Knowledge (XXG)

National research and education network

Source đź“ť

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National Research Council (U.S.). National Research Network Review Committee, Leonard Kleinrock; et al. (1988).
43: 1051: 812: 452: 47: 1969: 1773:"MRnet Manitoba Research Network - Enhancing Education and Research Through Advanced High Speed Optical Networks" 905: 113: 2238: 2076: 2005: 1688: 1329: 987: 658: 1942: 2380: 1857: 840: 2126: 826: 644: 32: 1608: 36: 355: 2456: 2339: 2161: 979: 1819: 1161: 558: 1563: 1245: 60: 1395: 1593: 202: 1965: 1720: 1180: 1167: 899: 488: 160: 71: 1599: 1569: 506: 319: 196: 184: 2100: 1999: 1669: 1512: 1389: 1239: 1146: 955: 933: 770: 748: 380: 276: 258: 233: 224: 128: 1995: 1663: 1651: 1587: 1335: 1198: 1140: 1122: 1060: 927: 531:
United States – although advocated since the 1980s, the U.S. does not have one single NREN.
440: 386: 337: 331: 264: 252: 154: 2476: 2359: 2176: 2171: 2151: 1192: 1155: 214: 190: 1847: 1071:- CooperaciĂłn Latino Americana de Redes Avanzadas (Association of Latin American NRENs) 734: 2501: 2086: 1852: 975: 846: 700: 1793: 2120: 2039: 1035: 804: 790: 2070: 1979: 919: 636: 608: 2060: 622: 584: 1937: 860: 548: 121: 2435: 2425: 2313: 2303: 2096: 2090: 2080: 2009: 1975: 1929: 1675: 1639: 1508: 1431: 1371: 1257: 1225: 1221: 1068: 993: 913: 776: 742: 706: 664: 482: 117: 2451: 2430: 2334: 2206: 2186: 2181: 2156: 2019: 1989: 1913: 1657: 1542: 1461: 1419: 1413: 1383: 1365: 1323: 1311: 1007: 961: 947: 889: 650: 166: 307: 131:, often offering dedicated channels for individual research projects. 2318: 2308: 2293: 2288: 2201: 2116: 2106: 2029: 1985: 1633: 1437: 1377: 1353: 1299: 1293: 1281: 1263: 1233: 1215: 1186: 1116: 1021: 941: 784: 756: 720: 678: 494: 470: 416: 410: 398: 392: 374: 218: 134:
In recent years NRENs have developed many 'above the net' services.
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Research and education computer networks in the Asia Pacific
1694:
Libraries and the US National Research and Education Network
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and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
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Research and education computer networks in Central Asia
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Research and education computer networks in the Americas
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UbuntuNet Alliance for Research and Education Networking
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It is usually distinguished by support for a high-speed
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backbone network on behalf of European NRENs. Formerly
518: 246: 1092: 464: 343: 578: 2444: 2416: 2327: 2274: 2144: 2049: 1958: 1951: 1893: 151:- the Alliance of NRENs of East and Southern Africa 428: 1557: 1741:"LEARN: Lonestar Education and Research Network" 1794:"New High-speed Fibre Optic Data Link to ALMA" 2396: 2254: 1873: 8: 249:- Arab States Research and Education Network 35:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to 50:and maintains a consistent citation style. 