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812:(REACH) is a European Union regulation of 18 December 2006. REACH addresses the production and use of chemical substances, and their potential impacts on both human health and the environment. A Substance Information Exchange Forum (SIEF) has been set up for several types of mineral wool. AES, ASW and PCW have been registered before the first deadline of 1 December 2010 and can, therefore, be used on the European market.
830:. In response to concerns raised with the definition and the dossier two additional dossiers were posted on the ECHA website for consultation and resulted in two additional entries on the candidate list. This actual (having four entries for one substance/group of substances) situation is contrary to the REACH procedure intended. Aside from this situation, concerns raised during the two consultation periods remain valid.
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the alkaline earth silicate or high-alumina, low-silica wools. This decision was made in part because no human data were available, although such fibers that have been tested appear to have low carcinogenic potential in experimental animals, and because the
Working Group had difficulty in categorizing these fibers into meaningful groups based on chemical composition.
73:
490:), usually in a weight ratio 50:50 (see also VDI 3469 Parts 1 and 5, as well as TRGS 521). Products made of alumino silicate wool are generally used at application temperatures of greater than 900 °C for equipment that operates intermittently and in critical application conditions (see Technical Rules TRGS 619).
774:
High bio soluble fibers are produced that do not cause damage to the human cell. These newer materials have been tested for carcinogenicity and most are found to be noncarcinogenic. IARC elected not to make an overall evaluation of the newly developed fibers designed to be less bio persistent such as
421:
High-temperature mineral wool is a type of mineral wool created for use as high-temperature insulation and generally defined as being resistant to temperatures above 1,000 °C. This type of insulation is usually used in industrial furnaces and foundries. Because high-temperature mineral wool is
853:
Amorphous high-temperature mineral wool (AES and ASW) is produced from a molten glass stream which is aerosolized by a jet of high-pressure air or by letting the stream impinge onto spinning wheels. The droplets are drawn into fibers; the mass of both fibers and remaining droplets cool very rapidly
1179:(PLEASE NOTE: Some manufacturers of insulation products have cited this volume while making erroneous claims that "IARC scientists confirm safety of mineral wool insulation". These claims are just false. The findings in this volume are not a determination of non-carcinogenicity or overall safety.)
782:
The
European Certification Board for mineral wool products, EUCEB, certify mineral wool products made of fibers fulfilling Note Q ensuring that they have a low bio persistence and so that they are quickly removed from the lung. The certification is based on independent experts' advice and regular
362:
by Edward Parry, "but no effort appears to have been made to confine the wool after production; consequently it floated about the works with the slightest breeze, and became so injurious to the men that the process had to be abandoned". A method of making mineral wool was patented in the United
857:
When amorphous high-temperature mineral wool is installed and used in high-temperature applications such as industrial furnaces, at least one face may be exposed to conditions causing the fibers to partially devitrify. Depending on the chemical composition of the glassy fiber and the time and
786:
Due to the mechanical effect of fibers, mineral wool products may cause temporary skin itching. To diminish this and to avoid unnecessary exposure to mineral wool dust, information on good practices is available on the packaging of mineral wool products with pictograms or sentences. Safe Use
510:
from aqueous spinning solutions. The water-soluble green fibers obtained as a precursor are crystallized by means of heat treatment. Polycrystalline wool is generally used at application temperatures greater than 1300 °C and in critical chemical and physical application conditions.
437:
The classification temperature is specified in 50 °C steps starting at 850 °C and up to 1600 °C. The classification temperature does not mean that the product can be used continuously at this temperature. In the field, the continuous application temperature of
396:
According to a mineral wool manufacturer, the first mineral wool intended for high-temperature applications was invented in the United States in 1942 but was not commercially viable until approximately 1953. More forms of mineral wool became available in the 1970s and 1980s.
865:
crystals are embedded in a matrix composed of other crystals and glasses. Experimental results on the biological activity of after-use high-temperature mineral wool have not demonstrated any hazardous activity that could be related to any form of silica they may contain.
778:
The
European Regulation (CE) n° 1272/2008 on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures updated by the Regulation (CE) n°790/2009 does not classify mineral wool fibers as a dangerous substance if they fulfil criteria defined in its Note Q.
