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world and appear to the protagonists before any intercession can take place. Moreover, these beings are almost always anonymous and therefore difficult to correlate with figures in pre-Christian mythology. By contrast, Frau Holle resides somewhere above the Earth, and the protagonists must go to her, paradoxically by diving into a spring. When she makes her bed, loose feathers are 'stirred up' and fall to earth as snow, and so this fairy tale is an origin myth as well. Comparison between Frau Holle and a weather or earth goddess is inevitable. Jakob Grimm notes that Thunar (
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630:. She is said to be cursed because she expressed to prefer eternally hunt rather than go to Heaven, and her daughters, who expressed the same desire, were transformed into small dogs who either pull her wagon or sled, or serve as hunting dogs. She visits the homes of humans during the Twelve Nights of Christmas and punishes the lazy while sometimes rewarding the virtuous or those who help her.
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Hast thou believed that there is any woman who can do that which some, deceived by the devil, affirm that they must do of necessity or at his command, that is, with a throng of demons transformed into the likeness of women, (she whom common folly calls the witch Hulda), must ride on certain beasts in
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The Grimms say
Perchta or Berchta was known "precisely in those Upper German regions where Holda leaves off, in Swabia, in Alsace, in Switzerland, in Bavaria and Austria." According to Jacob Grimm (1882), Perchta was spoken of in Old High German in the 10th century as Frau Berchta and thought to be a
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Her mother wished the same good fortune for her biological daughter. She also set her to sit by the well and spin, but the girl deliberately threw the spindle into the well before jumping in herself. She too came to the oven, but would not assist the bread nor would she help the apple tree. When she
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The woman identified herself as Frau Holle, and cautioned the girl to shake the featherbed pillows and coverlet well when she made the bed, as that would make it snow in the girl's world. The girl agreed to take service with Frau Holle, and took care to always shake the featherbed until the feathers
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Like many of the other tales collected by the Grimm brothers, "Frau Holle" personifies good behavior and bad, and the appropriate reward meted out for each. Even so, it also exhibits a number of contrasts with other stories. Typically, the magical beings who appear in the tales must enter the real
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It is still a common expression in Hesse, Southern parts of the
Netherlands and beyond to say "Hulda is making her bed" when it is snowing, that is, she shakes her bed and out comes snow from heaven. Like many other tales collected by the Brothers Grimm, the story of Frau Holle was told to teach a
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After a time, the girl became homesick and told Frau Holle that it was time for her to return home. Frau Holle had been impressed by the girl's kindness and hard work so much that, when she escorted the girl to the gate, a shower of gold fell upon the girl. She also gave her the spindle which had
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Have you believed there is some female, whom the stupid vulgar call Holda , who is able to do a certain thing, such that those deceived by the devil affirm themselves by necessity and by command to be required to do, that is, with a crowd of demons transformed into the likeness of women, on fixed
725:(twelve nights of Christmas). She goes from house to house to see if the children and spinsters are spinning diligently, looking through the windows or even all gaps in the house wall. When they are still spinning during evening and night, then there will be slight or even severe punishments.
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When spinsters are not finished with their spinning, then the
Satzemsuse will sit in their lap during spinning or even give them igneous spindles instead of normal ones. The Spillaholle takes the lazy spinsters away. Frau Holle beats them with a batch of stinging nettles. If all the
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lived with her daughter and her stepdaughter. The widow favored her younger biological daughter, allowing her to become spoiled and idle while her older stepdaughter was left to do all the work. Every day, the stepdaughter would sit outside the cottage and
469:". These women would leave their houses in spirit, going "out through closed doors in the silence of the night, leaving their sleeping husbands behind". They would travel vast distances through the sky, to great feasts, or to battles amongst the clouds.
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The
Spillaholle also scares people to death or walks abroad at forest tracks. A less malicious activity of her is the causation of snow, just like it is known from the standard Frau Holle as well. When the Spillaholle shakes her bed, then it will snow.
697:. She appears hooded (characterized by the name Popelhole or PopelhĂŽle; Standard German: Popelholle; English translation: "hooded Holle") or wearing ragged clothing (as shown by the name variant Zumpeldrulle or Zompeldroll). She also can be seen in old
712:, for she is the overseer of spinning taboos and a bogey used for spinning children. Therefore, a broad variety of names for the Spillaholle shows connection to spindles, such as Spilladrulle, Spillagritte, Spillmarthe, Spillalutsche or Spellalutsche.
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that have survived to modern times. During the
Christmas period in the alpine regions of Germany, Austria and northern Switzerland, wild masked processions are still held in a number of towns, impersonating Holda, Perchta, or related beings, and the
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white-robed female spirit. She was known as a goddess who oversaw spinning and weaving, like myths of Holda in
Continental German regions. He believes she was the feminine equivalent of Berchtold, and she was sometimes the leader of the wild hunt.