2403: 2389: 2381: 2261: 2247: 2239: 1955: 1880: 1866: 1858: 1636:- Russian University Network, Russian NREN 350:Eko-Konnect Research and Education Network 116:dedicated to supporting the needs of the 92:Learn how and when to remove this message 2528:National research and education networks 877: 536: 358:- Liberia Research and Education Network 2508:Academic computer network organizations 2489:National research and education network 2372:National research and education network 2228:National research and education network 1705: 1488:- United Kingdom NREN, operator of the 1129:Universidad TecnolĂłgica Centroamericana 106:national research and education network 2523:Research and development organizations 1566:- Mediterranean/North African Backbone 1212:European Academic and Research Network 401:- China Education and Research Network 395:- China Science and Technology Network 1853:Research and Education Networking FAQ 1416:- Netherlands NREN (formerly SURFnet) 7: 1055:High-speed Fibre Optic Data Link to 521:- Trans Eurasia Information Network 42:Please consider converting them to 1716:Toward a National Research Network 14: 1201:- NREN of the Dominican Republic 138:List of NRENs by geographic area 20: 1800:. European Southern Observatory 467:- Islamic Republic of Iran NREN 371:- Asia-Pacific Advanced Network 2513:Higher education organizations 1248:- South Mediterranean Backbone 124:communities within a country. 46:to ensure the article remains 1: 1224:- Develops and maintains the 1822:. 2012-04-03. Archived from 2544: 1743:. Tx-learn.org. 2022-09-30 1189:- Trinidad and Tobago NREN 2485: 2368: 2220: 906:Newfoundland and Labrador 114:internet service provider 1689:Information superhighway 1330:Deutsches Forschungsnetz 1152:Arandu - Paraguayan NREN 1131:(UNITEC) - Honduran NREN 659:Illinois Century Network 143:East and Southern Africa 1218:after merging with RARE 290:West and Central Africa 1719:. National Academies. 1170:CNTI?- Venezuelan NREN 1064: 1611:Palestinian Authority 1054: 2518:Internet terminology 1761:https://www.the.net/ 1422:(PSNC) - Polish NREN 1119:- El Salvadoran NREN 980:Prince Edward Island 334:- CĂ´te d'Ivoire NREN 230:Xnet - Namibian NREN 221:- South African NREN 1672:- Turkmenistan NREN 1332:(DFN) - German NREN 559:National LambdaRail 112:) is a specialised 1609:Birzeit Uni/AlQuds 1107:- Costa Rican NREN 1077:- Argentinian NREN 1065: 491:- Singaporean NREN 473:- New Zealand NREN 389:- Bangladeshi NREN 383:- Afghanistan NREN 2495: 2494: 2378: 2377: 2236: 2235: 2140: 2139: 1848:Terena Compendium 1678:- Uzbekistan NREN 1660:- Kazakhstan NREN 1560:Saudi Arabia NREN 1515:backbone network 1428:- Portuguese NREN 1410:- Montenegro NREN 1392:- Macedonian NREN 1386:- Luxembourg NREN 1380:- Lithuanian NREN 1368:- Kazakhstan NREN 1348:KIFU/NIIF Program 1214:- Predecessor of 1149:- Panamanian NREN 1143:- Nicaraguan NREN 1125:- Guatemalan NREN 1113:- Ecuadorian NREN 1042: 1041: 867: 866: 509:- Vietnamese NREN 485:- Philippine NREN 437:- Sri Lankan NREN 431:- Indonesian NREN 377:- Australian NREN 340:- Senegalese NREN 187:- Mozambican NREN 102: 101: 94: 52:Several templates 2535: 2405: 2398: 2391: 2382: 2263: 2256: 2249: 2240: 1956: 1882: 1875: 1868: 1859: 1835: 