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alternative options when presented and will explore ideas until they have decided upon a course of action. This mindset is connected to the idea of goal setting.

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Yousefi, H., & Khalkhali, V. (2020). The Effects of Mastery Versus Social-Comparison Praise on Students’ Persistence: A Role of Fixed Versus Growth Mindset.

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for growth mindset training showed no significant increase in numeracy or literacy. A 2024 study showed that growth mindset scales by Carol Dweck have

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conducted explorations of mindset since the 1990s. Gollwitzer's contributions include his theory of mindset and the mindset theory of action phases.

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students "had much more positive attitudes toward effort, agreeing that 'when something is hard, it just makes me want to work more on it, not less

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identity as buffalo hunters was oriented around such fundamentally different motivations that communication about life plans was difficult.

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direction; this can be detrimental for someone who has not spent sufficient time with a deliberative mindset.

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suggest that adult mindsets are malleable, and can shift with appropriate supports.

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teachers oversimplified growth and fixed mindsets as positive and negative traits.

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of both in a nuclear war. This mindset prevented an attack by either country, but

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Modern military theory attempts to challenge entrenched mindsets in

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A well-known example of a contrasting mindset is fixed versus growth

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A mindset could create an incentive to adopt (or accept) previous

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An institution is related to collective mindset; an

4774: 4622: 4401: 4363: 3936: 3639: 3457: 3136: 2930: 2656: 2492: 1801: 1799: 1924:Buchanan, Ashley; Kern, Margaret L. (2017-06-08). 1361: 1359: 16:Term in decision theory and general systems theory 933:A Configuration Approach to Mindset Agency Theory 782:International Journal of Organizational Analysis 19:"Mentality" redirects here. For other uses, see 2043:sfn error: no target: CITEREFFrenchChang2016 ( 1407:Keown, Stacey R.; Bourke, Brian (2019-12-22). 727: 725: 723: 721: 445:potentially cause failure in reaching a goal. 2253: 2148:Stark, Mallory; Argyris, Chris (2004-11-01). 1739:"Don't Let Praise Become a Consolation Prize" 1063:. New York: International Universities Press. 984: 982: 930:Yolles, Maurice; Fink, Gerhard (2021-07-28). 8: 2216:European Journal of Psychological Assessment 2132:. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. 1551:, New York, NY: Springer, pp. 263–282, 1538: 1536: 1106:European Journal of International Management 1061:Identity and the Life Cycle: Selected Papers 1014:. Paris: Axiopole Publishing. Archived from 776: 774: 772: 770: 768: 428:on goal striving, rather than goal setting. 143:in control of nuclear materials, and in the 2038: 1702:Current Directions in Psychological Science 4360: 4349: 2489: 2478: 2276: 2260: 2246: 2238: 2143: 2141: 2139: 2064:Disability Compliance for Higher Education 1846: 1844: 1323:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 1264: 1262: 1260: 196:Knowledge Entrepreneurship in Universities 2156:. Baker Library, Harvard Business School. 2150:"Surfacing Your Underground Organization" 1964:Javidan, M., & Walker, J. L. (2013). 1941: 1884: 1882: 1779: 1713: 1672: 1662: 1626: 1489: 1487: 1475: 1434: 1432: 1430: 1428: 1426: 815:Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology 91:, the study of mindset is evident in the 2181:(7th ed.). Wiley. pp. 203–211. 2172: 2170: 2168: 2166: 2164: 1284: 1282: 1099: 1097: 827:Capie, David; Evans, Paul (2002-01-02). 68:, choices, or tools, sometimes known as 1640: 1638: 1545:"Intelligence as a Malleable Construct" 627: 1596:Mindset: The New Psychology of Success 1527: 1316: 976:. Cambridge, Mass.; London: MIT Press. 