640:
269:
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651:
276:, at Aurora in the Western Cape of South Africa. The English portion of the inscription reads: "This is the site of the Maclear Beacon positioned in 1838 near the original North Terminal of the Arc of Meridian positioned by Abbé de Lacaille, the first surveyor to introduce Geodetic Surveying into South Africa." Open the image to see the Afrikaans portion.
434:, captained by the noted hydrographer Jean-Baptiste d'Après de Mannevillette, Lacaille became conscious of the difficulties in determining positions at sea. On his return to Paris he prepared the first set of tables of the Moon's position that was accurate enough to use for determining time and longitude by the method of 'Lunars' (
44:
486:
its name. His last public lecture, given on 14 September 1761 at the Royal
Academy of Sciences, summarised the improvements to astronomy that had occurred during his lifetime, to which he had made no small contribution. His death, probably caused in part by over-work, occurred in 1762. He was buried
454:
said of him that, during a comparatively short life, he had made more observations and calculations than all the astronomers of his time put together. The quality of his work rivalled its quantity, while the disinterestedness and rectitude of his moral character earned him universal respect.
296:. The primary result of his two-year stay was the observations of nearly 10,000 southern stars, the production of which required observing every night for over a year. In the course of his survey he took note of 42 nebulous objects. He also achieved his aim of determining the lunar and solar
948:
The traditional birth date of 15 March 1713 has been questioned due to many infants of the
Catholic Church being baptised on the day of their birth in the 17th and 18th centuries. His baptism date is 15 December 1713; babies were normally baptised on the day that they were
916:
1645:
248:, where he constructed a small observatory fitted for his own use. He was the author of a number of influential textbooks and a firm advocate of Newtonian gravitational theory. His students included
639:
1635:
820:
for the beginning of the year 1750: from the observations of the Abbé de
Lacaille, made at the cap of Good Hope in the years 1751 and 1752; with a preface by Sir J. F. W. Herschel
1411:
1371:
193:. He was left destitute in 1731 by the death of his father, who had held a post in the household of the duchess of VendĂ´me. However, he was supported in his studies by the
1630:
1620:
1498:
268:
508:
280:
His desire to determine the distances of the planets trigonometrically, using the longest possible baseline, led him to propose, in 1750, an expedition to the
1376:
1615:
1507:
285:
394:, while recuperating from an illness at the Cape nearly seventy years later, suggested that Lacaille's latitude observations had been affected by the
1625:
1404:
1491:
1640:
1346:
Journal historique du voyage fait au Cap de Bonne-Espérance par feu M. l'abbé de La Caille..., Paris, Guillyn, 1763. This work was edited by
1327:
1246:
1191:
1001:
899:
967:
1650:
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843:
382:
observations. There is a memorial to his work at a location near Aurora, pictured here. His result suggested that the Earth was more
232:. The success of this difficult operation, which occupied two years, and achieved the correction of the anomalous result published by
1484:
1341:
1310:
500:
1262:
515:
150:
1334:
Travels at the Cape, 1751–53: an annotated translation of
Journal historique du voyage fait au Cap de Bonne-Espérance ...
708:
He communicated to the
Academy in 1755 a classed catalogue of forty two southern nebulae, and gave in t. ii. of his
1204:
613:
609:
411:
194:
435:
467:, Lacaille was distressed to find himself an object of public attention. He resumed his work at the Mazarin College.
304:
serving as an intermediary). This work required near-simultaneous observations from Europe which were carried out by
1476:
1655:
1539:
921:
542:
395:
241:
237:
835:"Planisphere contenant les Constellations Celestes comprises entre le Pole Austral et le Tropique du Capricorne",
1336:; transl. and ed. by R. Raven-Hart. Cape Town: A.A. Balkema for the Friends of the South African Library, 1976
857:(1776), 2nd ed., plate 29. (French)* "Planisphere des Etoiles les Australes dressé par M. i'Abbé de la Caille",
791:
359:
1579:
1529:
773:"Stellarum longitudines & latitudines verae ad annum ineuntum 1750, Earum praecipue quae Zodiacales sunt",
582:
1238:
993:
788:
seu, Observationes ad
Construendum Stellarum Australium Catalogum Institutae: in Africa ad Caput Bonae-Spei
712:(1755) practical rules for the employment of the lunar method of longitudes, proposing in his additions to
1448:
1039:
439:
328:
1554:
1544:
765:
novissimis solis et stellarum observationibus stabilita, Lutetiae in
Collegio mazarineo et in Africa ad
557:
547:
479:
375:
355:
320:
1295:
Jean-Baptiste Joseph
Delambre, Histoire de l'astronomie au Dix-Huitième siècle, Paris, Bachelier, 1827.
