2794:
1602:
943:
577:
2099:
603:
564:
538:
525:
512:
1157:
25:
590:
482:
468:
455:
551:
3228:
historically Greek-speaking villages are
Condofuri, Galliciano, Roccaforte del Greco, Roghudi, Bova and Bova Marina, which are in the Calabria region (the capital of which is Reggio). The Grecanic region, including Reggio, has a population of some 200,000, while speakers of the Griko dialect number fewer that 1,000 persons.
1570:
has led to a phonological system in Modern Greek that is significantly different from that of
Ancient Greek. Instead of the complex vowel system of Ancient Greek, with its four vowel-height levels, length distinction, and multiple diphthongs, Modern Greek has a simple system of five vowels. This came
1252:
in 1923. Cappadocian Greek diverged from the other
Byzantine Greek dialects earlier, beginning with the Turkish conquests of central Asia Minor in the 11th and 12th centuries, and so developed several radical features, such as the loss of the gender for nouns. Having been isolated from the crusader
2189:
were used until 1982, when they were officially dropped from Greek spelling as no longer corresponding to the modern pronunciation of the language. Monotonic orthography is today used in official usage, in schools and for most purposes of everyday writing in Greece. Polytonic orthography, besides
1345:
3227:
The Greek
Italian community numbers some 30,000 and is concentrated mainly in central Italy. The age-old presence in Italy of Italians of Greek descent – dating back to Byzantine and Classical times – is attested to by the Griko dialect, which is still spoken in the Magna Graecia region. This
968:
vowel phonemes: becomes , becomes , and and are dropped. The dropped vowels' existence is implicit, and may affect surrounding phonemes: for example, a dropped palatalizes preceding consonants, just like an that is pronounced. Southern variants do not exhibit these phonological shifts.
954:
Demotic Greek comprises various regional varieties with minor linguistic differences, mainly in phonology and vocabulary. Due to the high degree of mutual intelligibility of these varieties, Greek linguists refer to them as "idioms" of a wider "Demotic dialect", known as "Koine Modern Greek"
4408:
961:- 'common Neo-Hellenic'). Most English-speaking linguists however refer to them as "dialects", emphasizing degrees of variation only when necessary. Demotic Greek varieties are divided into two main groups, Northern and Southern.
3144:
It is difficult to know how many ethnic Greeks there are in
Albania. The Greek government, it is typically claimed, says there are around 300,000 ethnic Greeks in Albania, but most Western estimates are around the 200,000
2451:, respectively. All those letters represent fricatives in Modern Greek, but they were used for occlusives with the same (or with a similar) articulation point in Ancient Greek. Before mid or close front vowels (
950:
Today, a standardized variety of
Demotic Greek is the official language of Greece and Cyprus, and is referred to as "Standard Modern Greek", or less strictly simply as "Greek", "Modern Greek", or "Demotic".
3059:} Oloi oi anthropoi genniountai eleutheroi kai isoi stin axioprepeia kai ta dikaiomata. Einai proikismenoi me logiki kai syneidisi, kai ofeiloun na symperiferontai metaxy tous me pneuma adelfosynis.
3052:} Όλοι οι άνθρωποι γεννιούνται ελεύθεροι και ίσοι στην αξιοπρέπεια και τα δικαιώματα. Είναι προικισμένοι με λογική και συνείδηση, και οφείλουν να συμπεριφέρονται μεταξύ τους με πνεύμα αδελφοσύνης.
1265:, whose name means "Roman", referring to his residence amongst the "Roman" Greek speakers of Cappadocia, wrote a few poems in Cappadocian Greek, one of the earliest attestations of the dialect.
2085:
834:
in 1453, even though that date marks no clear linguistic boundary and many characteristic features of the modern language arose centuries earlier, having begun around the fourth century AD.
1529:
Greco-Australian is an
Australian-based dialect of Greek that is spoken by the Greek diaspora of Australia, including Greek immigrants living in Australia and Australians of Greek descent.
1420:
in late antiquity and continuing through the Middle Ages. Griko and
Demotic are mutually intelligible to some extent, but the former shares some common characteristics with Tsakonian.
1138:
Greek script. Also, while
Demotic Greek contains loanwords from Turkish, Italian, Latin, and other languages, these have for the most part been purged from Katharevousa. See also the
2736:
is extremely rare, but could be heard in literary and scholarly words or when reading ancient texts (by a few readers); normally it retains its "original" pronunciation only in the
3066:} Óli i ánthropi yeniúnde eléftheri ke ísi stin aksioprépia ke ta dhikeómata. Íne prikizméni me loyikí ke sinídhisi, ke ofílun na simberiféronde metaksí tus me pnévma adhelfosínis.
1213:
due to ancient colonizations of the region. Pontic evolved as a separate dialect from
Demotic Greek as a result of the region's isolation from the Greek mainstream after the
3075:
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
4593:
4451:
2129:
1249:
1194:
4347:
4179:
3498:
G. Th. Pavlidis and V. Giannouli, "Spelling Errors Accurately Differentiate USA-Speakers from Greek Dyslexics: Ιmplications for Causality and Treatment"
3422:
867:
Varieties of Modern Greek include Demotic, Katharevousa, Pontic, Cappadocian, Mariupolitan, Southern Italian, Yevanic, Tsakonian and Greco-Australian.
4418:
3784:
3458:
3188:
4383:
1507:
It has limited input from Hellenistic Koine and is significantly different from and not mutually intelligible with other Greek varieties (such as
2194:
purposes, and in everyday use by some conservative writers and elderly people. The Greek Orthodox Church continues to use polytonic and the late
3412:
Dawkins, Richard M. "The Pontic dialect of Modern Greek in Asia Minor and Russia". Transactions of the Philological Society 36.1 (1937): 15–52.
