299:
differing levels of autonomy from a parent state, which at times included
Kingdom of Genoa, Crown of Aragon, Spain, and France over the centuries. It was incorporated into France in the French revolution, but later regained some autonomy as a protectorate of the Kingdom Sardinia in the 19th Century. In the 1848 two towns ceded and these were lost to France in 1861, but Monaco was not incorporated into France or Italy. It focused on tourism starting in the 1860s and was taken over by Axis powers in WW2. After liberation, it worked to secure further independence from France, and was recognized by the UN in 1993. It has relations with, but is not a part of the European Union but does use the Euro currency in the 21st century.
1136:
950:
1038:
261:
780:
559:
453:
918:. The next year, in 1861 The Kingdom of Sardinia became a part of the Kingdom of Italy. Monaco had been a Protectorate of Sardinia, and managed to survive these changes, avoiding integration with France or Italy. By the early 1860s it had secured its independence but was now surrounded by France and without Menton or Roquebrune. To make ends meet Monaco would focus on tourism, and built the now famous Monte Carlo casino.
653:
2152:
942:
645:
1144:
76:
880:
871:
308:
178:
35:
253:
298:
The early history of Monaco as a state, has its origins the
Kingdom of Genoa. The Holy Roman Empire granted Monaco to the Genoese. Later, the Grimaldi family which were a Genoese family, occupied it in the 13th century and later purchased it and ruled it as principality. Over its history it has had
770:
In 1789 the French sized all the Royal financial assets, and as the French
Revolution progressed by 1793 Monaco was sized by the French. The Royal family was put in prison (later freed), the art collections and assets were seized and sold off, and the palace was used as hospital and poor house. In
631:
As the
Ghibellines intended their fortress to be a strategic military stronghold and center of control for the area, they set about creating a settlement around the base of the Rock to support the garrison; in an attempt to lure residents from Genoa and the surrounding cities, they offered land
758:
It was a protectorate of the
Kingdom of Sardinia from 1815 to 1860. However, the towns of Mentone and Roccabruna ceded in 1848, and these were annexed by France in 1861. Monaco manged to avoid incorporation into France or Italy, but at the cost of most its territory at that time.
787:
From 1815 to 1860 Monaco was a part of the
Kingdom of Sardinia, but was ceded to France in the 1860 Treaty of Turin. Monaco establish autonomy from France, by ceding Mentone and Roccabruna for 4 million France. (these became the French towns of Menton and Roquebrune Cap Martin)
1151:
In 2002, a new treaty between France and Monaco clarified that if there are no heirs to carry on the dynasty, the
Principality will remain an independent nation, rather than be annexed by France. Monaco's military defence, however, is still the responsibility of France.
3511:
1743:"[#Coronavirus] Les autorités sanitaires de la Principauté ont été informées qu'une personne prise en charge dans la matinée et conduite au Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace était positive au COVID 19.Son état de santé n'inspire pas d'inquiétude"
852:. The unrest continued until the ruling prince gave up his claim to the two towns (some 95% of the country), and they were ceded to France in return for four million francs. This transfer and Monaco's sovereignty was recognised by the
3504:
903:
of 1861. France accepted the existence of the
Principality of Monaco, but annexed 95% of its former territory (the areas of Menton and Roquebrune). Monaco's military defense since then has been the responsibility of France.
3497:
4227:
1004:
Nonetheless, his tiny principality was tormented by domestic conflict partly as a result of Louis's indecisiveness, and also because the majority of the population was of
Italian descent; many of them supported the
874:
Map of the territory of the "Free cities of
Mentone and Roccabruna" (light blue) and the territory of Monaco (orange) in 1848. Those territories were the Principality of Monaco from the Renaissance until that
679:
Genoese family. Members of this family, in the course of the civil strife in Genoa between the Guelphs and Ghibellines, took refuge in Monaco, accompanied by various other Guelphic families, most notably the
2025:
413:
also wrote of Hercules's construction of Monaco's port and a coastal road. The road was dotted with altars to Heracles, and a temple dedicated to him was established on the Rock of Monaco. The name
368:
were the first commercial navigators," who found refuge in the Port of Monaco from the mistral of the sea. The Port and Rock of Monaco were consecrated by the Phoenicians in the name of their deity
1020:
4217:
1476:
4675:
4520:
3106:
980:
721:
in 1524 (or the treaty of Tordesilla of 1524), saw Monaco under the authority of Spain as autonomous state for about a century, and there was a Spanish garrison at the fortress.
1716:
598:, who held it territorially starting from 1075. The city was further damaged and nearly abandoned as Saracen raids continued after they had put under their control a part of
4594:
972:, established that Monegasque policy would be aligned with French political, military, and economic interests. One of the motivations for the treaty was the upcoming
2276:
1765:
771:
1814 Napolean stepped down, and Honore IV was restored to power. However in the 1815 Congress of Vienna, Monaco was made a protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia.
933:. Taxes paid by the S.B.M. have been plowed into Monaco's infrastructure. Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railway link to France.
4261:
1791:
628:
led by Fulco del Cassello began the construction of a fortress atop the Rock of Monaco. This date is often cited as the beginning of Monaco's modern history.
2533:
1948:
1542:
4284:
3099:
2428:
707:
4761:
4296:
3530:
2460:
519:
either because Hercules drove off everyone else and lived there alone, or because in his temple no other of the gods is worshipped at the same time.
926:
4505:
4429:
4129:
2057:
818:
In 1848 the towns of Mentone and Roccaburna ceded from Monaco, and in 1849 became a separate protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia. (see also
287:, from the 14th to the early 15th century the area was contested for primarily political reasons. Since that point, excepting a brief period of
4500:
4374:
4204:
406:, also later adopted by the Romans, who was said to have constructed the ancient path that passed through the region from Spain to Italy. The
4251:
4241:
4119:
1323:
1296:
4339:
743:. Since then the area has remained under the control of the Grimaldi family to the present day, except when under French control during the
4449:
3092:
908:
819:
888:
792:
4109:
4561:
4384:
3999:
3048:
2311:
1794:
Bloomberg - The Monaco Royals Whose Deals Have Brought Peril to the Palace Doors By Gaspard Sebag and Anthony Cormier February 29, 2024]
2902:
3234:
2266:
1633:
425:
meaning "Single House" could be a reference to Hercules or his temple, or the isolated community inhabiting the area around the rock.
