33:
2046:
69:
1900:
2031:
2176:
5416:
1429:
1880:
1441:
1808:
1953:
2104:), under something called the 'Health-Related Total Observation of Life'. This file was to contain reports from doctors, but also courts, insurance companies, sports clubs, the Hitler Youth, the military, the labor service, colleges, etc. Any institution that gave information would get information back in return. In 1940, the
1798:
in
Germany (scheduled on the anniversary of Hitler's 1934 purge of Jews from the Heidelberg faculty), to receive an honorary doctorate for his work on the "science of racial cleansing". Due to financial limitations, Laughlin was unable to attend the ceremony and had to pick it up from the Rockefeller
1742:
wrote that after the eugenics movement was well established in the United States, it was spread to
Germany. California eugenicists began producing literature promoting eugenics and sterilization and sending it overseas to German scientists and medical professionals. By 1933, California had subjected
1870:
Sparta must be regarded as the first Völkisch State. The exposure of the sick, weak, deformed children, in short, their destruction, was more decent and in truth a thousand times more humane than the wretched insanity of our day which preserves the most pathological subject, and indeed at any price,
2670:
Although the German eugenics movement, led until the Weimar years by Alfred Ploetz and
Wilhelm Schallmayer, did not differ radically from the American movement, it was more centralized. Unlike in the United States, where federalism and political heterogeneity encouraged diversity even with a single
2159:
to the public. In
September of the same year, the Berlin Council of Physicians warned its members that "proceedings will be taken against every evil-doer who dares to injure our sacred healthy race." Abortion procedures were placed under strict political control. Abortions for eugenic reasons were
1677:
An attempt to relieve the overcrowding of psychiatric hospitals, in fact, played a significant role in
Germany's decision to institute compulsory sterilization and, later, the killing of psychiatric patients. Hitler's letter authorizing the program to kill mental patients was dated September 1,
1781:
You will be interested to know that your work has played a powerful part in shaping the opinions of the group of intellectuals who are behind Hitler in this epoch-making program. Everywhere I sensed that their opinions have been tremendously stimulated by
American thought... I want you, my dear
2160:
also prohibited during this period, but in some hereditary health courts such abortions were exempt from punishment. (This consideration extended to the exemption of punishment for a Jewish couple who attempted to procure an abortion in 1938, on the basis that the law did not protect Jewish
2986:
Among the
Spartans all newly born children were subject to a careful examination or selection. All those that were weak, sickly, or affected with any bodily infirmity, were killed. Only the perfectly healthy and strong children were allowed to live, and they alone afterwards propagated the
1840:
in 1944, were discussed by
European scientists and also in the Vienna press during the 1920s. Where Hitler picked up the ideas is uncertain. The theory of evolution had been generally accepted in Germany at the time, but this sort of extremism was rare.
1731:
wrote that although the German and
American eugenics movements were similar, the German movement was more centralized and did not contain as many diverse ideas as the American movement. Unlike the American movement, one publication and one society, the
2077:
Information to determine who was considered 'genetically sick' was gathered from routine information supplied by people to doctor's offices and welfare departments. Standardized questionnaires had been designed by Nazi officials with the help of
5274:
1316:
1930:" "suffered" from a list of alleged genetic disorders and required physicians to register every case of hereditary illness known to them, except in women over 45 years of age. Physicians could be fined for failing to comply.
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were cautioned to carefully interview prospective marriage partners to make sure they had no family history of hereditary disease or insanity, but to do this carefully so as not to hurt the feelings of the prospective
1977:
1747:
5655:
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1933:
In 1934, the first year of the Law's operation, nearly 4,000 people appealed against the decisions of sterilization authorities. A total of 3,559 of the appeals failed. By the end of the Nazi regime, over 200
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Institute. Afterwards, he proudly shared the award with his colleagues, remarking that he felt that it symbolized the "common understanding of German and
American scientists of the nature of eugenics."
1762:
was the director of this organization, a man whose work helped provide the scientific basis for the Nazis' eugenics policies. The Rockefeller Foundation even funded some of the research conducted by
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1621:
130:
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1996:
gas to murder the patients. In its early years, and during the Nazi era, the Clinic was strongly associated with theories of eugenics and racial hygiene advocated by its leading theorists
1923:
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The Law for Simplification of the Health System of July 1934 created Information Centers for Genetic and Racial Hygiene, as well as Health Offices. The law also described procedures for '
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367:
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The Nazi's policies on abortions were conceived of alongside the general Nazi eugenics program. Upon coming to power, the Nazis restricted advertisements on the sale of
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more people to forceful sterilization than all other U.S. states combined. The forced sterilization program engineered by the Nazis was partly inspired by California's.
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1939, the day German forces invaded Poland. Although the program never officially became law, Hitler guaranteed legal immunity for everyone who took part in it.
1562:
970:
4266:
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Knittel, S. "Remembering Euthanasia: Grafeneck in the Past, Present, and Future." B. Niven & C. Paver [eds]. Memorialization in Germany since 1945
125:
32:
1887:: "This person suffering from hereditary defects costs the community 60,000 Reichsmark during his lifetime. Fellow German, that is your money, too." from the
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friend, to carry this thought with you for the rest of your life, that you have really jolted into action a great government of 60 million people.
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Those targeted for murder under Nazi eugenics policies were largely people living in private and state-operated institutions, identified as "
245:
1984:
was also part of the euthanasia programme where the Nazis murdered individuals they deemed disabled. At first, patients were transported in
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Upon returning from Germany in 1934, where more than 5,000 people per month were being forcibly sterilized, the California eugenics leader
1583:) was the main label approved in forced sterilization, which included people who were diagnosed by a doctor as, or otherwise seemed to be:
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2128:. Everyone was encouraged to carefully evaluate his or her prospective marriage partner eugenically during courtship. Members of the
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Jaeckel, Petra (2002). "Rassenhygiene in der Weimarer Zeit. Das Beispiel der »Zeitschrift für Volksaufartung« (1926–1933)".
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1536:'s leadership when wealthy Nazi supporters started heavily investing in it. The programs were subsequently shaped to complement
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as well as human genetics, was founded in Berlin with significant financial support from the American philanthropic group the
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euthanasia program. Thousands more also died from complications of the forced surgeries, the majority being women from forced
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6351:
5813:
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3967:
140:
6513:
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Sofair, A. (February 2000). "Eugenic sterilization and a qualified Nazi analogy: the United States and Germany, 1930-1945".
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König, Malte, "Racism within the Axis: Sexual Intercourse and Marriage Plans between Italians and Germans, 1940–3".
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1926:, enacted on July 14, 1933, allowed the compulsory sterilisation of any citizen who according to the opinion of a "
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and, if it became necessary to reject her for eugenic reasons, to do it tactfully and not cause her any offense.
1981:
1904:
1116:
1106:
592:
2492:"Close-up of Richard Jenne, the last child killed by the head nurse at the Kaufbeuren-Irsee euthanasia facility"
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1371:
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332:
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896:
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in Berlin in 1935 showing demographic projections under the assumption of higher fertility of the "inferior" (
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6295:
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5686:
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5592:
5587:
5567:
5537:
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5093:
3003:
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1935:
1927:
1888:
1458:
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1301:
951:
879:
6247:
2576:"New Limitations Further limit liberty of citizens who are told what they can do: Strengthens Nazi Control"
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1899:
68:
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5554:
5436:
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2155:. In May 1933, the Nazis reintroduced earlier laws outlawing the advertisement of abortion procedures and
1755:
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697:
525:
115:
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Murderous Science: Elimination by Scientific Selection of Jews, Gypsies, and Others in Germany, 1933-1945
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2016:
was one of Nazi Germany's killing centers, and today it is a memorial place dedicated to the victims of
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410:
405:
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6361:
6146:
5331:
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4610:
4591:
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Wilhelm Schallmayer (1857–1919) who, along with Alfred Ploetz (1860–1940), founded German eugenics.