3690:
841:, with regional spoken dialects existing side by side with learned, more archaic written forms, as with the vernacular and learned varieties (
3137:
2996:
4444:
3738:
2122:
1500:, and partially spoken further afield in the area. Tsakonian evolved directly from Laconian (ancient Spartan) and therefore descends from
3162:
2526:
1554:
1308:, until that latter state fell to the Ottomans in 1461. Thereafter, the Crimean Greek state continued to exist as the independent Greek
1328:
to escape the then Muslim-dominated Crimea. Mariupolitan's main features have certain similarities with both Pontic (e.g. the lack of
3608:
3589:
3511:
3328:
3303:
3278:
3218:
2975:
are still widely used, especially in writing and in more formal speech, as well as in some everyday expressions, such as the dative
108:
1553:
1257:) and the later Venetian influence of the Greek coast, it retained the Ancient Greek terms for many words that were replaced with
2534:
2510:
2142:
Modern Greek is written in the Greek alphabet, which has 24 letters, each with a capital and lowercase (small) form. The letter
1325:
4437:
4337:
2687:
2655:
2454:
2386:
2230:
2115:
737:
3709:
3677:
4598:
46:
3316:
89:
4342:
4247:
3729:
2518:
1840:
624:
42:
3388:
61:
3777:
3672:
2703:
2671:
2542:
2394:
2264:
2166:, where historical spellings are used if their pronunciation matches modern usage. The correspondence between consonant
4006:
3661:
Greek online course "Greek by Radio" from Cyprus radio broadcasting CyBC in English, 105 lessons with Real audio files
3038:
2695:
2663:
2498:
2462:
2247:
619:
1244:) is a Greek dialect of central Turkey of the same fate as Pontic; its speakers settled in mainland Greece after the
68:
3747:
2402:
2213:
2726:
may be pronounced in some words ( before front vowels and before back ones). The pronunciation for the digraph
2198:
and the Holy Synod of the Church of Greece have requested the reintroduction of polytonic as the official script.
1552:
35:
4393:
4048:
2869:
2446:
1374:
1353:
862:
823:
409:
2949:
Modern Greek has developed a simpler system of grammatical prefixes marking tense and aspect of a verb, such as
1389:. The Southern Italian dialect is the last living trace of Hellenic elements in Southern Italy that once formed
4311:
4151:
3634:
2840:
2793:
2711:
2679:
2550:
2490:
2281:
1524:
1309:
915:
poems, Demotic Greek was the vernacular already before the 11th century and called the "Roman" language of the
747:
722:
75:
645:
4373:
4321:
4252:
4171:
3770:
3463:
2950:
2576:
2410:
2195:
1848:
1493:
1139:
822:
spoken in the modern era, including the official standardized form of the language sometimes referred to as
676:
663:
377:
235:
4282:
4190:
4099:
3928:
2737:
2647:
2610:
2596:
2582:
2568:
2438:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2102:
1572:
1538:
904:
3240:
3196:
1300:. Mariupolitan Greek is closely related to Pontic Greek and evolved from the dialect of Greek spoken in
57:
4398:
4286:
4206:
4185:
4136:
2159:
2155:
1975:
1135:
1097:
964:
The main distinguishing feature common to Northern variants is a set of standard phonological shifts in
318:
198:
3163:"Reservations and Declarations for Treaty No.148 - European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages"
3374:
Meyer, G. 1895. Die griechischen Verse in Rabâbnâma. Byzantinische Zeitschrift 4: 401–411. (in German)
4523:
4388:
4368:
4316:
4216:
4175:
3845:
2788:
2709:
2701:
2693:
2685:
2677:
2669:
2661:
2653:
2645:
2639:
2637:
2574:
2566:
2548:
2540:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2496:
2488:
2460:
2452:
2444:
2436:
2408:
2400:
2392:
2384:
2279:
2262:
2245:
2228:
2211:
2190:
being used for older varieties of Greek, is still used in book printing, especially for academic and
2151:
281:
3271:
The Interrelation between the Right to Identity of Minorities and their Socio-economic Participation
2971:
Because of the influence of Katharevousa, however, Demotic is not commonly used in its purest form.
2816:. Modern Greek and Albanian are the only two modern Indo-European languages that retain a synthetic
4363:
4211:
3991:
3949:
3817:
3687:
1591:
1344:
1317:
1305:
1218:
2968:), although Greek does not show all typical Balkan areal features, such as the postposed article.
1288:) or Mariupolitan Greek is a dialect spoken in about 17 villages around the northern coast of the
1127:
promoted in the 19th century at the foundation of the modern Greek state, as a compromise between
4141:
4076:
4038:
3827:
2942:
2825:
2813:
2069:
1965:
1474:
985:
908:
362:
240:
3578:Ιστορία της ελληνικής γλώσσας: (τέσσερις μελέτες) (History of the Greek language: four studies)
2684:). When these digraphs are preceded by a vowel, they are pronounced and before front vowels (
4267:
4232:
4094:
4070:
3604:
3585:
3507:
3324:
3299:
3274:
3133:
3129:
Eastern Europe at the Turn of the Twenty-first Century: A Guide to the Economies in Transition
2965:
2886:
2828:
2175:
2064:
2054:
2004:
1999:
1587:
1542:
1453:. The language was already in decline for centuries until most of its speakers were killed in
1258:
1230:
1202:
1169:
357:
3127:
4303:
4272:
4146:
4015:
3837:
2186:
1955:
1933:
1601:
1429:
916:
831:
367:
165:
2964:
Most of these features are shared with other languages spoken in the Balkan peninsula (see
830:
period and the beginning of Modern Greek is often symbolically assigned to the fall of the
4532:
4413:
4403:
4109:
3944:
3858:
3822:
3812:
3713:
3694:
3031:
2821:
2059:
1992:
1960:
1409:
1190:
1186:
1156:
1128:
942:
912:
337:
227:
82:
3643:
1488:) is spoken in its full form today only in a small number of villages around the town of
1201:
escaped these events and still reside in the Pontic villages of Turkey.) It derives from
3678:
Triantafyllides Dictionary for Standard Modern Greek (Lexicon of the Modern Greek Koine)
3350:
1189:
region, until most of its speakers were killed or displaced to modern Greece during the
4559:
4461:
4262:
4257:
4242:
4126:
4114:
3897:
3793:
3547:
3523:
3000:
2936:
2901:
2504:
2191:
2026:
2011:
1980:
1887:
1677:
1609:
1583:
1546:
1450:
1274:
1254:
1245:
1214:
1206:
1185:) was originally spoken along the mountainous Black Sea coast of Turkey, the so-called
1050:
1039:
977:
932:
827:
819:
782:
728:
487:
428:
421:
296:
245:
142:
714:
4587:
4541:
4378:
4277:
4104:
4089:
4057:
4001:
3996:
3971:
3871:
3241:"Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 - Chapter 1: Founding Provisions"
2954:
2883:
2859:
2817:
1508:
1462:
1454:
1394:
1390:
1349:
1087:
924:
876:
432:
393:
382:
341:
286:
3682:
4131:
4084:
4064:
3939:
3807:
3706:
3581:
2147:
1945:
1940:
1879:
1793:
1563:
1512:
1198:
1172:
in green, with green dots indicating individual Cappadocian Greek villages in 1910.