594:, commonly called the "Queen of Heaven": An early-13th-century text listing superstitions states that "In the night of Christ's Nativity they set the table for the Queen of Heaven, whom the people call Frau Holda, that she might help them".
690:. The Spillaholle is a Silesian variant of female German legendary creatures such as Hulda (Frau Holle) or Perchta. In Bohemia, she is simply known as Frau Holle ("Mrs. Holle"). Other Silesian names are Satzemsuse, Mickadrulle, and Mickatrulle.
745:" (Do not quail, do not quail, why do you not spin the number at day?) Then she kills the children or takes them away. That this will not happen the children will be warned by their parents when at evening the wind is howling in the stove: "
590:, and pre-Christian Roman inscriptions to Hludana that he tentatively linked to the same divinity. There were early challenges to connecting this figure with a pagan goddess, since her earliest definite appearance links her with the
917:. As she leaned over the well to wash the blood away, the spindle fell from her hand and sank out of sight. The stepdaughter feared that she would be punished for losing the spindle, and in panic she leapt into the well after it.
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Here cometh up Dame Hulde with the snout, to wit, nature, and goeth about to gainstay her God and give him the lie, hangeth her old ragfair about her, the straw-harness; then falls to work and scrapes it featly on her fiddle. â
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is already spun, then there will not only be no punishment, even one of the nettles will be left in the house to ward the house of misfortune for the whole coming year. Additionally, in
Bohemia all spinning is banned on the
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nights to be required to ride upon certain beasts, and to themselves be numbered in their company? If you have performed participation in this unbelief, you are required to do penance for one year on designated fast-days.
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be harvested. So she did so and gathered them into a pile before continuing on her way. Finally, she came to a small house of an old woman, who offered to allow the girl to stay if she would help with the housework.
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Though not unique in this respect, the Frau Holle story is also notable for the absence of class-related motifs such as palaces, halls to which one may or may not be invited, and the rise to the status of the
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has identified similar beliefs existing throughout Europe for over 1,000 years, whereby men and women were thought to leave their bodies in spirit and follow a goddess variously called Holda, Diana,
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in old church documents. As early as the beginning of the 11th century she appears to have been known as the leader of women, and of female nocturnal spirits, which "in common parlance are called
3727:
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According to Erika Timm, Perchta emerged from an amalgamation of
Germanic and pre-Germanic, probably Celtic, traditions of the Alpine regions after the Migration Period in the Early Middle Ages.
885:'s friend and future wife Dortchen Wild. Some details were added in the second edition (1819), most notably rooster's greetings, based upon the account of Georg August Friedrich Goldmann from
956:
Other versions describe the first girl having a piece of gold fall from her lips every time she speaks, whilst the second has a toad fall from her lips every time she speaks, as depicted in
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came to Frau Holle's house, she likewise took service there. She then fell into her lazy careless ways. Frau Holle soon dismissed her. As the lazy girl stood at the gate, a kettle of
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speaks of "an army of women" with sickles in hand sent by Frau Hulda. Thomas
Reinesius in the 17th century speaks of Werra of the Voigtland and her "crowd of maenads."
835:= goat) and the Rilpen, a collectivity of wood sprites. The Bohemian Frau Holle is accompanied by small deformed wights which she orders to beat outrageous spinsters with rods.
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and
Ginzburg both conclude that she is pre-Christian in origin, based on comparison with other remarkably similar figures and ritual observances spread throughout Europe.
1939:
Hartman, Jennifer (2021). Frau Holle (Old Mother Frost); From the English version Old Mother Frost (2020); Available online by Pagan Kids Publishing. ISBN 978-1777306717)
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censures women who claim to have ridden with a "crowd of demons". Burchard's later recension of the same text expands on this in a section titled "De arte magica":
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special nights and be numbered with their company? If thou hast participated in this infidelity, thou shouldst do penance for one year on the appointed fast days.
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Frau Holle's festival is in the middle of winter, the time when humans retreat indoors from the cold. It may be of significance that the
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571:. Vivid visual descriptions of her may allude to a popular costumed portrayal, perhaps as part of a seasonal festival or holiday drama.
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Timm, Erika. 2003. Frau Holle, Frau Percht, und verwandte Gestalten: 160 Jahre nach Grimm aus germanistischer Sicht betrachtet.
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A pagan Holda received wide distribution in catalogs of superstitions and in sermons during the 15th century, and in the 16th,
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1038:
1008:
405:, Perchta emerged from an amalgamation of Germanic and pre-Germanic, probably Celtic, traditions of the Alpine regions after the
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Grimm based his theory of Holda on what he took to be the earliest references to her: An 11th century interpolation to the
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Frau Gauden, also known as Frau Gode, Frau Gaur, Fru Goden, Frau Wohl, and Mutter Gauerken, is a being from the folklore of
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dress or generally shaped as a pelt sleeve. The Bohemian Frau Holle is a small and ugly old woman which carries a batch of
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1591:(a common late-medieval and early modern genre), was compiled in the years 1236â1250 by Rudolph, a Cistercian monk.