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2005:
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or through abortions, in order subsequently to breed a race of degenerates burdened with illnesses.
1751:
1720:
1554:
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466:
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270:
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Social Darwinism in European and American Thought, 1860–1945: nature as model and nature as threat
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4244:
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1944:) were created, and under their rulings over 400,000 persons were sterilized against their will.
1607:
1506:
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597:
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377:
347:
103:
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2030:
1915:
In organizing their eugenics program the Nazis were inspired by the United States' programs of
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In 1933, Adolf Hitler appointed Fischer rector of Frederick William University of Berlin, now
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2009:
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260:
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Cranach, M. (2003). "The killing of psychiatric patients in Nazi Germany between 1939-1945".
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3245:
3195:
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2872:
2798:
2679:, founded by Ploetz in 1904, remained the primary scientific publication of German Eugenics.
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2013:
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1993:
1965:
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Eugenics research in Germany before and during the Nazi period was similar to that in the
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856:
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303:
1988:, where passengers were poisoned or asphyxiated using the engine exhaust during transit.
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2001:
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548:
487:
298:
277:
176:
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1879:
1790:
often bragged that his Model Eugenic Sterilization laws had been implemented in the
1532:, by which it had been heavily inspired. However, its prominence rose sharply under
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3794:
Lerner, B. (May 1995). "Medicine and the Holocaust: Learning More of the Lessons".
3674:
Health, Race and German Politics between National Unification and Nazism, 1870-1945
3658:
Nazi Medicine and the Nuremberg Trials: From Medical War Crimes to Informed Consent
3431:
By Trust Betrayed: Patients, Physicians, and the License to Kill in the Third Reich
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110:
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3149:
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2805:
Three Generations, No Imbeciles: Eugenics, the Supreme Court, and "Buck v. Bell"
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1989:
1871:
and yet takes the life of a hundred thousand healthy children in consequence of
1859:
1739:
1637:
1633:
1522:
1510:
1409:
801:
647:
617:
461:
337:
27:
Nazi German policy of the murder of "undesirable" persons from the German people
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4779:
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2125:
1997:
1892:
1514:
1047:
791:
637:
541:
504:
430:
318:
159:
3479:
The Nazi Connection: Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism
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3072:
facinghistorycampus.org – The Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased
2407:
6902:
6708:
5113:
4794:
4430:
4226:
3993:
3058:
2810:
2440:"2008 Houston Transgender Day of Remembrance: Transgenders and Nazi Germany"
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2087:
2018:
1973:
1884:
1830:
1767:
1661:
1094:
652:
286:
85:
17:
6563:
4055:
4022:"The role of biologists in Nazi atrocities: lessons for today's scientists"
4012:
3946:
3917:
3786:
3718:
3695:
Bachrach, S. (2004). "In the name of public health — Nazi racial hygiene".
3380:
The Nazi Ancestral Proof: Genealogy, Racial Science, and the Final Solution
3223:
3023:
2954:
2425:
3898:
3861:
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3763:
2935:
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in 1935, it became compulsory for both marriage partners to be tested for
1807:
6428:
6228:
4784:
4749:
4559:
4493:
3562:
Medicine and Medical Ethics in Nazi Germany: Origins, Practices, Legacies
2630:
Race Hygiene and National Efficiency: The Eugenics of Wilhelm Schallmayer
2175:
1863:
1691:
1673:, in which number 5 was to speed up the investigations of sterilization.
1652:
1644:
1629:
1587:
1486:
642:
607:
415:
352:
3882:"Human dignity in the Nazi era: implications for contemporary bioethics"
3710:
3447:
Life Unworthy of Life: Racial Phobia and Mass Murder in Hitler's Germany
3430:
2917:"Human dignity in the Nazi era: implications for contemporary bioethics"
2383:
1952:
1682:
In German, the concept of "eugenics" was mostly known under the term of
4235:
3215:
3183:
2671:
movement, in Germany one society, the German Society for Race Hygiene (
2094:
2079:
1985:
1969:
1919:, especially on the eugenics laws that had been enacted in California.
94:
4116:
1978:
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics
6938:
4655:
4530:
4513:
4208:
3633:
Doctors from Hell: The Horrific Account of Nazi Experiments on Humans
3118:
Aly, Götz; Roth, Karl Heinz; Black, Edwin; Oksiloff, Assenka (2004).
2972:
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1851:
1670:
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513:
372:
60:
3199:
2727:(Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2004), pp. 48–54.
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in the 1930s), so that the information could be encoded easily onto
3415:
The Origins of Nazi Genocide. From Euthanasia to the Final Solution
3278:
Murderous Medicine: Nazi Doctors, Human Experimentation, and Typhus
2655:
The Origins of Nazi Genocide: From Euthanasia to the Final Solution
2443:
2097:, doctors gave information into a Central Health Passport Archive (
6303:
5218:
3834:
Remembering Euthanasia: Grafeneck in the Past, Present, and Future
2755:"Rektoratsreden im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert – Online-Bibliographie"
2675:), eventually represented all eugenicists, while one journal, the
1951:
1898:
1878:
1806:
1261:
1669:. In June 1935, Hitler and his cabinet made a list of seven new
5428:
3977:"Psychiatric Genocide: Nazi Attempts to Eradicate Schizophrenia"
3514:
THE NAZI DOCTORS: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide
3182:
David, Henry P.; Fleischhacker, Jochen; Hohn, Charlotte (1988).
3093:(Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1988): 108.
2384:"Psychiatric Genocide: Nazi Attempts to Eradicate Schizophrenia"
1517:" traits at its center. These policies were used to justify the
6820:
6641:
6272:
5762:
5432:
4181:
3332:
Death and Deliverance: 'Euthanasia' in Germany, c.1900 to 1945
3262:
Experience and Expression: Women, the Nazis, and the Holocaust
3121:
The Nazi census: identification and control in the Third Reich
2083:
1972:
used by the Nazi-controlled German government as the site of
1697:
was in occasional use, as was its closer loan-translation of
1651:
All of these were targeted for elimination from the chain of
3549:. Plainview, New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
3396:
Forgotten Crimes: The Holocaust and People with Disabilities
2355:"Nazi Persecution of the Mentally & Physically Disabled"
1850:, which was unpublished during the Nazi era, Hitler praised
1833:, the infusion of degenerate elements into its bloodstream.
2108:
tried to impose a Hamburg-style system on the whole Reich.
1579:. In fact being diagnosed with "feeblemindedness" (German:
3246:
Cleansing the Fatherland: Nazi Medicine and Racial Hygiene
2349:
2347:
1758:. German professor of medicine, anthropology and eugenics
4177:
3862:
The Dysfunctional Progeny of Eugenics: Autonomy Gone AWOL
1924:
Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring
1829:
Hitler believed the nation had become weak, corrupted by
3617:
From Racism to Genocide: Anthropology in the Third Reich
3383:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 2007.
2770:
Race, racism, and science: social impact and interaction
2725:
From Racism to Genocide: Anthropology in the Third Reich
2124:
in order to preserve the perceived racial purity of the
1794:. In 1936, Laughlin was invited to an award ceremony at
1746:
In 1927, the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology (
2382:
Torrey, E. Fuller; Yolken, Robert H. (1 January 2010).
2070:' and 'evaluation' of persons, who were then sent to a
4117:
Medical Experiments of the Holocaust and Nazi Medicine
3728:"Disease and dictatorship: the case of Hitler's Reich"
3294:
Crying Hands: Eugenics and Deaf People in Nazi Germany
2757:, der ehemalige Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin.