1165:
1151:
1109:
1035:
849:
582:
401:
387:
347:
3365:Δέδες, Δ. 1993. Ποιήματα του Μαυλανά Ρουμή. Τα Ιστορικά 10.18–19: 3–22. (in Greek)
2945:
distinction in future tense between imperfective (present) and perfective (aorist)
2174:
is largely unique, but several of the vowels can be spelt in multiple ways. Thus
3266:
4550:
4033:
4025:
3983:
3966:
3961:
3884:
2854:
2163:
1821:
1811:
1685:
1649:
1631:
1567:
1501:
1497:
1413:
1336:) and the northern varieties of the core dialects (e.g. the northern vocalism).
1313:
1289:
1210:
1046:
1013:
900:
681:
668:
291:
254:
250:
24:
3743:
3352:
Modern Greek in Asia Minor. A study of dialect of Silli, Cappadocia and Pharasa
2565:
tends to be pronounced further back than a prototypical velar, between a velar
837:
During most of the Modern Greek period, the language existed in a situation of
3384:
3317:"On Clitics, Prepositions and Case Licensing in Standard and Macedonian Greek"
3195:. Public Foundation for European Comparative Minority Research. Archived from
2958:
2874:
2864:
2146:
additionally has a special final form. There are two diacritical symbols, the
1950:
1457:. Afterward, the language was mostly kept by remaining Romaniote emigrants to
1131:
and modern Demotic. It was the official language of modern Greece until 1976.
1083:
351:
4293:
3735:
Institute of Modern Greek Studies of the Manolis Triandaphyllidis Foundation
1329:
1124:
853:) that co-existed in Greece throughout much of the 19th and 20th centuries.
838:
707:
691:
655:
637:
3296:
The Generative Interpretation of Dialect. A Study of Modern Greek Phonology
3267:"A Surviving Treaty: The Lausanne Minority Protection in Greece and Turkey"
3108:
698:
4237:
3487:
2972:
2798:
2179:
2171:
1576:
1489:
1412:
colonisers who re-introduced Greek language to the region, starting with
1382:
1321:
1064:
1001:
989:
928:
843:
755:
743:
183:
174:
3319:. In Alexiadou, Artemis; Horrocks, Geoffrey C.; Stavrou, Melita (eds.).
899:
varieties of Modern Greek that followed a common evolutionary path from
4121:
3504:
Literacy Acquisition: The Role of Phonology, Morphology and Orthography
2167:
2018:
1905:
1861:
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187:
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1803:
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1301:
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1054:
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1027:
1023:
1009:
997:
993:
981:
936:
920:
595:
473:
460:
372:
208:
170:
157:
153:
16:
Dialects and varieties of the Greek language spoken in the modern era
3734:
3273:. Leiden and Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 294–295.
3193:
Database for the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
2503:, respectively, which, in some dialects, notably those of Crete and
2201:
The Greek vowel letters and digraphs with their pronunciations are:
3655:
2995:
The following is a sample text in Modern Greek of Article 1 of the
2807:
Psaron (in genitive) Street, historic island of the 1821 Revolution
1515:). Some linguists consider it a separate language because of this.
2802:
2143:
2034:
1985:
1970:
1916:
1829:
1785:
1749:
1721:
1659:
1623:
1550:
1417:
1378:
1075:
1068:
1005:
556:
179:
3762:
1594:. Modern Greek has not preserved length in vowels or consonants.
4429:
3660:
3625:
1900:
1869:
1767:
1713:
1641:
1262:
4433:
3766:
3752:
3744:
Center for the Research of the Modern Greek Dialects and Idioms
3725:
3629:
1304:, which was a part of the Byzantine Empire and then the Pontic
3673:
Greek–English Dictionary Georgacas for Modern Greek Literature
2981:('okay', literally 'in order') or the third person imperative
2939:
forms for certain verb forms (in particular the perfect tense)
1775:
1739:
1731:
1703:
18:
3459:"Tongues of Greek Australia: An Anglicised Hellenic language"
2982:
2976:
2928:
2922:
2916:
2910:
2904:
1483:
1016:. The Southern category is divided into groups that include:
1217:
fragmented the Byzantine Empire into separate kingdoms (see
3548:"Την επαναφορά του πολυτονικού ζητά η Διαρκής Ιερά Σύνοδος"
3524:""Φιλιππικός" Χριστόδουλου κατά του μονοτονικού συστήματος"
2539:, respectively. Μoreover, before mid or close back vowels (
1582:
Modern Greek consonants are plain (voiceless unaspirated)
1408:
It has received significant Koine Greek influence through
1381:
varieties, spoken by around 15 villages in the regions of
754:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
3576:Ανδριώτης (Andriotis), Νικόλαος Π. (Nikolaos P.) (1995).
3757:
3638:
2328:
respectively before vowels and voiced consonants, and
1571:
about through a series of mergers, especially towards
2668:) and tend to be pronounced before the back vowels (
946:
The distribution of major modern Greek dialect areas.
3626:
Portal for the Greek Language (modern & ancient)
3344:
3342:
3340:
4356:
4330:
4302:
4225:
4199:
4164:
4047:
4024:
3927:
3920:
3836:
3800:
809:
793:
776:
721:
705:
689:
653:
635:
630:
618:
497:
443:
438:
418:
327:
309:
274:
224:
214:
204:
194:
149:
137:
123:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2839:Modern Greek has changed from Classical Greek in
2933:), which marks future tense and conditional mood
1312:. The Greek-speaking inhabitants of Crimea were
3219:"Italy: Cultural Relations and Greek Community"
798:), generally referred to by speakers simply as
3758:Institute for Language & Speech Processing
3639:Institute for Language & Speech Processing
3223:Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs
2877:(except the perfect middle-passive participle)
2158:marking a vowel letter as not being part of a
4445:
3778:
2123:
1438:
1250:Population exchange between Greece and Turkey
1195:population exchange between Greece and Turkey
8:
4348:Institute for Language and Speech Processing
2961:and some distinct forms in the declensions.
