714:. After the Mongols left, Kyawswa succeeded his father Narathihapate. But he was just a nominal king of Pagan for he controlled no more than a few miles outside Pagan. Indeed, the Pagan Empire had ceased to exist. Instead, the real power in central Burma rested with the brothers who through their small but well-disciplined army controlled the Kyaukse district, the most important granary of Pagan. Kyawswa had no choice but to recognize them as lords of Kyaukse. On 19 February 1293 (12th waxing of Tabaung 654 ME), the king appointed the eldest brother as viceroy of Myinsaing, the second brother as viceroy of Mekkara, and the third brother as viceroy of Pinle.
788:
36:
754:, escaped to China. The Yuan dynasty did not know about the dethronement until June–July 1298. In 1300, the Myinsaing forces led by Athinkhaya attacked the Mongol garrisons north of Mandalay named Nga Singu and Male. On 22 June 1300, the Mongol Emperor declared that Kumara Kassapa was the rightful king of Burma, and sent in an army from Yunnan. The invasion force reached
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on 25 January 1301 surrounding the city in an element of surprise but could not break through. The besiegers took the bribes by the three brothers, and began their withdrawal on 6 April 1301, completed two days later. The Yuan government at Yunnan executed their commanders but sent no more invasions.
733:
and asked for recognition as their vassal king in
January 1297. He received the official recognition and a Chinese title on 20 March 1297. In December, the brothers invited the now puppet king to Myinsaing, their stronghold, to take part in the dedication ceremony of a monastery built by them. The
762:
By then, the city of Pagan, once home to 200,000 people, had been reduced to a small town, never to regain its preeminence. (It survived into the 15th century as a human settlement.) The brothers placed one of
Kyawswa's sons as the governor of Pagan. Anawrahta's line continued to rule Pagan as
725:
in 1294, it was the brothers, not
Kyawswa, who sent a force to reclaim the former Pagan territory of Hanthawaddy (Lower Burma). While their attempt to reconquer Hanthawaddy was unsuccessful, it left no doubt as to who held the real power in central Burma.
771:
until 1369. The male side of Pagan ended there although the female side passed into Pinya and Ava royalty. But the Pagan line continued to be claimed by successive
Burmese dynasties down to the last Burmese dynasty
734:
king, with the backing of the
Mongols, felt secure and went to Myinsaing. But as soon as the ceremony was over, he was arrested, dethroned, and forced to become a monk in the very monastery he had just dedicated.
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was elected king by the dowager Queen Saw but soon became a governor under the authority of
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With the three brothers increasingly acting as sovereign kings, Kyawswa sent his son to the
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On 17 December 1297, the three brothers overthrew
Kyawswa, and founded the
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The brothers already behaved like sovereign kings nonetheless. When King
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They withdrew entirely from Upper Burma starting on 4 April 1303.
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2065:(1205 / 1207 / 1209–10 / 1225–27)
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of
Hanthawaddy received recognition as a tributary of the
1795:
List of battles of the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'
911:(December 1959). "History of Burma: A.D. 1300–1400".
944:
The Empire of the
Steppes: A History of Central Asia
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1790:Lists of battles of the Mongol invasion of Europe
933:History of diplomatic relations of Mongol-Eurasia
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2210:(1220–22 / 1226–31 / 1237–64)
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1193:Administrative divisions of the Yuan dynasty
948:. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
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120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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2140:(1277 / 1283 / 1287)
2099:(1236 / 1240 / 1252)
1188:Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs
302:
7:
1723:Administrative divisions and vassals
58:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
913:Journal of Burma Research Society
69:"Second Mongol invasion of Burma"
18:Mongol invasion of Myanmar (1300)
1383:The Twenty-four Filial Exemplars
1246:Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns
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34:
2754:Wars involving the Yuan dynasty
1108:Second Mongol invasion of Burma
673:second Mongol invasion of Burma
135:Second Mongol invasion of Burma
45:needs additional citations for
2744:Invasions by the Mongol Empire
1133:Red Turban invasions of Goryeo
142:Mongol invasions and conquests
1:
2749:Wars involving Imperial China
2710:Timeline of the Mongol Empire
2407:Division of the Mongol Empire
1416:The Story of the Western Wing
1287:Cloud Platform at Juyong Pass
1011:Division of the Mongol Empire
1292:Gulou and Zhonglou (Beijing)
1043:conquest of the Song dynasty
802:Sino–Burmese War (1765–1769)
2734:Military history of Myanmar
1657:Manghit / Mangudai
1312:Jinan Great Southern Mosque
763:governors under Myinsaing,
155:January 1300 – 8 April 1301
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2436:Esen Buqa–Ayurbarwada war
1198:Yuan dynasty in Inner Asia
1077:Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288)
746:. At Pagan, Kyawswa's son
544:Hungary and Croatia (
2764:1301 in the Mongol Empire
2759:1300 in the Mongol Empire
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2251:(1223 / 1236–40)
2157:(1257 / 1284–88)
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1780:Byzantine–Mongol Alliance
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1113:Esen Buqa–Ayurbarwada war
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632:Mongol invasions of Burma
529:Poland and Bohemia (
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382:East Asia (other regions)
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1227:Goryeo under Mongol rule
1033:Mongol conquest of China
894:Aung-Thwin 1985: 196–197
876:Köllner, Bruns 1998: 115
660:2nd invasion (1301–1302)
643:1st invasion (1277–1287)
27:1300–1 military campaign
1733:Invasions and conquests
1652:Paiza / Gerege
1302:Pagoda of Bailin Temple
1123:1344 Yellow River flood
1118:War of the Two Capitals
1028:Kublai Khan's campaigns
940:Grousset, Rene (2000).