2595:
Vokus, Volkskundlich-kulturwissenschaftliche Schriften
2313:
Holocaust: The Nazi Persecution and Murder of the Jews
1750:), an organization which concentrated on physical and
3774:
The Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences
2519:, Chapter VI, first section (London, 1991, rev. 2001)
1862:
State". He endorsed what he perceived to be an early
1858:), adding that he considered Sparta to be the first "
4087:
Selling Murder: The Killing Films of the Third Reich
3152:, 2001, Crown / Random House, pg 93-96 and elsewhere
2700:"Eugenics and the Nazis – the California connection"
1575:) – people who were considered to be
6998:
6914:
6843:
6750:
6722:
6663:
6576:
6524:
6477:
6414:
6384:
6322:
6294:
6285:
6226:
6185:
6137:
6123:
6085:
6044:
5944:
5901:
5779:
5674:
5643:
5470:
5320:
5294:
5246:
5146:
5103:
5018:
4898:
4529:
4331:
4215:
3466:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
3348:
When Medicine Went Mad: Bioethics and the Holocaust
1493:were composed of various ideas about genetics. The
4112:Ethics Of Using Medical Data From Nazi Experiments
2876:
2802:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2543:
3963:"Nazi Euthanasia of the Mentally Ill at Hadamar"
3840:. New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2010: 124-133,
3297:. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet University Press.
2008:. Under Fischer, the sterilization of so-called
6596:Civilians targeted during anti-partisan warfare
3868:, Vol. 15, No. 2, Fall 2007, pp. 371–421,
3530:Nurses in Nazi Germany: Moral Choice in History
3105:. New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2010: 124-133.
1868:
1779:
1675:
5184:National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands
2377:
2375:
1836:The racialism and idea of competition, termed
1719:The early German eugenics movement was led by
1659:, while up to 300,000 were murdered under the
1227:National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands
6956:Nazis and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law
5444:
4193:
3124:. Temple University Press. pp. 104–108.
2767:Jackson, John P.; Weidman, Nadine M. (2005).
1466:
971:An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races
8:
5372:
5363:
5203:National Socialist Workers' Party of Denmark
4884:
4875:
4864:
4808:
4799:
4681:
4672:
4653:
4644:
4620:
4589:
4428:
4419:
4380:
4356:
4315:
4305:
4291:
4242:
4233:
4224:
3364:Nazi Eugenics: Precursors, Policy, Aftermath
2967:In 1876 Haeckel had discussed the selective
2693:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2677:Archiv für Rassen- und Gsellschafts Biologie
2658:. Univ of North Carolina Press. p. 13.
2272:Sterilization of deaf people in Nazi Germany
1939:
1709:Relationship with the U.S. eugenics movement
1570:
1548:
1385:
1376:
1246:National Socialist Workers' Party of Denmark
1158:
1149:
1121:
1057:
1045:
1033:
1021:
1009:
742:
733:
722:
666:
657:
539:
530:
511:
502:
476:
445:
284:
275:
236:
212:
174:
164:
150:
101:
92:
83:
6655:List of major perpetrators of the Holocaust
3043:. Cambridge University Press. p. 276.
2090:punch cards for fast sorting and counting.
6840:
6817:
6660:
6638:
6291:
6282:
6269:
6134:
5776:
5759:
5467:
5451:
5437:
5429:
4200:
4186:
4178:
3498:. The University of North Carolina Press.
1628:" (which at the time was used to refer to
1473:
1459:
51:
5173:German National Movement in Liechtenstein
4094:Nazi Medicine: In The Shadow Of The Reich
4045:
4002:
3992:
3907:
3897:
3753:
3495:Deadly Medicine: Creating the Master Race
3008:. New York: Grove Press. pp. 17–18.
2944:
2934:
2616:. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. p. 382.
2562:Racial Hygiene: Medicine under the Nazis.
2494:. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
2415:
2112:Nazi eugenics policies regarding marriage
1501:placed the biological improvement of the
1216:German National Movement in Liechtenstein
981:The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century
3810:10.7326/0003-4819-122-10-199505150-00010
3733:Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
3581:Racial Hygiene: Medicine Under the Nazis
3434:. Arlington, Virginia: Vandamere Press.
3113:
3111:
3091:Racial Hygiene: Medicine Under the Nazis
2546:Racial Hygiene: Medicine Under the Nazis
2334:
2332:
31:
4147:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
3939:10.7326/0003-4819-132-4-200002150-00010
3184:"Abortion and Eugenics in Nazi Germany"
2673:Deutsche Gesellschaft fue Rassenhygiene
2315:. Oxford University Press. p. 30.
2303:
1647:, and/or weak as per "feeblemindedness"
1598:Manic-depressive (now known as bipolar)
59:
3646:Snyder, S. & D. Mitchell. (2006).
3418:. University of North Carolina Press.
3249:. The Johns Hopkins University Press.
2984:. New York: D. Appleton. p. 170.
2841:The Routledge History of the Holocaust
1705:(approximately "racial improvement").
3838:Memorialization in Germany Since 1945
3177:
3175:
3173:
2532:. University of Michigan Press. 2006.
7:
6243:Reich Association of Jews in Germany
5190:National Socialist Movement of Chile
4127:The History Museum – Nazi Euthanasia
4063:"Eugenical Sterilization in Germany"
3866:Cardozo Journal of International Law
3351:. Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press.
2971:policy of the Greek city of ancient
2844:. Taylor & Francis. p. 49.
1233:National Socialist Movement of Chile
7048:Armenian genocide and the Holocaust
4168:Mentally and physically handicapped
3313:The Racial State: Germany 1933-1945
2740:(New York: Routledge, 2001), p. 60.
2442:. 16 September 2018. Archived from
2147:Abortion in Germany § Nazi era
1992:were developed later and used pure
1854:(using ideas perhaps borrowed from
1643:Anyone else considered to be idle,
991:The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
5229:World Union of National Socialists
4390:Adolf Hitler's cult of personality
4294:Nationalsozialistische Monatshefte
2633:. University of California Press.
2612:Schmitz-Berning, Cornelia (2000).
1792:1935 Nuremberg racial hygiene laws
1272:World Union of National Socialists
246:Adolf Hitler's cult of personality
153:Nationalsozialistische Monatshefte
36:Eugenics poster at the exhibition
25:
5275:Last surviving war crime suspects
3188:Population and Development Review
2982:"The History of Creation, vol. I"
2614:Vokabular des Nationalsozialismus
2580:The Evening Independent Newspaper
2574:Stefferud, A. D. (27 June 1935).
2206:German Society for Racial Hygiene
2074:where sterilization was decided.
1802:
1734:German Society for Racial Hygiene
1317:Last surviving war crime suspects
1071:The Myth of the Twentieth Century
6611:Polish leaders and intellectuals
6101:Concentration Camps Inspectorate
5415:
5414:
5265:Nazi Party leaders and officials
4173:Nazi Persecution of the Disabled
3649:Cultural Locations of Disability
3620:. University of Illinois Press.
3265:. Wayne State University Press.
2698:Black, Edwin (9 November 2003).
2530:Cultural Locations of Disability
2174:
2044:
2029:
1866:treatment of deformed children:
1655:. More than 400,000 people were
1439:
1428:
1427:
1307:Nazi Party leaders and officials
1024:Rassenkunde des deutschen Volkes
67:
5387:Political views of Adolf Hitler
4096:. New York: First-Run Features.
3854:Journal of Contemporary History
3698:New England Journal of Medicine
3652:. University of Michigan Press.
3594:Ryan, Donna F., et al. (2002).
2039:, organiser of the T4 Programme
1903:A bus used to take patients to
1736:, represented all eugenicists.
1525:of those deemed "undesirable".
1400:Political views of Adolf Hitler
1178:Religious views of Adolf Hitler
6539:Attack on the twentieth convoy
6352:1941 pogroms in eastern Poland
5280:Speeches given by Adolf Hitler
3968:American Journal of Psychiatry
3677:. Cambridge University Press.