2162:. Greek has a mixed historical and phonemic
1096:Demotic Greek has officially been taught in
2847:, losing some features and gaining others.
2772:
2762:
2752:
2742:
2729:
2719:
2629:
2619:
2602:
2588:
2558:
2480:
2470:
2428:
2418:
2376:
2366:
2356:
2346:
2309:
2299:
2289:
2272:
2255:
2238:
2221:
2204:
1444:
1368:
1283:
1239:
1180:
1118:
1071:, and several enclaves in Syria and Lebanon
956:
890:
803:
787:
129:
4470:
4452:
4438:
4430:
3924:
3785:
3771:
3763:
2340:respectively before voiceless consonants.
2130:
2116:
1596:
120:
3385:"Greek Verses of Rumi & Sultan Walad"
3167:Official Website of the Council of Europe
405:(artificial, base for the St. Mod. Greek)
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
4594:Languages attested from the 15th century
4419:Comparison of Ancient Greek dictionaries
3355:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2792:
1343:
1155:
941:
3753:The Cyprus Linguistics Society (CyLing)
3688:English–Greek Dictionary (Modern Greek)
3157:
3155:
3153:
3100:
3085:
2077:
2046:
1926:
1839:
1608:
748:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
2997:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
2957:, and has lost some patterns of noun
1397:settlers who colonised the area from
1160:Anatolian Greek dialects until 1923.
781:
326:
141:
7:
3739:Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
3391:from the original on 8 October 2017.
1439:
47:adding citations to reliable sources
3656:Online course "Filoglossia" by ILSP
3402:The Greek Poetry of Jalaluddin Rumi
1449:) is an almost extinct language of
1393:. Its origins can be traced to the
1193:(1919–1921), followed later by the
903:and have retained a high degree of
3265:Tsitselikis, Konstantinos (2013).
3113:Ethnologue: Languages of the World
2824:is a recent innovation based on a
1348:Areas in Southern Italy where the
972:Examples of Northern dialects are
14:
3601:Storia della letteratura neogreca
1261:ones in Demotic Greek. The poet
1209:and preserves characteristics of
3707:Illustrated Modern Greek grammar
3457:Kalimniou, Dean (29 June 2020).
2835:Differences from Classical Greek
2098:
2097:
1600:
601:
588:
575:
562:
549:
536:
523:
510:
480:
466:
453:
23:
4502:300 BC – AD 600
4338:Hellenic Foundation for Culture
3683:Modern Greek - English glossary
1320:to resettle in the new city of
1199:Muslim speakers of Pontic Greek
34:needs additional citations for
814:), refers collectively to the
1:
4507:
4499:
4491:
4483:
4475:
4343:Center for the Greek Language
3901:
3888:
3875:
3862:
3849:
3730:Center for the Greek Language
3644:Audio example of Modern Greek
3630:Center for the Greek Language
3269:. In Henrard, Kristin (ed.).
2759:prevents the sonorization of
625:Center for the Greek Language
397:(base for the St. Mod. Greek)
3315:Dimitriadis, Alexis (1999).
1927:Diacritics and other symbols
1461:, where it was displaced by
1161:
907:to the present. As shown in
3667:Dictionaries and glossaries
3012:
1326:Russo-Turkish War (1768–74)
1197:in 1923. (Small numbers of
1134:Katharevousa is written in
957:
810:
794:
777:
4615:
3748:Academy of Athens (modern)
3584:): Ίδρυμα Τριανταφυλλίδη.
2983:
2977:
2929:
2923:
2917:
2911:
2905:
2812:Modern Greek is largely a
2786:
2415:respectively. The letters
1536:
1522:
1484:
1472:
1427:
1272:
1248:(1919–1921) and the later
1228:
1149:
1107:
874:
860:
4468:
3447:Kontosopoulos (2008), 109
3132:. Routledge. p. 69.
2773:
2763:
2753:
2743:
2730:
2720:
2636:are generally pronounced
2630:
2620:
2603:
2589:
2559:
2507:, are further fronted to
2481:
2471:
2429:
2419:
2377:
2367:
2357:
2347:
2310:
2300:
2290:
2273:
2256:
2239:
2222:
2205:
2086:Use as scientific symbols
1590:, or voiced and unvoiced
1533:Phonology and orthography
1445:
1369:
1284:
1240:
1181:
1119:
1100:Greek script since 1982.
891:
863:Varieties of Modern Greek
804:
788:
772:
734:
445:Official language in
130:
128:
3635:Hellenic National Corpus
3502:R.M. Joshi et al. (eds)
3294:Based on: Brian Newton:
2700:) and before the back (
2595:stands for the sequence
1525:Greco-Australian dialect
1310:Principality of Theodoro
1057:, Boeotia, and Southern
919:, notably in peninsular
789:Κοινή Νεοελληνική Γλώσσα
220:13.4 million (2012)
4374:Greek language question
3321:Studies in Greek Syntax
2880:third person imperative
2196:Christodoulos of Athens
1140:Greek language question
795:Kiní Neoellinikí Glóssa
783:[ˈne.aeliniˈka]
143:[ˈne.aeliniˈka]
3423:"Greeks of the Steppe"
3349:Dawkins, R.M. (1916).
3126:Jeffries, Ian (2002).
3007:
2822:North Germanic passive
2809:
2487:are fronted, becoming
2047:Use in other languages
1850:Archaic local variants
1559:
1539:Modern Greek phonology
1357:
1173:
1045:Ionian-Peloponnesian:
947:
905:mutual intelligibility
736:This article contains
4599:Modern Greek language
3599:Vitti, Mario (2001).
2796:
2783:Syntax and morphology
2652:before front vowels (
2644:, but are fronted to
1557:
1347:
1159:
1022:Old Athenian-Maniot:
945:
824:Standard Modern Greek
319:Standard Modern Greek
199:Eastern Mediterranean
4384:Morphemes in English
4369:Eteocypriot language
3801:Origin and genealogy
3506:. Washington, 2003.