93:
48:
4256:
3164:
2004:
1508:
239:
221:
159:
62:
4722:
4114:
188:
4139:
1095:
Under Prince Louis's secret orders, the Monaco police, often at great risk to themselves, warned in advance those people whom the
907:
In 1848 the towns of Menton and Roquebrune ceded from Monaco and became protectorates of the Kingdom of Sardinia, this was to the
4525:
4439:
3553:
3033:
2628:
2131:
973:
4530:
4444:
140:
4414:
4144:
4124:
3736:
3058:
2661:
2526:
4495:
4369:
1889:
The Riviera : or, The coast from Marseilles to Leghorn, including the interior towns of Carrara, Lucca, Pisa, and Pistoia
112:
4599:
4424:
3701:
2845:
2678:
2616:
1177:
279:, the area's chief geological landmark, which served first as a shelter for ancient peoples and later as a fortress. Part of
97:
2228:
1827:
724:
4149:
1792:
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2024-03-01/monaco-royal-nephews-business-deals-bring-more-scrutiny-on-prince-albert
4535:
4480:
4096:
3984:
3795:
3478:
3371:
3184:
3053:
2962:
2258:
2116:
1102:
930:
4104:
119:
4645:
4640:
4630:
4540:
4349:
4344:
4319:
4222:
4212:
4134:
3437:
3209:
2433:
2357:
2101:
1061:
1041:
718:
613:
2096:
1264:
1120:
to guarantee fundamental liberties and made it difficult for a French national to transfer his or her residence there.
865:
4604:
4515:
3815:
3012:
3007:
2623:
2271:
2050:
1155:
834:
342:
2106:
740:
606:. Monaco is again mentioned in the 11th century, when the church of St. Mary was built and a borough rose around it.
203:
1543:
https://actualnewsmagazine.com/english/in-saint-cezaire-sur-siagne-the-inhabitants-relive-the-arrival-of-the-allies/
1409:
968:
In July 1918, a treaty was signed providing for limited French protection over Monaco. The treaty, written into the
4786:
4614:
4609:
4475:
4334:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3938:
3848:
3452:
3404:
3296:
3291:
3068:
3063:
2519:
2296:
2243:
2223:
2177:
1191:
In the early 2020s there was international news about concerns over government financial accountability in Monaco.
1106:
986:
949:
532:
126:
4635:
4454:
4359:
3489:
199:
86:
4246:
3038:
2792:
2753:
2438:
2306:
2238:
703:
2172:
1979:
4329:
3666:
3651:
3409:
3256:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2141:
1215:
900:
853:
508:
2352:
2136:
1135:
108:
4650:
911:. However when Nice County was ceded to France, they were annexed from Monaco which had still had ownership.
4485:
4434:
4379:
4354:
4062:
3923:
3913:
3878:
3414:
3376:
3043:
2701:
2342:
2316:
2248:
1499:
1117:
1069:
676:
2020:
1147:
In the 2020s completion was nearing on a small apartment building and a few houses, built on the coast edge
4085:
4067:
3918:
3686:
3356:
2867:
2696:
2443:
2408:
2398:
2393:
2233:
2043:
1225:
1113:
1057:
915:
914:
Monaco became surrounded by France, when the Kingdom of Sardina ceded the County of Nice to France in the
804:
346:
54:
4266:
3903:
1570:
1085:
883:
This graphic illustrates how the Kindom of Sardina ceded Nice County, the region around Monaco, to France
376:. After the Phoenicians, the Greeks wrote about the progress and conquests of the journeys and labors of
4289:
3908:
3898:
3828:
3800:
3326:
3286:
3266:
3246:
3149:
2947:
2218:
1665:
962:
845:
699:
364:"According to some authorities, the Egyptians of the Eighteenth Dynasty, according to others, the early
3888:
3883:
2812:
2403:
1691:
1049:
830:
456:
The division of the Empire after the death of Theodosius I, c. 395 AD, superimposed on modern borders.
353:
1957:
4758:
4717:
4680:
4545:
4190:
3873:
3843:
3823:
3805:
3752:
3726:
3721:
3641:
3442:
3261:
3002:
2997:
2937:
2872:
2777:
2263:
2086:
1884:
1746:
969:
687:
567:
4737:
4389:
4490:
4017:
3928:
3833:
3756:
3621:
3606:
3596:
3462:
3447:
3432:
3394:
3341:
3336:
3311:
3169:
2967:
2897:
2840:
2757:
2583:
2418:
2388:
2362:
2253:
2126:
2111:
1089:
1081:
800:
575:
542:
848:, which declared independence, hoping for annexation by Sardinia and participation in the Italian
396:) founded the colony of Monoikos. The name of the colony derives from the local veneration of the
4577:
4174:
4057:
4009:
3893:
3838:
3762:
3646:
3586:
3366:
3316:
3276:
3229:
3224:
3214:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3174:
3159:
3154:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3073:
2977:
2761:
2713:
2708:
2611:
2601:
2558:
2550:
2301:
2206:
1220:
922:
892:
796:
610:
497:
4732:
4022:
1116:, proclaimed in 1962, abolished capital punishment, provided for female suffrage, established a
1037:
998:
941:
260:
1545:
In Saint-CĂ©zaire-sur-Siagne, the inhabitants relive the arrival of the allies AÄźustos 24, 2024]
690:
seized the Rock of Monaco in 1297, starting the Grimaldi dynasty, under the sovereignty of the
133:
4685:
3711:
3636:
3591:
3457:
3399:
3361:
3351:
3331:
3321:
3306:
3301:
3251:
3219:
3204:
3179:
3115:
2952:
2927:
2907:
2887:
2877:
2767:
2749:
2718:
2651:
2568:
2542:
2486:
2479:
2330:
2121:
2091:
2070:
2000:
1629:
1504:
1319:
1292:
1286:
1205:
1200:
1073:
958:
744:
691:
664:
349:
292:
1313:
4753:
3631:
3601:
3346:
3271:
3241:
2942:
2857:
2802:
2772:
2723:
2683:
2666:
2656:
2591:
2563:
2347:
1927:
1210:
1010:
826:
672:
429:
410:
322:
1766:"Coronavirus: un premier cas de contamination détecté à Monaco et transféré au CHU de Nice"
4419:
4409:
4037:
4027:
3656:
3545:
2982:
2957:
2745:
2728:
2573:
2495:
2423:
1965:
1181:
1065:
953:
A scene from the 1931 Grand Prix, in the 20th century racing would become a popular event.