3597:Deaf People in Hitler's Europe
3533:. Princeton University Press.
3335:. Cambridge University Press.
3316:. Cambridge University Press.
2838:Friedman, Jonathan C. (2011).
2528:Snyder, S. & D. Mitchell.
1883:Propaganda for Nazi Germany's
1322:Speeches given by Adolf Hitler
44:) relative to the "superior" (
1:
5214:Ossewabrandwag (South Africa)
4070:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
3836:", B. Niven & C. Paver .
3367:. Columbia University Press.
2245:Racial policy of Nazi Germany
2098:
1715:Eugenics in the United States
1657:sterilized against their will
1257:Ossewabrandwag (South Africa)
1001:The Passing of the Great Race
6876:Jewish war conspiracy theory
6067:Extermination through labour
5255:Bibliography of Adolf Hitler
4540:Aestheticization of politics
4122:Sterilization Law in Germany
3880:O'Mathúna, D. (March 2006).
3584:. Harvard University Press.
2550:. Harvard University Press.
2359:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
2240:Physicians in the Nazi Party
1811:Hitler's order for Action T4
1553:). They included prisoners,
1297:Bibliography of Adolf Hitler
396:Aestheticization of politics
7058:Righteous Among the Nations
5744:Righteous Among the Nations
5195:National Socialist Movement
5163:Arrow Cross Party (Hungary)
4038:10.1093/embo-reports/kve217
3927:Annals of Internal Medicine
3797:Annals of Internal Medicine
3559:Nicosia, F. et al. (2002).
3527:McFarland-Icke, B. (1999).
3482:. Oxford University Press.
2915:O'Mathúna, Dónal P (2006).
2652:Friedlander, Henry (2000).
2466:"Illuminating the Darkness"
2116:After the Nazis passed the
1822:during his imprisonment in
1238:National Socialist Movement
1206:Arrow Cross Party (Hungary)
1012:Preussentum und Sozialismus
7125:
6795:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
6765:Lithuanian Security Police
6684:Reich Security Main Office
5651:Evidence and documentation
5209:Nordic Resistance Movement
4347:National Socialist Program
3857:54 (3), 2019, pp. 508-526.
3746:10.1177/014107689709000616
3393:Evans, Suzanne E. (2004).
2883:. Penguin Press. pp.
2517:Hitler: A Profile in Power
2338:Murphy & Lappé, 1994:
2223:Nazi human experimentation
2144:
2054:, head of the T4 programme
1948:Nazi eugenics institutions
1803:Hitler's views on eugenics
1712:
1701:. An alternative term was
1252:Nordic Resistance Movement
203:National Socialist Program
7011:Books and other resources
6839:
6816:
6650:
6637:
6281:
6268:
5775:
5758:
5543:Bulgarian-occupied Greece
5466:
5412:
5178:Nasjonal Samling (Norway)
4092:Michalczyk, J.J. (1997).
3860:Martin III, Matthew D., "
3726:Biddiss, M. (June 1997).
3636:. Sentient Publications.
3399:. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee.
3167:New York:1990--Henry Holt
2738:Who's Who In Nazi Germany
2311:Longerich, Peter (2010).
1982:Hartheim Killing Facility
1905:Hartheim Killing Facility
1519:involuntary sterilization
1221:Nasjonal Samling (Norway)
1117:German Evangelical Church
6601:People with disabilities
6534:Aid and Rescue Committee
5119:Nazi concentration camps
4637:Economic interventionism
4599:Jewish conspiracy theory
4400:Night of the Long Knives
4376:Religion in Nazi Germany
3671:Weindling, P.J. (1989).
3655:Weindling, P.J. (2005).
3543:Müller-Hill, B. (1998).
3259:Baer, E. et al. (2003).
2879:The Third Reich in Power
2775:Rutgers University Press
2542:Proctor, Robert (1988).
2201:German Blood Certificate
1936:Hereditary Health Courts
1777:bragged to a colleague:
493:Economic interventionism
455:Jewish conspiracy theory
256:Night of the Long Knives
232:Religion in Nazi Germany
6742:Order Police battalions
5224:Tsagaan Khas (Mongolia)
4132:Victims of the Nazi Era
4089:. London: Domino Films.
2704:San Francisco Chronicle
2211:Hereditary Health Court
2196:Elfriede Lohse-Wächtler
2106:Reich Interior Ministry
1889:Office of Racial Policy
1485:The social policies of
1267:Tsagaan Khas (Mongolia)
6591:Soviet urban residents
5682:International response
5656:Contemporary knowledge
5373:
5364:
4885:
4876:
4865:
4840:Social interventionism
4809:
4800:
4682:
4673:
4668:Greater Germanic Reich
4654:
4645:
4621:
4590:
4429:
4420:
4381:
4357:
4352:Hitler's rise to power
4316:
4306:
4292:
4257:League of German Girls
4243:
4234:
4225:
3981:Schizophrenia Bulletin
3971:January 2006; 163: 27.
3961:Strous, R. D. (2006).
3661:. Palgrave Macmillan.
3428:Gallagher, G. (1995).
3281:. Praeger Publishers.
3037:Hawkins, Mike (1997).
2627:Weiss, Sheila (1987).
2388:Schizophrenia Bulletin
2141:Nazi abortion policies
2004:, and by its director
1968:in the German town of
1957:
1956:Gas chamber in Hadamar
1941:Erbgesundheitsgerichte
1940:
1907:
1896:
1885:T-4 Euthanasia Program
1877:
1812:
1784:
1756:Rockefeller Foundation
1680:
1580:
1571:
1549:
1386:
1377:
1159:
1150:
1122:
1058:
1046:
1034:
1022:
1010:
743:
734:
723:
698:Social interventionism
667:
658:
540:
531:
526:Greater Germanic Reich
512:
503:
477:
446:
285:
276:
237:
213:
208:Hitler's rise to power
175:
165:
151:
116:League of German Girls
102:
93:
84:
49:
7038:Memorials and museums
6976:Reparations Agreement
6971:Holocaust restitution
6549:Le Chambon-sur-Lignon
6072:Human experimentation
5911:Auschwitz II-Birkenau
5134:Human experimentation
4830:Reactionary modernism
4775:Anti-Slavic sentiment
4504:Human experimentation
4236:Geheime Staatspolizei
4020:Weigmann, K. (2001).
3994:10.1093/schbul/sbp097
3899:10.1186/1472-6939-7-2
3275:Baumslag, N. (2005).
3146:IBM and the Holocaust
2936:10.1186/1472-6939-7-2
2723:Gretchen E. Schafft,
2400:10.1093/schbul/sbp097
2260:Reich Citizenship Law
1980:was founded in 1927.
1955:
1911:Nazi eugenics program
1902:
1882:
1810:
1796:Heidelberg University
1636:people, particularly
1567:physical disabilities
1545:life unworthy of life
1173:Positive Christianity
1133:German Faith Movement
688:Reactionary modernism
633:Anti-Slavic sentiment
363:Human experimentation
95:Geheime Staatspolizei
35:
6238:Jewish Ghetto Police
6107:Politische Abteilung
6002:Risiera di San Sabba
5863:Natzweiler-Struthof
5168:German American Bund
4550:Anti-intellectualism
4395:Enabling Act of 1933
3832:Knittel, Suzanne., "
3614:Schafft, G. (2004).
3602:Gallaudet University
3600:. Washington, D.C.:
3463:Doctors Under Hitler
3291:Biesold, H. (1999).