3115:(18 ed.). 2015.
3092:(protected language)
2789:Modern Greek grammar
1562:A series of radical
43:improve this article
4389:Terms of endearment
4364:Eteocretan language
4331:Promotion and study
3818:Pre-Greek substrate
3427:The Washington Post
3169:. Council of Europe
2240:η, ι, υ, ει, οι, υι
1558:Spoken Modern Greek
1356:dialects are spoken
1318:Catherine the Great
1306:Empire of Trebizond
1219:Empire of Trebizond
1038:(Old Athenian) and
881:Strictly speaking,
499:Recognised minority
4486:1600–1100 BC
4409:Greek Language Day
4039:Jewish Koine Greek
3828:Hellenic languages
3712:2019-07-11 at the
3693:2011-07-21 at the
3429:. 10 November 2012
3298:, Cambridge 1972,
3189:"Greek in Hungary"
2987:! ('long live!').
2909:(a contraction of
2814:synthetic language
2810:
2343:The Greek letters
2070:Old Italic scripts
1560:
1475:Tsakonian language
1358:
1174:
1063:Cretan-Cycladian:
948:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4575:
4478:3rd millennium BC
4427:
4426:
4233:Cypriot syllabary
4160:
4159:
4034:Hellenistic Koine
3603:. Roma: Carocci.
3139:978-0-415-23671-3
2966:Balkan sprachbund
2892:Features gained:
2829:reflexive pronoun
2187:diacritical signs
2140:
2139:
1922:
1921:
1835:
1834:
1555:
1543:Greek orthography
1492:in the region of
1373:) comprises both
1231:Cappadocian Greek
1170:Cappadocian Greek
958:Koiní Neoellinikí
895:), refers to all
826:. The end of the
762:
761:
744:rendering support
740:phonetic symbols.
620:Regulated by
119:
118:
111:
93:
4606:
4516:
4511:
4509:
4503:
4501:
4495:
4494:800–300 BC
4493:
4487:
4485:
4479:
4477:
4471:
4454:
4447:
4440:
4431:
4152:Greco-Australian
3925:
3906:
3903:
3893:
3890:
3880:
3877:
3867:
3864:
3854:
3851:
3787:
3780:
3773:
3764:
3726:Official website
3614:
3595:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3520:
3514:
3496:
3490:
3482:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3471:
3454:
3448:
3445:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3434:
3419:
3413:
3410:
3404:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3381:
3375:
3372:
3366:
3363:
3357:
3356:
3346:
3335:
3334:
3312:
3306:
3292:
3286:
3284:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3237:
3231:
3230:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3199:on 29 April 2013
3185:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3159:
3148:
3147:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3105:
3093:
3090:
2986:
2985:
2980:
2979:
2932:
2931:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2907:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2715:
2707:
2699:
2691:
2683:
2675:
2667:
2659:
2651:
2643:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2612:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2598:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2584:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2554:
2546:
2538:
2530:
2522:
2514:
2502:
2494:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2466:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2414:
2406:
2398:
2390:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2285:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2259:
2258:
2251:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2234:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2150:which indicates
2132:
2125:
2118:
2101:
2100:
2038:
2030:
2022:
1855:
1854:
1617:
1616:
1604:
1597:
1574:
1556:
1519:Greco-Australian
1496:in the Southern
1487:
1486:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1441:
1430:Yevanic language
1372:
1371:
1361:Southern Italian
1340:Southern Italian
1287:
1286:
1243:
1242:
1184:
1183:
1122:
1121:
960:
917:Byzantine Greeks
894:
893:
832:Byzantine Empire
813:
807:
806:
797:
791:
790:
785:
780:
774:
717:
701:
694:
685:
679:
672:
666:
658:
649:
648:
640:
607:
605:
604:
594:
592:
591:
581:
579:
578:
568:
566:
565:
555:
553:
552:
542:
540:
539:
529:
527:
526:
516:
514:
513:
501:language in
486:
484:
483:
472:
470:
469:
459:
457:
456:
424:
230:
166:Southern Albania
145:
133:
132:
121:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
4614:
4613:
4609:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4604:
4603:
4584:
4583:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4563:
4554:
4545:
4536:
4527:
4514:
4506:
4498:
4490:
4482:
4474:
4464:
4458:
4428:
4423:
4414:Trojan language
4404:Minoan language
4352:
4326:
4298:
4226:Writing systems
4221:
4217:Standard Modern
4195:
4191:Standard Modern
4156:
4110:Greco/Calabrian
4043:
4020:
3916:
3904:
3891:
3878:
3865:
3859:Mycenaean Greek
3852:
3832:
3823:Graeco-Phrygian
3813:Graeco-Armenian
3796:
3791:
3714:Wayback Machine
3695:Wayback Machine
3622:
3617:
3611:
3598:
3592:
3580:. Θεσσαλονίκη (
3575:
3571:
3569:Further reading
3566:
3565:
3556:
3554:
3546:
3545:
3541:
3532:
3530:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3497:
3493:
3483:
3479:
3469:
3467:
3456:
3455:
3451:
3446:
3442:
3432:
3430:
3421:
3420:
3416:
3411:
3407:
3400:
3396:
3383:
3382:
3378:
3373:
3369:
3364:
3360:
3348:
3347:
3338:
3331:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3293:
3289:
3281:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3249:
3247:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3225:. 9 July 2013.