1834: 1832: 1831: 1816: 1810: 1809: 1807: 1805: 1790: 1784: 1783: 1781: 1780: 1769: 1763: 1758: 1752: 1751: 1749: 1748: 1737: 1731: 1730: 1710: 1666:- Kyrgyzian NREN 1602:Palestinian NREN 1545:- Norwegian NREN 1533:- Icelandic NREN 1503:Nordic countries 1482:- Ukrainian NREN 1458:- Slovakian NREN 1452:- Slovenian NREN 1404:- Moldovian NREN 1350:- Hungarian NREN 1290:- Bulgarian NREN 1183:- Caribbean NREN 1164:- Uruguayan NREN 1101:- Colombian NREN 1089:- Brazilian NREN 934:British Columbia 878: 537: 497:- Taiwanese NREN 479:- Pakistani NREN 449:- Malaysian NREN 413:- Hong Kong NREN 227:- Tanzanian NREN 163:- Ethiopian NREN 129:backbone network 97: 90: 86: 83: 77: 75: 64: 24: 23: 16: 2543: 2542: 2538: 2537: 2536: 2534: 2533: 2532: 2498: 2497: 2496: 2491: 2481: 2440: 2412: 2409: 2379: 2374: 2364: 2323: 2270: 2267: 2237: 2232: 2216: 2177:Gigabit Seattle 2172:Gigabit Chicago 2136: 2045: 1947: 1889: 1886: 1844: 1839: 1838: 1829: 1827: 1818: 1817: 1813: 1803: 1801: 1792: 1791: 1787: 1778: 1776: 1771: 1770: 1766: 1759: 1755: 1746: 1744: 1739: 1738: 1734: 1727: 1712: 1711: 1707: 1702: 1685: 1654:- Georgian NREN 1648:Azerbaijan NREN 1630: 1554: 1505: 1434:- Romanian NREN 1338:- Georgian NREN 1320:- Estonian NREN 1302:- Croatian NREN 1272:Azerbaijan NREN 1266:- Austrian NREN 1260:- Armenian NREN 1208: 1177: 1158:- Peruvian NREN 1083:- Bolivian NREN 1049: 528: 515:- Cambodia NREN 443:- Japanese NREN 365: 352:- Nigerian NREN 346:- Nigerian NREN 328:- Nigerien NREN 316:- Ghanaian NREN 310:- Togolese NREN 304:- Ghanaian NREN 292: 279:- Sudanese NREN 273:- Algerian NREN 267:- Egyptian NREN 261:- Moroccan NREN 255:- Tunisian NREN 243: 211:- Sudanese NREN 181:- Malawian NREN 169:- Malagasy NREN 145: 140: 98: 87: 81: 78: 66: 55: 41: 25: 21: 12: 11: 5: 2541: 2539: 2531: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2510: 2500: 2499: 2493: 2492: 2486: 2483: 2482: 2480: 2479: 2474: 2469: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2448: 2446: 2442: 2441: 2439: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2422: 2420: 2414: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2407: 2400: 2393: 2385: 2376: 2375: 2369: 2366: 2365: 2363: 2362: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2342: 2337: 2331: 2329: 2325: 2324: 2322: 2321: 2316: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2291: 2286: 2280: 2278: 2272: 2271: 2268: 2266: 2265: 2258: 2251: 2243: 2234: 2233: 2231: 2230: 2225: 2221: 2218: 2217: 2215: 2214: 2209: 2204: 2199: 2194: 2189: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2164: 2159: 2154: 2148: 2146: 2142: 2141: 2138: 2137: 2135: 2134: 2124: 2114: 2104: 2094: 2084: 2074: 2064: 2053: 2051: 2047: 2046: 2044: 2043: 2033: 2023: 2013: 2003: 1993: 1983: 1973: 1962: 1960: 1953: 1949: 1948: 1946: 1945: 1940: 1932: 1927:Latin America: 1924: 1916: 1908: 1899: 1897: 1891: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1884: 1877: 1870: 1862: 1856: 1855: 1850: 1843: 1842:External links 1840: 1837: 1836: 1811: 1785: 1764: 1753: 1732: 1725: 1704: 1703: 1701: 1698: 1697: 1696: 1691: 1684: 1681: 1680: 1679: 1673: 1667: 1661: 1655: 1649: 1643: 1637: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1624: 