383:
190:
959:
746:"Table des Ascensions Droites et des Declinaisons Apparentes des Etoiles australes renfermées dans le
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1605:
1464:
1085:
1077:
1069:
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162:
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891:
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253:
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1018:
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186:
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594:
488:
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627:
In honor of his contribution to the study of the southern hemisphere sky, a 60-cm telescope at
1337:
1323:
1306:
1242:
1232:
1187:
997:
895:
766:
760:"Stellarum ascensiones rectae verae & declinationes verae ad Epocham anni ineuntis 1750",
483:
335:
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249:
236:
in 1718, was mainly due to
Lacaille's industry and skill. He was rewarded by admission to the
174:
139:
92:
64:
1152:
1059:
399:
797:"Catalogue suivant des principales Étoiles du Ciel, pour le commencement de l'Anee 1750",
410:, who was Astronomer Royal at the Cape, repeated the measurements over a longer baseline (
339:
233:
229:
209:
182:
130:
1270:
1042:(February 1890), "Investigation of errors in Lacaille's Coelum Australe Stelliferum, I",
442:. Lacaille was in fact an indefatigable calculator. Apart from constructing astronomical
17:
1055:
934:
1347:
713:
407:
387:
324:
273:
802:, pour dix annees, depuis 1765 jusqu'en 1775, et pour le meridien de la ville de Paris
741:, pour dix années, depuis 1755 jusqu'en 1765, et pour le meridien de la ville de Paris
503:. He was also an honorary member of the academies of Saint Petersburg and Berlin, the
1599:
1420:
1367:
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1157:
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605:
504:
391:
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316:
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363:
158:
1384:
814:
751:
1186:
Thomas Hockey et al. The
Biographical Dictionary of Astronomers, Springer, 2007,
1174:
Verification and Extension of Lacaille's Arc of Meridian at the Cape of Good Hope
799:
781:
762:
738:
1584:
698:
617:
587:
315:, was published posthumously in 1763. He found it necessary to introduce 14 new
293:
154:
688:(in French). Paris: Hippolyte Louis Guérin & Louis François Delatour. 1764.
650:
1440:
809:Éphémérides des mouvemens célestes, pour dix annees, depuis 1765 jusqu'en 1775
654:
628:
142:
1208:
482:. He carried out calculations on comet orbits and was responsible for giving
1574:
1315:
693:
Calculations by him of eclipses for eighteen hundred years were inserted in
577:
464:
443:
419:
403:
367:
351:
289:
213:
146:
134:; 15 March 1713 – 21 March 1762), formerly sometimes spelled
109:
864:"Planisphere des Etoiles les Australes dressé par M. i'Abbé de la Caille",
853:"Planisphere des Etoiles les Australes dressé par M. i'Abbé de la Caille",
474:, containing a list of about 400 bright stars with positions corrected for
430:
During his voyage to the southern hemisphere as a passenger on the vessel
1102:
Everest, George (1821). "On the Triangulation of the Cape of Good Hope".
602:
532:
297:
178:
770:(1757), pp. 233–237. (containing a standard catalogue of 398 stars)
1380:. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 35.
447:
221:
208:. He concentrated thereafter on science, and, through the patronage of
205:
1303:
Lacaille: astronomer, traveller; with a new translation of his journal
736:"Remarques sur le Catalogue suivant des principales Étoiles du Ciel",
200:
After he graduated, he did not accept ordination as a priest but took
1564:
1559:
1534:
1524:
1519:
1456:
822:(1847), giving zone observations of about 10,000 stars, re-edited by
567:
562:
537:
527:
522:
217:
201:
43:
1063:
1569:
1361:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
757:(1756), pp. 539–592. (describing fourteen new constellations)
649:
638:
572:
267:
598:
323:, the only constellation named after a terrestrial feature (the
301:
1480:
1393:
181:
in eastern France, he attended school in Mantes-sur-Seine (now
608:(AKA 7609 P-L and 1994 EK6), discovered on 17 October 1960 by
1646:
Honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
859:
Recueil de Planches de l'Encyclopédie par ordre de matieres
1205:"TÉLESCOPE LACAILLE DE 60CM DES MAKES (ILE DE LA RÉUNION)"
1068:
Note that there are three other parts to this study. Cf.