205:) was initially a pre-Christian female legendary figure who survived in popular belief well into the 19th century.
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823:. Normally, the Spillaholle appears solitarily, but as Popelhole, she is wed to the Popelmann, a German Silesian
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Grimm, Jacob (1882). Deutsche Mythologie 4th ed. . Trans. James Stallybrass Grimm's Teutonic Mythology Volume 1.
457:, which closely resemble the brooms that witches are thought to ride. Likewise, Holda was often identified with
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fallen into the well. With that, the gate was closed and the girl found herself back not far from her house.
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Holda's connection to the spirit world through the magic of spinning and weaving has associated her with
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In nocte nativitatis Christi ponunt regina celi quam dominam Holdam vulgus appelat, ut eas ipsa adiuvet.
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524:, Arada, and Perchta. He also identifies strong morphological similarities with the earlier goddesses
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305:("gracious, friendly, kind, favorable, true, faithful, loyal, devout, acceptable, pleasant"), from
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Holle is the goddess to whom children who died as infants go, and alternatively known as both the
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420:(White Lady), elements which are more typically associated with the Grimms' fairy tale as well.
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Partially approved: Berlin, University, habilitation treatise R. Beitl, 1933, Waxmann Verlag,
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987:) makes rain in a similar fashion, implying for Frau Holle a very high rank in the pantheon.
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The Spindelholle is a sallow old woman with short arms and legs, sometimes directly called a
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employed the image to personify the shortcomings of hostile Reason in theological contexts.
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Untersuchungen zur Mythologie des Kindes: herausgegeben von Bernd Rieken und Michael Simon.
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were all names to denote a single being. Hulda is also related to the Germanic figure of
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The appearance of the Spillaholle is mainly during the winter months, especially during
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spilled over her. "That is what you have earned" said Frau Holle and closed the gate.
354:) all dating from 197 AD-235 AD. Many attempts have been made to interpret this name.
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1950:(1888); Available online by Northvegr 2004-2007. Chapter 13:4 Holda, Holle. Dead link
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Grimm made the attempt to establish her as a benevolent goddess of German antiquity
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749:" (The Spillagritte comes!), or they will have to listen to the following rhyme:
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The Great Fairy Tale Tradition: From Straparola and Basile to the Brothers Grimm
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Boissevain, Ursul Philip (1888). "De inscriptione Romana apud Frisios reperta".
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moral. In this case, it is that hard work is rewarded and laziness is punished.
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1646:(in German). Vol. 1: Sagen und mĂ€rchen . Wilhelm BraumĂŒller. p. 19ff.
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374:, Germanic paganism was almost completely marginalized and blended into rural
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1987:]. Deutscher Sagenschatz Herausgegeben (in German). Vol. 10. Jena:
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819:("Spillalutsche's stone"). At night, seven lights can be seen above the
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2443:
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Old Mother Frost Fairytale by Jennifer Hartman at Pagan Kids Publishing
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The Spindelholle's home lies beneath a rock in the woods, known as the
738:. If a spinster is working anyway, she will be punished by Frau Holle.
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Verzage nicht, verzage nicht, warum spinnst du die Zahl am Tage nicht?
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The tale was published by the Brothers Grimm in the first edition of
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210:
1464:"Selections from the Corrector and Physician of Burchard of Worms (
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928:. The bread asked to be taken out before it burned. With a baker's
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1514:(1984). "The Winter Goddess: Percht, Holda, and related figures".
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208:
The name may be cognate of the Scandinavian creature known as the
378:, in which the character of Frau Hulda eventually survived.
984:
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1959:
Handwörterbuch des Deutschen Aberglaubens: Band 8 Silber-Vulkan
1756:
Handwörterbuch des Deutschen Aberglaubens: Band 1 Aal-Butzemann
1689:
Handwörterbuch des Deutschen Aberglaubens: Band 1 Aal-Butzemann
1284:
List, Edgar A. (March 1956). "Is Frau Holda the Virgin Mary?".
1472:
Medieval handbooks of penance: A translation of the principal
827:. As Satzemsuse she has companions which are the Satzemkater (
694:
487:
Later canonical and church documents make her synonymous with
2072:
Leek, Thonas. "Holda: Between folklore and linguistics". In:
1196:, a similar fairy tale, also collected by the Brothers Grimm.
362:
As Christianity slowly replaced Germanic paganism during the
117:
3728:
The Story of the Youth Who Went Forth to Learn What Fear Was
1462:
McNeill, John Thomas; Gamer, Helena Margaret, eds. (1938).