3217:
3216:
3212:
3202:
3200:
3187:
3186:
3182:
3172:
3170:
3161:
3160:
3151:
3140:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3097:
3096:
3091:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3046:
3032:transliteration
3024:
2993:
2850:Features lost:
2837:
2826:grammaticalized
2797:Street sign in
2791:
2785:
2770:
2760:
2750:
2740:
2727:
2717:
2716:). The digraph
2627:
2617:
2600:
2586:
2556:
2478:
2468:
2435:are pronounced
2426:
2416:
2383:are pronounced
2374:
2364:
2354:
2344:
2316:are pronounced
2307:
2297:
2287:
2286:. The digraphs
2270:
2253:
2236:
2219:
2202:
2136:
2107:
2042:
2036:
2028:
2020:
2014:
2009:
1995:
1990:
1936:
1910:
1853:
1551:
1549:
1537:Main articles:
1535:
1527:
1521:
1477:
1471:
1432:
1426:
1416:'s conquest of
1410:Byzantine Greek
1342:
1277:
1271:
1233:
1227:
1191:Pontic genocide
1154:
1148:
1129:Classical Greek
1112:
1106:
1049:(except Mani),
909:Ptochoprodromic
879:
873:
865:
859:
742:Without proper
713:
697:
690:
675:
674:
673:
662:
661:
654:
644:
643:
636:
614:
613:
602:
600:
589:
587:
576:
574:
563:
561:
550:
548:
537:
535:
524:
522:
511:
509:
502:
500:
493:
481:
479:
467:
465:
454:
452:
446:
439:Official status
431:
425:
420:
338:Calabrian Greek
323:
312:
305:
277:
270:
231:
228:Language family
226:
217:
216:Native speakers
178:
169:
160:
156:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4612:
4610:
4602:
4601:
4596:
4586:
4585:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4573:
4566:
4564:
4557:
4555:
4548:
4546:
4539:
4537:
4530:
4528:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4512:
4510:600–1453
4504:
4496:
4488:
4480:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4449:
4442:
4434:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4360:
4358:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4334:
4332:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4308:
4306:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4290:
4289:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4263:Greek numerals
4260:
4258:Attic numerals
4255:
4250:
4243:Greek alphabet
4240:
4235:
4229:
4227:
4223:
4222:
4220:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4168:
4166:
4162:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4155:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4112:
4102:
4100:Constantinople
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4081:
4080:
4068:
4061:
4053:
4051:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4041:
4036:
4030:
4028:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4018:
4013:
4012:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3986:
3978:
3977:
3976:
3975:
3974:
3964:
3956:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3942:
3933:
3931:
3922:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3908:
3898:Medieval Greek
3895:
3882:
3869:
3856:
3842:
3840:
3834:
3833:
3831:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3794:Greek language
3792:
3790:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3767:
3761:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3741:
3732:
3717:
3716:
3698:
3697:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3664:
3663:
3658:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3632:
3621:
3620:External links
3618:
3616:
3615:
3609:
3596:
3590:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3539:
3515:
3491:
3477:
3449:
3440:
3414:
3405:
3394:
3376:
3367:
3358:
3336:
3329:
3307:
3287:
3279:
3257:
3232:
3210:
3180:
3149:
3138:
3118:
3099:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3025:
3006:
3005:
3001:United Nations
2992:
2989:
2947:
2946:
2940:
2937:auxiliary verb
2934:
2902:modal particle
2899:
2890:
2889:
2881:
2878:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2836:
2833:
2787:Main article:
2784:
2781:
2585:). The letter
2573:and an uvular
2182:is difficult.
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2080:
2079:
2078:Related topics
2075:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2032:
2024:
2015:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2002:
1996:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1937:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1867:
1864:
1859:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1824:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1806:
1801:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1773:
1770:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1742:
1737:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1724:
1719:
1716:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1698:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1662:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1647:
1644:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1626:
1621:
1613:
1612:
1610:Greek alphabet
1606:
1605:
1547:Greek alphabet
1534:
1531:
1523:Main article:
1520:
1517:
1473:Main article:
1470:
1467:
1451:Romaniote Jews
1428:Main article:
1425:
1422:
1370:Κατωιταλιώτικα
1341:
1338:
1275:Mariupol Greek
1273:Main article:
1270:
1267:
1255:Fourth Crusade
1246:Greek genocide
1229:Main article:
1226:
1223:
1215:Fourth Crusade
1207:Medieval Koine
1150:Main article:
1147:
1144:
1108:Main article:
1105:
1102:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1074:Southeastern:
1072:
1061:
1051:Ionian Islands
1043:
1040:Mani Peninsula
978:Constantinople
933:Constantinople
875:Main article:
872:
869:
861:Main article:
858:
855:
828:Medieval Greek
820:Greek language
760:
759:
746:, you may see
732:
731:
725:
719:
718:
711:
703:
702:
695:
687:
686:
659:
651:
650:
641:
633:
632:
631:Language codes
628:
627:
622:
616:
615:
612:
611:
598:
585:
572:
559:
546:
533:
520:
506:
505:
503:
498:
495:
494:
492:
491:
488:European Union
476:
463:
449:
447:
444:
441:
440:
436:
435:
429:Greek alphabet
426:
422:Writing system
419:
416:
415:
414:
413:
406:
398:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
345:
329:
325:
324:
322:
321:
315:
313:
311:Standard forms
310:
307:
306:
304:
303:
302:
301:
300:
299:
297:Medieval Greek
280:
278:
275:
272:
271:
269:
268:
267:
266:
265:
264:
263:
262:
234:
232:
225:
222:
221:
218:
215:
212:
211:
206:
202:
201:
196:
192:
191:
151:
150:Native to
147:
146:
139:
135:
134:
126:
125:
117:
116:
58:"Modern Greek"
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4611:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4571:
4570:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4556:
4553:
4552:
4547:
4544:
4543:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4520:
4519:
4513:
4505:
4497:
4489:
4481:
4473:
4472:
4467:
4463:
4455:
4450:
4448:
4443:
4441:
4436:
4435:
4432:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4329:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4305:
4301:
4295:
4292:
4288:
4284:
4283:Cyrillization
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4253:Archaic forms
4251:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4224:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4116:
4115:Griko/Apulian
4113:
4111:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4079:
4078:
4074:
4073:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4050:
4046:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4027:
4023:
4017:
4014:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3951:
3950:Arcadocypriot
3948:
3947:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3926:
3923:
3919:
3912:
3909:
3899:
3896:
3892: 300 BC
3886:
3883:
3873:
3872:Ancient Greek
3870:
3860:
3857:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3839:
3835:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3788:
3783:
3781:
3776:
3774:
3769:
3768:
3765:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3724:
3723:
3722:
3721:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3696:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3669:
3668:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3651:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3619:
3612:
3610:88-430-1680-6
3606:
3602:
3597:
3593:
3591:960-231-058-8
3587:
3583:
3579:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3553:
3549:
3543:
3540:
3529:
3525:
3519:
3516:
3513:
3512:1-58603-360-3
3509:
3505:
3501:
3495:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3481:
3478:
3466:
3465:
3460:
3453:
3450:
3444:
3441:
3428:
3424:
3418:
3415:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3398:
3395:
3390:
3386:
3380:
3377:
3371:
3368:
3362:
3359:
3354:
3353:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3332:
3330:9780792352907
3326:
3322:
3318:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3304:0-521-08497-0
3301:
3297:
3291:
3288:
3282:
3280:9789004244740
3276:
3272:
3268:
3261:
3258:
3246:
3242:
3236:
3233:
3229:
3224:
3220:
3214:
3211:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3184:
3181:
3168:
3164:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3145:mark ...