779:
752:
657:
527:
397:
791:
The principality was re-established in 1814, only to be designated a protectorate of the
3084:
1900:
452:
4459:
4394:
4235:
4231:
4032:
3853:
2932:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2892:
2882:
2797:
2740:
2633:
2596:
2413:
2192:
1124:
1052:, the French Jew who founded the Ballet de l'Opera in Monte Carlo, was arrested in his
558:
276:
1942:
1852:
1245:
1169:
and recreation centre in the 21st century, with 4.1 tourists per resident as of 2020.
4780:
4399:
3716:
3706:
3676:
3661:
3616:
3028:
2827:
2500:
2187:
1919:
1896:
1742:
1031:
547:
481:
414:
407:
1598:
1099:
planned to arrest. The country was liberated on 3 September 1944 by Allied forces.
702:
in 1355, enlarging their possessions. In 1338 Monegasque ships under the command of
652:
644:
4364:
3731:
3576:
3521:
2987:
2817:
2688:
2606:
1915:
1374:
1017:
994:
990:
849:
668:
489:
315:
284:
1143:
2030:
1835:
578:
in the late 5th century. Monaco was recaptured by the Romans during the reign of
4670:
3691:
3626:
2972:
2850:
2835:
2807:
2643:
1077:
728:
711:
625:
473:
75:
1520:
989:'s sympathies were strongly pro-French, he tried to keep Monaco neutral during
870:
307:
4712:
4510:
3696:
3681:
3581:
2735:
736:
617:
603:
1808:
1599:"Admission of the Principality of Monaco to membership in the United Nations"
380:. The native Ligurian people asserted that Hercules passed through the area.
3778:
3611:
3571:
2782:
2182:
1969:
1556:
1060:
deportation camp outside the French capital before being transported to the
1027:
879:
579:
393:
365:
714:
was brought back to Monaco, contributing to the principality's prosperity.
783:
Kingdom of Sardinia in 1815. Monaco was annexed as protectorate this year.
4727:
3671:
2992:
2787:
1648:
1173:
896:
599:
583:
441:
403:
377:
252:
17:
2862:
2673:
1750:
1451:
1440:
1429:
1338:
1166:
1096:
1026:
Soon after in September 1943, following Mussolini's fall in Italy, the
1006:
681:
591:
571:
537:
437:
400:
389:
369:
330:
280:
1628:. Translated by Duursma, Jorri C. (2nd ed.). T.M.C. Asser Press.
1105:
ascended to the throne following the death of his grandfather, Prince
586:
in the 7th century. Monaco then passed hands between the Lombards and
275:
is primarily concerned with the protective and strategic value of the
4159:
2455:
2450:
2376:
2160:
2151:
2066:
1626:
The Principality of Monaco: State, International Status, Institutions
1349:
1185:
1162:
841:
695:
587:
507:
called it "that castled cliff, Monoecus by the sea". The commentator
504:
485:
433:
326:
288:
271:
2511:
206:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
4324:
2035:
1288:
The Microstates of Europe: Designer Nations in a Post-Modern World
1142:
1134:
1053:
1036:
948:
940:
878:
869:
812:
803:
in 1817. Monaco remained in this position until 1860, when by the
778:
732:
651:
643:
621:
557:
451:
338:
334:
306:
259:
594:
in the 8th century, it was rebuilt by the monks of Saint-Pons in
428:
According to the "travels of Heracles" theme, also documented by
329:, the area's first permanent settlers were the mountain-dwelling
4404:
1161:
Monaco's mild climate with historical sites and modern gambling
808:
595:
493:
3493:
3088:
2515:
2039:
1500:
Un rocher bien occupé : Monaco pendant la guerre 1939–1945
633:
566:
Monaco remained under Roman control until the collapse of the
291:
occupation, it has remained steadily under the control of the
171:
69:
28:
1941:
582:
in the mid-6th century and was held until its capture by the
1571:"Monaco's Constitution of 1962 with Amendments through 2002"
1184:
Hospital in France. The virus was confirmed to have reached
1692:"17 Top Tourist Attractions in Monaco & Easy Day Trips"
706:
participated, along with those of France and Genoa, in the
825:
With the protectorate, that lasted nearly half a century,
1172:
On 29 February 2020, Monaco announced its first case of
1952:. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 684–685.
965:
of 1910 forced him to proclaim a constitution in 1911.
195:
352:
spoken by the modern inhabitants of Liguria, of which
981:
Invasion and occupation of Monaco during World War II
899:'s defeat, Monaco's sovereignty was confirmed by the
807:, Sardinia ceded to France the surrounding county of
4746:
4705:
4698:
4663:
4623:
4587:
4574:
4554:
4468:
4312:
4305:
4277:
4203:
4183:
4167:
4158:
4095:
4084:
4050:
4008:
3992:
3983:
3937:
3866:
3814:
3788:
3775:
3745:
3564:
3542:
3529:
3471:
3423:
3385:
3122:
3021:
2826:
2642:
2582:
2549:
2375:
2329:
2205:
2159:
2077:
1997:
The Riviera at War: World War II on the Cote d'Azur
1315:
Apex Omnium: Religion in the Res Gestae of Ammianus
767:From 1793 to 1814 Monaco was taken over by France.
100:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1891:, London: Adam & Charles Black, pp. 86–87
1666:"Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Monaco"
840:During this time there was unrest in the towns of
1158:succeeded his father Prince Rainier III in 2005.
1318:. University of California Press. pp. 24–.
523:No temple to Hercules has been found at Monaco.
517:
511:'s use of the passage asserts, under the entry
1649:Son of ailing Prince Rainier takes over duties
1064:, where he was later killed. Blum's colleague
997:government of his old army colleague, Marshal
570:in 476. The city was then under the domain of
562:The Holy Roman Empire granted Monaco to Genoa.
3505:
3100:
2527:
2051:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1274:
467: Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire)
8:
4575:
3776:
3551:
3543:
417:was subsequently used for the ancient port.
1554:"Obituary: Prince Rainier III of Monaco.",
624:. On 10 June 1215, a detachment of Genoese
63:Learn how and when to remove these messages
4702:
4584:
4309:
4164:
4092:
4005:
3989:
3934:
3811:
3785:
3561:
3539:
3512:
3498:
3490:
3107:
3093:
3085:
2534:
2520:
2512:
2381:
2335:
2211:
2165:
2058:
2044:
2036:
1285:P. Christiaan Klieger (29 November 2012).
747:from 1793 to May 17, 1814, as part of the
333:, who emigrated from their native city of
1964:(6th ed.), Leipzig: Baedeker, 1914,
1741:Gouvernement Monaco (28 February 2020).
