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transferred into a
Bermudan trust for the upkeep of historic monuments. The structure of the mansion and ancillary buildings was largely in place, but van Hoogstraten fell out with architect Anthony Browne in 2000 and the site remained unfinished. Recent drone footage shows an abandoned building surrounded by scaffolding on which foliage is growing.
238:, Sussex, to Charles, a violent man who worked as a shipping agent importing meat from Argentina who was absent for long periods in South America, and Edna Brookes, a housewife. He disliked them both and has described his mother as being "a whining cow". The family also included two younger daughters. He was educated at a
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In
February 2018, a judge accepted van Hoogstraten's claim that he did not have the money or assets to pay the family. Describing van Hoogstraten's conduct as "wholly deplorable and contemptuous", Mr Justice Morgan said: "If there was any way I could make Mr van Hoogstraten pay for all this under the
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In the early part of 2005, Hoogstraten's strategy of dispensing with his own legal
Counsel and inexplicably mounting his own defence by acting in person, ignoring the Judge's advice to abandon such behaviour, led to the judgement on the 19 December 2005 in favour and for the family of Raja, in their
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finding against the council. Rarebargain, a company registered as owners of the land and connected to Van
Hoogstraten, had earlier been fined £86,350 for neglecting to restore the right of way. The fine was not paid and the company was then in the process of being wound up. After six court cases, the
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that he had "no assets at all now in the UK", having placed those assets in the names of five children he has reportedly fathered with a series of
African girlfriends. Frequently interviewed in the Courtlands Hotel in Hove, it is a property with which he has "close connections", but which is legally
478:(a lethal weapon). Because of this omission, Judge Mitchell decided that Hoogstraten could not have anticipated that Raja might have been killed and he acquitted Hoogstraten of manslaughter. He was released in December after a potential retrial for manslaughter was found to have no legal foundation.
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On 3 July 2009, after he had reputedly changed his name to
Nicholas Adolf von Hessen by deed poll, it was reported that a Zimbabwe court had dismissed the charges of illegal currency dealing and possession of pornography: the police were unable to produce the officer who had allegedly caught him on
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On the morning of 2 July 1999, two of
Hoogstraten's hired thugs, disguised as handymen, arrived at Raja's residence. When Raja answered the door to them, a fight broke out. Raja was stabbed five times in the heart and neck and was shot in the head twice at point blank range, dying as a consequence.
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Some time in the early 1980s, Hoogstraten began a business relationship with
Mohammed Sabir Raja, an immigrant from Pakistan who worked in Brighton as an estate agent and landlord. Hoogstraten lent money to Raja at a lower rate than the banks, and the loans were not recorded on paper so as to avoid
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Van
Hoogstraten was not held guilty of Raja's murder or manslaughter under English criminal law, which requires a jury to be "certain so as to be sure of guilt" rather than operating on balance of probabilities. He allegedly told the BBC that Raja's family "will never get a penny". He explained to
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Raja gave
Hoogstraten the deeds to some of his properties. Raja also signed some blank property transfer forms and gave them to Hoogstraten. Hoogstraten could then fill in the name of any of Raja's properties on these forms and thereby transfer ownership to himself, which he promised to do if Raja
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Their relationship went well until the housing-price bubble burst in 1989. Raja failed to foresee the drop in prices and kept buying, which eventually put him in financial trouble. In desperation, Raja raised a building society mortgage on a property for which he already owed money to Hoogstraten.
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described Hoogstraten as "a sort of self-imagined devil who likes to think of himself as an emissary of Beelzebub". Thinking Hoogstraten had "built up a picture of himself as a sinister international figure", he believed Hoogstraten was little more than "a child, a Walter Mitty character who will
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In October 1993, Raja went to the High Court alleging breach of trust, demanded the return of the property deeds he had lodged with Hoogstraten, and alleged that Hoogstraten had fraudulently seized his properties using blank transfer forms. In April 1998, Raja sued Hoogstraten for conspiracy and
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When neighbours called for the property to be used for the homeless in early 2016, van Hoogstraten said in a statement: "The 'homeless' – the majority of whom are so by their own volition or sheer laziness – are one of the filthiest burdens on the public purse today. The chance of my offering an
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he intends for himself. Under English law, perpetual trusts are only allowed in the upkeep of monuments and graves. By using the palace as a mausoleum, van Hoogstraten's trust would legally own the buildings and their fittings in perpetuity after his death. A large portion of his wealth has been
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Residents of 2-6 Palmeira Square in Hove took van Hoogstraten to court in September 1999 alleging he had used multiple aliases as a shadow director of Saga Properties (which owned the freehold in 1991) to indicate interests in the flats to block a property deal on the freehold. The residents had
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on 12 November 1967. Braunstein's son David owed a debt to Hoogstraten over a failed textile business they had jointly owned. Hoogstraten had become dissatisfied with a repayment arrangement the two men had made. According to evidence given in court by Sylvia Braunstein, the wife of Braunstein
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In 2005, he announced plans to take over NMB, a major Zimbabwe bank, though he sold his stake in the bank for over £1 million in late 2007. In 2009, it was reported he had been "a generous contributor to Mugabe's Zanu (PF) party and bought into several large state-owned companies".