2739:Wars involving Myanmar
2390:(1260 / 1301)
2118:(1274 / 1281)
1785:Franco-Mongol alliance
1402:The Injustice to Dou E
1307:Temple of Azure Clouds
1237:Science and technology
1094:Battle of Ngasaunggyan
1038:anti-Mongol fortresses
828:Than Tun 1959: 119–120
201:Commanders and leaders
2729:14th century in Burma
1138:Battle of Lake Poyang
1128:Red Turban Rebellions
245:Casualties and losses
2281:Serbia and Bulgaria
683:was repulsed by the
291:Mongol invasions and
54:improve this article
2528:Khagans of the Yuan
2257:Poland and Bohemia
2033:Khwarazmian Empire
1758:Society and economy
1321:Society and culture
1048:Battle of Xiangyang
561:Bulgaria and Serbia
2273:Holy Roman Empire
1728:Banner/Bunchuk/Tug
1409:The Orphan of Zhao
1178:Imperial Preceptor
867:Than Tun 1959: 121
858:Than Tun 1964: 137
846:Than Tun 1959: 122
837:Htin Aung 1967: 74
2774:Conflicts in 1301
2769:Conflicts in 1300
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1765:House of Borjigin
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1016:Toluid Civil War
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1738:Destructiveness
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1471:History of Yuan
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1369:Wenxian Tongkao
1334:History of Liao
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1297:Miaoying Temple
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1145:Ispah rebellion
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935:. Vol. II.
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1084:Java invasion
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2480:Genghis Khan
2249:Kievan Rus'
2227:(1237–1300s)
2219:(1237–1300s)
2162:
2063:Western Xia
2025:Qara Khitai
1858:Major cities
1837:Golden Horde
1813:Yuan dynasty
1700:Organization
1634:
1585:Khong Tayiji
1469:
1443:Other topics
1414:
1407:
1400:
1393:
1381:
1374:
1367:
1362:Menggu Ziyun
1360:
1353:
1346:
1339:
1332:
1280:Architecture
1268:
1261:
1244:
1107:
994:Yuan dynasty
943:
932:
916:
912:
890:
881:
872:
863:
842:
833:
769:Ava kingdoms
761:
741:
728:
716:
704:Yuan dynasty
697:
677:Yuan dynasty
672:
670:
659:
648:Ngasaunggyan
566:Latin Empire
432:Nizari state
411:Western Asia
331:Central Asia
321:
222:Yazathingyan
190:Yuan dynasty
184:Belligerents
140:Part of the
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2555:Sartaq Khan
2524:Kublai Khan
2519:Möngke Khan
2493:Ögedei Khan
2472:Great Khans
2438:(1314–1318)
2430:(1268–1301)
2382:(1260–1323)
2366:(1253–1256)
2349:Middle East
2243:(1238–1239)
2184:(1221–1327)
2043:(1219–1256)
2035:(1219–1221)
2017:(1264–1308)
2009:(1207-1308)
1875:Azov (Azaq)
1541:Terminology
1328:Yuan poetry
1166:family tree
369:Eastern Xia
359:Western Xia
338:Qara Khitai
2723:Categories
2691:Nogai Khan
2575:Özbeg Khan
2506:Güyük Khan
2400:Civil wars
2388:Palestine
2297:Lithuania
2217:Circassia
1950:Xacitarxan
1935:Soltaniyeh
1672:Darughachi
1154:Government
808:References
698:After the
694:Background
681:Temür Khan
515:Durdzuketi
500:Kievan Rus
218:Athinkhaya
207:Temür Khan
80:newspapers
2560:Orda Khan
2550:Batu Khan
2414:(1260–64)
2358:(1241–43)
2356:Anatolia
2331:(1287–88)
2323:(1285–86)
2315:(1264–65)
2307:(1259–60)
2299:(1258–59)
2275:(1241–42)
2267:(1241–42)
2259:(1240–41)
2235:(1229–36)
2225:Chechnya
2165:(1300–02)
2129:Southeast
2108:(1253–56)
2090:(1235–79)
2082:(1231–60)
2074:(1211–34)
2027:(1216–18)
2015:Sakhalin
1975:Campaigns
1925:Saray-Jük
1915:Samarkand
1890:Karakorum
1849:Ilkhanate
1607:Political
1477:Khanbaliq
1218:Dpon-chen
1208:Manchuria
1173:Empresses
813:Citations
756:Myinsaing
712:Myinsaing
690:in 1301.