3141:
3135:
3131:
3130:
3122:
3119:
3114:
3110:
3104:
3101:
3089:
3086:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3060:
3058:
3053:
3051:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3039:transcription
3035:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3010:
3004:
3002:
2998:
2990:
2988:
2974:
2969:
2967:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2955:reduplication
2952:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2885:
2884:reduplicative
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2860:optative mood
2858:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2842:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2782:
2780:
2739:
2713:
2705:
2697:
2689:
2681:
2673:
2665:
2657:
2649:
2641:
2616:The digraphs
2614:
2581:(transcribed
2578:
2570:
2552:
2544:
2536:
2528:
2520:
2512:
2506:
2500:
2492:
2464:
2456:
2448:
2440:
2412:
2404:
2396:
2388:
2341:
2283:
2266:
2249:
2232:
2215:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2133:
2128:
2126:
2121:
2119:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2104:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2031:
2025:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2013:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1994:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1578:
1569:
1565:
1564:sound changes
1548:
1544:
1540:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1509:Demotic Greek
1505:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1481:
1476:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1463:modern Hebrew
1460:
1456:
1455:the Holocaust
1452:
1436:
1431:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1391:Magna Graecia
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1366:
1362:
1355:
1351:
1346:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1276:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1237:
1232:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1178:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1116:
1111:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1014:Sarakatsanika
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
970:
967:
962:
959:
952:
944:
940:
938:
934:
930:
926:
925:Greek islands
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
888:
884:
878:
877:Demotic Greek
870:
868:
864:
856:
854:
852:
851:
846:
845:
840:
835:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
812:
801:
796:
784:
779:
770:
766:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
739:
733:
730:
726:
724:
720:
716:
712:
710:
709:
704:
700:
696:
693:
688:
683:
678:
670:
665:
660:
657:
652:
647:
642:
639:
634:
629:
626:
623:
621:
617:
610:
599:
597:
586:
584:
573:
571:
560:
558:
547:
545:
534:
532:
521:
519:
508:
507:
504:
496:
490:
489:
477:
475:
464:
462:
451:
450:
448:
442:
437:
434:
433:Greek Braille
430:
427:
423:
417:
412:
411:
407:
404:
403:
399:
396:
395:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
353:
349:
346:
343:
339:
335:
332:
331:
330:
320:
317:
316:
314:
308:
298:
295:
294:
293:
290:
289:
288:
287:Ancient Greek
285:
284:
283:
279:
273:
261:
258:
257:
256:
252:
249:
248:
247:
244:
243:
242:
239:
238:
237:
236:Indo-European
233:
229:
223:
219:
213:
210:
207:
203:
200:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
176:
172:
167:
163:
159:
155:
152:
148:
144:
140:
138:Pronunciation
136:
127:
122:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
4568:
4567:
4558:
4549:
4540:
4531:
4522:
4287:Romanization
4137:Romano-Greek
4127:Mariupolitan
4075:
4065:Katharevousa
4063:
4056:
3913:(since 1453)
3911:Modern Greek
3910:
3808:Graeco-Aryan
3719:
3718:
3700:
3699:
3666:
3665:
3649:
3648:
3600:
3582:Thessaloniki
3577:
3555:. Retrieved
3551:
3542:
3531:. Retrieved
3527:
3518:
3503:
3499:
3494:
3484:
3480:
3468:. Retrieved
3462:
3452:
3443:
3431:. Retrieved
3426:
3417:
3408:
3397:
3379:
3370:
3361:
3351:
3323:. Springer.
3320:
3310:
3295:
3290:
3270:
3260:
3248:. Retrieved
3244:
3235:
3226:
3222:
3213:
3201:. Retrieved
3197:the original
3192:
3183:
3171:. Retrieved
3166:
3143:
3128:
3121:
3112:
3103:
3088:
3072:
3071:
3068:
3063:
3061:
3056:
3054:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3008:
2994:
2970:
2963:
2951:augmentation
2948:
2891:
2849:
2838:
2811:
2806:
2801:in honor of
2615:
2342:
2200:
2192:belletristic
2185:A number of
2184:
2178:is easy but
2148:acute accent
2141:
1849:
1588:voiced stops
1581:
1566:starting in
1561:
1528:
1513:Pontic Greek
1506:
1479:
1478:
1434:
1433:
1407:
1395:Dorian Greek
1364:
1360:
1359:
1333:
1292:in southern
1279:
1278:
1269:Mariupolitan
1235:
1234:
1176:
1175:
1152:Pontic Greek
1133:
1115:Katharevousa
1114:
1113:
1110:Katharevousa
1104:Katharevousa
1095:
971:
965:
963:
953:
949:
896:
886:
882:
880:
866:
850:Katharevousa
848:
842:
836:
799:
778:Néa Elliniká
773:Νέα Ελληνικά
765:Modern Greek
764:
763:
735:
723:Linguasphere
706:
583:South Africa
478:
408:
402:Katharevousa
400:
392:
352:Mariupolitan
260:Modern Greek
259:
131:Νέα Ελληνικά
124:Modern Greek
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
4524:Proto-Greek
4394:Place names
4268:Orthography
4077:Misthiotika
4071:Cappadocian
3885:Koine Greek
3866: 1600
3853: 2900
3846:Proto-Greek
3464:Neos Kosmos
2991:Sample text
2875:participles
2870:dual number
2855:dative case
2164:orthography
1568:Koine Greek
1502:Doric Greek
1498:Peloponnese
1405:in 700 BC.
1290:Sea of Azov
1253:conquests (
1241:Καππαδοκικά
1236:Cappadocian
1225:Cappadocian
1203:Hellenistic
1168:in orange.
