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414:. López moved to Cuba as an assistant to the new capitan general, but he lost his post when the governorship changed hands in 1843. After failing in a few business ventures, he became a partisan of the anti-Spanish faction in Cuba. In 1848, during a Spanish arrest of Cuban revolutionaries, López fled to the
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lieutenant), remained on the northern coast to protect supplies. As had occurred during his first attempt, the local support that López had counted upon did not answer his appeals. Outnumbered and surrounded by
Spanish forces, López and many men were captured. Crittenden's forces shared the same
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foothold to the United States and spurring its further expansion. Instead, the failure of López and other filibusters discouraged
Americans, especially in the South, from adopting expansionist strategies. Faced with the inability of slavery to move southward, many Southerners turned away from
552:. Although the indictments did not end in convictions, they forced Governor John Quitman to resign from his office and to face trial. Despite military and legal setbacks, López began planning another expedition, which met with the similar problems and even more disastrous consequences.
537:. Nevertheless, the local support that he had hoped for failed to materialize when the fighting started. Much of the local population joined the Spanish against López, and he hastily retreated to
398:. In 1825, he married the sister of the Count of Pozos Dulces in Cuba, María Dolores, with whom he had a son. Narciso López, who had earned the rank of colonel of the Spanish Army in
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origin; his father was Pedro Manuel López and his mother was Ana Paula de Oriola (sometimes spelled
Urriola). He had one sister, Maria Asunción López. As a young teenager, he was
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496:, by offering him $ 100,000 and "a very fine coffee plantation." Davis, to the great relief of his wife, turned him down but recommended one of his friends from the
450:, who had renounced filibustering as a valid means of US expansion, took steps against López and ordered his ships to be blockaded and seized. By September 9, the "
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Although López failed to recruit either rising star, he won the financial and political support of many influential
Southerners, including Governor
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525:, Laurence Sigur. López enlisted about 600 filibusters in his expedition and successfully reached Cuba in May 1850. His troops seized the town of
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and tried to gain popular support by recruiting influential men of the South to join his expedition. He solicited the military help of
Senator
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607:. Many who did not support the expedition found the Spanish treatment of military prisoners to be brutal. The strongest reaction occurred in
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Thomas, H. Cuba Or The
Pursuit Of Freedom. Da Capo Press, New York. 1998 edition (republished from the first edition, published in 1971)
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and other adventurers to his cause, and in 1849, his expedition was poised to embark: a troop of 600 volunteers had gathered on
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de la Cova, Antonio Rafael. "The Taylor
Administration Versus Mississippi Sovereignty: The Round Island Expedition of 1849."
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406:. After the war, López continued to serve the Spanish government in several administrative posts, including the Cortes for
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in 1855 to 1860. Had he been successful, López could have profoundly altered politics in the
Americas by giving a strong
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expedition from the United States to liberate Cuba. He made contact with influential
American politicians, including
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Undeterred by that setback, López decided to plan a new filibuster and to focus his recruiting effort on the
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571:). When he arrived, he took half of his expedition to march inland, and the other half, commanded by
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Lazo, Rodrigo. "Writing to Cuba: Filibustering and Cuban Exiles in the United States". Chapel Hill:
390:(1823), López, who had fought in this battle, left with them, as did many other survivors including
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fate. The
Spanish executed most of the prisoners and sent others to work in mining labor camps.
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In the aftermath of the expedition, López and many of his supporters were indicted by a federal
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rule in the 1850s. His troops carried a flag that López had designed, which later became the
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López, his aide-de-camp Ambrosio José Gonzales, and most of the filibuster leadership were
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himself, López realized the advantages for the South of an independent Cuba. He and some
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696:"'Sons of Washington': Narciso López, Filibustering, and U.S. Nationalism, 1848-1851."
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In August 1851, López once again departed for Cuba with several hundred men (mostly
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who relied extensively on the international fraternity to accomplish their plans.
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from the ranks of the defeated independence forces that had been abandoned by a
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Life of General Lopez, and History of the Late Attempted Revolution in Cuba
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hoped that Cuba would become a strong partner in slavery and perhaps, like
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Fatal Glory: Narciso López and the First Clandestine U.S. War Against Cuba
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Those executed included many Americans, such as Crittenden, and López in
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Cuban flag designed by Narciso López and Flag of Cuba (1959-present)
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The execution of López and his soldiers caused outrage in both the
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Manifest Destiny's Underworld: Filibustering in Antebellum America
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general who is best known for his expeditions aimed at liberating
375:(1821) against the forces for independence led by Simón Bolívar,
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Zachary Taylor: Soldier, Planter, Statesman of the Old Southwest
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394:, who would be grandfather of Cuban independence Major General
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When still a young man, he fought for the Spanish at the
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Expeditions aimed at liberating Cuba from Spanish rule
965:. New translation by Sibylle Fischer and Helen Lane.
795:"Filibusters and Freemasons: The Sworn Obligation."
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Venezuelan-born adventurer and Spanish Army general
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454:" had all been talked into leaving Round Island.
643:is adopted from López's expeditionary banner.