571:Lithuania
520:Circassia
461:invasions
449:Palestine
417:Caucassus
293:conquests
2686:Boroldai
2666:Khubilai
2646:Bo'orchu
2619:Military
2513:(regent)
2500:(regent)
2487:(regent)
2372:Baghdad
2321:Hungary
2265:Hungary
2208:Georgia
2155:Vietnam
2007:Siberia
1905:Maragheh
1805:Khanates
1753:Religion
1748:Military
1697:Politics
1647:Kurultai
1610:Military
1460:Borjigin
1270:Nong Shu
1252:Jiaochao
1203:Mongolia
1161:Emperors
1062:Sakhalin
931:Bor, J.
909:Than Tun
780:See also
774:Konbaung
738:Invasion
422:Anatolia
398:Sakhalin
343:Khwarezm
232:Strength
226:Thihathu
160:Location
2656:Boroqul
2651:Guo Kan
2641:Negudar
2626:Subutai
2526: (
2364:Alamut
2337:Serbia
2329:Poland
2313:Thrace
2305:Poland
2241:Alania
2106:Yunnan
2041:Persia
1999:Central
1978:Battles
1885:Bolghar
1880:Bukhara
1865:Almalik
1667:Kheshig
1595:Tarkhan
1482:Shangdu
1450:Mongols
1434:Fashion
1257:Coinage
1072:Vietnam
1003:History
902:Sources
748:Sawhnit
731:Tagaung
702:by the
685:Burmese
675:by the
586:Gazaria
510:Cumania
482:Vietnam
477:Siberia
439:Baghdad
253:Unknown
250:Unknown
240:Unknown
94:scholar
2636:Muqali
2610:Ghazan
2605:Arghun
2595:Hulegu
2485:Tolui
2461:People
2422:(1262)
2380:Syria
2374:(1258)
2339:(1291)
2291:(1242)
2283:(1242)
2199:Europe
2182:India
2163:Burma
2149:(1293)
2138:Burma
2116:Japan
2097:Tibet
2080:Korea
1940:Tabriz
1910:Qarshi
1870:Avarga
1716:Topics
1620:Jarlig
1580:Jinong
1575:Khanum
1570:Khatun
1560:Khagan
1552:Titles
996:topics
952:
719:Wareru
679:under
581:Serbia
550:Second
535:Second
525:Alania
491:Europe
444:Levant
427:Persia
322:Second
237:12,000
172:Result
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2681:Kadan
2676:Bayan
2661:Jelme
2600:Abaqa
2590:Kebek
2570:Toqta
2565:Berke
2545:Jochi
2538:Khans
2175:South
2147:Java
1900:Majar
1842:Wings
1662:Tümen
1642:Yassa
1625:Örtöö
1590:Noyan
1429:Islam
1213:Tibet
1099:Pagan
1089:Burma
1067:Japan
1053:Yamen
919:(II).
765:Pinya
653:Pagan
546:First
539:Third
531:First
467:India
459:Other
403:Tibet
393:Korea
388:Japan
352:China
317:First
311:Burma
165:Burma
101:JSTOR
87:books
2631:Jebe
2585:Duwa
2054:East
1991:Asia
1945:Ukek
1895:Dadu
1703:Life
1630:Orda
1565:Khan
1424:Semu
1389:Zaju
1348:Song
950:ISBN
917:XLII
767:and
671:The
472:Java
374:Song
306:Asia
152:Date
73:news
2671:Aju
1341:Jin
364:Jin
56:by
2725::
915:.
851:^
821:^
776:.
706:,
548:,
537:,
533:,
2530:)
1521:e
1514:t
1507:v
986:e
979:t
972:v
958:.
624:e
617:t
610:v
552:)
541:)
282:e
275:t
268:v
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