1618: 1612: 1606: 1603: 1597: 1591: 1590:Jordanian NREN 1585: 1584:- Israeli NREN 1579: 1573: 1567: 1561: 1553: 1550: 1549: 1548: 1547: 1546: 1540: 1539:- Swedish NREN 1534: 1528: 1527:- Finnish NREN 1522: 1504: 1501: 1500: 1499: 1493: 1483: 1477: 1476:- Turkish NREN 1471: 1465: 1464:- Spanish NREN 1459: 1453: 1447: 1446:- Serbian NREN 1441: 1440:- Russian NREN 1435: 1429: 1423: 1417: 1411: 1405: 1399: 1398:- Maltese NREN 1393: 1387: 1381: 1375: 1374:- Latvian NREN 1369: 1363: 1362:- Italian NREN 1357: 1351: 1345: 1339: 1333: 1327: 1321: 1315: 1309: 1308:- Cypriot NREN 1303: 1297: 1291: 1285: 1284:- Belgian NREN 1279: 1278:- Belarus NREN 1273: 1267: 1261: 1255: 1249: 1243: 1237: 1219: 1207: 1204: 1203: 1202: 1196: 1195:- Jamaica NREN 1190: 1184: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1171: 1165: 1159: 1153: 1150: 1144: 1138: 1137:- Mexican NREN 1132: 1126: 1120: 1114: 1108: 1102: 1096: 1095:- Chilean NREN 1090: 1084: 1078: 1072: 1048: 1045: 1044: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1032: 1026: 1025: 1018: 1012: 1011: 1004: 998: 997: 990: 984: 983: 972: 966: 965: 958: 952: 951: 944: 938: 937: 930: 924: 923: 916: 910: 909: 902: 896: 895: 892: 886: 885: 882: 874: 873: 869: 868: 865: 864: 857: 851: 850: 843: 837: 836: 829: 823: 822: 815: 809: 808: 801: 795: 794: 787: 781: 780: 773: 767: 766: 759: 753: 752: 745: 739: 738: 735:North Carolina 731: 725: 724: 717: 711: 710: 703: 697: 696: 689: 683: 682: 675: 669: 668: 661: 655: 654: 647: 641: 640: 633: 627: 626: 619: 613: 612: 605: 599: 598: 595: 589: 588: 581: 575: 574: 571: 565: 564: 561: 555: 554: 551: 545: 544: 541: 533: 532: 527: 524: 523: 522: 516: 510: 504: 498: 492: 486: 480: 474: 468: 462: 456: 450: 444: 438: 432: 426: 420: 414: 408: 402: 396: 390: 384: 378: 372: 364: 361: 360: 359: 353: 347: 341: 335: 329: 323: 317: 311: 305: 299: 291: 288: 287: 286: 280: 274: 268: 262: 256: 250: 242: 239: 238: 237: 236:- Zambian NREN 231: 228: 222: 212: 206: 200: 194: 193:- Ugandan NREN 188: 182: 176: 170: 164: 158: 152: 144: 141: 139: 136: 100: 99: 44:full citations 28: 26: 19: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2540: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2519: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2505: 2503: 2490: 2484: 2478: 2475: 2473: 2470: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2453: 2450: 2449: 2447: 2443: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2415: 2406: 2401: 2399: 2394: 2392: 2387: 2386: 2383: 2373: 2367: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2332: 2330: 2326: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2307: 2305: 2302: 2300: 2297: 2295: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2281: 2279: 2277: 2273: 2264: 2259: 2257: 2252: 2250: 2245: 2244: 2241: 2229: 2226: 2223: 2222: 2219: 2213: 2210: 2208: 2205: 2203: 2200: 2198: 2195: 2193: 2190: 2188: 2185: 2183: 2180: 2178: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2149: 2147: 2143: 2132: 2128: 2125: 2122: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2088: 2087:Merit Network 2085: 2082: 2078: 2075: 2072: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2058: 2055: 2054: 