8:
382:When the Spanish army withdrew in defeat to
944:Lopez's Expeditions to Cuba, 1850 and 1851
802:, Vol. 17, No. 1, Spring 1997, pp. 95-120.
109:
98:
1036:People executed by ligature strangulation
703:, Vol. 15, No. 1, 1995, pp. 79–108.
87:Learn how and when to remove this message
933:The Southern Dream of a Caribbean Empire
812:Minutes, Solomon's Lodge No. 1, Savannah
658:History of the United States (1849–1865)
349:in 1814 by the ruthless Spanish General
50:This article includes a list of general
894:The Lopez Expeditions to Cuba 1848–1851
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691:New York: Dewitt & Davenport, 1851.
492:, who had distinguished himself in the
434:, an expansionist who coined the term "
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1031:19th-century Cuban military personnel
533:had designed, which later became the
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426:Once arrived López began planning a
615:throughout the 1850s, most notably
438:." López recruited Cuban exiles in
30:For the Mexican soccer player, see
926:University of North Carolina Press
907:University of North Carolina Press
392:Calixto García de Luna e Izquierdo
341:, to a wealthy merchant family of
313:Life in Venezuela, Cuba, and Spain
56:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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1016:Viceroyalty of New Granada people
529:, carrying a flag that López and
628:expansion and talked instead of
230:Battle of Las Queseras del Medio
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951:Cecilia Valdes or El Angel Hill
484:. He moved his headquarters to
1011:19th-century Venezuelan people
781:Journal of Mississippi History
225:Venezuelan War of Independence
1:
799:Journal of the Early Republic
745:Bauer, K. Jack (1993-08-01).
700:Journal of the Early Republic
1026:Cuban independence activists
861:. LSU Press. pp. 222–.
793:de la Cova, Antonio Rafael.
668:Cuba–United States relations
410:and as military governor in
369:Battle of Queseras del Medio
937:University Press of Florida
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900:Princeton University Press
751:. LSU Press. p. 279.
595:Aftermath and significance
573:Colonel William Crittenden
402:at only 31, fought in the
333:Narciso López was born in
32:Narciso López (footballer)
29:
976:Cuban Filibuster Movement
942:Quisenberry, Anderson G.
444:Round Island, Mississippi
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835:Encyclopaedia Britannica
673:Cuba–Venezuela relations
519:; and the editor of the
388:Battle of Lake Maracaibo
329:Flag of Cuba (1902–1959)
263:Narciso López de Urriola
240:Battle of Lake Maracaibo
121:Narciso López de Urriola
955:Oxford University Press
71:more precise citations.
1001:Filibusters (military)
605:Southern United States
543:Neutrality Act of 1794
480:, join the Union as a
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855:Chaffin, Tom (2003).
494:Battle of Buena Vista
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269:– September 1, 1851,
1041:Proslavery activists
949:Villaverde, Cirilo.
891:Caldwell, Robert G.
663:Bay of Pigs Invasion
498:Mexican–American War
468:. As a supporter of
301:he was captured and
299:final failed attempt
1006:People from Caracas
632:, which led to the
531:Miguel Teurbe Tolón
386:after the decisive
265:(November 2, 1797,
634:American Civil War
432:John L. O'Sullivan
347:forcibly recruited
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323:
235:Battle of Carabobo
868:978-0-8071-2919-7
758:978-0-8071-1851-1
522:New Orleans Delta
515:; former Senator
404:First Carlist War
377:José Antonio Páez
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247:First Carlist War
145:September 1, 1851
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351:José Tomás Boves
297:. Following his
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283:Spanish Army
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218:Battles/wars
196:Spanish Army
147:(1851-09-01)
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77:October 2010
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996:1851 deaths
991:1797 births
898:Princeton:
840:10 December
609:New Orleans
513:Mississippi
486:New Orleans
482:slave state
474:Southerners
371:(1819) and
184:Filibusters
69:introducing
985:Categories
874:16 January
830:Britannica
764:16 January
724:References
575:(a former
561:Hungarians
550:grand jury
459:Freemasons
452:roughnecks
422:Filibuster
279:adventurer
275:Venezuelan
162:Allegiance
118:Birth name
52:references
814:(1850–51)
630:secession
625:Caribbean
621:Nicaragua
567:and some
557:Americans
400:Venezuela
339:Venezuela
136:Venezuela
957:, 2005.
909:, 2005.
647:See also
603:and the
601:Northern
539:Key West
527:Cárdenas
500:, Major
373:Carabobo
362:Valencia
303:garroted
273:) was a
190:Service/
939:, 2002.
928:, 2002.
902:, 1915.
717:3124384
577:US Army
565:Germans
470:slavery
408:Seville
355:fleeing
335:Caracas
291:Spanish
267:Caracas
205:General
132:Caracas
65:improve
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589:Havana
569:Cubans
412:Madrid
343:Basque
307:Havana
277:-born
271:Havana
192:branch
152:Havana
54:, but
713:JSTOR
478:Texas
289:from
173:Spain
959:ISBN
911:ISBN
876:2013
863:ISBN
842:2020
766:2013
753:ISBN
639:The
384:Cuba
287:Cuba
281:and
202:Rank
156:Cuba
142:Died
126:Born
705:doi
587:of
511:of
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