3005:Hitler's Secret Book
2736:Robert S. Wistrich,
2446:on 16 September 2018
2072:Genetic Health Court
1928:Genetic Health Court
1917:forced sterilization
1786:Eugenics researcher
1563:congenital cognitive
1550:Lebensunwertes Leben
1538:Nazi racial policies
1211:German American Bund
1060:Hitlers Zweites Buch
406:Anti-intellectualism
251:Enabling Act of 1933
7016:Days of remembrance
6929:Holocaust survivors
6924:Depopulated shtetls
6775:Rollkommando Hamann
6621:Jehovah's Witnesses
6439:Kamianets-Podilskyi
5501:Bohemia and Moravia
5295:Role and impact in
5158:American Nazi Party
4611:Cult of personality
4580:Class collaboration
4489:Extermination camps
4474:Concentration camps
4415:Anti-Comintern Pact
4153:Nazi Racial Science
3975:Torrey, E. (2010).
3711:10.1056/nejmp048136
3361:Conroy, M. (2017).
3345:Caplan, A. (1992).
2751:Humboldt University
2582:. Associated Press.
2122:hereditary diseases
2006:Otmar von Verschuer
1752:social anthropology
1721:Wilhelm Schallmayer
1201:American Nazi Party
467:Cult of personality
436:Class collaboration
348:Extermination camps
333:Concentration camps
271:Anti-Comintern Pact
55:Part of a series on
6999:History and memory
6903:Forced euthanasia
6851:Nazi racial policy
6554:Danish underground
6401:Operation Reinhard
6396:Wannsee Conference
5382:German Romanticism
5270:Nazi Party members
5124:Extermination camp
4519:Racial segregation
4245:Deutsches Jungvolk
4163:Euthanasia program
3886:BMC Medical Ethics
3630:Spitz, V. (2005).
3565:. Berghahn Books.
3492:Kuntz, D. (2006).
3460:Kater, M. (1989).
3444:Glass, J. (1999).
3377:Ehrenreich, Eric.
3077:2009-02-07 at the
2922:BMC Medical Ethics
2010:Rhineland Bastards
1958:
1908:
1897:
1813:
1766:before he went to
1608:muscular dystrophy
1561:, and people with
1507:selective breeding
1446:Germany portal
1395:German Romanticism
1312:Nazi Party members
1195:Outside of Germany
378:Racial segregation
104:Deutsches Jungvolk
50:
7091:
7090:
7087:
7086:
7083:
7082:
6934:Sh'erit ha-Pletah
6881:Jewish emigration
6871:Hitler's prophecy
6866:Haavara Agreement
6812:
6811:
6808:
6807:
6800:Ypatingasis būrys
6697:Sicherheitsdienst
6633:
6632:
6629:
6628:
6572:
6571:
6492:Bielski partisans
6264:
6263:
6260:
6259:
6256:
6255:
6095:Totenkopfverbände
5754:
5753:
5426:
5425:
4999:Strasser (Gregor)
4878:Volksgemeinschaft
4823:Völkisch movement
4818:Völkisch equality
4405:Nuremberg rallies
4366:German rearmament
4141:Michael Berenbaum
4106:General reference
3689:Academic articles
3476:Kuhl, S. (2002).
3389:978-0-253-34945-3
3050:978-0-521-57434-1
3015:978-0-394-62003-9
2894:978-1-59420-074-8
2873:Evans, Richard J.
2851:978-0-415-77956-2
2799:Lombardo, Paul A.
2784:978-0-8135-3736-8
2472:. 1 November 2012
2470:OutSmart Magazine
2322:978-0-19-280436-5
2082:(a subsidiary of
1788:Harry H. Laughlin
1729:Henry Friedlander
1483:
1482:
1138:Germanic paganism
1124:Deutsche Christen
857:Strasser (Gregor)
736:Volksgemeinschaft
681:Völkisch movement
676:Völkisch equality
261:Nuremberg rallies
222:German rearmament
16:(Redirected from
7116:
6983:Holocaust denial
6961:Nuremberg trials
6951:Postwar violence
6906:
6841:
6818:
6780:Special Brigades
6770:Nederlandsche SS
6737:Police Regiments
6661:
6639:
6499:Ghetto uprisings
6487:Jewish partisans
6434:Harvest Festival
6406:Holocaust trains
6292:
6283:
6270:
6135:
6031:
6009:
5991:
5972:
5954:
5777:
5760:
5468:
5453:
5446:
5439:
5430:
5418:
5417:
5378:
5369:
5366:Drang nach Osten
5204:
5185:
5094:von Sebottendorf
4890:
4881:
4870:
4850:State capitalism
4835:Social Darwinism
4814:
4805:
4687:
4678:
4659:
4650:
4626:
4595:
4592:Dolchstoßlegende
4565:Authoritarianism
4458:Nuremberg trials
4434:
4425:
4386:
4362:
4321:
4311:
4297:
4248:
4239:
4230:
4202:
4195:
4188:
4179:
4059:
4049:
4016:
4006:
3996:
3958:
3921:
3911:
3901:
3829:
3790:
3767:
3757:
3722:
3228:
3227:
3179:
3168:
3159:
3153:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3115:
3106:
3100:
3094:
3089:Robert Proctor,
3087:
3081:
3069:
3063:
3062:
3034:
3028:
3027:
2996:
2990:
2989:
2965:
2959:
2958:
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2234:Nur für Deutsche
2184:
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2100:
2048:
2033:
2014:Grafeneck Castle
2012:was undertaken.
1943:
1838:social Darwinism
1824:Landsberg Prison
1574:
1552:
1475:
1468:
1461:
1444:
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1442:
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1391:
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1379:Drang nach Osten
1247:
1228:
1164:
1155:
1127:
1076:
1066:
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1042:
1039:
1036:Das Dritte Reich
1030:
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996:
986:
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952:von Sebottendorf
748:
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728:
708:State capitalism
693:Social Darwinism
672:
663:
545:
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517:
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448:Dolchstoßlegende
421:Authoritarianism
314:Nuremberg trials
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6893:Madagascar Plan
6886:Kindertransport
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6804:
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6718:
6703:Ordnungspolizei
6659:
6646:
6625:
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6444:Maly Trostenets
6415:Mass executions
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5661:Hidden children
5639:
5497:Czechoslovakia
5462:
5457:
5427:
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5408:
5407:
5406:
5392:Racial theories
5375:Generalplan Ost
5322:
5316:
5296:
5290:
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5288:
5260:Nazi ideologues
5242:
5241:
5240:
5202:
5197:(United States)
5196:
5183:
5148:
5142:
5139:Romani genocide
5106:
5099:
5098:
5097:
5014:
5013:
5012:
5004:Strasser (Otto)
4894:
4893:
4892:
4867:Gleichschaltung
4860:Totalitarianism
4745:One-party state
4555:Anti-liberalism
4525:
4524:
4523:
4448:Tripartite Pact
4359:Machtergreifung
4327:
4326:
4325:
4211:
4206:
4158:Deadly medicine
4103:
4079:
4032:(10): 871–875.
4019:
3974:
3924:
3879:
3804:(10): 793–794.
3793:
3770:
3725:
3694:
3691:
3517:. Basic Books.
3410:Friedlander, H.
3237:
3232:
3231:
3200:10.2307/1972501
3181:
3180:
3171:
3162:Padfield, Peter
3160:
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3079:Wayback Machine
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2777:. p. 123.