829:was the official language of Monaco. The
240:Learn how and when to remove this message
222:Learn how and when to remove this message
160:Learn how and when to remove this message
1265:"Monaco: The Beauty Spot of the Riviera"
640:Middle ages : Rise of the Grimaldis
251:
1924:The History of Monaco, Past and Present
1237:
1123:In 1993, Monaco became a member of the
1080:. In August 1944, the Germans executed
775:Protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia
727:secured recognition of his independent
648:Overview of the Genovese trading empire
480:, which served as a stopping-point for
384:Greek colonization and Herculean legend
321:According to the accounts of historian
2277:High Council of Judges and Prosecutors
1655:, 31 March 2005. Accessed 31 May 2008.
3116:History of current European countries
2461:Santos Dumont's experiments in Monaco
837:than French, but influenced by both.
303:Early history and Ligurian settlement
7:
2021:History of Monaco: Primary Documents
1976:Histoire de la principauté de Monaco
1809:"Principality and Diocese of Monaco"
1364:Lexicon of Ancient Latin Etymologies
1032:deportation of the Jewish population
909:Free Cities of Menton and Roquebrune
887:Designated as a protectorate of the
820:Free Cities of Menton and Roquebrune
98:adding citations to reliable sources
3049:History of the Mediterranean region
1764:Bulant, Jeanne (29 February 2020).
1717:"Tourism in Principality of Monaco"
671:and taking their name from his son
590:. After having been damaged by the
574:until his fall at the hands of the
360:Phoenician colonization and Melqart
318:lived here about 30,000 years ago.
1962:Southern France, including Corsica
1477:"Occupation by Italy then Germany"
1466:. Mondadori editore. Milano, 1939.
1291:. Lexington Books. pp. 165–.
927:Société des bains de mer de Monaco
25:
3947:Friesland, Groningen, and Drenthe
1772:(in French). Agence France-Presse
925:opened in 1863, organized by the
550:was forced to put into the port.
345:is not directly connected to the
283:'s history since the fall of the
44:This article has multiple issues.
4435:Serbia (Commissioner Government)
3034:Bibliography of European history
2629:Fall of the Western Roman Empire
2150:
1263:Pickering, Thomas Henry (1882).
1176:, a man who was admitted to the
974:Monaco Succession Crisis of 1918
854:Franco-Monegasque Treaty of 1861
675:, were an ancient and prominent
515:, that the epithet was derived:
492:control as part of the Maritime
176:
74:
33:
4415:Norway (Administrative Council)
3059:History of Western civilization
2662:Christianity in the Middle Ages
2026:Google Earth air view of Monaco
1092:, who were Resistance leaders.
85:needs additional citations for
52:or discuss these issues on the
2903:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
2846:Christianity in the modern era
2617:Christianity in late antiquity
2429:Orders, decorations and medals
1907:, Monaco: Imprimerie de Monaco
1901:"Ses Origines et Son Histoire"
1560:, London, 7 April 2005, pg. 58
1178:Princess Grace Hospital Centre
1030:occupied Monaco and began the
708:English Channel naval campaign
1:
4440:Serbia (Council of Ministers)
3054:History of the European Union
1935:Published in the 20th century
1877:Published in the 19th century
1076:, escaped arrest and fled to
620:over the area to the city of
4213:Army Group Rear Area Command
3520:Administrative divisions in
2102:Treaty of Tordesillas (1524)
2031:BBC - Monaco Country Profile
1503:Editions Seuil, Paris 2001,
1062:Auschwitz concentration camp
957:The Prince of Monaco was an
4595:Belgium and Northern France
4218:Belgium and Northern France
3013:Russian invasion of Ukraine
2624:Crisis of the Third Century
1995:Kundahl, George G. (2017).
725:Honoré II, Prince of Monaco
710:. Plunder from the sack of
636:exemption to new settlers.
388:During the 6th-century BC,
202:the claims made and adding
4803:
4097:Civil Administration Areas
3702:Southern Hanover–Brunswick
3069:Military history of Europe
3064:Maritime history of Europe
2178:Land reclamation in Monaco
2117:Franco-Monégasque Treaties
978:
945:Poster for 1920 exposition
863:
484:on his way to campaign in
461: Western Roman Empire
392:from Massalia (modern day
337:, in what is now northern
3967:North Brabant and Limburg
3962:South Holland and Zeeland
3957:North Holland and Utrecht
3952:Gelderland and Overijssel
3039:Genetic history of Europe
2473:
2384:
2338:
2214:
2168:
2148:
1989:Contemporary publications
1813:The Catholic Encyclopedia
1127:with full voting rights.
1016:On 11 November 1942, the
694:. The Grimaldis acquired
526:The port is mentioned in
444:passed through the area.
436:, both Greeks and native
311:The Rock in modern times.
4205:Military administrations
3737:WĂĽrttemberg-Hohenzollern
2107:Treaty of PĂ©ronne (1641)
1624:Grinda, Georges (2010).
1410:"Monaco and Monte Carlo"
1216:List of rulers of Monaco
1165:, make Monaco a popular
901:Franco-Monegasque Treaty
741:Treaty of PĂ©ronne (1641)
554:Dark ages to the Genoese
421:meaning "Single One" or
372:. The colony was called
3044:History of Christianity
2097:France–Monaco relations
1999:. London: I.B. Tauris.
1949:Encyclopædia Britannica
1386:Pliny the Eldner, III.v
866:France–Monaco relations
763:Fall and rise 1789-1815
735:in 1633, and then from
341:. However, the ancient
4576:
4306:Puppet administrations
4110:Carinthia and Carniola
3777:
3552:
3544:
3524:and German occupations
3165:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2868:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
2267:and the European Union
2132:1918 succession crisis
1479:. Government of Monaco
1226:Monaco at the Olympics
1148:
1140:
1139:View of Monaco in 2016
1114:Constitution of Monaco
1068:, the director of the
1045:
954:
946:
916:Treaty of Turin (1860)
884:
876:
784:
660:
649:
563:
521:
469:
312:
265:
257:
3757:Reichsfestung Belgrad
2948:Industrial Revolution
2137:Monégasque Revolution
1603:digitallibrary.un.org
1578:constituteproject.org
1188:on 29 February 2020.