641:. Oxford University Press. March 2022. 862:McNaugher, Thomas L. (June 1, 1996). 419:Deliberative and implemental mindsets 313:indicate a fixed mindset can lead to 186:Collective mindsets are described in 7: 2179:Understanding Motivation and Emotion 1338:Roberts, Dario (December 20, 2016). 1073: 1046: 1768:Contemporary Educational Psychology 1737:Gross-Loh, Christine (2016-12-16). 1270:Education Sciences & Psychology 887:O'Hanlon, Michael E. (2018-09-11). 2111:NA - Advances in Consumer Research 1979:Columbia Journal of World Business 1930:International Journal of Wellbeing 1891:Educational Psychology in Practice 14: 1968:. Edina, MN: Beaver's Pond Press. 501:Implicit theories of intelligence 436:Promotion and prevention mindsets 403:Productive and defensive mindsets 1837:. New York: Taylor and Francis. 1853:Teaching and Teacher Education 1781:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2022.102079 936:. Cambridge University Press. 459:Education Endowment Foundation 194:(1995) and Maximilian Senges' 1: 4756:Traditional African religions 2158:Interview with Chris Argyris. 1903:10.1080/02667363.2017.1382333 1628:10.1080/2331186X.2018.1492337 2177:Reeve, Johnmarshall (2018). 1557:10.1007/978-1-4939-1562-0_18 315:sex differences in education 276:Carol Dweck § Criticism 123:A political example is the " 4084:Food and drink prohibitions 2058:Hope, Joan (January 2022). 1515:10.2304/forum.2013.55.1.143 988:Senges, Maximilian (2007). 455:randomized controlled trial 254:Myers–Briggs Type Indicator 164:weapons of mass destruction 162:, and the proliferation of 135:, which included belief in 5192: 2212:"Measuring Growth Mindset" 1992:Training & Development 1865:10.1016/j.tate.2019.04.009 1464:IAFOR Journal of Education 1340:MindSet (Motivate Academy) 1191:10.1177/092137408800100304 1032:Surowiecki, James (2005). 391: 376:multinational corporations 273: 263: 260:Fixed and growth mindsets 145:mutual assured destruction 95:and other fields (such as 25: 21:Mentality (disambiguation) 18: 4359: 4348: 2972:Cross-cultural psychology 2790:Manipulation (psychology) 2488: 2477: 2286: 2275: 2228:10.1027/1015-5759/a000735 2004:Caligiuri, Paula (2021). 1086:Hitt, Michael A. (2011). 1059:Erikson, Erik H. (1959). 839:10.1355/9789812307071-009 790:10.1108/IJOA-09-2014-0797 3322:Mass psychogenic illness 3173:Collective effervescence 2614:Self-fulfilling prophecy 2300:Collective consciousness 1715:10.1177/0963721418797300 1664:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01852 1594:Dweck, Carol S. (2016). 1118:10.1504/EJIM.2007.014692 972:Hutchins, Edwin (1995). 481:Autonomous agency theory 28:Mindset (disambiguation) 4662:Eastern Orthodox Church 3203:Culture-bound syndromes 3178:Collective intelligence 2128:Argyris, Chris (2004). 2039:French & Chang 2016 1651:Frontiers in Psychology 1458:Hussein, Hinda (2018). 379:of culture or context. 224:entrepreneurial mindset 203:collective intelligence 5103:Social constructionism 4761:Unitarian Universalism 3565:Observational learning 3293:In-group and out-group 3233:False consensus effect 2912:Suppression of dissent 2810:Moral entrepreneurship 2780:Ideological repression 2768:Historical revisionism 2304:Collective unconscious 1441:Educational Leadership 1005:Zara, Olivier (2004). 669:"What is a Worldview?" 608:Rational irrationality 531:Propositional attitude 388:Abundance and scarcity 38: 4652:Chinese folk religion 3352:Political correctness 3347:Pluralistic ignorance 3036:Identity (philosophy) 2862:Religious persecution 2845:Psychological warfare 2825:Political engineering 2676:Argumentum ad populum 2534:Collective narcissism 2512:Attitude polarization 1833:Hattie, John (2012). 974:Cognition in the Wild 942:10.1017/9781108974028 737:10.31234/osf.io/dsb97 693:10.31234/osf.io/x5ge8 657:10.31234/osf.io/5xeqv 516:Mental representation 337:Students and teachers 274:Further information: 192:Cognition in the Wild 49:or beliefs about the 36: 5016:Naturalism (Western) 5011:Naturalism (Chinese) 4923:Renaissance humanism 3479:Conceptual framework 3444:System justification 3283:Hysterical contagion 2867:Religious uniformity 2850:Religious conversion 2706:Cognitive dissonance 2604:Selective perception 2455:Theory of everything 2425:Primal world beliefs 2410:Philosophical theory 1943:10.5502/ijw.v7i1.538 1223:Current Anthropology 1088:Strategic Management 833:. ISEAS Publishing. 