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2052:Philipp Bouhler
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1994:carbon monoxide
1966:mental hospital
1950:
1913:
1805:
1717:
1711:
1667:tubal ligations
1602:Suffering from
1495:racial ideology
1479:
1440:
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1420:
1419:
1405:Racial theories
1388:Generalplan Ost
1340:
1332:
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1302:Nazi ideologues
1292:
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1240:(United States)
1239:
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1196:
1188:
1187:
1112:Esoteric Nazism
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862:Strasser (Otto)
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725:Gleichschaltung
718:Totalitarianism
603:One-party state
411:Anti-liberalism
391:
383:
382:
304:Tripartite Pact
215:Machtergreifung
193:
185:
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38:Wonders of Life
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6861:Nuremberg Laws
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6844:Early elements
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6825:Early elements
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6760:Arajs Kommando
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6731:Einsatzgruppen
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6644:Responsibility
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6387:Final Solution
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5858:Mittelbau-Dora
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5839:Kraków-Płaszów
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5729:Rescue of Jews
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5405:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
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5370:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5349:Beefsteak Nazi
5346:
5345:
5344:
5339:
5328:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5310:
5305:
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5298:
5297:German society
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5144:
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5136:
5131:
5129:Final Solution
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5109:
5107:and war crimes
5101:
5100:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5069:von Liebenfels
5066:
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5025:
5024:
5022:
5016:
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5006:
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4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4979:von Ribbentrop
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4698:Indoctrination
4695:
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4675:Heim ins Reich
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4570:Blood and soil
4567:
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4557:
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4547:
4545:Anti-communism
4542:
4537:
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4533:
4527:
4526:
4522:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4484:Doctors' Trial
4481:
4476:
4468:Final solution
4465:
4460:
4455:
4453:Denazification
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4426:
4417:
4412:
4410:Nuremberg Laws
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4342:Early timeline
4339:
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4328:
4324:
4323:
4313:
4308:Sturmabteilung
4303:
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4102:
4101:External links
4099:
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4078:
4075:
4074:
4073:
4066:Eugenical News
4060:
4017:
3972:
3959:
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3877:
3858:
3849:
3846:978-0230207035
3830:
3791:
3768:
3723:
3705:(5): 417–420.
3690:
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3373:978-3838210957
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2978:Haeckel, Ernst
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2824:978-0801890109
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2665:978-0807846759
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2191:Doctors' trial
2187:
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2157:abortifacients
2153:contraceptives
2142:
2139:
2118:Nuremberg Laws
2113:
2110:
2063:
2062:Identification
2060:
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2028:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2024:
1962:Hadamar Clinic
1949:
1946:
1912:
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1820:racial hygiene
1804:
1801:
1710:
1707:
1703:Volksaufartung
1688:racial hygiene
1649:
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1604:Cerebral palsy
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1362:Beefsteak Nazi
1359:
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1357:
1352:
1341:
1339:Related topics
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927:von Liebenfels
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837:von Ribbentrop
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779:
774:
769:
763:
758:
757:
754:
753:
750:
749:
740:
731:
730:
729:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
684:
683:
678:
673:
664:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
589:
588:
583:
578:
573:
563:
558:
556:Indoctrination
553:
552:
551:
546:
537:
533:Heim ins Reich
528:
518:
509:
500:
495:
490:
485:
484:
483:
469:
464:
459:
458:
457:
452:
438:
433:
428:
426:Blood and soil
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
401:Anti-communism
398:
392:
389:
388:
385:
384:
381:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
343:Doctors' Trial
340:
335:
326:Final solution
322:
321:
316:
311:
309:Denazification
306:
301:
296:
291:
282:
273:
268:
266:Nuremberg Laws
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
234:
229:
224:
219:
210:
205:
200:
198:Early timeline
194:
191:
190:
187:
186:
183:
182:
172:
167:Sturmabteilung
162:
157:
148:
143:
138:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
99:
90:
80:
77:
76:
73:
72:
64:
63:
57:
56:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7121:
7110:
7109:Nazi eugenics
7107:
7105:
7102:
7101:
7099:
7075:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7027:
7024:
7023:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7003:
7001:
6997:
6989:
6986:
6985:
6984:
6981:
6977:
6974:
6973:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6959:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6935:
6932:
6931:
6930:
6927:
6925:
6922:
6921:
6919:
6917:
6913:
6907:
6901:
6899:
6896:
6894:
6891:
6887:
6884:
6883:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6856:Nazi eugenics
6854:
6852:
6849:
6848:
6846:
6842:
6838:
6830:
6827:
6824:
6823:
6819:
6815:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6785:Topf and Sons
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6757:
6755:
6753:
6752:Collaborators
6749:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6732:
6728:
6727:
6725:
6721:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6704:
6701:
6698:
6695:
6691:
6690:Referat IV B4
6688:
6687:
6686: (RSHA)
6685:
6682:
6680:
6678:
6677:Schutzstaffel
6674:
6672:
6669:
6668:
6666:
6664:Organizations
6662:
6656:
6653:
6652:
6649:
6645:
6640:
6636:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6606:Romani people
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6583:
6581:
6579:
6575:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6559:Working Group
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6544:Kastner train
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6531:
6529:
6527:
6523:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6501:
6500:
6497:
6493:
6490:
6489:
6488:
6485:
6484:
6482:
6480:
6476:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6424:
6420:
6419:
6417:
6413:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6383:
6375:
6372:
6371:
6370:
6367:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6354:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6332:
6331:Kristallnacht
6328:
6327:
6325:
6321:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6301:
6299:
6297:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6276:
6271:
6267:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6235:
6233:
6231:
6230:
6225:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6190:
6188:
6184:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6144:
6142:
6140:
6136:
6133:
6130:
6126:
6122:
6116:
6115:
6114:Sanitätswesen
6111:
6109:
6108:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6096:
6091:
6090:
6088:
6084:
6078:
6077:Death marches
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6049:
6047:
6043:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5992:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5973:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5950:
5949:
5947:
5943:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5908:
5906:
5904:
5903:Extermination
5900:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5878:Sachsenhausen
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5819:Herzogenbusch
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5794:Bergen-Belsen
5792:
5790:
5787:
5786:
5784:
5782:
5781:Concentration
5778:
5774:
5770:
5766:
5761:
5757:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5731:
5730:
5727:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5717:United States
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5683:
5680:
5679:
5677:
5673:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5648:
5646:
5642:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5625:
5623:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5605:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5562:
5559:
5558:
5557:and colonies
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5544:
5541:
5540:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5475:
5473:
5469:
5465:
5461:
5460:The Holocaust
5454:
5449:
5447:
5442:
5440:
5435:
5434:
5431:
5421:
5411:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5377:
5376:
5371:
5368:
5367:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5334:
5333:
5330:
5329:
5325:
5319:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5303:The Wehrmacht
5301:
5299:
5293:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5249:
5245:
5237:
5236:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5200:
5198:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5155:
5151:
5145:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5108:
5102:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5023:
5021:
5017:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4989:Seyss-Inquart
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4903:
4901:
4897:
4889:
4888:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4868:
4863:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4811:Untermenschen
4807:
4804:
4803:
4802:Rassenschande
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4767:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4692:
4691:Pan-Germanism
4689:
4686:
4685:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4664:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4652:
4649:
4648:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4632:Direct action
4630:
4625:
4624:
4623:Führerprinzip
4619:
4618:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4593:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4560:Anti-pacifism
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4534:
4532:
4528:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4470:
4469:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4443:The Holocaust
4441:
4439:
4436:
4433:
4432:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4422:Kristallnacht
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4361:
4360:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4336:
4334:
4330:
4320:
4319:
4318:Schutzstaffel
4314:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4247:
4246:
4241:
4238:
4237:
4232:
4229:
4228:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4203:
4198:
4196:
4191:
4189:
4184:
4183:
4180:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4148:
4142:
4138:
4137:Nazi Medicine
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4109:
4108:
4107:
4100:
4095:
4091:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4077:Documentaries
4076:
4071:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4018:
4014:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3986:
3982:
3978:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3952:
3948:
3944:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3928:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3878:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3850:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3835:
3831:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3798:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3775:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3699:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3683:0-521-42397-X
3680:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3668:
3667:1-4039-3911-X
3664:
3660:
3659:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3645:
3643:
3642:1-59181-032-9
3639:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3627:
3626:0-252-02930-5
3623:
3619:
3618:
3613:
3611:
3610:1-56368-132-3
3607:
3603:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3591:
3590:0-674-74578-7
3587:
3583:
3582:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3571:1-57181-387-X
3568:
3564:
3563:
3558:
3556:
3555:0-87969-531-5
3552:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3540:
3539:0-691-00665-2
3536:
3532:
3531:
3526:
3524:
3523:0-465-04905-2
3520:
3516:
3515:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3504:0-8078-2916-1
3501:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3489:
3488:0-19-514978-5
3485:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3473:
3472:0-8078-1842-9
3469:
3465:
3464:
3459:
3457:
3456:0-465-09846-0
3453:
3450:Basic Books.
