396:
are very fickle if any trunk is present. It is best done in summer, but a substantial root ball should be preserved, and shade should be provided at the new location – at the very least by tying the outer fronds closer to the centre. Ground watering is recommended because crown watering can induce terminal rot at the very slow-growing new spike. Delays should be avoided in getting nīkau into new ground, and substantial die-back of all but the central spike can be expected.
300:
86:
61:
409:
417:
42:
384:
339:
359:
stamens. The female flowers are solitary. The fruit is elliptic or oblong, and generally measures about 10 by 7 mm, and is red when ripe. Nīkau produce flowers between
November and April, and fruit ripens from February to November, taking almost a year to fully ripen. These are a preferred food of the
395:
Transplanting juveniles is generally successful if the main root is left intact. Nīkau do not have a true tap root. Once the main root has been established to a fairly shallow depth of about 400 mm, roots take on form consistent with other palms. Successful transplanting is possible, but nīkau
358:
up to 1 m long. The fronds are up to 3 m long, and the closely set, sometimes overlapping leaflets are up to 1m long. The inflorescence is multibranched and from 20 to 40 cm long. The tightly packed flowers are unisexual and coloured lilac to pink. Male flowers are borne in pairs, and have six
391:
Nīkau make an excellent potted plant, and are quite hardy. They tend to be slow-growing. They grow readily from seed if the fruit is soaked in water for a few days and then gently scrubbed to remove the flesh. The seed will then germinate readily if placed in sealed plastic bags in partial shade,
399:
Nīkau thrive on cool temperatures, but are not commonly subject to freezing weather in their natural habitat. They can survive a few degrees of frost, but are damaged even more severely by sudden large drops in temperature even above freezing. Nīkau grow well in areas with a mild
Mediterranean
429:
form is particularly different, having a distinct juvenile form and larger fruits, and a thicker covering of fine hairs on the fronds. More research is needed into its precise relationship with the mainland form. The nīkau palm of the New
Zealand mainland is very similar to
424:
The nīkau palm shows considerable variation in the wild. Plants from the South Island and the offshore islands of the North Island have larger, more-gracefully-arching fronds and are popular in cultivation. The
459:
found many uses for nīkau. The bases of the inner leaves and the young flower clusters were eaten raw or cooked. Food was wrapped in the leaves for cooking, and the old fibrous leaves were used for
965:
392:
after which they can be planted in deep pots. The pots should be tall and narrow to provide room for the taproot and to lessen the likelihood of root damage when transplanting.
995:
836:
771:
980:
784:
990:
859:
444:, which can be distinguished by its more rounded or oval fruits, and by its leaflets which are broader than those found in most populations of
571:"Māori archaeological textiles: a structural analysis of Māori raranga 'woven' basketry from the Waitakere Ranges in Auckland Museum"
471:
for buildings. Nīkau were a versatile material to use in weaving, as the fibres could be used raw without any need for processing.
354:
Nīkau grow up to 15 m tall, with a stout, green trunk which bears grey-green leaf scars. The trunk is topped by a smooth, bulging
810:
575:
975:
371:
274:
85:
911:
706:
570:
898:
841:
985:
864:
698:
674:
903:
763:
970:
758:
636:
332:
222:
65:
711:
544:
202:
789:
685:
851:
732:
432:
50:
335:
to the south-east of New
Zealand, where it is the world's southernmost palm at 44° 18'S latitude.
937:
608:
600:
80:
872:
719:
592:
266:
245:
877:
616:
584:
437:
299:
218:
828:
426:
324:
123:
456:
890:
885:
441:
328:
110:
959:
823:
612:
460:
179:
136:
70:
320:
942:
724:
316:
312:
916:
797:
668:
311:
to mainland New
Zealand. Its natural range is coastal and lowland forest on the
249:
149:
659:
408:
355:
596:
745:
620:
468:
416:
343:
241:
169:
929:
588:
510:
488:
360:
924:
653:
308:
159:
604:
41:
776:
383:
282:
278:
270:
338:
802:
693:
366:
17:
630:
815:
750:
415:
407:
382:
337:
298:
97:
737:
634:
464:
412:
The
Chatham Islands nīkau is particularly distinctive
252:, and the only palm native to mainland New Zealand.