1146:
1138:
1056:home and held in the
1040:
963:Monegasque Revolution
952:
944:
929:, which also ran the
923:Casino of Monte Carlo
882:
873:
864:Further information:
782:
655:
647:
561:
455:
440:people asserted that
310:
263:
255:
4759:Strength Through Joy
4718:Weather Station Kurt
4420:Norway (Quisling II)
3667:Munich–Upper Bavaria
3652:March of Brandenburg
3003:European debt crisis
2998:European integration
2938:Age of Enlightenment
2778:Republic of Florence
2264:European microstates
2259:Justice of the peace
2173:France–Monaco border
1883:C. B. Black (1896),
1832:Gale Force of Monaco
1180:then transferred to
1070:Opéra de Monte-Carlo
1021:invaded and occupied
970:Treaty of Versailles
568:Western Roman Empire
94:improve this article
4578:Reichskommissariats
4410:Norway (Quisling I)
4340:Chechnya-Ingushetia
4000:Bohemia and Moravia
3985:Partial annexations
3796:Danzig–West Prussia
3386:States with limited
2968:Revolutions of 1848
2898:Early modern France
2679:Anglo-Saxon England
2584:Classical antiquity
2127:Anarchism in Monaco
2112:Treaty of Stupinigi
1980:Léon-Honoré Labande
1920:"History of Monaco"
1828:"History of Monaco"
1312:R. L. Rike (1987).
1086:Joseph-Henri Lajoux
889:Kingdom of Sardinia
801:Treaty of Stupinigi
793:Kingdom of Sardinia
109:"History of Monaco"
4010:General Government
3687:Schleswig-Holstein
3074:Crusading movement
2978:Russian Revolution
2813:Hundred Years' War
2709:Maritime republics
2612:Early Christianity
2602:Hellenistic period
2559:Paleolithic Europe
2358:Telecommunications
1523:. Tmeheust.free.fr
1462:Ermanno Amicucci.
1408:Internet Archive.
1221:Politics of Monaco
1149:
1141:
1103:Prince Rainier III
1046:
1009:regime of Italy's
993:but supported the
955:
947:
893:Congress of Vienna
885:
877:
831:Monégasque dialect
797:Congress of Vienna
785:
688:Francesco Grimaldi
661:
650:
611:Holy Roman Emperor
564:
498:Gallia Transalpina
470:
313:
266:
258:
187:possibly contains
4787:History of Monaco
4774:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4694:
4693:
4664:Other occupations
4659:
4658:
4570:
4569:
4285:Adriatic Littoral
4278:Operational Zones
4199:
4198:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4046:
4045:
3979:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3862:
3861:
3771:
3770:
3487:
3486:
3082:
3081:
3008:COVID-19 pandemic
2953:French Revolution
2928:Habsburg monarchy
2908:Cossack Hetmanate
2888:Portuguese Empire
2878:Absolute monarchy
2873:Thirty Years' War
2768:Holy Roman Empire
2693:Bulgarian Empire
2652:Early Middle Ages
2569:Bronze Age Europe
2543:History of Europe
2509:
2508:
2469:
2468:
2371:
2370:
2325:
2324:
2312:Political parties
2297:Minister of State
2272:Foreign relations
2244:Court of Revision
2201:
2200:
2122:House of Grimaldi
2092:Republic of Genoa
2087:François Grimaldi
1851:Velde, François.
1838:on April 18, 2005
1690:Alexander, Lisa.
1521:"Monaco histoire"
1325:978-0-520-05858-3
1298:978-0-7391-7427-2
1250:www.heraldica.org
1206:History of France
1201:History of Europe
1074:French Resistance
745:French Revolution
739:of France by the
692:Republic of Genoa
667:, descended from
343:Ligurian language
293:House of Grimaldi
250:
249:
242:
232:
231:
224:
189:original research
170:
169:
162:
144:
67:
16:(Redirected from
4794:
4703:
4585:
4581:
4310:
4297:Alpine Foothills
4165:
4115:Gebiet Bialystok
4093:
4006:
3990:
3935:
3849:Tyrol–Vorarlberg
3812:
3786:
3782:
3727:Westphalia-South
3722:Westphalia-North
3642:Magdeburg-Anhalt
3562:
3557:
3549:
3540:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3491:
3424:Dependencies and
3123:Sovereign states
3109:
3102:
3095:
3086:
2943:Great Divergence
2858:Age of Discovery
2803:Late Middle Ages
2773:High Middle Ages
2684:Byzantine Empire
2667:Christianization
2657:Migration Period
2592:Classical Greece
2564:Neolithic Europe
2536:
2529:
2522:
2513:
2489:
2482:
2382:
2336:
2224:Communal Council
2212:
2166:
2154:
2142:Rulers of Monaco
2060:
2053:
2046:
2037:
2010:
1984:
1972:
1953:
1945:
1930:
1928:Tinsley Brothers
1911:
1908:
1892:
1885:"Monaco Station"
1867:
1865:
1863:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1834:. Archived from
1823:
1821:
1819:
1795:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1670:weatherspark.com
1662:
1656:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1575:
1567:
1561:
1552:
1546:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1517:
1511:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1473:
1467:
1464:Nizza e l'Italia
1460:
1454:
1449:
1443:
1438:
1432:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1378:
1372:
1366:
1360:
1354:
1346:
1340:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1282:
1269:
1268:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1242:
1211:History of Italy
1156:Prince Albert II
1072:, helped by the
1011:Benito Mussolini
961:ruler until the
799:in 1815 and the
719:Treaty of Burgos
466:
460:
430:Diodorus Siculus
323:Diodorus Siculus
256:The Rock in 1890
245:
238:
227:
220:
216:
213:
207:
204:inline citations
180:
179:
172:
165:
158:
154:
151:
145:
143:
102:
78:
70:
59:
37:
36:
29:
21:
4802:
4801:
4797:
4796:
4795:
4793:
4792:
4791:
4777:
4776:
4775:
4766:
4762:holiday resorts
4742:
4690:
4655:
4619:
4566:
4550:
4464:
4301:
4273:
4195:
4179:
4154:
4087:
4072:
4042:
4004:
3971:
3933:
3858:
3810:
3767:
3741:
3622:Halle-Merseburg
3607:Electoral Hesse
3597:Eastern Hanover
3534:
3532:
3525:
3518:
3488:
3483:
3467:
3425:
3419:
3405:Northern Cyprus
3387:
3381:
3297:North Macedonia
3118:
3113:
3083:
3078:
3017:
2983:Interwar period
2958:Napoleonic Wars
2822:
2793:Mongol invasion
2746:Crown of Aragon
2638:
2578:
2574:Iron Age Europe
2545:
2540:
2510:
2505:
2492:
2485:
2478:
2465:
2439:Public holidays
2367:
2321:
2282:Law enforcement
2239:Court of Appeal
2197:
2155:
2146:
2073:
2064:
2017:
2007:
1994:
1982:
1956:
1940:
1914:
1909:
1895:
1882:
1874:
1872:Further reading
1861:
1859:
1850:
1841:
1839:
1826:
1817:
1815:
1807:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1773:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1725:
1723:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1698:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1674:
1672:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1608:
1606:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1582:
1580:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1553:
1549:
1540:
1536:
1526:
1524:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1496:
1492:
1482:
1480:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1461:
1457:
1450:
1446:
1439:
1435:
1428:
1424:
1414:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1373:
1369:
1361:
1357:
1347:
1343:
1337:
1333:
1326:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1299:
1284:
1283:
1272:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1197:
1182:Nice University
1133:
1066:Raoul Gunsbourg
1048:Among them was
999:Philippe PĂ©tain
983:
939:
891:in 1815 by the
868:
862:
805:Treaty of Turin
777:
765:
753:Alpes-Maritimes
658:Crown of Aragon
642:
602:with a base at
556:
533:Natural History
528:Pliny the Elder
503:The Roman poet
468:
464:
462:
458:
450:
386:
362:
325:and geographer
305:
246:
235:
234:
233:
228:
217:
211:
208:
193:
181:
177:
166:
155:
149:
146:
103:
101:
91:
79:
38:
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4800:
4798:
4790:
4789:
4779:
4778:
4772:
4771:
4768:
4767:
4765:
4764:
4756:
4750:
4748:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4709:
4707:
4700:
4696:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4689:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4667:
4665:
4661:
4660:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4627:
4625:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4591:
4589:
4582:
4572:
4571:
4568:
4567:
4565:
4564:
4558:
4556:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4472:
4470:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4460:Zuyev Republic
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4350:Czechoslovakia
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4316:
4314:
4307:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4299:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4270:
4269:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4209:
4207:
4201:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4171:
4169:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4101:
4099:
4090:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4054:
4052:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4014:
4012:
4003:
4002:
3996:
3994:
3987:
3981:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3970:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3943:
3941:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3820:
3818:
3809:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3792:
3790:
3783:
3773:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3765:
3760:
3749:
3747:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3647:Main Franconia
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3587:Cologne–Aachen
3584:
3579:
3574:
3568:
3566:
3559:
3537:
3531:Administrative
3527:
3526:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3509:
3502:
3494:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3479:European Union
3475:
3473:
3472:Other entities
3469:
3468:
3466:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3429:
3427:
3426:other entities
3421:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3391:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3372:United Kingdom
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3185:Czech Republic
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3089:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2933:Russian Empire
2930:
2925:
2923:British Empire
2920:
2918:Dutch Republic
2915:
2913:Swedish Empire
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2893:Spanish Empire
2890:
2885:
2883:Ottoman Empire
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2843:
2838:
2832:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2798:Serbian Empire
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2659:
2654:
2648:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2634:Late antiquity
2631:
2626:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2597:Roman Republic
2594:
2588:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2516:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2498:
2491:
2490:
2483:
2475:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2385:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2339:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2215:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2193:Rock of Monaco
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2083:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2055:
2048:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2016:
2015:External links
2013:
2012:
2011:
2005:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1985:
1973:
1954:
1943:"Monaco"
1937:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1912:
1893:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1848:
1824:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1783:
1756:
1749:) – via
1733:
1721:worlddata.info
1708:
1696:planetware.com
1682:
1657:
1641:
1635:978-9067043328
1634:
1616:
1605:. 16 July 1993
1590:
1562:
1547:
1534:
1512:
1497:Abramovici P.
1490:
1468:
1455:
1452:Monaco History
1444:
1441:Monaco History
1433:
1430:Monaco History
1422:
1400:
1388:
1379:
1367:
1355:
1341:
1331:
1324:
1304:
1297:
1270:
1255:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1196:
1193:
1132:
1129:
1125:United Nations
979:Main article:
938:
935:
931:Hotel de Paris
861:
858:
776:
773:
764:
761:
704:Carlo Grimaldi
641:
638:
555:
552:
488:, fell under
463:
457:
449:
446:
385:
382:
361:
358:
356:is a dialect.
304:
301:
277:Rock of Monaco
264:Monaco in 2011
248:
247:
230:
229:
184:
182:
175:
168:
167:
82:
80:
73:
68:
42:
41:
39:
32:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4799:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4745:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4704:
4701:
4697:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4662:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4622:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4579:
4573:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4521:Russia (KONR)
4519:
4517:
4516:Russia (ODNR)
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4467:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4311:
4308:
4304:
4298:
4295:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4268:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4236:zone réservée
4233:
4232:Atlantic Wall
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4206:
4202:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4182:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4157:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4098:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4083:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4058:Burgundy (SS)
4056:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3940:
3936:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3865:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3774:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3744:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3712:Upper Silesia
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3637:Lower Silesia
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3563:
3560:
3556:
3555:
3548:
3547:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3528:
3523:
3515:
3510:
3508:
3503:
3501:
3496:
3495:
3492:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3438:Faroe Islands
3436:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3422:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3410:South Ossetia
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3384:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3257:Liechtenstein
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3110:
3105:
3103:
3098:
3096:
3091:
3090:
3087:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3029:Art of Europe
3027:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2828:Modern period
2825:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2581:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2537:
2532:
2530:
2525:
2523:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2318:
2317:Supreme Court
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2249:Crown Council
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2188:Port Hercules
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2061:
2056:
2054:
2049:
2047:
2042:
2041:
2038:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2006:9781784538712
2002:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1944:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1897:Gustave Saige
1894:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1858:
1854:
1849:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1793:
1787:
1784:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1737:
1734:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1697:
1693:
1686:
1683:
1671:
1667:
1661:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1642:
1637:
1631:
1627:
1620:
1617:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1579:
1572:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1538:
1535:
1522:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1509:2-02-037211-8
1506:
1502:
1501:
1494:
1491:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1426:
1423:
1411:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1389:
1383:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1332:
1327:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1308:
1305:
1300:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1259:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1145:
1137:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1118:Supreme Court
1115:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1090:Esther Poggio
1087:
1083:
1082:René Borghini
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1043:
1042:Western Front
1039:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
985:While Prince
982:
977:
975:
971:
966:
964:
960:
951:
943:
936:
934:
932:
928:
924:
919:
917:
912:
910:
905:
902:
898:
894:
890:
881:
872:
867:
859:
857:
855:
851:
847:
843:
838:
836:
833:is closer to
832:
828:
823:
821:
816:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
789:
781:
774:
772:
768:
762:
760:
756:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
720:
715:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
683:
678:
674:
670:
666:
659:
654:
646:
639:
637:
635:
629:
627:
623:
619:
615:
612:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
560:
553:
551:
549:
548:Fabius Valens
545:
544:
539:
535:
534:
529:
524:
520:
516:
514:
510:
506:
501:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
482:Julius Caesar
479:
475:
454:
447:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
426:
424:
420:
416:
415:Port Hercules
412:
409:
408:Roman emperor
405:
402:
399:
395:
391:
383:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
359:
357:
355:
351:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
319:
317:
309:
302:
300:
296:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
273:
262:
254:
244:
241:
226:
223:
215:
212:December 2010
205:
201:
197:
191:
190:
185:This article
183:
174:
173:
164:
161:
153:
150:December 2010
142:
139:
135:
132:
128:
125:
121:
118:
114:
111: –
110:
106:
105:Find sources:
99:
95:
89:
88:
83:This article
81:
77:
72:
71:
66:
64:
57:
56:
51:
50:
45:
40:
31:
30:
27:
19:
4723:Schatzgräber
4145:West Prussia
4125:Lower Styria
4063:Holland (SS)
3834:Upper Danube
3829:Lower Danube
3632:Hesse-Nassau
3602:East Prussia
3572:Baden-Alsace
3535:Nazi Germany
3533:divisions of
3522:Nazi Germany
3415:Transnistria
3377:Vatican City
3281:
2988:World War II
2841:Early modern
2818:Kalmar Union
2689:Papal States
2607:Roman Empire
2444:National Day
2409:Demographics
2399:Coat of arms
2394:Architecture
2234:Constitution
2078:
1996:
1975:
1961:
1947:
1923:
1916:H. Pemberton
1904:
1888:
1860:. Retrieved
1856:
1840:. Retrieved
1836:the original
1831:
1816:. Retrieved
1812:
1786:
1774:. Retrieved
1769:
1759:
1736:
1724:. Retrieved
1720:
1711:
1699:. Retrieved
1695:
1685:
1673:. Retrieved
1669:
1660:
1652:
1644:
1625:
1619:
1607:. Retrieved
1602:
1593:
1581:. Retrieved
1577:
1565:
1555:
1550:
1537:
1525:. Retrieved
1515:
1498:
1493:
1481:. Retrieved
1471:
1463:
1458:
1447:
1436:
1425:
1413:. Retrieved
1403:
1395:
1391:
1382:
1370:
1363:
1358:
1348:
1344:
1334:
1314:
1307:
1287:
1258:
1249:
1240:
1190:
1171:
1160:
1154:
1150:
1131:21st century
1122:
1112:The revised
1111:
1101:
1094:
1047:
1025:
1018:Italian Army
1015:
1003:
995:Vichy French
991:World War II
984:
967:
956:
937:20th century
920:
913:
906:
886:
850:Risorgimento
839:
824:
817:
811:(as well as
790:
786:
769:
766:
757:
748:
723:
716:
698:in 1346 and
686:
669:Otto Canella
662:
656:Overview of
630:
608:
565:
541:
531:
525:
522:
518:
512:
502:
477:
471:
427:
422:
418:
387:
373:
363:
347:Gallo-Italic
320:
316:Grimaldi man
314:
297:
285:Roman Empire
269:
267:
236:
218:
209:
186:
156:
147:
137:
130:
123:
116:
104:
92:Please help
87:verification
84:
60:
53:
47:
46:Please help
43:
26:
4600:Netherlands
4400:Netherlands
4140:Sudetenland
4088:occupations
3924:Vistulaland
3801:Sudetenland
3753:Prinz-Eugen
3657:Mecklenburg
3453:Isle of Man
3388:recognition
3357:Switzerland
3292:Netherlands
2973:World War I
2963:Nationalism
2851:Reformation
2836:Renaissance
2808:Black Death
2741:Kievan Rus'
2644:Middle Ages
1983:(in French)
1910:(in French)
1776:29 February
1483:8 September
1362:R. Maltby,
1109:, in 1949.
1078:Switzerland
1028:German Army
749:département
729:sovereignty
712:Southampton
632:grants and
626:Ghibellines
474:Gallic Wars
366:Phoenicians
270:history of
4733:Bassgeiger
4713:New Swabia
4681:San Marino
4506:Montenegro
4430:Montenegro
4252:Luxembourg
4130:Luxembourg
3914:Vandalland
3879:Beskidland
3806:Wartheland
3779:Reichsgaus
3592:DĂĽsseldorf
3327:San Marino
3287:Montenegro
3267:Luxembourg
3247:Kazakhstan
3150:Azerbaijan
2736:Viking Age
2551:Prehistory
2434:Public art
2353:Euro coins
2307:Parliament
1978:(1934) by
1926:, London:
1415:19 October
1232:References
860:After 1860
846:Roquebrune
737:Louis XIII
700:Roquebrune
618:suzerainty
604:Fraxinetum
576:Ostrogoths
496:province (
472:After the
448:Roman rule
354:Monegasque
268:The early
196:improve it
120:newspapers
49:improve it
4754:Nordstern
4738:Edelweiss
4646:Turkestan
4636:Don-Volga
4536:Turkestan
4486:Cossackia
4425:Macedonia
4385:Lithuania
4290:Ljubljana
4175:Bialystok
4160:Districts
3824:Carinthia
3717:Weser-Ems
3707:Thuringia
3677:Pomerania
3662:Moselland
3617:Franconia
3443:Gibraltar
3262:Lithuania
2783:Feudalism
2754:Catalonia
2419:Languages
2363:Transport
2254:Elections
2229:Concordat
2183:Mont Agel
2161:Geography
1970:24364670M
1862:March 25,
1857:Heraldica
1557:The Times
1396:Histories
1050:René Blum
1023:Monaco.