3449:
3448:
3443:
3441:
3440:0-918339-36-7
3437:
3433:
3432:
3427:
3425:
3424:0-8078-2208-6
3421:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3405:1-56663-565-9
3402:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3365:
3360:
3358:
3357:0-89603-235-3
3354:
3350:
3349:
3344:
3342:
3341:0-521-41613-2
3338:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3322:0-521-39802-9
3319:
3315:
3314:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3303:1-56368-255-9
3300:
3296:
3295:
3290:
3288:
3287:0-275-98312-9
3284:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3272:
3271:0-8143-3063-0
3268:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3256:
3255:0-8018-4824-5
3252:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3194:(1): 81–112.
3193:
3189:
3185:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3163:
3158:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3141:
3138:
3133:
3131:9781592132591
3127:
3123:
3122:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3099:
3096:
3092:
3086:
3083:
3080:
3076:
3073:
3068:
3065:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3033:
3030:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3007:
3006:
3001:
3000:Hitler, Adolf
2995:
2992:
2988:
2983:
2979:
2974:
2970:
2964:
2961:
2956:
2952:
2947:
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2279:
2278:Volksdeutsche
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2255:Rassenschande
2253:
2251:
2250:Racial purity
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2231:
2229:
2228:Nordic theory
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
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2202:
2199:
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2075:
2073:
2069:
2061:
2053:
2047:
2038:
2032:
2023:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
2002:Eugen Fischer
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1954:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1937:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1920:
1918:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1874:
1873:birth control
1867:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1856:Ernst Haeckel
1853:
1849:
1848:
1842:
1839:
1834:
1832:
1827:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1809:
1800:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1778:
1776:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1764:Josef Mengele
1761:
1760:Eugen Fischer
1757:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1735:
1730:
1726:
1725:Alfred Ploetz
1722:
1716:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1684:Rassenhygiene
1679:
1674:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1654:
1646:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1626:transvestites
1623:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1593:Schizophrenic
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1577:feeble-minded
1573:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1530:United States
1526:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1503:German people
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1476:
1471:
1469:
1464:
1462:
1457:
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1454:
1453:
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1199:
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1125:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1100:Thule Society
1098:
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1083:
1073:
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884:
881:
876:
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868:
865:
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860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
847:Seyss-Inquart
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
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803:
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755:
747:
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738:
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732:
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721:
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719:
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709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
682:
679:
677:
674:
671:
670:
669:Untermenschen
665:
662:
661:
660:Rassenschande
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
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621:
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611:
609:
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587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
568:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
550:
549:Pan-Germanism
547:
544:
543:
538:
535:
534:
529:
527:
524:
523:
522:
519:
516:
515:
510:
507:
506:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
488:Direct action
486:
481:
480:
479:Führerprinzip
475:
474:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
456:
453:
450:
449:
444:
443:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
416:Anti-pacifism
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
393:
387:
386:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
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359:
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334:
331:
330:
329:
328:
327:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
299:The Holocaust
297:
295:
292:
289:
288:
283:
280:
279:
278:Kristallnacht
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
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247:
244:
241:
240:
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220:
217:
216:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
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195:
189:
188:
179:
178:
177:Schutzstaffel
173:
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154:
149:
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142:
139:
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134:
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119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
106:
105:
100:
97:
96:
91:
88:
87:
82:
81:
78:Organizations
75:
74:
70:
66:
65:
62:
58:
54:
53:
47:
43:
42:Minderwertige
39:
34:
30:
19:
7068:Yizkor books
6855:
6729:
6676:
6421:
6369:in Lithuania
6329:
6227:
6112:
6105:
6094:
6028:
6006:
5987:
5968:
5951:
5734:by Catholics
5603:Soviet Union
5471:By territory
5337:Architecture
5285:SS personnel
5233:
5219:SUMKA (Iran)
4845:Social order
4770:Antisemitism
4723:Palingenetic
4616:Dictatorship
4585:Conspiracism
4509:Labour camps
4479:Deportations
4466:
4438:World War II
4383:Kirchenkampf
4371:Nazi Germany
4252:Hitler Youth
4216:Organisation
4146:
4145:
4105:
4104:
4093:
4086:
4083:Burleigh, M.
4065:
4029:
4026:EMBO Reports
4025:
3987:(1): 26–32.
3984:
3980:
3966:
3933:(4): 312–9.
3930:
3926:
3889:
3885:
3865:
3852:
3837:
3801:
3795:
3778:
3772:
3740:(6): 342–6.
3737:
3731:
3702:
3696:
3672:
3656:
3648:
3631:
3615:
3596:
3579:
3560:
3544:
3528:
3512:
3493:
3477:
3461:
3445:
3429:
3413:
3395:
3378:
3362:
3346:
3330:
3327:Burleigh, M.
3311:
3308:Burleigh, M.
3292:
3276:
3260:
3244:
3191:
3187:
3164:
3157:
3140:
3120:
3098:
3090:
3085:
3067:
3039:
3032:
3004:
2994:
2985:
2963:
2926:
2920:
2910:
2898:. Retrieved
2878:
2867:
2855:. Retrieved
2840:
2833:
2804:
2793:
2769:
2762:
2745:
2737:
2732:
2724:
2719:
2707:. Retrieved
2703:
2676:
2672:
2669:
2654:
2634:
2629:
2622:
2613:
2607:
2598:
2594:
2588:
2579:
2569:
2561:
2545:
2537:
2529:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2496:. Retrieved
2486:
2474:. Retrieved
2469:
2460:
2448:. Retrieved
2444:the original
2434:
2394:(1): 26–32.
2391:
2387:
2362:. Retrieved
2358:
2312:
2306:
2283:
2276:
2264:
2232:
2215:
2150:
2115:
2092:
2076:
2068:denunciation
2065:
2037:Viktor Brack
2017:
1990:Gas chambers
1959:
1932:
1921:
1914:
1869:
1846:
1843:
1835:
1828:
1816:Adolf Hitler
1814:
1785:
1780:
1775:C. M. Goethe
1772:
1745:
1738:
1718:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1683:
1681:
1676:
1660:
1650:
1542:
1534:Adolf Hitler
1527:
1491:Nazi Germany
1484:
1437:
1350:Architecture
1327:SS personnel
1276:
1262:SUMKA (Iran)
1161:Kirchenkampf
1069:
999:
989:
979:
969:
703:Social order
628:Antisemitism
581:Palingenetic
497:
472:Dictatorship
441:Conspiracism
368:Labour camps
338:Deportations
324:
323:
294:World War II
239:Kirchenkampf
227:Nazi Germany
111:Hitler Youth
46:Höherwertige
45:
41:
37:
29:
18:Nazi eugenic
7074:Never again
6905:(Action T4)
6831:Remembrance
6616:Homosexuals
6586:Soviet POWs
6514:Częstochowa
6062:Gas chamber
5873:Ravensbrück
5814:Gross-Rosen
5809:Flossenbürg
5692:Philippines
5624:Yugoslavia
5583:Netherlands
5511:Sudetenland
5397:Strasserism
5059:de Gobineau
5034:Chamberlain
4900:Politicians
4887:Volkskörper
4790:Master race
4760:Prussianism
4708:Nationalism
4663:Imperialism
4606:Corporatism
4072:; vol.18:5.