643:
489:"Protoform: NII-KAU [CE] Coconut frond"
342:Nīkau palm trunk on Point Elizabeth walkway,
8:
966:IUCN Red List conservation dependent species
286:
260:
631:
59:
40:
31:
327:(43°5′S) in the east. It also occurs on
281:refer to the fronds or the midrib of the
375:can be found on the fronds of the palm.
307:The nīkau palm is the only palm species
526:
524:
480:
7:
996:Taxa named by Carl Georg Oscar Drude
852:564f9c9c-aaba-417f-870d-b90b4fbe1ca0
273:of this word in the closely related
491:. Polynesian Lexicon Project Online
25:
545:"Species Fungorum - Names Record"
904:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:669611-1
84:
530:Esler, A. E. 'The Nikau Palm',
981:Trees of mild maritime climate
576:Records of the Auckland Museum
1:
991:Conservation dependent plants
532:New Zealand's Nature Heritage
517:. Benson Family Trust. 2023.
372:Pseudocercospora arecacearum
275:Eastern Polynesian languages
265:is a word borrowed from the
534:, Vol.2 Part 19 p.532, 1974
1012:
323:(43°20′S) in the west and
208:
201:
81:Scientific classification
79:
57:
48:
39:
34:
303:Nīkau grove, Paraparaumu
569:Mckendry, Lisa (2020).
549:www.speciesfungorum.org
387:Ripe fruit of the nīkau
589:10.32912/RAM.2020.55.2
421:
420:Outstanding nīkau palm
413:
388:
346:
333:Pitt Island/Rangiauria
304:
287:
261:
66:Conservation Dependent
419:
411:
386:
341:
302:
976:Trees of New Zealand
699:rhopalostylis-sapida
675:Rhopalostylis sapida
645:Rhopalostylis sapida
433:Rhopalostylis baueri
236:, commonly known as
233:Rhopalostylis sapida
212:Rhopalostylis sapida
363:, a native pigeon.
51:Conservation status
422:
414:
389:
347:
305:
953:
952:
873:Open Tree of Life
637:Taxon identifiers
467:, and waterproof
229:
228:
74:
16:(Redirected from
1003:
986:Ornamental trees
946:
945:
933:
932:
920:
919:
907:
906:
894:
893:
881:
880:
868:
867:
855:
854:
845:
844:
832:
831:
819:
818:
806:
805:
793:
792:
780:
779:
767:
766:
754:
753:
741:
740:
728:
727:
715:
714:
702:
701:
689:
688:
679:
678:
677:
664:
663:
662:
632:
625:
624:
566:
560:
559:
557:
555:
541:
535:
528:
519:
518:
507:
501:
500:
498:
496:
485:
319:as far south as
290:
277:of the tropical
264:
214:
89:
88:
68:
63:
62:
44:
32:
21:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1002:
1001:
1000:
956:
955:
954:
949:
941:
936:
928:
923:
915:
910:
902:
897:
889:
884:
876:
871:
863:
858:
850:
848:
840:
835:
827:
822:
814:
809:
801:
796:
788:
783:
775:
770:
762:
757:
749:
744:
736:
731:
723:
718:
710:
705:
697:
692:
684:
682:
673:
672:
667:
658:
657:
652:
639:
629:
628:
568:
567:
563:
553:
551:
543:
542:
538:
529:
522:
509:
508:
504:
494:
492:
487:
486:
482:
477:
454:
427:Chatham Islands
406:
381:
352:
325:Banks Peninsula
297:
258:
225:
216:
210:
197:
83:
75:
64:
60:
53:
28:
27:Species of palm
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1009:
1007:
999:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
958:
957:
951:
950:
948:
947:
943:wfo-0000296514
934:
921:
908:
895:
882:
869:
856:
846:
833:
820:
807:
794:
781:
768:
755:
742:
729:
716:
703:
690:
680:
665:
649:
647:
641:
640:
635:
627:
626:
561:
536:
520:
502:
479:
478:
476:
473:
453:
450:
442:Norfolk Island
405:
402:
380:
377:
351:
348:
329:Chatham Island
296:
293:
267:Māori language
257:
254:
227:
226:
217:
206:
205:
199:
198:
194:R. sapida
191:
189:
185:
184:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
147:
140:
139:
134:
127:
126:
121:
114:
113:
108:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
77:
76:
58:
55:
54:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1008:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
971:Rhopalostylis
969:
967:
964:
963:
961:
944:
939:
935:
931:
926:
922:
918:
913:
909:
905:
900:
896:
892:
887:
883:
879:
874:
870:
866:
861:
857:
853:
847:
843:
838:
834:
830:
825:
821:
817:
812:
808:
804:
799:
795:
791:
786:
782:
778:
773:
769:
765:
760:
756:
752:
747:
743:
739:
734:
730:
726:
721:
717:
713:
708:
704:
700:
695:
691:
687:
681:
676:
670:
666:
661:
655:
651:
650:
648:
646:
642:
638:
633:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
577:
572:
565:
562:
550:
546:
540:
537:
533:
527:
525:
521:
516:
512:
506:
503:
490:
484:
481:
474:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
451:
449:
447:
443:
439:
435:
434:
428:
418:
410:
403:
401:
397:
393:
385:
378:
376:
374:
373:
368:
364:
362:
357:
349:
345:
340:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
315:, and on the
314:
310:
301:
294:
292:
289:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
263:
255:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
234:
224:
220:
215:
213:
207:
204:
203:Binomial name
200:
196:
195:
190:
187:
186:
183:
182:
181:Rhopalostylis
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
122:
119:
116:
115:
112:
111:Tracheophytes
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
87:
82:
78:
72:
67:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
644:
580:
574:
564:
554:18 September
552:. Retrieved
548:
539:
531:
514:
505:
495:22 September
493:. Retrieved
483:
455:
445:
431:
423:
398:
394:
390:
370:
365:
353:
317:South Island
313:North Island
306:
295:Distribution
283:coconut palm
259:
237:
232:
231:
230:
211:
209:
193:
192:
180:
143:
130:
117:
104:
29:
798:iNaturalist
669:Wikispecies
515:Te Māra Reo
379:Cultivation
350:Description
250:New Zealand
150:Commelinids
124:Angiosperms
960:Categories
891:kew-178303
886:Plant List
621:Q106827316
465:floor mats
356:crownshaft
764:242414218
613:229659991
597:1174-9202
583:: 19–28.
446:R. sapida
438:Kermadecs
404:Variation
400:climate.
369:pathogen
344:Greymouth
256:Etymology
188:Species:
170:Arecaceae
94:Kingdom:
930:50184006
925:Tropicos
816:669611-1
686:13-65-3a
660:Q1990136
654:Wikidata
617:Wikidata
605:27008990
271:cognates
219:H.Wendl.
166:Family:
160:Arecales
137:Monocots
71:IUCN 2.3
777:2739133
738:1131683
511:"Nīkau"
436:of the
321:Ōkārito
309:endemic
279:Pacific
246:endemic
240:, is a
176:Genus:
156:Order:
98:Plantae
69: (
878:137005
849:NZOR:
842:154490
712:899308
694:ARKive
683:APSA:
619:
611:
603:
595:
469:thatch
367:Fungus
361:kererū
221:&
35:Nīkau
917:15831
860:NZPCN
829:38686
803:85274
790:31674
751:RPLSA
725:4SLXC
609:S2CID
601:JSTOR
475:Notes
457:Māori
262:Nīkau
244:tree
238:nīkau
223:Drude
144:Clade
131:Clade
118:Clade
105:Clade
18:Nīkau
899:POWO
865:1259
837:NCBI
824:IUCN
811:IPNI
785:GRIN
772:GBIF
746:EPPO
707:BOLD
593:ISSN
556:2023
497:2019
461:kete
452:Uses
440:and
331:and
242:palm
938:WFO
912:RHS
759:FNA
733:EoL
720:CoL
585:doi
291:).
288:niu
248:to
962::
940::
927::
914::
901::
888::
875::
862::
839::
826::
813::
800::
787::
774::
761::
748::
735::
722::
709::
696::
671::
656::
615:.
607:.
599:.
591:.
581:55
579:.
573:.
547:.
523:^
513:.
463:,
448:.
269:;
146::
133::
120::
107::
623:.
587::
558:.
499:.
285:(
73:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