546:Viable system theory 89:cognitive psychology 85:cognitive psychology 26:For other uses, see 4429:Christian democracy 3392:Social facilitation 3288:Information cascade 3223:Emotional contagion 3161:Collective behavior 3123:Symbolic boundaries 2977:Cultural psychology 2721:Cultural dissonance 2594:Observer-expectancy 2589:Observational error 2574:In-group favoritism 2319:Conventional wisdom 1494:Boaler, Jo (2013). 1477:10.22492/ije.6.2.03 1371:mylearningtools.org 1289:Bates, Bob (2016). 574:Bounded rationality 536:Schema (psychology) 394:Abundance mentality 207:wisdom of the crowd 201:Parallels exist in 97:positive psychology 5127:Post-structuralism 3881:natural philosophy 3263:Group polarization 3248:Group cohesiveness 2897:Social engineering 2795:Media manipulation 2716:Crowd manipulation 2701:Circular reporting 2619:Clever Hans effect 2599:Selective exposure 830:Cold War Mentality 784:, 24(4), 673–691. 526:Philosophy of life 491:Einstellung effect 182:Collective mindset 156:asymmetric warfare 39: 5163: 5162: 5159: 5158: 5155: 5154: 5137:Transcendentalism 5093:Neo-scholasticism 5074:Neopythagoreanism 4524:Industrialisation 4464:Constitutionalism 4344: 4343: 4340: 4339: 4162:political freedom 3679:mind–body problem 3472:tacit assumptions 3424:Spontaneous order 3414:Social psychology 3367:Self-organization 2711:Critical thinking 2473: 2472: 2440:School of thought 2329:Cultural movement 2309:Conceptual system 2076:10.1002/dhe.31204 2017:978-1-78966-661-8 1566:978-1-4939-1562-0 1302:978-1-4739-2533-5 1179:Cultural Dynamics 1036:. London: Abacus. 951:978-1-108-97402-8 848:978-981-230-707-1 618: 617: 453:In 2019 a larger 149:deterrence theory 70:cognitive inertia 5183: 5176:Cognitive biases 4825:New Confucianism 4699:Korean shamanism 4669:Ethnic religions 4599:Social democracy 4474:Environmentalism 4454:Communitarianism 4419:Authoritarianism 4361: 4350: 3980:Codes of conduct 3631:World disclosure 3619:consensus theory 3387:Social exclusion 3193:Crowd psychology 3188:Consensus theory 3151:Bandwagon effect 3088:Rites of passage 2902:Social influence 2835:Propaganda model 2800:Media regulation 2629:wishful thinking 2579:Magical thinking 2490: 2479: 2342:World folk-epics 2277: 2262: 2255: 2248: 2239: 2232: 2231: 2207: 2201: 2200: 2198: 2189: 2183: 2182: 2174: 2159: 2157: 2145: 2134: 2133: 2125: 2119: 2118: 2102: 2096: 2095: 2055: 2049: 2048: 2036: 2030: 2029: 2010:. : Kogan Page. 2001: 1995: 1994:, 46(10), 63–68. 1988: 1982: 1975: 1969: 1962: 1956: 1955: 1945: 1921: 1915: 1914: 1886: 1877: 1876: 1848: 1839: 1838: 1830: 1824: 1821: 1815: 1812: 1806: 1803: 1794: 1793: 1783: 1759: 1753: 1752: 1750: 1749: 1734: 1728: 1727: 1717: 1693: 1687: 1686: 1676: 1666: 1642: 1633: 1632: 1630: 1615:Cogent Education 1606: 1600: 1599: 1591: 1585: 1582: 1576: 1575: 1574: 1573: 1540: 1531: 1525: 1519: 1518: 1500: 1491: 1482: 1481: 1479: 1455: 1449: 1448: 1436: 1421: 1420: 1404: 1398: 1387: 1381: 1380: 1378: 1377: 1363: 1354: 1353: 1335: 1329: 1328: 1322: 1314: 1286: 1277: 1266: 1255: 1254: 1217: 1211: 1210: 1174: 1168: 1167: 1155: 1149: 1148: 1136: 1130: 1129: 1101: 1092: 1091: 1083: 1077: 1071: 1065: 1064: 1056: 1050: 1044: 1038: 1037: 1029: 1023: 1022: 1020: 1013: 1002: 996: 986: 977: 970: 964: 963: 927: 921: 918: 912: 909: 903: 902: 900: 899: 884: 878: 877: 875: 874: 859: 853: 852: 824: 818: 811: 805: 798: 792: 778: 763: 762: 760: 759: 753:Ethics Unwrapped 745: 739: 729: 716: 715: 713: 712: 701: 695: 685: 679: 678: 676: 675: 665: 659: 649: 643: 642: 632: 603:Property dualism 568: 551:Victim mentality 541:Set (psychology) 496:Entrepreneurship 381:Cultural agility 324: 248:Mindscape theory 176:Magoroh Maruyama 141:chain of command 127:mindset" in the 113:Peter Gollwitzer 5191: 5190: 5186: 5185: 5184: 5182: 5181: 5180: 5166: 5165: 5164: 5151: 4982:Megarian school 4933:Illuminationism 4909:New historicism 4885:Foundationalism 4870:Eretrian school 4830:Critical theory 4791:Aristotelianism 4786:Agriculturalism 4776: 4770: 4704:Modern paganism 4618: 4529:Intellectualism 4403: 4397: 4355: 4336: 4184:Meaning of life 4089:unclean animals 3946:Aesthetic taste 3932: 3888:Problem of evil 3830:National mythoi 3635: 3453: 3449:Viral phenomena 3439:Swarm behaviour 3382:Social emotions 3377:Social behavior 3357:Pseudoconsensus 3308:Majoritarianism 3208:Deindividuation 3146:Abilene paradox 3132: 3068:Myth and ritual 2926: 2907:Social progress 2882:Self-censorship 2758:Excommunication 2681:Attitude change 2658: 2652: 2484: 2469: 2420:Presuppositions 2282: 2271: 2266: 2236: 2235: 2209: 2208: 2204: 2196: 2191: 2190: 2186: 2176: 2175: 2162: 2147: 2146: 2137: 2127: 2126: 2122: 2104: 2103: 2099: 2057: 2056: 2052: 2042: 2037: 2033: 2018: 2003: 2002: 1998: 1989: 1985: 1976: 1972: 1963: 1959: 1923: 1922: 1918: 1888: 1887: 1880: 1850: 1849: 1842: 1832: 1831: 1827: 1822: 1818: 1813: 1809: 1804: 1797: 1761: 1760: 1756: 1747: 1745: 1736: 1735: 1731: 1695: 1694: 1690: 1644: 1643: 1636: 1608: 1607: 1603: 1598:. Random House. 