3781:(1): 8–18.
3576:Proctor, R.
3150:Edwin Black
2969:infanticide
2813:. pp.
2513:Ian Kershaw
2476:29 December
2450:29 December
2364:29 December
2102: 1934
1847:Second Book
1818:read about
1740:Edwin Black
1638:trans women
1634:transgender
1581:Schwachsinn
1555:degenerates
1523:mass-murder
1410:Strasserism
1152:Gottgläubig
917:de Gobineau
892:Chamberlain
760:Politicians
745:Volkskörper
648:Master race
618:Prussianism
566:Nationalism
521:Imperialism
462:Corporatism
7098:Categories
7063:Yad Vashem
7043:Uniqueness
6898:Nisko Plan
6671:Nazi Party
6479:Resistance
6449:Ninth Fort
6314:Vel' d'Hiv
6086:Nazi units
6024:Westerbork
6014:Amersfoort
5868:Neuengamme
5849:Mauthausen
5829:Kaiserwald
5799:Buchenwald
5578:Luxembourg
5105:Atrocities
5020:Ideologues
4855:Syncretism
4780:Aryan race
4755:Propaganda
4703:Militarism
4684:Lebensraum
4647:Geopolitik
4575:Chauvinism
4463:Neo-Nazism
4301:Nazi Party
3509:Lifton, R.
2709:3 February
2498:26 January
2293:References
2285:Volksliste
2266:Reinrassig
2217:Lebensborn
2145:See also:
2126:Aryan race
1998:Fritz Lenz
1893:Neues Volk
1713:See also:
1622:Homosexual
1572:Erbkranken
1559:dissidents
1048:Mein Kampf
964:Literature
880:Ideologues
713:Syncretism
638:Aryan race
613:Propaganda
561:Militarism
542:Lebensraum
505:Geopolitik
431:Chauvinism
319:Neo-Nazism
160:Nazi Party
7021:Education
6916:Aftermath
6828:Aftermath
6790:Trawnikis
6714:Wehrmacht
6709:Waffen-SS
6509:Białystok
6337:Bucharest
6309:Marseille
6186:Elsewhere
6147:Białystok
5959:Breendonk
5936:Treblinka
5789:Auschwitz
5573:Lithuania
5114:Action T4
5084:Rosenberg
5064:Haushofer
5009:Streicher
4795:Nordicism
4740:New Order
4431:Anschluss
4227:Ahnenerbe
3892:(1): E2.
3874:1069-3181
3208:0098-7921
2811:JHU Press
2408:0586-7614
2088:Hollerith
2019:Aktion T4
1974:Action T4
1831:dysgenics
1768:Auschwitz
1699:Erbpflege
1662:Aktion T4
1588:Epileptic
1183:Symbolism
1168:Occultism
1143:Heathenry
1107:Christmas
1095:Ariosophy
942:Rosenberg
922:Haushofer
867:Streicher
653:Nordicism
598:New Order
287:Anschluss
86:Ahnenerbe
7006:Academia
6459:Piaśnica
6429:Babi Yar
6357:Jedwabne
6296:Roundups
6229:Judenrat
6193:Budapest
5964:Mechelen
5926:Majdanek
5883:Stutthof
5844:Majdanek
5739:by Poles
5697:Portugal
5675:Response
5666:Timeline
5644:Overview
5506:Slovakia
5493:Bulgaria
5420:Category
5359:Glossary
5074:von List
5029:Baeumler
4964:Goebbels
4949:Heydrich
4929:Eichmann
4785:Aryanism
4750:Populism
4641:Eugenics
4531:Ideology
4494:Genocide
4085:(1991).
4056:11600445
4013:19759092
3947:10681287
3918:16536874
3826:29103267
3787:12817666
3719:15282346
3578:(2003).
3511:(1986).
3412:(1995).
3329:(1994).
3310:(1991).
3243:(1994).
3224:11655915
3075:Archived
3059:34705047
3002:(1961).
2980:(1876).
2955:16536874
2900:1 August
2875:(2005).
2857:1 August
2801:(2008).
2426:19759092
2168:See also
1986:gas vans
1864:eugenics
1860:Völkisch
1692:loanword
1653:heredity
1630:intersex
1487:eugenics
1433:Category
1372:Glossary
1088:Religion
932:von List
887:Baeumler
822:Goebbels
807:Heydrich
787:Eichmann
643:Aryanism
608:Populism
498:Eugenics
390:Ideology
353:Genocide
7104:Ableism
7033:Lessons
6469:Rumbula
6342:Dorohoi
6323:Pogroms
6275:Victims
6125:Ghettos
6057:Gas van
6045:Methods
6019:Schoorl
5997:Bolzano
5945:Transit
5931:Sobibor
5921:Chełmno
5888:Vaivara
5824:Hinzert
5769:ghettos
5722:Vatican
5628:Croatia
5618:Ukraine
5608:Belarus
5598:Romania
5550:Hungary
5533:Germany
5523:Estonia
5518:Denmark
5488:Belgium
5483:Austria
5478:Albania
5354:Economy
5321:Related
5313:Economy
5149:Germany
5147:Outside
5089:Schmitt
4974:Lammers
4954:Himmler
4924:Drexler
4914:Daluege
4909:Bormann
4735:New Man
4514:Pogroms
4499:Ghettos
4333:History
4047:1084095
4004:2800142
3955:6202732
3909:1484488
3818:7717603
3764:9227388
3755:1296317
3604:Press,
3241:Aly, G.
3216:1972501
3165:Himmler
3024:9830111
2946:1484488
2753:. See:
2417:2800142
2162:embryos
2135:fiancée
2095:Hamburg
2080:Dehomag
1970:Hadamar
1844:In his
1695:Eugenik
1690:". The
1671:decrees
1615:and/or
1367:Economy
947:Schmitt
832:Lammers
812:Himmler
782:Drexler
772:Daluege
767:Bormann
593:New Man
373:Pogroms
358:Ghettos
192:History
6939:Bricha
6705:(Orpo)
6578:Others
6564:Żegota
6526:Rescue
6504:Warsaw
6464:Ponary
6374:Kaunas
6177:Warsaw
6162:Lublin
6152:Kraków
6139:Poland
5983:Drancy
5916:Belzec
5893:Warsaw
5804:Dachau
5712:Turkey
5707:Sweden
5633:Serbia
5613:Russia
5593:Poland
5588:Norway
5568:Latvia
5538:Greece
5528:France
5342:Cinema
5323:topics
5308:Cinema
5079:Müller
5049:Eckart
4969:Göring
4959:Hitler
4919:Dönitz
4765:Racism
4718:Racial
4656:Heimat
4267:NSDStB
4209:Nazism
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1852:Sparta
1645:insane
1513:" or "
1511:Nordic
1499:Nazism
1355:Cinema
1075:(1930)
1065:(1928)
1053:(1925)
1041:(1923)
1029:(1922)
1017:(1919)
1005:(1916)
995:(1903)
985:(1899)
975:(1855)
937:Müller
907:Eckart
827:Göring
817:Hitler
777:Dönitz
623:Racism
576:Racial
514:Heimat
126:NSDStB
61:Nazism
7053:Humor
7026:Films
6723:Units
6454:Odesa
6304:Izieu
6218:Vilna
6203:Minsk
6198:Kovno
6172:Radom
6036:Sereď
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5834:Kauen
5765:Camps
5702:Spain
5687:Japan
5561:Libya
5555:Italy
5402:Women
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5054:Feder
5039:Darré
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797:Frick
792:Frank
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571:Ethno
121:NSDÄB
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6699:(SD)
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6347:Iași
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6167:Lwów
6157:Łódź
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