2052: 2050:United States 2048: 2041: 2037: 2034: 2031: 2027: 2024: 2021: 2017: 2014: 2011: 2007: 2004: 2001: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1987: 1984: 1981: 1977: 1974: 1971: 1967: 1964: 1963: 1961: 1957: 1954: 1950: 1944: 1941: 1939: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1925: 1923: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1909: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1892: 1883: 1878: 1876: 1871: 1869: 1864: 1863: 1860: 1854: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1845: 1841: 1826:on 2012-04-03 1825: 1821: 1815: 1812: 1799: 1795: 1789: 1786: 1775:. Mrnet.mb.ca 1774: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1757: 1754: 1742: 1736: 1733: 1728: 1726:9780309581257 1722: 1718: 1717: 1709: 1706: 1699: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1686: 1682: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1668: 1665: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1631: 1627: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1555: 1551: 1544: 1541: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1526: 1523: 1521:- Danish NREN 1520: 1517: 1516: 1514: 1510: 1507: 1506: 1502: 1498:- Kosovo NREN 1497: 1494: 1491: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1478: 1475: 1472: 1469: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1436: 1433: 1430: 1427: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1412: 1409: 1406: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1370: 1367: 1364: 1361: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1349: 1346: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1326:- French NREN 1325: 1322: 1319: 1316: 1313: 1310: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1274: 1271: 1268: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1254:Albanian NREN 1253: 1250: 1247: 1244: 1241: 1238: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1213: 1210: 1209: 1205: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1178: 1174: 1169: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1053: 1047:Latin America 1046: 1037: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1003: 1000: 999: 995: 991: 989: 986: 985: 981: 977: 976:New Brunswick 973: 971: 968: 967: 963: 959: 957: 954: 953: 949: 945: 943: 940: 939: 935: 931: 929: 926: 925: 921: 917: 915: 912: 911: 907: 903: 901: 898: 897: 893: 891: 888: 887: 883: 880: 879: 876: 875: 871: 870: 862: 858: 856: 853: 852: 848: 847:West Virginia 844: 842: 839: 838: 834: 830: 828: 825: 824: 820: 816: 814: 811: 810: 806: 802: 800: 797: 796: 792: 788: 786: 783: 782: 778: 774: 772: 769: 768: 764: 760: 758: 755: 754: 750: 746: 744: 741: 740: 736: 732: 730: 727: 726: 722: 718: 716: 713: 712: 708: 704: 702: 701:Merit Network 699: 698: 694: 690: 688: 685: 684: 680: 676: 674: 671: 670: 666: 662: 660: 657: 656: 652: 648: 646: 643: 642: 638: 634: 632: 629: 628: 624: 620: 618: 615: 614: 610: 606: 604: 601: 600: 596: 594: 591: 590: 586: 582: 580: 577: 576: 572: 570: 567: 566: 562: 560: 557: 556: 552: 550: 547: 546: 542: 539: 538: 535: 534: 530: 529: 526:North America 525: 520: 517: 514: 511: 508: 505: 502: 499: 496: 493: 490: 487: 484: 481: 