1593: 1592: 1588: 1583: 1579: 1571: 1569: 1567: 1542: 1541: 1534: 1526: 1522: 1498: 1493: 1492: 1485: 1457: 1456: 1452: 1438: 1437: 1424: 1406: 1405: 1401: 1388: 1384: 1375: 1373: 1365: 1364: 1357: 1350: 1337: 1336: 1332: 1315: 1303: 1288: 1287: 1280: 1267: 1258: 1219: 1218: 1214: 1176: 1175: 1171: 1157: 1156: 1152: 1138: 1137: 1133: 1103: 1102: 1095: 1085: 1084: 1080: 1072: 1068: 1058: 1057: 1053: 1045: 1041: 1031: 1030: 1026: 1018: 1011: 1004: 1003: 999: 987: 980: 971: 967: 952: 929: 928: 924: 919: 915: 910: 906: 897: 895: 886: 885: 881: 872: 870: 861: 860: 856: 849: 826: 825: 821: 812: 808: 799: 795: 779: 766: 757: 755: 747: 746: 742: 730: 719: 710: 708: 703: 702: 698: 686: 682: 673: 671: 667: 666: 662: 650: 646: 634: 633: 629: 624: 619: 560: 471: 451: 438: 421: 405: 396: 390: 372: 364:benefit mindset 360: 358:Benefit mindset 339: 322: 278: 272: 262: 250: 241: 233: 184: 172: 121: 105: 93:social sciences 78:decision-making 51:meaning of life 31: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5189: 5187: 5179: 5178: 5168: 5167: 5161: 5160: 5157: 5156: 5153: 5152: 5150: 5149: 5144: 5142:Utilitarianism 5139: 5134: 5129: 5120: 5115: 5110: 5105: 5100: 5095: 5086: 5081: 5076: 5070:Pythagoreanism 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5033: 5028: 5023: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4984: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4957:Neo-Kantianism 4950: 4945: 4940: 4935: 4930: 4925: 4916: 4911: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4875:Existentialism 4872: 4867: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4782: 4780: 4772: 4771: 4769: 4768: 4766:Zoroastrianism 4763: 4758: 4753: 4748: 4743: 4738: 4733: 4728: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4665: 4664: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4628: 4626: 4620: 4619: 4617: 4616: 4611: 4609:Utilitarianism 4606: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4544:Libertarianism 4541: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4509:Green politics 4506: 4501: 4499:Fundamentalism 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4410: 4408: 4399: 4398: 4396: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4369: 4367: 4357: 4356: 4353: 4346: 4345: 4342: 4341: 4338: 4337: 4335: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4315: 4313:Unspoken rules 4310: 4305: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4259: 4258: 4248: 4243: 4238: 4233: 4228: 4223: 4218: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4197: 4196: 4186: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4166: 4165: 4164: 4154: 4153: 4152: 4147: 4137: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4098: 4093: 4092: 4091: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4055: 4054: 4044: 4039: 4038: 4037: 4032: 4022: 4017: 4012: 4007: 4002: 3997: 3992: 3987: 3982: 3977: 3972: 3967: 3962: 3953: 3948: 3942: 3940: 3934: 3933: 3931: 3930: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3884: 3883: 3873: 3872: 3871: 3861: 3860: 3859: 3849: 3844: 3843: 3842: 3832: 3827: 3826: 3825: 3815: 3810: 3805: 3800: 3795: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3727: 3722: 3717: 3716: 3715: 3705: 3700: 3699: 3698: 3688: 3683: 3682: 3681: 3671: 3666: 3661: 3656: 3651: 3645: 3643: 3637: 3636: 3634: 3633: 3628: 3627: 3626: 3621: 3611: 3610: 3609: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3588: 3587: 3582: 3572: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3552: 3550:Meta-knowledge 3547: 3542: 3540:Meaning-making 3537: 3532: 3527: 3526: 3525: 3515: 3510: 3509: 3508: 3503: 3493: 3492: 3491: 3481: 3476: 3475: 3474: 3463: 3461: 3455: 3454: 3452: 3451: 3446: 3441: 3436: 3431: 3426: 3421: 3416: 3411: 3406: 3401: 3400: 3399: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3374: 3369: 3364: 3359: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3334: 