470:). Products made from AES wool are generally used in equipment that continuously operates and in domestic appliances. Some formulations of AES wool are bio-soluble, meaning they dissolve in bodily fluids within a few weeks and are quickly cleared from the lungs.
833:
Regardless of the concerns raised, the inclusion of a substance in the candidate list triggers immediately the following legal obligations of manufacturers, importers and suppliers of articles containing that substance in a concentration above 0.1% (w/w):
955:"Man-made mineral fibre (MMMF) is a generic name used to describe an inorganic fibrous material manufactured primarily from glass, rock, minerals, slag and processed inorganic. The MMMF produced are non-crystalline (glassy, vitreous, amorphous)."
1133:"SuperFOIL Foil Insulation Roll 0.6m x 25m - Energy Saving DIY Bubble Foil Sheet - 3-in-1 Sustainable Thermal Insulation Reflective Radiant Barrier & Vapour Barrier - Multi Purpose for Home & Auto : Amazon.co.uk: DIY & Tools"
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not used as insulating materials. In contrast, the more commonly used vitreous fiber wools produced since 2000, including insulation glass wool, stone wool, and slag wool, are considered "not classifiable as to carcinogenicity in humans"
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at a temperature of about 1600 °C through which a stream of air or steam is blown. More advanced production techniques are based on spinning molten rock in high-speed spinning heads somewhat like the process used to produce
809:
642:
Mineral fibers are produced in the same way, without binder. The fiber as such is used as a raw material for its reinforcing purposes in various applications, such as friction materials, gaskets, plastics, and
725:
and other technical equipment as compared to other methods such as fire bricks, due to its high heat resistance capabilities per weight, but has the disadvantage of being more expensive than other methods.
430:
Classification temperature is the temperature at which a certain amount of linear contraction (usually two to four percent) is not exceeded after a 24-hour heat treatment in an electrically heated
718:
High-temperature mineral wool is used primarily for insulation and lining of industrial furnaces and foundries to improve efficiency and safety. It is also used to prevent the spread of fire.
1106:
Weiner, Ethan. Acoustic
Treatment and Design for Recording Studios and Listening Rooms. "Without question, the most effective absorber for midrange and high frequencies is rigid fiberglass."
458:
There are several types of high-temperature mineral wool made from different types of minerals. The mineral chosen results in different material properties and classification temperatures.
523:. It was one of the first types of high-temperature mineral wool invented and has been used into the 21st century. It can withstand temperatures close to 1,650 °C (3,000 °F).
958:
Recommendation from the
Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits for man made-mineral fibres (MMMF) with no indication for carcinogenicity and not specified elsewhere
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450:) is typically 100 °C to 150 °C below the classification temperature. Products made of polycrystalline wool can generally be used up to the classification temperature.
374:. The process involved blowing a strong stream of air across a falling flow of liquid iron slag which was similar to the natural occurrence of fine strands of volcanic slag from
1132:
826:
On 13 January 2010, some of the aluminosilicate refractory ceramic fibers and zirconia aluminosilicate refractory ceramic fibers have been included in the candidate list of
1119:
Houghton, Matt. Sound On Sound. "What is the best density for a good, fairly wide-spectrum absorber? . . .try looking for mineral wool in the region of 45-75kg/m3."
434:
in a neutral atmosphere. Depending on the type of product, the value may not exceed two percent for boards and shaped products and four percent for mats and papers.
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and health profile are the main advantages of those materials. Their drawbacks when compared to mineral wool are their substantially lower mold resistance, higher
791:
466:
AES wool consists of amorphous glass fibers that are produced by melting a combination of calcium oxide (CaO−), magnesium oxide (MgO−), and silicon dioxide (SiO
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478:
Alumino silicate wool, also known as refractory ceramic fiber (RCF), consists of amorphous fibers produced by melting a combination of aluminum oxide (Al
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of mineral wool makes them initially unsuitable to plant growth and requires "conditioning" to produce a wool with an appropriate, stable pH.