920:
The girl found herself in a meadow, where she came upon an
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1709:
1707:
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1703:
1701:
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1697:
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To children spinning in the night the Spindelholle says: "
128:
1965:
1937. (reprint: Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/New York 2000,
1480:. New York City: Columbia University Press. p. 331.
280:("fair, kindly, gracious") or 'hyld' ("secret, hidden"),
1000:
Aarne and Thompson classification system of fairy tales
708:
The main activity of the Spillaholle is connected with
660:
also Spillahulle, Spillahole, SpillahĂŽle, Spiellahole;
1957:. In: Hanns BÀchtold-StÀubli, Eduard Hoffmann-Krayer:
1754:. In: Hanns BÀchtold-StÀubli, Eduard Hoffmann-Krayer:
1687:. In: Hanns BÀchtold-StÀubli, Eduard Hoffmann-Krayer:
1335:
An early interpretation, with quoted inscriptions, is
251:("gracious, friendly, sympathetic, grateful" found in
1494:
Based on critical editions and manuscripts listed on
668:
Holle") is a legendary creature exclusively found in
140:
111:
108:
913:
One day, she pricked her finger on the point of the
326:
is found in five Latin inscriptions: three from the
131:
114:
3846:
3311:
3264:
3182:
3101:
2712:
2190:
2114:The complete set of Grimms' Fairy Tales, including
439:during which the dead were thought to roam abroad.
125:
122:
84:
76:
65:
57:
52:
32:
1946:(German Mythology); From English released version
1614:
1566:(in German). Leipzig: S. Hirzel. pp. 489â500.
1378:
1376:
431:("the Twelve"), which like the same period in the
1872:Jakob Ludwig Karl Grimm, transl J.S. Stallybrass.
366:, many of the old customs were gradually lost or
1993:(reprint: Eugen Diederichs Verlag, Munich 1993,
1786:. MĂŒnster/New York/MĂŒnchen/Berlin 2007, p. 136.
1392:
1390:
1388:
548:, as well as figures from fairy-tales, such as
336:XIII 8611, 8723, 8661), one from MĂŒnstereifel (
3225:
2156:
1616:"Frau Holda as the personification of Reason"
1506:
1504:
453:. She was considered to ride with witches on
247:The name is thought to originate from German
179:Frau Holle (also known in various regions as
8:
2008:. Berlin 1914. (reprint: Salzwasser Verlag,
1746:
1744:
805:If the little strand will be finished soon.
2131:Illustrations of Mother Holle by Otto Kubel
1826:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1814:
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1730:
1728:
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1724:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1643:Sagen, MÀrchen und GebrÀuche aus Meklenburg
1576:
1473:
1447:. "Corrector and Physician: On Penitence".
1402:Ecstasies: Deciphering the witches' sabbath
1359:and located inscriptions among the Frisian
683:. A similar being is found in folktales of
3232:
3218:
3210:
2163:
2149:
2141:
866:Illustration of Mother Holle by Otto Kubel
273:("friendliness"). Cognate with Danish and
38:
3879:The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm
2078:https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110206630.312
1800:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1792:
802:Ob das StrÀhnlein wird bald fertig sein.
2031:1863. (reprint: Holzinger, Berlin 2013,
1843:
1784:Untersuchungen zur Mythologie des Kindes
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1715:
1558:The early challenges were summarized in
1431:
1180:, a children's story based on Frau Holle
751:
605:Frau Holle or Perchta with the Wild Hunt
234:"Holda, the good protectress" (1882) by
27:German legendary creature and fairy tale
2126:Comprehensive list of Grimm Fairy Tales
1546:The Exposition of the Epistles at Basel
1221:
794:She peeks through all the little gaps,
881:, published in 1812. Their source was
664:: Spindelholle; English translation: "
555:A 16th century fable recorded by
312:("favourable, gracious, loyal"), from
218:made an attempt to establish her as a
29:
4098:ATU 480 The Kind and the Unkind Girls
3368:The Devil with the Three Golden Hairs
1898:"Tales Similar to Diamonds and Toads"
1478:and selections from related documents
1229:
1227:
1225:
7:
4083:Witchcraft in folklore and mythology
4011:
1878:. George Bell, London 1882, pp 263f.
1600:
1582:
1563:Handbuch der germanischen mythologie
381:In Germanic pre-Christian folklore,
368:assimilated into Christian tradition
799:Ebs StrĂąnla watt bĂąle fertig sein.
3827:The Wolf and the Seven Young Goats
1977:Peuckert, Will-Erich, ed. (1924).
791:Sie guckt zu allen Löchlein rein,
25:
1355:Boissevain noted the Celtic form
319:("to tend, incline, bend, tip").