3329: 3327:Milieu control 3324: 3319: 3314: 3305: 3300: 3298:Invisible hand 3295: 3290: 3285: 3280: 3275: 3270: 3265: 3260: 3255: 3253:Group dynamics 3250: 3245: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3210: 3205: 3200: 3195: 3190: 3185: 3180: 3175: 3170: 3169: 3168: 3158: 3153: 3148: 3142: 3140: 3134: 3133: 3131: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3102: 3097: 3096: 3095: 3085: 3080: 3075: 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2412: 2407: 2402: 2397: 2392: 2387: 2382: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2344: 2338:National epics 2331: 2326: 2321: 2316: 2311: 2306: 2297: 2287: 2284: 2283: 2280: 2273: 2272: 2267: 2265: 2264: 2257: 2250: 2242: 2234: 2233: 2202: 2184: 2160: 2135: 2120: 2097: 2050: 2031: 2016: 1996: 1983: 1970: 1957: 1916: 1878: 1840: 1825: 1816: 1807: 1795: 1754: 1729: 1688: 1634: 1601: 1586: 1577: 1565: 1532: 1520: 1509:(1): 143–152. 1483: 1450: 1422: 1399: 1382: 1355: 1349:978-1540868220 1348: 1330: 1301: 1278: 1256: 1235:10.1086/202539 1229:(5): 589–608. 1212: 1185:(3): 309–335. 1169: 1150: 1131: 1093: 1078: 1076:, p. 371. 1066: 1051: 1039: 1024: 1021:on 2006-03-06. 997: 978: 965: 950: 922: 913: 904: 879: 854: 847: 819: 806: 793: 764: 740: 717: 696: 680: 660: 644: 626: 625: 623: 620: 616: 615: 611: 610: 605: 600: 593: 592: 591: 586: 584:Ethical egoism 581: 576: 566: 565: 564: 563:Dual mentality 559: 558: 553: 548: 543: 538: 533: 528: 523: 518: 513: 508: 506:Intentionality 503: 498: 493: 488: 483: 478: 472: 470: 467: 450: 447: 437: 434: 420: 417: 404: 401: 389: 386: 371: 370:Global mindset 368: 359: 356: 338: 335: 261: 258: 249: 246: 244:egalitarian). 240: 239:Mindset agency 237: 232: 229: 188:Edwin Hutchins 183: 180: 171: 170:Systems theory 168: 120: 117: 104: 101: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5188: 5177: 5174: 5173: 5171: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5124: 5123:Structuralism 5121: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5090: 5089:Scholasticism 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5037: 5034: 5032: 5031:Phenomenology 5029: 5027: 5024: 5022: 5019: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4991:Postmodernism 4988: 4985: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4944: 4943:Individualism 4941: 4939: 4938:ʿIlm al-Kalām 4936: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4783: 4781: 4779: 4773: 4767: 4764: 4762: 4759: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4747: 4744: 4742: 4739: 4737: 4734: 4732: 4729: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4663: 4660: 4659: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4629: 4627: 4625: 4621: 4615: 4612: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4589:Republicanism 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4574:Progressivism 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4519:Individualism 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4411: 4409: 4407: 4400: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4370: 4368: 4366: 4362: 4358: 4351: 4347: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4319: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4276: 4274: 4271: 4269: 4268:Social stigma 4266: 4264: 4261: 4257: 4254: 4253: 4252: 4249: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4239: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4224: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4195: 4192: 4191: 4190: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4170: 4167: 4163: 4160: 4159: 4158: 4155: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4145:jurisprudence 4143: 4142: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4106: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4090: 4087: 4086: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4079:Family values 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4059:Entertainment 4057: 4053: 4050: 4049: 4048: 4045: 4043: 4040: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4027: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4008: 4006: 4003: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3988: 3986: 3983: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3973: 3971: 3968: 3966: 3963: 3961: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3943: 3941: 3939: 3935: 3929: 3928:Unobservables 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3882: 3879: 