644:
Leçons elementaires d'astronomie, géométrique et physique
463:
On his return to Paris in 1754, following a diversion to
185:). Afterwards, he studied rhetoric and philosophy at the
1385:
Virtual exhibition on Paris Observatory digital library
288:. There, he constructed an observatory on the shore of
1508:
Constellations introduced by Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille
1231:
Thompson, Robert; Thompson, Barbara Fritchman (2007).
1263:"Lacaille's "Catalog of Nebulae of the Southern Sky""
816:
A catalogue of 9766 stars in the southern hemisphere,
1320:
Nicolas-Louis de La Caille, Astronomer and Geodesist
1176:. Vol. I. Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty.
990:
Nicolas-Louis de La Caille. Astronomer and Geodesist
319:which have since become standard. One of these was
240:and appointment as Professor of mathematics in the
105:
88:
72:
50:
34:
446:and mathematical tables, he calculated a table of
414:) and ultimately confirmed Everest's conjecture.
657:is a globular cluster discovered in 16 June 1752.
402:of Table Mountain at the southern end and by the
256:, both of whom were later guillotined during the
1636:Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
499:In 1754, he was elected a foreign member of the
1350:, who attached a discourse on La Caille's life.
679:(1746); 4th edition augmented by Lalande (1779)
386:towards the south pole than towards the north.
153:. From 1750 to 1754, he studied the sky at the
487:in the vaults of the Mazarin College, now the
161:. Lacaille observed over 10,000 stars using a
1492:
1405:
228:, for which he is honoured with a pyramid at
8:
839:1752 (1756), p. 590, plate 20. (French)
807:"Observations sur 515 Ă©toiles du Zodiaque",
1499:
1485:
1477:
1412:
1398:
1390:
888:The Biographical Dictionary of Astronomers
31:
1631:Members of the French Academy of Sciences
1621:Academic staff of the University of Paris
1234:Illustrated guide to astronomical wonders
1156:
1019:"Star Tales – Lacaille's southern survey"
346:in the southern hemisphere. He set out a
1322:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013
878:
720:(1760) the model of a nautical almanac.
331:found a considerable number of errors.
292:with the support of the Dutch Governor
286:Roland-Michel Barrin de La Galissonière
272:A memorial to the Abbé de Lacaille and
1120:. Astronomical Society of South Africa
631:will be named the Lacaille Telescope.
327:). An 1890 study of this catalogue by
753:Memoires Academie Royale des Sciences
418:was erected on the Table Mountain in
129:
7:
886:Hockey, Thomas; et al. (2007).
868:(1795), 3rd ed., plate 29. (French)
663:Leçons élémentaires de Mathématiques
284:. This was officially sanctioned by
224:, then, in 1739, in remeasuring the
1269:. 18 September 2007. Archived from
861:(1789), vol. 7, plate 3. (French)
800:Éphémérides des mouvemens célestes
739:Éphémérides des mouvemens célestes
25:
1616:People from Ardennes (department)
780:"Stellarum Australium Catalogus",
514:Lacaille has the honor of naming
501:Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
472:Astronomiae Fundamenta Novissimus
1354:
1158:10.1046/j.1468-4004.2002.43225.x
960:"Abbé Nicolas Louis de Lacaille"
511:, and the Institute of Bologna.
212:, obtained employment, first in
42:
1626:18th-century French astronomers
968:University of Wisconsin–Madison
422:to help with the verification.
362:he then measured a 137 km
311:His southern catalogue, called
264:Voyage to the Cape of Good Hope
27:French astronomer and geodesist
1139:Warner, Brian (1 April 2002).
438:) using the orbital theory of
378:of the end points by means of
197:, his father's former patron.
1:
917:"Le Bicentenaire de Lacaille"
685:Leçons élémentaires d'optique
1641:Fellows of the Royal Society
665:(1741), frequently reprinted
624:, was also named after him.
614:Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld
610:Cornelis Johannes van Houten
848:Coelum australe stelliferum
783:Coelum australe stelliferum
695:L'Art de vérifier les dates
516:14 different constellations
354:plain north of present-day
313:Coelum Australe Stelliferum
1672:
1651:Catholic clergy scientists
1372:Lacaille, Nicolas Louis de
1104:Memoirs Roy. Astr. Society
866:Atlas Celeste de Flamsteed
855:Atlas Celeste de Flamsteed
509:Royal Society of Göttingen
406:at the northern. In 1838,
396:deflection of the vertical
131:[nikɔlalwidəlakaj]
1515:
1432:
1305:. Tucson: Pachart, 1992
777:(1757), pp. 238–239.
470:In 1757 he published his
412:Maclear's arc measurement
238:Royal Academy of Sciences
189:and then theology at the
123:Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille
115:
98:
41:
36:Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille
18:Nicolas Louis de Lacaille
1145:Astronomy and Geophysics
837:Mem. de l'Ac. R. des Sc.
811:, (1763) pp. lxv-lxxvii.
400:gravitational attraction
338:, Lacaille performed an
149:who named 14 out of the
1377:Encyclopædia Britannica
1207:. IMCCE. Archived from
1141:"Lacaille 250 years on"
994:Oxford University Press
743:(1755), pp. xlix-lxiii.
204:'s orders, becoming an
1267:SEDS' Messier Database
804:(1763), pp. lvii-lxiv.
775:Astronomiae fundamenta
763:Astronomiae fundamenta
748:tropique du Capricorne
658:
647:
376:astronomical latitudes
277:
1118:"Arc of the Meridian"
1106:. I, pt. II: 255–270.
653:
642:
380:astronomical-geodetic
271:
1461:le Voilure du Navire
1239:O'Reilly Media, Inc.
1172:Maclear, T. (1866).
1044:Astronomical Journal
988:Glass, I.S. (2013).
794:), pp. 139–158.
718:Traité de Navigation
601:is named after him.
163:refracting telescope
1453:la Pouppe du Navire
1332:N.L. de La Caille:
1211:on 12 December 2011
1090:1890AJ.....10...17G
1082:1890AJ.....10....1G
1074:1890AJ......9..169G
1056:1890AJ......9..145G
935:1913LAstr..27..457B
915:Boquet, F. (1913).
892:Springer Publishing
790:(1763), (edited by
622:Palomar Observatory
344:radius of the Earth
254:Jean Sylvain Bailly
246:University of Paris
226:French meridian arc
1445:le Corps du Navire
1443:) subdivided into
659:
648:
507:of London and the
489:Institut de France
404:Piketberg Mountain
374:, determining the
278:
191:Collège de Navarre
187:Collège de Lisieux
1656:French geodesists
1593:
1592:
1474:
1473:
1328:978-0-19-966840-3
1248:978-0-596-52685-6
1192:978-0-387-31022-0
1003:978-0-19-966840-3
901:978-0-387-31022-0
703:Charles Clémencet
342:to determine the
282:Cape of Good Hope
258:French Revolution
250:Antoine Lavoisier
155:Cape of Good Hope
151:88 constellations
119:
118:
100:Scientific career
16:(Redirected from
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1151:(2): 2.25–2.26.
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1050:(211): 145–152,
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906:
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883:
767:Caput Bonae-Spei
689:
450:for 1800 years.
416:Maclear's Beacon
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60:
58:
46:
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21:
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1370:, ed. (1911). "
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1287:
1286:
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1274:
1273:on 26 June 2018
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1237:. DIY science.
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958:
957:
953:
947:
943:
939:(See page 459.)
914:
913:
909:
902:
894:. p. 665.
885:
884:
880:
875:
850:(1763). (Latin)
844:Coelum Australe
832:
733:
724:Tabulae Solares
682:
672:(1743), &c.
637:
497:
461:
436:Lunar distances
428:
364:arc of meridian
340:arc measurement
266:
242:Mazarin college
234:Jacques Cassini
230:Juvisy-sur-Orge
216:the coast from
210:Jacques Cassini
183:Mantes-la-Jolie
171:
157:in present-day
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1423:subdivided by
1421:Constellations
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1368:Chisholm, Hugh
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1299:David S. Evans
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1064:10.1086/101322
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1017:Ridpath, Ian.