4053:Female characters in fairy tales
4010:
3999:
3998:
3737:The Three Little Men in the Wood
2882:Johann Peter Petri (Black Peter)
2101:
2089:
2025:Sagen-Buch von Böhmen und MÀhren
1832:Sagen-Buch von Böhmen und MÀhren
1160:
1039:The Three Little Men in the Wood
345:) and one from Beetgum, Frisia (
287:("faithful, dedicated, loyal"),
104:
3548:The King of the Golden Mountain
2076:113, no. 2008 (2008): 312-338.
1629:: 446â448 – via ProQuest.
1150:takes elements from the story.
564:pre-Christian Alpine traditions
1758:. Berlin/New York 2000 p. 261.
1691:. Berlin/New York 2000 p. 262.
1012:. Others of this type include
788:Se guckt zu olla Löchlan rei,
333:Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
169:Children's and Household Tales
1:
3800:The Twelve Dancing Princesses
1585:, p. 81). This text, an
1528:10.1080/0015587X.1984.9716309
1465:
1404:. London: Hutchinson Radius.
1009:The Kind and the Unkind Girls
772:Spin, little children, spin,
3350:Cat and Mouse in Partnership
2290:Companions of Saint Nicholas
1168:Children's literature portal
1060:. Literary variants include
941:flew about like snowflakes.
831:= tomcat), the Satzemziege (
769:Spinnt, Kinderlein, spinnt,
44:Frau Holle, illustration by
3897:Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics
3674:The Singing, Springing Lark
3395:The Elves and the Shoemaker
3152:Hirschsprung (Black Forest)
2074:Indogermanische Forschungen
1027:The Three Heads in the Well
562:Frau Holle figures in some
416:(Dark Grandmother) and the
172:in 1812 (KHM 24). It is of
4114:
4043:Female legendary creatures
4038:German legendary creatures
3888:Once Upon a Brothers Grimm
3476:The Goose-Girl at the Well
3413:The Four Skillful Brothers
3404:The Fisherman and His Wife
3124:VolksmÀrchen der Deutschen
2959:Peter Nikoll (Black Peter)
1948:Grimm's Teutonic Mythology
1560:Golther, Wolfgang (1895).
719:, Christmas or during the
637:
576:M. Luther (1522)
409:in the Early Middle Ages.
3993:
3247:
2183:German-speaking countries
2178:
1210:Father Frost (fairy tale)
783:The Spillalutsche comes;
780:Die Spillalutsche kommt;
766:Spennt, Kendala, spennt,
37:
3764:Town Musicians of Bremen
2756:Christman Genipperteinga
1808:. Paderborn 2011, p. 27.
1243:University of Pittsburgh
1006:is a story of type 480,
777:De Spellalutsche kemmt;
685:formerly German-speaking
425:Twelve Days of Christmas
358:Origins and attestations
3948:German Fairy Tale Route
3719:Snow-White and Rose-Red
3386:The Dog and the Sparrow
3332:The Brave Little Tailor
3102:Legends and fairy tales
2910:Kunigunde von OrlamĂŒnde
2868:Heinrich von Winkelried
2023:Josef Virgil Grohmann:
1830:Josef Virgil Grohmann:
878:Kinder- und HausmÀrchen
747:Die Spillagritte kommt!
236:Friedrich Wilhelm Heine
3940:American McGee's Grimm
3836:The Wonderful Musician
3566:Little Red Riding Hood
2987:RĂŒdiger von Bechelaren
2770:Eppelein von Gailingen
1863:. Munich 1993, p. 264.
1640:Bartsch, Karl (1879).
1622:Philological Quarterly
1588:Aberglaubenverzeichnis
1577:
1474:
1292:(2): 80â84, at p. 80.
1126:(1985), Czechoslovakia
979:
867:
859:
851:
606:
578:
485:
239:
226:The legendary creature
3647:The Robber Bridegroom
3611:Pied Piper of Hamelin
3512:The Hut in the Forest
3159:Venusberg (mythology)
2966:Pied Piper of Hamelin
2812:Götz von Berlichingen
2728:Arnold von Winkelried
1942:Grimm, Jacob (1835).
1859:Will-Erich Peuckert:
1834:. Berlin 2013, p. 39.