3878: 3877: 3874: 3870: 3867: 3866: 3865: 3862: 3858: 3855: 3854: 3853: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3841: 3840:philosophical 3838: 3837: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3824: 3821: 3820: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3731: 3728: 3726: 3723: 3721: 3718: 3714: 3711: 3710: 3709: 3706: 3704: 3703:Creation myth 3701: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3680: 3677: 3676: 3675: 3674:Consciousness 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3646: 3644: 3642: 3638: 3632: 3629: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3616: 3615: 3612: 3608: 3605: 3604: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3577: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3528: 3524: 3521: 3520: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3498: 3497: 3494: 3490: 3487: 3486: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3473: 3470: 3469: 3468: 3465: 3464: 3462: 3460: 3456: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3398: 3395: 3394: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3372:Social action 3370: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3360: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3342:Peer pressure 3340: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3309: 3306: 3304: 3301: 3299: 3296: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3286: 3284: 3281: 3279: 3276: 3274: 3273:Herd behavior 3271: 3269: 3266: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3258:Group emotion 3256: 3254: 3251: 3249: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3209: 3206: 3204: 3201: 3199: 3196: 3194: 3191: 3189: 3186: 3184: 3181: 3179: 3176: 3174: 3171: 3167: 3164: 3163: 3162: 3159: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3147: 3144: 3143: 3141: 3139: 3135: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3110: 3109:Social status 3106: 3103: 3101: 3098: 3094: 3091: 3090: 3089: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3042: 3039: 3038: 3037: 3034: 3030: 3027: 3026: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3006: 3003: 3001: 2998: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2973: 2970: 2968: 2965: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2955: 2951: 2948: 2946: 2943: 2942: 2941: 2938: 2937: 2935: 2933: 2929: 2923: 2922:Woozle effect 2920: 2918: 2917:Systemic bias 2915: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2905: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2888: 2887:Social change 2885: 2883: 2880: 2878: 2875: 2873: 2870: 2868: 2865: 2863: 2860: 2856: 2853: 2852: 2851: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2841: 2838: 2836: 2833: 2831: 2828: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2818: 2816: 2813: 2811: 2808: 2806: 2803: 2801: 2798: 2796: 2793: 2791: 2788: 2786: 2783: 2781: 2778: 2774: 2771: 2770: 2769: 2766: 2764: 2763:Fearmongering 2761: 2759: 2756: 2754: 2751: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2739: 2738: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2726:Deprogramming 2724: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2677: 2674: 2672: 2669: 2667: 2664: 2663: 2661: 2655: 2647: 2644: 2643: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2630: 2627: 2625: 2622: 2620: 2617: 2616: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2564:Filter bubble 2562: 2560: 2559:Ethnocentrism 2557: 2555: 2552: 2550: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2528: 2525: 2524: 2523: 2520: 2518: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2508: 2505: 2503: 2500: 2499: 2497: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2480: 2476: 2466: 2463: 2461: 2458: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2415:Point of view 2413: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2390:Metanarrative 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2307: 2305: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2292: 2291:Basic beliefs 2289: 2288: 2285: 2281:Related terms 2278: 2274: 2270: 2263: 2258: 2256: 2251: 2249: 2244: 2243: 2240: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2206: 2203: 2195: 2188: 2185: 2180: 2173: 2171: 2169: 2167: 2165: 2161: 2155: 2154:hbswk.hbs.edu 2151: 2144: 2142: 2140: 2136: 2131: 2124: 2121: 2116: 2112: 2108: 2101: 2098: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2054: 2051: 2046: 2040: 2035: 2032: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2013: 2009: 2008: 2000: 1997: 1993: 1987: 1984: 1981:, 4(1), 9–18. 