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798:) for mineral wool fiber exposure in the workplace as 15 mg/m total exposure and 5 mg/m respiratory exposure over an 8-hour workday. The
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costly to produce and has limited availability, it is almost exclusively used in high-temperature industrial applications and processes.
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758:). These include refractory ceramic fibers, which are used industrially as insulation in high-temperature environments such as
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Mineral wool products can be engineered to hold large quantities of water and air that aid root growth and nutrient uptake in
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People can be exposed to mineral wool fibers in the workplace by breathing them in, skin contact, and eye contact. The
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Conditioning methods include pre-soaking mineral wool in a nutrient solution adjusted to pH 5.5 until it stops bubbling
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very well, when pressed into rolls and sheets, their ability to partition air makes them excellent insulators and
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Due to the mineral wool non-degradability and potential health risks, substitute materials are being developed:
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702:; their fibrous nature also provides a good mechanical structure to hold the plant stable. The naturally high
170:
1189:
IARC Monographs on the
Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Volume 81 (2002), Man-made Vitreous Fibres
1177:
IARC Monographs on the
Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Volume 81 (2002), Man-made Vitreous Fibres
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of man-made mineral fibers in
October 2002. The IARC Monograph's working group concluded only the more
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Duty to communicate safe use information or responding to customer requests -REACH Regulation Art. 33
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fiber, are entirely artificial fibers that can be made into different shapes and are spiky to touch.
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PCW wools are not classified; self-classification led to the conclusion that PCW are not hazardous.
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temperature to which the materials are exposed, different stable crystalline phases may form.
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AES is exempted from carcinogen classification based on short-term in vitro study result.
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Instruction Sheets similar to Safety data sheet are also available from each producer.
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572:. Though not immune to the effects of a sufficiently hot fire, the fire resistance of
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VDI Guideline: VDI 3469 Part 1 - Overview Part 5 – High-Temperature
Insulation Wool
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The use of high-temperature mineral wool enables a more lightweight construction of
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Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events of the Year 1891
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Review of published data on exposure to mineral wool during installation work
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Industrial furnace in operation, equipped with high-temperature mineral wool
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1031:"High temperature insulation wool - Production, Properties, Classification"
806:(REL) of 5 mg/m total exposure and 3 fibers per cm over an 8-hour workday.
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materials remain classified by IARC as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" (
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Kaowool is a type of high-temperature mineral wool made from the mineral
363:
States in 1870 by John Player and first produced commercially in 1871 at
906:(hemp insulation: 0.040 Wmk, mineral wool insulation: 0.030-0.045 Wmk).
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506:) at greater than 70 percent of the total materials and is produced by
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Polycrystalline wool consists of fibers that contain aluminum oxide (Al
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Industrial furnace equipped with high-temperature mineral wool modules
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Lekavicius, V.; Shipkovs, P.; Ivanovs, S.; Rucins, A. (2015-02-01).
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Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals
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created by strong winds blowing apart the slag during an eruption.
1202:"CDC – NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards – Mineral wool fiber"
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Statistics Canada documents on shipments of mineral wool in Canada
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Assessment of airborne mineral wool fibres in domestic houses
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http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/oct10/articles/qa-1010-2.htm
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http://www.ethanwiner.com/acoustics.html#rigid%20fiberglass
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Provision of Safety Data Sheet- REACH Regulation Art. 31.1
246:
Mineral wool pipe covering applied to a steel pipe for a
1227:"Thermo-Insulation Properties Of Hemp-Based Products"
800:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
973:... London: E. & F. N. Spon, 18831892. Page 439
144:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
19:"Rockwool" redirects here. For a manufacturer, see
1231:Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences
989:. New Series vol. 16. New York: 1892. 528. Print.
816:ASW/RCF is classified as carcinogen category 1B.
447:
924:, a mineral fiber having high tensile strength
838:Notification to ECHA -REACH Regulation Art. 7
792:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
8:
870:Substitutes for mineral wool in construction
861:In after-use high-temperature mineral wool
744:International Agency for Research on Cancer
60:Learn how and when to remove these messages
981:
979:
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222:Learn how and when to remove this message
204:Learn how and when to remove this message
854:so that no crystalline phases may form.
649:
97:of all important aspects of the article.