1184:Kallo and the Goblins
973:
865:
857:
846:
604:
573:
480:
472:The 9th century
233:
4078:Textiles in folklore
3983:The Grimm Variations
3530:Jorinde and Joringel
3521:The Jew Among Thorns
3301:Deutsches Wörterbuch
3050:Walram of Thierstein
2924:Matthias Klostermayr
2805:Giselher of Burgundy
2798:Genevieve of Brabant
2784:Frederick Barbarossa
2110:at Wikimedia Commons
1648:Also available from
1475:libri poenitentiales
1286:The German Quarterly
1118:(1973), West Germany
1110:(1963), East Germany
1104:(1961), West Germany
1098:(1954), West Germany
1090:(1953), East Germany
1045:The Enchanted Wreath
427:were originally the
370:. By the end of the
4073:Fiction about magic
4068:Grimms' Fairy Tales
3791:The Twelve Brothers
3292:Deutsche Mythologie
3274:Grimms' Fairy Tales
3110:Grimms' Fairy Tales
3057:Walter of Aquitaine
3029:The Smith of Kochel
2006:Sagen aus Schlesien
1944:Deutsche Mythologie
1896:Heidi Anne Heiner,
1806:Sagen aus Schlesien
1137:Gretel & Hansel
821:Spillalutschenstein
817:Spillalutschenstein
736:night of St. Thomas
314:Proto-Indo-European
90:Grimm's Fairy Tales
4088:Germanic goddesses
4063:German fairy tales
4048:1812 short stories
3906:The Brothers Grimm
3746:The Three Spinners
3341:Brother and Sister
3241:The Brothers Grimm
3064:Werner Stauffacher
2980:Punker of Rohrbach
2896:Knight of the Swan
1903:2012-09-05 at the
1875:Teutonic Mythology
1265:Nordisk familjebok
1205:Diamonds and Toads
1194:The Three Spinners
1177:Grandmother Winter
1021:Diamonds and Toads
995:through marriage.
980:
959:Diamonds and Toads
868:
860:
852:
847:Frau Holle in the
607:
437:intercalary period
261:Middle High German
240:
4025:
4024:
3924:The Sisters Grimm
3809:The Water of Life
3503:Hansel and Gretel
3207:
3206:
3092:Xaver Hohenleiter
3036:Till Eulenspiegel
2903:Konrad Baumgarten
2889:Klaus Störtebeker
2763:Dietrich von Bern
2381:Feuermann (ghost)
2106:Media related to
2094:The full text of
2060:978-3-8309-1809-7
2037:978-1-4849-7919-8
2018:978-3-8460-0190-5
1980:Schlesische Sagen
1971:978-3-11-016860-0
1887:Grimm (1882) p268
1861:Schlesische Sagen
1445:Burchard of Worms
1123:The Feather Fairy
1063:The Three Fairies
1015:Shita-kiri Suzume
998:According to the
910:beside the well.
809:
808:
656:The Spillaholle (
588:Burchard of Worms
414:Dunkle GroĂmutter
364:Early Middle Ages
162:collected by the
146:; also known as "
96:
95:
16:(Redirected from
4105:
4018:
4014:
4013:
4006:
4002:
4001:
3986:
3977:
3974:The 10th Kingdom
3968:
3965:Once Upon a Time
3959:
3950:
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3785:
3776:
3767:
3758:
3749:
3740:
3731:
3722:
3713:
3704:
3695:
3686:
3683:The Six Servants
3677:
3668:
3665:The Seven Ravens
3659:
3650:
3641:
3632:
3623:
3614:
3605:
3596:
3587:
3578:
3569:
3560:
3557:King Thrushbeard
3551:
3542:
3539:The Juniper Tree
3533:
3524:
3515:
3506:
3497:
3494:Hans My Hedgehog
3488:
3479:
3470:
3461:
3458:The Golden Goose
3452:
3443:
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3425:
3416:
3407:
3398:
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3119:
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3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
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3059:
3052:
3045:
3043:Volker von Alzey
3038:
3031:
3024:
3017:
3010:
3003:
2996:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2945:Otto the Younger
2940:
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2758:
2751:
2744:
2742:Baron Munchausen
2737:
2730:
2723:
2721:Albrecht Gessler
2705:
2698:
2691:
2689:Will-o'-the-wisp
2684:
2677:
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2635:
2628:
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2600:
2593:
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2579:
2572:
2570:Nixie (folklore)
2565:
2558:
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2544:
2537:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2502:
2495:
2488:
2481:
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2467:
2460:
2453:
2451:Jack o' the bowl
2446:
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2318:Dwarf (folklore)
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2306:
2304:Drak (mythology)
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2158:
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2142:
2105:
2093:
2004:Richard KĂŒhnau:
1992:
1989:Eugen Diederichs
1985:Silesian legends
1927:
1913:
1907:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1879:
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1864:
1857:
1851:
1841:
1835:
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1804:Richard KĂŒhnau:
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1327:
1326:
1323:"Huld Etymology"
1319:
1313:
1312:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1271:
1257:Westrin, Theodor
1253:
1247:
1246:
1231:
1170:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1115:Once Upon a Time
1076:Film adaptations
1069:Aurore and Aimée
974:Illustration by
758:Standard German
755:Silesian German
752:
703:stinging nettles
681:Austrian Silesia
536:, the Matres of
407:Migration Period
372:High Middle Ages
220:Germanic goddess
156:Old Mother Frost
143:
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3997:
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3912:
3903:
3894:
3885:
3876:
3867:
3862:Göttingen Seven
3860:
3853:
3842:
3833:
3824:
3818:The White Snake
3815:
3806:
3797:
3788:
3779:
3770:
3761:
3752:
3743:
3734:
3725:
3716:
3707:
3701:Sleeping Beauty
3698:
3689:
3680:
3671:
3662:
3656:Rumpelstiltskin
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3527:
3518:
3509:
3500:
3491:
3485:The Grave Mound
3482:
3473:
3464:
3455:
3449:The Golden Bird
3446:
3440:Godfather Death
3437:
3428:
3422:The Frog Prince
3419:
3410:
3401:
3392:
3383:
3377:Doctor Know-all
3374:
3365:
3356:
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3338:
3329:
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3307:
3298:
3289:
3280:
3271:
3260:
3243:
3238:
3208:
3203:
3196:
3191:German folklore
3189:
3178:
3173:Walpurgis Night
3171:
3164:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3136:
3129:
3122:
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3090:
3083:
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2999:
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2861:Hans von Trotha
2859:
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2775:
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2596:
2589:
2582:
2575:
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2547:
2540:
2533:
2528:Mare (folklore)
2526:
2519:
2512:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2486:Knecht Ruprecht
2484:
2477:
2470:
2463:
2456:
2449:
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2416:HeinzelmÀnnchen
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2269:BuschgroĂmutter
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2239:
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2218:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2186:
2174:
2172:German folklore
2169:
2121:Standard Ebooks
2086:
2069:
2067:Further reading
2042:Richard Beitl:
1976:
1936:
1931:
1930:
1914:
1910:
1905:Wayback Machine
1895:
1891:
1886:
1882:
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1782:Richard Beitl:
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1451:. Paragraph 70.
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1398:Ginzburg, Carlo
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1235:Ashliman, D. L.
1233:
1232:
1223:
1218:
1200:True and Untrue
1166:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1132:(2008), Germany
1084:(1906), Germany
1078:
1057:The Two Caskets
968:
899:
873:
841:
674:formerly German
670:German folklore
662:Standard German
658:Silesian German
654:
642:
636:
624:
619:
557:Erasmus Alberus
518:Signora Oriente
451:German folklore
433:Celtic calendar
360:
268:Old High German
245:
228:
158:") is a German
141:
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103:
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3597:
3593:Old Hildebrand
3588:
3579:
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3489:
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3467:The Goose Girl
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3198:Swiss folklore
3194:
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3138:Nibelungenlied
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3131:Gespensterbuch
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3117:Deutsche Sagen
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2577:Ork (folklore)
2573:
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2084:External links
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2054:/Berlin 2007,
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3584:Mother Holle
3583:
3575:Mary's Child
3299:
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3255:
3249:
3085:Wolfdietrich
3071:William Tell
2994:SchildbĂŒrger
2703:Wolpertinger
2668:WiedergÀnger
2661:WeiĂe Frauen
2612:Rhinemaidens
2394:
2360:Ewiger JĂ€ger
2325:Easter Bunny
2297:DoppelgÀnger
2181:Folklore of
2180:
2115:
2108:Mother Hulda
2096:Mother Holle
2073:
2043:
2024:
2005:
1984:
1979:
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1954:
1947:
1943:
1916:
1915:Jack Zipes,
1911:
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1650:Google Books
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1581:, quoted by
1572:
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1457:
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1439:
1430:, quoted by
1425:
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1366:
1356:
1342:
1341:(in Latin).
1338:
1331:
1317:
1309:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1268:. Retrieved
1251:
1242:
1239:"Frau Holle"
1175:
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1108:Mother Holly
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1101:
1095:Mother Holly
1093:
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1082:Mother Holly
1081:
1067:
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1055:
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1033:Father Frost
1031:
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1019:
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1004:Mother Hulda
1003:
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981:
976:Walter Crane
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152:Mother Hulda
151:
148:Mother Holle
147:
99:
97:
88:
85:Published in
18:Mother Hulda
4093:ATU 460-499
3915:Grimm Tales
3855:Grimm's law
3773:Trusty John
3251:Jacob Grimm
2952:Peter Klaus
2696:Witte Wiwer
2626:Santa Claus
2598:Poltergeist
2542:Moss people
2479:King Laurin
2388:Feldgeister
2339:Elwetritsch
1955:Spillaholle
1752:Spillaholle
1685:Spillaholle
1512:Motz, Lotte
1367:De Germania
652:Spillaholle
628:Mecklenburg
622:Frau Gauden
592:Virgin Mary
418:Weisse Frau
328:lower Rhine
300:Old English
216:Jacob Grimm
4032:Categories
3932:Fairy tale
3870:Grim Tales
3782:The Turnip
3710:Snow White
3638:The Riddle
3602:Old Sultan
3359:Cinderella
3145:FreischĂŒtz
3022:TannhÀuser
2875:Hildebrand
2833:Gundomar I
2791:Friar Rush
2640:Tatzelwurm
2605:Rasselbock
2556:Nachzehrer
2549:Nachtkrapp
2521:Lutzelfrau
2430:Hinzelmann
2395:Frau Holle
2283:Christkind
2276:Changeling
2241:Belsnickel
2116:Frau Holle
2050:/New York/
1934:Literature
1846:, p.