1980: 1974: 1971: 1967: 1961: 1958: 1953: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1920: 1917: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1885: 1883: 1879: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1847: 1845: 1841: 1836: 1829: 1826: 1820: 1817: 1811: 1808: 1802: 1800: 1796: 1791: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1758: 1755: 1744: 1740: 1733: 1730: 1725: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1692: 1689: 1684: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1641: 1639: 1635: 1629: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1605: 1602: 1597: 1590: 1587: 1581: 1578: 1568: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1539: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1524: 1521: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1497: 1490: 1488: 1484: 1478: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1454: 1451: 1446: 1442: 1435: 1433: 1431: 1429: 1427: 1423: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1403: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1386: 1383: 1372: 1368: 1362: 1360: 1356: 1351: 1345: 1341: 1334: 1331: 1326: 1320: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1298: 1294: 1293: 1285: 1283: 1279: 1275: 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3852:Origin myths 3798:Intelligence 3778:Idios kosmos 3513:Explanations 3484:Epistemology 3409:Social proof 3404:Social group 3362:Scapegoating 3243:Group action 3238:Folie à deux 3228:Entitativity 3105:Social class 3048:Institutions 2940:Anthropology 2805:Missionaries 2731:Echo chamber 2686:Brainwashing 2641:Stereotyping 2549:Cryptomnesia 2539:Confirmation 2465:Value system 2394: 2385:Mental model 2219: 2215: 2205: 2187: 2178: 2153: 2129: 2123: 2114: 2110: 2100: 2067: 2063: 2053: 2034: 2006: 1999: 1991: 1986: 1978: 1973: 1965: 1960: 1933: 1929: 1919: 1897:(1): 41–57. 1894: 1890: 1856: 1852: 1834: 1828: 1819: 1810: 1771: 1767: 1757: 1746:. Retrieved 1743:The Atlantic 1742: 1732: 1708:(1): 28–33. 1705: 1701: 1691: 1654: 1650: 1618: 1614: 1604: 1595: 1589: 1580: 1570:, retrieved 1548: 1530:, p. 5. 1523: 1506: 1502: 1470:(2): 33–50. 1467: 1463: 1453: 1444: 1440: 1416: 1412: 1402: 1394: 1390: 1385: 1374:. Retrieved 1370: 1339: 1333: 1291: 1273: 1269: 1226: 1222: 1215: 1182: 1178: 1172: 1153: 1134: 1109: 1105: 1087: 1081: 1069: 1060: 1054: 1042: 1033: 1027: 1016:the original 1007: 1000: 989: 973: 968: 932: 925: 916: 907: 896:. Retrieved 892: 882: 871:. Retrieved 867: 857: 829: 822: 814: 809: 801: 796: 781: 756:. Retrieved 752: 749:"Groupthink" 743: 709:. Retrieved 707:. 2023-06-14 699: 683: 672:. Retrieved 663: 647: 638: 630: 612: 511:Mental model 486:Basic belief 463:psychometric 452: 443: 439: 430: 426: 422: 413: 406: 397: 373: 363: 361: 352: 348: 344: 340: 331: 327: 319: 308: 304: 300: 294: 290: 286: 279: 251: 242: 234: 221: 217: 210: 200: 195: 191: 185: 174:Building on 173: 153: 122: 109: 106: 82: 63: 59: 55: 42: 40: 5098:Sentientism 5079:Rationalism 5026:Peripatetic 5006:Natural law 4977:Materialism 4905:Historicism 4895:Hegelianism 4845:Determinism 4722:Agnosticism 4594:Sentientism 4564:Nationalism 4514:Imperialism 4444:Communalism 4439:Colonialism 4393:Weltschmerz 4373:Misanthropy 4273:Stewardship 4201:Obligations 4105:Culpability 4096:Golden Rule 3990:Common good 3908:Supernature 3864:Otherworlds 3823:comparative 3793:Information 3788:Incarnation 3725:Eschatology 3659:Anima mundi 3641:Metaphysics 3560:Observation 3555:Methodology 3337:Moral panic 3317:Mass action 3213:Doublethink 3156:Collectives 3078:Pilgrimages 2967:Coronations 2872:Revolutions 2840:Proselytism 2773:negationism 2659:maintenance 2507:Attentional 2366:Life stance 2334:Epic poetry 2324:Conventions 1936:(1): 1–11. 1859:: 156–167. 1528:Boaler 2013 1447:(1): 16–20. 1419:(2): 51–59. 1397:(2), 51–58. 589:Game theory 282:Carol Dweck 137:game theory 5065:Pyrrhonism 5055:Pragmatism 5050:Positivism 4953:Kantianism 4860:Empiricism 4778:philosophy 4775:Schools of 4718:Irreligion 4714:Secularity 4647:Cheondoism 4579:Radicalism 4559:Monarchism 4554:Militarism 4539:Liberalism 4484:Fanaticism 4424:Capitalism 4406:ideologies 4404:political 4332:Wrongdoing 4236:Repentance 4226:Punishment 4221:Principles 4216:Praxeology 4005:Creativity 3995:Conscience 3956:Almsgiving 3869:axes mundi 3753:Nonfiction 3730:Everything 3592:Revelation 3580:fallacious 3570:Perception 3506:scientific 3429:Status quo 3268:Groupshift 3183:Conformity 3138:Groupthink 3053:Liminality 2987:Employment 2962:Ceremonies 2830:Propaganda 2815:Persuasion 2691:Censorship 2657:Change and 2636:Status quo 2544:Congruence 2026:1152067760 1774:: 102079. 