478: 475: 472: 469: 466: 463: 460: 457: 455:- Indian NREN 454: 451: 448: 445: 442: 439: 436: 433: 430: 427: 425:- Korean NREN 424: 421: 419:- Korean NREN 418: 415: 412: 409: 407:- Indian NREN 406: 403: 400: 397: 394: 391: 388: 385: 382: 379: 376: 373: 370: 367: 366: 362: 357: 354: 351: 348: 345: 342: 339: 336: 333: 330: 327: 324: 321: 318: 315: 312: 309: 306: 303: 300: 297: 294: 293: 289: 285:- Somali NREN 284: 281: 278: 275: 272: 271:ARN (Algeria) 269: 266: 263: 260: 257: 254: 251: 248: 245: 244: 240: 235: 232: 229: 226: 223: 220: 216: 213: 210: 207: 205:- Somali NREN 204: 201: 199:- Rwanda NREN 198: 195: 192: 189: 186: 183: 180: 177: 175:- Kenyan NREN 174: 171: 168: 165: 162: 159: 156: 153: 150: 147: 146: 142: 137: 135: 132: 130: 125: 123: 119: 115: 111: 107: 96: 93: 85: 73: 72:documentation 69: 62: 61:documentation 58: 53: 49: 45: 40: 38: 34: 29:This article 27: 18: 17: 2488: 2417: 2371: 2275: 2227: 1934: 1926: 1918: 1910: 1902: 1894: 1828:. 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Retrieved 1735: 1715: 1708: 1646:AzScienceNet 1628:Central Asia 1617:- Qatar NREN 1596:Iranian NREN 1564:Eumedconnect 1470:- Swiss NREN 1356:- Irish NREN 1344:- Greek NREN 1314:- Dutch NREN 1296:- Czech NREN 1270:AzScienceNet 1246:Eumedconnect 1036:Saskatchewan 1034:provincial ( 1020:provincial ( 1006:provincial ( 992:provincial ( 974:provincial ( 960:provincial ( 946:provincial ( 932:provincial ( 918:provincial ( 904:provincial ( 805:Pennsylvania 791:Rhode Island 461:- Nepal NREN 363:Asia Pacific 241:North Africa 133: 126: 109: 105: 103: 88: 79: 68:Citation bot 30: 1952:Subnational 1798:www.eso.org 1623:Syrian NREN 1552:Middle East 920:Nova Scotia 637:Connecticut 609:New England 503:- Thai NREN 322:- Mali NREN 82:August 2022 2502:Categories 2487:See also: 2445:Historical 2370:See also: 2328:Historical 2145:Historical 1830:2022-11-28 1804:20 January 1779:2022-11-28 1747:2022-11-28 1700:References 1642:- Armenian 1578:Omani NREN 1396:RiÄ‹erkaNet 1075:Innova-Red 649:regional ( 623:California 607:regional ( 585:New Jersey 573:national 563:national 157:- DRC NREN 48:verifiable 1938:Internet2 1594:IRAN SHOA 1175:Caribbean 1105:RedCONARE 894:national 861:Wisconsin 597:national 553:national 549:Internet2 326:Niger-REN 283:SomaliREN 203:SomaliREN 122:education 33:bare URLs 2436:UZSCINET 2426:ASNET-AM 2418:National 2314:PREGINET 2304:INHERENT 2276:National 2224:See also 2097:NYSERNet 1976:ACORN-NS 1966:ACORN-NL 1930:RedCLARA 1895:National 1683:See also 1676:UZSCINET 1640:ASNET-AM 1572:UAE NREN 1509:NORDUnet 1432:RoEduNet 1372:SigmaNet 1258:ASNET-AM 1181:C@ribNET 1168:REACCIUN 1069:RedCLARA 994:Manitoba 914:ACORN-NS 900:ACORN-NL 777:Oklahoma 749:New York 743:NYSERNet 707:Michigan 665:Illinois 489:SingAREN 483:PREGINET 161:EthERNet 118:research 37:link rot 2477:Abilene 2452:ARPANET 2431:KazRENA 2360:Abilene 2335:ARPANET 2207:SURAnet 2187:NIPRNet 2182:NEARnet 2157:ARPANET 2152:Abilene 1919:Mexico: 1914:CANARIE 1911:Canada: 1903:Brazil: 1658:KazRENA 1605:Lebanon 1600:PALNREN 1570:ANKABUT 1543:UNINETT 1492:network 1474:ULAKBIM 1462:RedIRIS 1420:PIONIER 1384:RESTENA 1366:KazRENA 1324:RENATER 1008:Ontario 962:Ontario 948:Alberta 890:CANARIE 