1583:List (1956
1486:1157126118
1361:Ingaevones
1270:2013-04-08
1216:References
1189:The Months
1147:Wonderwell
1130:Frau Holle
1088:Frau Holle
871:Background
858:Frau Holle
699:Franconian
679:including
596:Lotte Motz
550:Cinderella
444:witchcraft
403:Erika Timm
352:XIII, 8830
343:XIII, 7944
176:type 480.
160:fairy tale
100:Frau Holle
61:Frau Holle
33:Frau Holle
3755:Thumbling
3431:The Gnome
2917:Lohengrin
2675:Wild Hunt
2465:Klagmuhme
2248:Bergmönch
2220:Aufhocker
2010:Paderborn
1953:Marzell:
1919:, p 543,
1750:Marzell:
1683:Marzell:
1601:List 1956
1468:1008-12)"
1424:From the
1365:Tacitus.
1339:Mnemosyne
569:wild hunt
322:The name
282:Icelandic
253:hold sein
243:Etymology
53:Folk tale
4004:Category
3629:Rapunzel
3323:Bearskin
3183:See also
2931:Nibelung
2847:Hannikel
2749:Brunhild
2682:Wild man
2619:RĂŒbezahl
2507:Lindworm
2409:Heimchen
2346:Erdhenne
2262:Bogeyman
2255:Bieresel
2234:Beerwolf
2213:Askafroa
2199:Alberich
1901:Archived
1544:(1522).
1516:Folklore
1449:Decretum
1400:(1990).
1345:: 440f.
1261:"Huldra"
1237:(2019).
1154:See also
993:nobility
966:Analysis
924:full of
897:Synopsis
849:Efteling
825:Bogeyman
761:English
722:Zwölften
710:spinning
617:Variants
542:Matronae
522:Richella
514:Herodias
509:Ginzburg
501:Richella
493:Herodias
455:distaffs
448:Catholic
435:were an
429:Zwölften
376:folklore
257:huldigen
69:grouping
4016:Commons
3312:Notable
2819:Gunther
2584:Perchta
2563:Nis Puk
2514:Lorelei
2500:Krampus
2444:Irrwurz
2437:Hödekin
2367:FĂ€nggen
2353:Erlking
2227:Bahkauv
2048:MĂŒnster
1357:HluĂ°ena
1351:4424810
915:spindle
901:A rich
887:Hanover
688:Bohemia
677:Silesia
666:spindle
640:Perchta
634:Perchta
530:Artemis
505:Abundia
399:Perchta
324:Hludana
275:Swedish
195:Berchta
190:Perchta
80:Germany
77:Country
72:ATU 480
3166:Vineta
3078:Witege
3008:Sigurd
2938:Ortnit
2826:Gudrun
2735:Attila
2713:People
2633:Schrat
2493:Kobold
2423:Hemann
2374:Fasolt
2191:Beings
2058:
2052:Munich
2035:
2029:Prague
2016:
2012:2011,
1997:
1969:
1963:Berlin
1923:
1496:p. 440
1484:
1408:
1349:
1306:401399
1304:
1140:(2020)
1054:, and
978:, 1882
934:apples
717:Advent
544:, and
540:, the
538:Engyon
526:Hecate
503:, and
497:Bertha
463:Hulden
393:, and
310:hulĂŸaz
285:hollur
211:Hulder
203:Bertha
154:" or "
3956:Grimm
3847:Other
3314:tales
3265:Works
2777:Faust
2654:Uhaml
2647:TĂŒrst
2402:GĂŒtel
2311:Drude
1983:[
1347:JSTOR
1302:JSTOR
951:pitch
926:bread
903:widow
833:Ziege
829:Kater
546:Epona
534:Artio
489:Diana
467:Holda
465:from
459:Diana
395:Holla
391:Holle
387:Holda
383:Hulda
317:*kel-
296:holde
271:huldī
264:hulde
201:, or
199:Berta
185:Holda
181:Holla
4058:Flax
2056:ISBN
2033:ISBN
2014:ISBN
1995:ISBN
1967:ISBN
1921:ISBN
1482:OCLC
1406:ISBN
1066:and
985:Thor
930:peel
922:oven
908:spin
303:hold
292:hold
278:huld
249:huld
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3254:·
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1524:doi
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586:by
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348:CIL
339:CIL
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166:in
142:HOL
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