1748:2023-08-09 1572:2022-05-05 1376:2022-07-08 1295:. London. 1112:(3): 176. 898:2022-05-05 873:2022-05-05 758:2022-05-05 711:2023-08-09 674:2019-12-10 639:OED Online 392:See also: 309:Dweck and 264:See also: 74:groupthink 5113:Spinozism 5045:Pluralism 5036:Platonism 4987:Modernism 4972:Logicians 4840:Cyrenaics 4801:Averroism 4741:Spiritism 4709:Rastafari 4624:Religions 4604:Socialism 4584:Reformism 4549:Masculism 4504:Globalism 4479:Extremism 4449:Communism 4414:Anarchism 4388:Reclusion 4383:Pessimism 4365:Attitudes 4288:Suffering 4251:Sexuality 4241:Reverence 4231:Qualities 4150:religious 4130:Judgement 4110:Happiness 4074:Étiquette 4064:Eroticism 4052:Aesthetic 4035:religious 4030:emotional 4020:Economics 3951:Aesthetic 3913:Teleology 3857:political 3818:Mythology 3783:Illusions 3758:Free will 3744:Existence 3739:Evolution 3713:existence 3696:religious 3691:Cosmology 3686:Cosmogony 3664:Causality 3654:Afterlife 3602:Tradition 3597:Testimony 3575:Reasoning 3535:Intuition 3501:anecdotal 3459:Knowledge 3434:Stigmergy 3419:Sociology 3218:Emergence 2957:Calendars 2753:Euphemism 2741:religious 2736:Education 2569:Homophily 2522:Cognitive 2371:Lifestyle 2269:Worldview 2222:: 84–95. 2092:245376446 2084:1086-1335 1952:1179-8602 1911:149189021 1873:155196575 1790:0361-476X 1724:149536001 1413:Education 1391:Education 1319:cite book 1311:926667644 1276:(1), 3–9. 1251:147362112 1243:0011-3204 1207:143782277 1199:0921-3740 1126:1751-6757 1074:Hitt 2011 1047:Zara 2004 960:240681258 893:Brookings 868:Brookings 556:Worldview 449:Criticism 311:Jo Boaler 160:terrorism 66:behaviors 47:worldview 5170:Category 5118:Stoicism 5021:Nihilism 4967:Legalism 4962:Kokugaku 4928:Idealism 4919:Humanism 4890:Hedonism 4880:Fatalism 4855:Eleatics 4835:Cynicism 4751:Tenrikyo 4674:Hinduism 4642:Caodaism 4637:Buddhism 4614:Veganism 4569:Pacifism 4534:Islamism 4494:Feminism 4378:Optimism 4354:Examples 4303:Theodicy 4293:Sympathy 4189:Morality 4047:Emotions 4042:Elegance 3970:Autonomy 3965:Altruism 3918:Theology 3847:Ontology 3813:Miracles 3669:Concepts 3649:Ætiology 3624:criteria 3607:folklore 3496:Evidence 3312:Mob rule 3303:Lynching 3063:Marriage 3041:cultural 3019:Holidays 3005:Funerals 3000:Families 2982:Doctrine 2945:cultural 2877:Rhetoric 2696:Charisma 2671:Argument 2666:Activism 2554:Cultural 2502:Academic 2435:Schemata 2405:Paradigm 2380:Memeplex 2361:Ideology 2351:factoids 2117:: 58–61. 2070:(6): 8. 1683:31474906 1657:: 1852. 521:Paradigm 476:Attitude 469:See also 231:Theories 205:and the 131:and the 125:Cold War 119:Politics 5147:Yangism 5132:Thomism 5108:Sophism 4850:Dualism 4811:Cārvāka 4796:Atomism 4736:Sikhism 4726:Atheism 4694:Judaism 4689:Jainism 4679:Hòa Hảo 4489:Fascism 4318:Virtues 4157:Liberty 4135:Justice 4115:Harmony 4025:Ecstasy 4010:Disgust 4000:Consent 3960:Charity 3893:Reality 3876:Physics 3768:History 3749:Fiction 3734:Nothing 3720:Destiny 3708:Deities 3523:fideism 3489:outline 3332:Mobbing 3128:Worship 3118:Symbols 3100:Rituals 3093:secular 3058:Liturgy 3024:Hygiene 2995:Slavery 2991:Serfdom 2932:Culture 2483:Aspects 2395:Mindset 2356:Framing 2314:Context 2295:Beliefs 1674:6705219 1164:2369874 1145:2873082 579:Elitism 457:by the 212:Gestell 139:, in a 103:History 43:mindset 5001:Monism 4996:Mohism 4948:Ionian 4914:Holism 4746:Taoism 4731:Shinto 4632:Baháʼí 4278:Styles 4256:ethics 4246:Rights 4194:public 4179:Maxims 4120:Honour 4069:Ethics 3985:Comedy 3975:Beauty 3903:Spirit 3835:Nature 3808:Matter 3763:Future 3545:Memory 3530:Gnosis 3467:Axioms 3397:animal 3278:Holism 3166:animal 3029:ritual 3009:Burial 2950:social 2855:forced 2746:values 2646:ethnic 2517:Belief 2494:Biases 2460:Umwelt 2090: 2082: 2024: 2014: 1950: 1909: 1871: 1788: 1722: 1681: 1671: 1563: 1346: 1309: 1299: 1249: 1241: 1205: 1197: 1162: 1143: 1124: 958: 948: 845: 613: 270:Kaizen 268:, and 4684:Islam 4322:Vices 4308:Trust 4298:Taboo 4211:Piety 4206:Peace 4101:Guilt 3938:Value 3898:Souls 3803:Magic 3773:Ideas 3614:Truth 3585:logic 3518:Faith 3198:Cults 3113:Caste 3073:Oaths 3014:Games 2584:Media 2400:Norms 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