859:state ( 855:WiscNet 845:state ( 831:state ( 817:state ( 803:state ( 799:PennREN 789:state ( 775:state ( 761:state ( 747:state ( 733:state ( 719:state ( 705:state ( 691:state ( 677:state ( 663:state ( 651:Midwest 635:state ( 621:state ( 583:state ( 507:VinaRen 423:KREONET 320:MaliREN 308:TogoRER 197:RwEdNet 185:MoRENet 167:iRENALA 2467:NSFNET 2350:NSFNET 2319:TWAREN 2309:REANNZ 2294:CERNET 2289:AARNet 2202:SATNET 2192:NSFNET 2117:OSHEAN 2107:OARnet 2057:CalREN 1986:Cybera 1959:Canada 1723:  1670:TuRENA 1634:RUNNet 1513:Nordic 1468:SWITCH 1438:RUNNet 1390:MARNET 1378:LITNET 1354:HEAnet 1300:CARNET 1294:CESNET 1282:Belnet 1276:BASNET 1264:ACOnet 1240:CEENet 1234:TERENA 1216:TERENA 1206:Europe 1187:TTRENT 1147:RedCyT 1117:RAICES 1099:RENATA 1022:Quebec 956:GTAnet 942:Cybera 872:Canada 813:THEnet 785:OSHEAN 771:OneNet 757:OARnet 721:Oregon 679:Kansas 673:KanREN 513:CamREN 501:UniNet 495:TWAREN 471:REANNZ 411:HARNET 399:CERNET 393:CSTNET 381:AfgREN 375:AARNet 302:GARNET 296:WACREN 277:SudREN 259:MARWAN 234:ZAMREN 225:TERNET 219:SANReN 209:SudREN 57:reFill 2462:CSNET 2345:CSNET 2299:ERNET 2197:PRNET 2167:CSNET 2036:SRNet 2016:ORION 2006:MRNet 1996:BCNET 1943:ESnet 1664:KRENA 1652:GRENA 1621:HIAST 1615:QNREN 1588:JUnet 1576:OMREN 1558:Maeen 1537:SUNET 1531:RHnet 1525:FUNET 1490:Janet 1456:SANET 1450:ARNES 1444:AMRES 1402:RENAM 1342:GRNET 1336:GRENA 1318:EENet 1306:CYNET 1230:DANTE 1226:GÉANT 1222:GÉANT 1199:RADEI 1141:RENIA 1123:RAGIE 1111:CEDIA 1093:REUNA 1081:ADSIB 1061:REUNA 1030:SRNet 1002:ORION 988:MRnet 928:BCNET 884:Type 841:WVNET 819:Texas 729:NCREN 693:Texas 687:LEARN 645:NEREN 617:CENIC 603:NEREN 593:ESnet 543:Type 447:MYREN 441:SINET 435:LEARN 429:IDREN 417:KOREN 405:ERNET 387:BDREN 356:LRREN 344:NgREN 338:SnRER 332:RITER 314:GhREN 265:ENREN 253:TUREN 247:ASREN 215:TENET 179:MAREN 173:KENET 155:Eb@le 31:uses 2472:vBNS 2355:vBNS 2284:APAN 2212:vBNS 2026:RISQ 1935:USA: 1922:CUDI 1806:2015 1721:ISBN 1582:IUCC 1519:DeiC 1496:KREN 1486:Jisc 1480:URAN 1426:FCCN 1414:SURF 1408:MREN 1360:GARR 1312:SURF 1288:BREN 1232:and 1193:JREN 1156:RAAP 1135:CUDI 1059:and 1057:ALMA 1016:RISQ 978:and 881:Name 833:Utah 763:Ohio 715:NERO 579:Edge 569:vBNS 540:Name 519:TEIN 477:PERN 465:NREN 459:NREN 369:APAN 191:RENU 120:and 110:NREN 65:and 2457:DDN 2340:DDN 2162:DDN 2127:UEN 2077:ICN 2067:CEN 1906:RNP 1252:ANA 1162:RAU 1087:RNP 996:) 970:ECN 827:UEN 821:) 695:) 653:|- 631:CEN 453:NKN 2504:: 2131:UT 2121:RI 2111:OH 2101:NY 2091:MI 2081:IL 2071:CT 2061:CA 2040:SK 2030:QC 2020:ON 2010:MB 2000:BC 1990:AB 1980:NS 1970:NL 1796:. 1511:- 1038:) 1024:) 1010:) 982:) 964:) 950:) 936:) 922:) 908:) 863:) 849:) 835:) 807:) 793:) 779:) 765:) 751:) 737:) 723:) 709:) 681:) 667:) 639:) 625:) 611:) 587:) 104:A 2404:e 2397:t 2390:v 2262:e 2255:t 2248:v 2133:) 2129:( 2123:) 2119:( 2113:) 2109:( 2103:) 2099:( 2093:) 2089:( 2083:) 2079:( 2073:) 2069:( 2063:) 2059:( 2042:) 2038:( 2032:) 2028:( 2022:) 2018:( 2012:) 2008:( 2002:) 1998:( 1992:) 1988:( 1982:) 1978:( 1972:) 1968:( 1881:e 1874:t 1867:v 1833:. 1808:. 1782:. 1750:. 1729:. 1236:. 1063:. 217:/ 108:( 95:) 89:( 84:) 80:( 76:. 74:) 70:( 63:) 59:( 39:.

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