1164:in yellow.
1120:Καθαρεύουσα
1047:Peloponnese
996:, Northern
750:instead of
358:Cappadocian
350:(including
292:Koine Greek
282:Proto-Greek
276:Early forms
4588:Categories
4515:Since 1453
4304:Literature
4273:Diacritics
4016:Pamphylian
4007:Macedonian
3988:Northwest
3905: 330
3879: 800
3720:Institutes
3557:2007-02-23
3552:in.gr News
3533:2007-02-23
3528:in.gr News
3470:22 October
3433:25 October
3250:6 December
3245:www.gov.za
3080:References
3073:Article 1:
2959:declension
2865:infinitive
2841:morphology
2779:(hence ).
1934:Diacritics
1592:fricatives
1324:after the
1084:Dodecanese
990:Thessalian
986:Macedonian
966:unaccented
929:Asia Minor
927:, coastal
99:March 2019
69:newspapers
4533:Mycenaean
4317:Byzantine
4294:Greeklish
4165:Phonology
4142:Tsakonian
4095:Himariote
3945:Mycenaean
3921:Varieties
3868:–1100 BC)
3855:–1600 BC)
3064:Árthro 1:
3057:Arthro 1:
3019:Árthro 1:
3014:Arthro 1:
2973:Archaisms
2943:aspectual
2912:ἐθέλω ἵνα
2172:graphemes
2156:diaeresis
1993:Ligatures
1485:Τσακωνικά
1480:Tsakonian
1469:Tsakonian
1414:Justinian
1375:Calabrian
1354:Calabrian
1330:synizesis
1136:polytonic
1125:sociolect
1098:monotonic
857:Varieties
839:diglossia
708:Glottolog
692:ISO 639-3
656:ISO 639-2
638:ISO 639-1
378:Himariote
363:Tsakonian
205:Ethnicity
4560:Medieval
4460:Ages of
4399:Proverbs
4238:Linear B
4180:teaching
3936:Central
3894:–AD 330)
3881:–300 BC)
3710:Archived
3691:Archived
3488:Iotacism
3389:Archived
3050:Άρθρο 1:
3009:Άρθρο 1:
2999:(by the
2805:island:
2799:Rethymno
2777:⟩
2771:⟨
2767:⟩
2761:⟨
2757:⟩
2751:⟨
2749:, where
2747:⟩
2741:⟨
2738:trigraph
2734:⟩
2728:⟨
2724:⟩
2718:⟨
2634:⟩
2628:⟨
2624:⟩
2618:⟨
2607:⟩
2601:⟨
2593:⟩
2587:⟨
2563:⟩
2557:⟨
2485:⟩
2479:⟨
2475:⟩
2469:⟨
2433:⟩
2427:⟨
2423:⟩
2417:⟨
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2180:spelling
2168:phonemes
2154:and the
2103:Category
2065:Albanian
2055:Bactrian
2012:Numerals
1577:iotacism
1490:Leonidio
1446:Γεβανικά
1440:יעואניקה
1383:Calabria
1322:Mariupol
1314:deported
1285:Ρωμαίικα
1182:Ποντιακά
1065:Cyclades
1042:(Maniot)
1002:Sporades
994:Thracian
974:Rumelian
892:Δημοτική
887:Dimotiki
844:Dimotiki
816:dialects
811:Elliniká
805:Ελληνικά
756:Help:IPA
729:56-AAA-a
727:part of
715:mode1248
328:Dialects
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175:Anatolia
4542:Ancient
4379:Exonyms
4312:Ancient
4278:Braille
4248:History
4207:Ancient
4200:Grammar
4172:Ancient
4147:Yevanic
4105:Italiot
4090:Cypriot
4058:Demotic
4002:Locrian
3997:Epirote
3992:Achaean
3972:Homeric
3929:Ancient
3838:Periods
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3650:Courses
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3173:5 April
3109:"Greek"
2978:εντάξει
2918:θέλω να
2887:perfect
2818:passive
2176:reading
2160:digraph
1906:Digamma
1862:Digamma
1841:History
1758:Upsilon
1696:Epsilon
1668:Omicron
1494:Arcadia
1435:Yevanic
1424:Yevanic
1403:Corinth
1365:Italiot
1334:-ía, éa
1294:Ukraine
1280:Ruméika
1259:Romance
1162:Demotic
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998:Euboean
982:Epirote
913:Acritic
897:popular
883:Demotic
871:Demotic
818:of the
769:endonym
752:Unicode
680: (
667: (
609:Ukraine
570:Romania
544:Hungary
531:Armenia
518:Albania
394:Demotic
383:Cypriot
368:Yevanic
334:Italiot
188:Salento
162:Albania
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4569:Modern
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2060:Coptic
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1459:Israel
1399:Sparta
1387:Apulia
1302:Crimea
1298:Russia
1187:Pontus
1177:Pontic
1166:Pontic
1146:Pontic
1088:Cyprus
1086:, and
1080:Ikaria
1059:Euboea
1055:Attica
1032:Athens
1028:Aegina
1024:Megara
1012:, and
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937:Cyprus
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348:Pontic
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195:Region
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1660:Gamma
1624:Alpha
1584:stops
1418:Italy
1379:Griko
1350:Griko
1211:Ionic
1076:Chios
1069:Crete
1006:Samos
901:Koine
800:Greek
557:Italy
410:other
342:Griko
255:Ionic
251:Attic
246:Greek
180:Italy
90:JSTOR
76:books
4285:and
3605:ISBN
3586:ISBN
3508:ISBN
3472:2023
3435:2014
3325:ISBN
3300:ISBN
3275:ISBN
3252:2014
3205:2013
3175:2020
3134:ISBN
2984:ζήτω
2953:and
2843:and
2708:and
2692:and
2676:and
2660:and
2626:and
2611:/ps/
2609:for
2599:and
2597:/ks/
2547:and
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2330:/af/
2326:/iv/
2322:/ev/
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2306:and
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2170:and
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1901:Tsan
1870:Heta
1768:Iota
1714:Zeta
1642:Beta
1511:and
1401:and
1385:and
1377:and
1352:and
1296:and
1263:Rumi
1205:and
1036:Cyme
911:and
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2769:by
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1776:Phi
1740:Tau
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