665:Grimaldis
609:In 1191,
580:Justinian
543:Histories
394:Marseille
390:Phocaeans
200:verifying
55:talk page
4781:Category
4747:Proposed
4728:Holzauge
4631:Caucasia
4624:Proposed
4562:Brittany
4555:Proposed
4546:Wallonia
4531:Slovakia
4481:Bulgaria
4455:Wallonia
4445:Slovakia
4360:Flanders
4242:Slovakia
4191:Brussels
4184:Proposed
4150:Zichenau
4120:Lorraine
4068:Lombardy
4051:Proposed
3939:Westland
3929:Wallonia
3909:Nordmark
3904:Gothland
3894:Flanders
3889:Burgundy
3867:Proposed
3839:Salzburg
3746:Proposed
3732:Westmark
3672:NSDAP/AO
3577:Bayreuth
3554:Altreich
3463:Svalbard
3448:Guernsey
3395:Abkhazia
3342:Slovenia
3337:Slovakia
3312:Portugal
3170:Bulgaria
3022:See also
2993:Cold War
2788:Crusades
2758:Valencia
2496:Category
2451:Religion
2302:Monarchy
2292:Military
2207:Politics
2071:articles
1958:"Monaco"
1918:(1867),
1899:(1897),
1853:"Monaco"
1398:, III.42
1353:, VI.830
1246:"Monaco"
1195:See also
1174:COVID-19
1107:Louis II
1044:in 1944.
987:Louis II
959:absolute
897:Napoleon
835:Ligurian
682:Fieschis
677:Guelphic
673:Grimaldo
616:granted
614:Henry VI
600:Provence
592:Saracens
584:Lombards
478:Monoecus
442:Hercules
438:Ligurian
423:Monoikos
404:Heracles
378:Heracles
350:language
18:Monoikos
4706:Founded
4686:Tunisia
4671:Finland
4641:Muscovy
4615:Ukraine
4610:Ostland
4588:Founded
4541:Ukraine
4511:Romania
4501:Hungary
4476:Belarus
4450:Ukraine
4375:Hungary
4355:Denmark
4345:Croatia
4335:Belarus
4330:Austria
4320:Albania
4313:Founded
4223:Croatia
4168:Founded
4018:Galicia
3993:Founded
3899:Galicia
3884:Brabant
3816:Austria
3789:Founded
3763:Holland
3692:Silesia
3627:Hamburg
3565:Founded
3367:Ukraine
3317:Romania
3277:Moldova
3235:Ireland
3230:Iceland
3225:Hungary
3215:Germany
3210:Georgia
3200:Finland
3195:Estonia
3190:Denmark
3175:Croatia
3160:Belgium
3155:Belarus
3145:Austria
3140:Armenia
3135:Andorra
3130:Albania
2863:Baroque
2762:Majorca
2674:Francia
2480:Outline
2404:Cuisine
2377:Culture
2331:Economy
2219:Cabinet
2079:History
1802:Sources
1751:Twitter
1167:tourism
1163:casinos
1097:Gestapo
1007:fascist
827:Italian
795:by the
572:Odoacer
546:, when
538:Tacitus
536:and in
509:Servius
419:Monoeci
401:demigod
374:Monoike
370:Melqart
331:Ligures
281:Liguria
194:Please
134:scholar
4676:Monaco
4605:Norway
4526:Serbia
4496:Greece
4491:France
4469:Exiled
4370:Greece
4365:France
4262:Serbia
4257:Poland
4247:Greece
4228:France
4105:Alsace
4086:German
4038:Warsaw
4028:Lublin
4023:KrakĂłw
3919:Venice
3854:Vienna
3844:Styria
3697:Swabia
3682:Saxony
3582:Berlin
3458:Jersey
3400:Kosovo
3362:Turkey
3352:Sweden
3332:Serbia
3322:Russia
3307:Poland
3302:Norway
3282:Monaco
3252:Latvia
3220:Greece
3205:France
3180:Cyprus
2750:Aragon
2729:Amalfi
2714:Venice
2702:Second
2501:Portal
2456:Sports
2389:Anthem
2348:Energy
2287:Mayors
2069:
2067:Monaco
2003:
1968:
1905:Monaco
1842:May 6,
1818:May 6,
1726:23 May
1701:23 May
1675:23 May
1632:
1609:23 May
1583:23 May
1527:28 May
1507:
1377:1.405.
1350:Aeneid
1322:
1295:
1186:Monaco
1058:Drancy
895:after
842:Menton
696:Menton
588:Franks
513:portus
505:Virgil
486:Greece
465:
459:
434:Strabo
411:Julian
327:Strabo
289:French
272:Monaco
136:
129:
122:
115:
107:
4699:Other
4395:Lokot
4390:Lepel
4380:Italy
4267:Banat
4135:Posen
4033:Radom
3874:Banat
3612:Essen
3433:Ă…land
3347:Spain
3272:Malta
3242:Italy
2719:Genoa
2697:First
2487:Index
2424:Music
2343:Banks
1770:BFMTV
1747:Tweet
1653:MSNBC
1574:(PDF)
1375:Lucan
1054:Paris
875:year.
813:Savoy
733:Spain
731:from
622:Genoa
490:Roman
398:Greek
339:Italy
335:Genoa
141:JSTOR
127:books
4651:Ural
4405:Nias
4325:Asch
3546:Gaus
2724:Pisa
2414:Flag
2001:ISBN
1864:2005
1844:2005
1820:2005
1778:2020
1728:2022
1703:2022
1677:2022
1630:ISBN
1611:2022
1585:2022
1529:2012
1505:ISBN
1485:2020
1417:2009
1320:ISBN
1293:ISBN
1088:and
921:The
844:and
809:Nice
717:The
663:The
596:Nice
494:Alps
432:and
113:news
815:).
751:of
634:tax
540:'s
530:'s
500:).
295:.
198:by
96:by
4783::
4234:‧
2760:,
2756:,
2752:,
1966:OL
1960:,
1946:.
1922:,
1903:,
1887:,
1855:.
1830:.
1811:.
1768:.
1719:.
1694:.
1668:.
1651:,
1601:.
1576:.
1273:^
1248:.
1084:,
1013:.
1001:.
976:.
856:.
822:)
755:.
684:.
476:,
58:.
4238:)
4230:(
3759:)
3755:(
3558:)
3550:(
3513:e
3506:t
3499:v
3108:e
3101:t
3094:v
2764:)
2748:(
2535:e
2528:t
2521:v
2059:e
2052:t
2045:v
2009:.
1866:.
1846:.
1822:.
1790:[
1780:.
1753:.
1745:(
1730:.
1705:.
1679:.
1638:.
1613:.
1587:.
1541:[
1531:.
1487:.
1419:.
1328:.
1301:.
1267:.
1252:.
1034:.
243:)
237:(
225:)
219:(
214:)
210:(
192:.
163:)
157:(
152:)
148:(
138:·
131:·
124:·
117:·
90:.
65:)
61:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