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462:Alkaline earth silicate wool (AES wool)
93:Please consider expanding the lead to
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918:, a mineral that is naturally fibrous
783:control of the chemical composition.
389:Common insulation applications in an
283:Applications of mineral wool include
7:
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894:insulations are the most prominent.
358:Slag wool was first made in 1840 in
142:adding citations to reliable sources
16:Fiber made from spun molten minerals
531:Stone wool is a furnace product of
334:Specific mineral wool products are
1296:Institute of Occupational Medicine
1286:Institute of Occupational Medicine
1284:by A Jones and A Sanchez Jimenez,
1150:Tom Alexander; Don Parker (1994).
985:"Mineral Wool or Mineral Cotton",
635:medium, and as a growth medium in
14:
588:is required, being used as spray
41:This article has multiple issues.
794:(OSHA) has set the legal limit (
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71:
30:
828:Substances of Very High Concern
652:Heat resistance of mineral wool
442:high-temperature mineral wool (
129:needs additional citations for
85:may be too short to adequately
49:or discuss these issues on the
762:, and certain special-purpose
401:High-temperature mineral wool
315:Mineral wool is also known as
95:provide an accessible overview
1:
1312:Building insulation materials
738:Mineral wool under microscope
714:High-temperature mineral wool
615:, as filler in compounds for
564:Though the individual fibers
544:. Mineral wool may contain a
1191:, Overall evaluation, p. 339
1156:. New Moon Publishing, Inc.
474:Alumino silicate wool (ASW)
1335:
1003:"HISTORY OF HTIW PRODUCTS"
938:Risk and Safety Statements
804:recommended exposure limit
796:permissible exposure limit
494:Polycrystalline wool (PCW)
486:) and silicon dioxide (SiO
272:or rock materials such as
18:
1294:by J Dodgson and others.
580:fibers makes them common
1298:Research Report TM/87/18
1288:Research Report TM/11/01
1153:The Best of Growing Edge
586:passive fire protection
342:. Europe also includes
329:man-made vitreous fiber
1252:10.1515/lpts-2015-0004
902:, and slightly higher
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21:Rockwool International
1055:"Biosolubility FAQ's"
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346:which, together with
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238:Mineral wool close-up
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904:thermal conductivity
746:(IARC) reviewed the
138:improve this article
1243:2015LatJP..52a..38L
723:industrial furnaces
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613:resin bonded panels
556:to reduce dusting.
260:material formed by
1091:"Thermal Ceramics"
863:crystalline silica
849:Crystalline silica
802:(NIOSH) has set a
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730:Safety of material
683:Ceramic fiber wool
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611:Other uses are in
600:assemblies and as
582:building materials
576:, stone wool, and
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1206:www.cdc.gov
933:Pele's hair
764:glass wools
700:hydroponics
694:Hydroponics
637:hydroponics
542:micrometers
533:molten rock
527:Manufacture
426:Definitions
380:Pele's hair
194:August 2018
103:August 2018
1306:Categories
1211:2015-11-27
1064:2019-01-19
1040:2018-06-24
1013:2018-08-08
944:References
928:Glass wool
674:Stone wool
666:Glass wool
629:automotive
621:brake pads
574:fiberglass
550:terpolymer
548:, often a
344:glass wool
336:stone wool
305:hydroponic
297:filtration
164:newspapers
46:improve it
1317:Materials
1261:0868-8257
1137:Amazon UK
633:filtering
606:firestops
552:, and an
440:amorphous
369:Osnabrück
340:slag wool
287:(as both
248:fire test
87:summarize
52:talk page
916:Asbestos
910:See also
756:Group 2B
658:Material
645:coatings
625:plastics
331:(MMVF).
278:ceramics
262:spinning
1239:Bibcode
769:Group 3
627:in the
617:gaskets
602:packing
598:drywall
578:ceramic
515:Kaowool
378:called
376:Kilauea
372:Germany
354:History
348:ceramic
270:mineral
268:molten
266:drawing
258:fibrous
256:is any
178:scholar
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521:kaolin
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360:Wales
185:JSTOR
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1257:ISSN
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892:cork
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884:wool
880:flax
876:hemp
742:The
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