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964:astro.wisc.edu
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731:Star catalogue
729:
728:
727:
721:
714:Pierre Bouguer
706:
691:
680:
673:
666:
646:, 1755 edition
636:
633:
629:RĂ©union Island
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484:Halley's Comet
460:
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408:Thomas Maclear
388:George Everest
325:Table Mountain
317:constellations
306:JĂ©rĂ´me Lalande
274:Thomas Maclear
265:
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195:Duc de Bourbon
170:
167:
117:
116:
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82:
80:(aged 49)
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1363:public domain
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792:J. D. Maraldi
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360:triangulation
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83:Paris, France
76:21 March 1762
75:
71:
66:
61:15 March 1713
53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
1550:Microscopium
1460:
1452:
1444:
1436:
1424:
1375:
1348:Abbé Carlier
1333:
1319:
1302:
1275:. Retrieved
1271:the original
1266:
1257:
1233:
1226:
1213:. Retrieved
1209:the original
1199:
1182:
1173:
1167:
1148:
1144:
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1122:. Retrieved
1112:
1103:
1097:
1047:
1043:
1040:Gould, B. A.
1034:
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1012:
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983:
971:. Retrieved
963:
954:
944:
926:
922:L'Astronomie
920:
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709:
694:
684:
677:d'Astronomie
676:
670:de MĂ©canique
669:
662:
643:
626:
593:The crater "
592:
553:Microscopium
513:
498:
471:
469:
462:
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429:
398:, caused by
333:
312:
310:
279:
199:
172:
159:South Africa
136:de la Caille
135:
122:
120:
99:
78:(1762-03-21)
29:
1611:1762 deaths
1606:1713 births
1585:Telescopium
973:18 February
929:: 457–473.
710:Ephémérides
699:Benedictine
690:2nd edition
618:Tom Gehrels
588:Telescopium
444:ephemerides
432:Le Glorieux
329:B. A. Gould
321:Mons Mensae
294:Ryk Tulbagh
89:Citizenship
1600:Categories
1540:Horologium
1510:after 1756
1441:Argo Navis
1316:I.S. Glass
1290:References
1215:1 December
1024:24 January
992:. Oxford:
701:historian
655:Messier 55
635:Main works
543:Horologium
491:in Paris.
476:aberration
459:Later life
298:parallaxes
143:astronomer
57:1713-03-15
1575:Reticulum
1437:le Navire
1124:27 August
755:pour 1752
597:" on the
595:La Caille
578:Reticulum
465:Mauritius
426:Computing
420:Cape Town
390:, of the
384:flattened
368:Cape Town
352:Swartland
290:Table Bay
214:surveying
169:Biography
147:geodesist
110:Astronomy
1580:Sculptor
1530:Circinus
1425:Lacaille
1221:(French)
830:Star map
824:F. Baily
603:Asteroid
583:Sculptor
533:Circinus
480:nutation
448:eclipses
440:Clairaut
366:between
358:. Using
348:baseline
179:Ardennes
173:Born at
138:, was a
67:, France
1459:), and
1427:in 1756
1365::
1086:Bibcode
1078:Bibcode
1070:Bibcode
1052:Bibcode
931:Bibcode
495:Honours
452:Lalande
356:Darling
350:in the
244:of the
222:Bayonne
177:in the
175:Rumigny
127:French:
65:Rumigny
1565:Pictor
1560:Octans
1535:Fornax
1525:Caelum
1520:Antlia
1457:Puppis
1449:Carina
1359:
1340:
1326:
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1245:
1194:, p666
1190:
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1000:
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750:...",
726:(1758)
705:(1750)
675:ditto
668:ditto
568:Pictor
563:Octans
538:Fornax
528:Caelum
523:Antlia
372:Aurora
218:Nantes
202:deacon
140:French
106:Fields
93:French
1570:Pyxis
1555:Norma
1545:Mensa
1277:1 May
949:born.
873:Notes
573:Pyxis
558:Norma
548:Mensa
121:Abbé
1465:Vela
1338:ISBN
1324:ISBN
1307:ISBN
1279:2019
1243:ISBN
1217:2011
1188:ISBN
1126:2020
1026:2009
998:ISBN
975:2019
896:ISBN
616:and
599:Moon
478:and
370:and
336:Cape
302:Mars
252:and
206:Abbé
145:and
73:Died
51:Born
1451:),
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