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eventually gained the right to the deal, which enabled them to buy the property, after a three-year legal case. They took van Hoogstraten to court in 1999 to recoup their £200,000 legal costs, a case which they also eventually won. In May 2000, van Hoogstraten was fined £1,500 in
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senior, Hoogstraten had announced during a threatening altercation at the Braunsteins' home, where he had regularly dined: "I'm a Fascist, and a Nazi, didn't you know that? If I wanted, I could pay £50 to men in London to get every Jew in Brighton bumped off".
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opportunity for them to occupy Hamilton Palace is just ludicrous." He also denied that the project had stalled, saying "Even the most moronic of peasants would be able to see from the pictures that we have been busy landscaping the grounds of the Palace."
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defaulted on his loans (this was not the first time Raja had done this with Hoogstraten). Raja did default, and Hoogstraten in turn seized some of Raja's properties using those forms. Hoogstraten and Raja began arguing over how much money was still owed.
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The preliminary hearing for the retrial was held at the Old Bailey on 17 November 2003, before the High Court Judge, Sir Stephen Mitchell. In his summary to the jury, Judge Newman neglected to mention that one of the thugs who killed Raja possessed a
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as collateral. Many borrowers were unable to maintain his unreasonable payment terms and defaulted on their loans, losing their properties to him and enabling him to build up a substantial property portfolio along the south coast and in London.
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the currency charge and they had seized the pornography without a warrant. Van Hoogstraten has said he uses many pseudonyms to conceal his involvement in property dealings in apparent contravention of UK company directorship laws, He told
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in January 2006. Also in 1972, he was fined for forcible entry and conspiracy to cause damage. Around 1979, he was fined £200 for punching and kicking a bailiff. During the 1980s, he was cleared of harassing tenants, but fined £1,500 for
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crossing the land around the mansion. In 1990, he had the public paths blocked with razor wire and a pile of discarded refrigerators. In 2000, he described his opponents in the case as being "a bunch of disenfranchised perverts".
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grow out of all this nonsense". Van Hoogstraten said of the grenade attack in 2000: "It seems a bit distasteful to me now, but back then when I was young ... these weren't anarchists, they were businessmen, respectable people".
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He was sentenced to a four-year prison sentence in May 1968, and sentenced to a further four-year sentence the following August, to run concurrently, after an appeal. In the second case, he was found guilty on eight counts of
644:", the anti-hero of the song is an unscrupulous businessman, "infamous for fifteen minutes", who is compared with "Nicholas van Whats-his-face", considered by many critics to be a transparent reference to van Hoogstraten.
556:, which is forbidden under Zimbabwean law. He was charged with violating the Censorship Act by possessing pornographic photographs; women in "indecent poses", a proportion of which also featured van Hoogstraten himself.
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On the site of the former High Cross House, a former nursing home destroyed by a fire of unknown cause, van Hoogstraten began constructing a private mansion he called Hamilton Palace, at Palehouse Common near
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decided that "although he clearly wanted Mr Raja harmed, there is no evidence that he had intended Mr Raja to be murdered". This conviction was subsequently quashed by the Court of Appeal in July 2003.
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In 2002, a Ramblers' campaigner took legal action against a decision by the East Sussex county council to divert the 140-year old Framfield path which crosses Van Hoogstraten's estate resulting in the
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in 2006, that he pays for the education of three children in every school in Zimbabwe: "Actually, it doesn't cost a lot of money in real terms, but I've set up things like that that will continue".
486:, after the court found that on the balance of probabilities "that the recruitment of the two thugs was for the purpose of murdering Mr Raja and not merely to frighten, threaten or hurt him".
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of a business rival; the verdict was overturned on appeal and he was subsequently released, but in 2005 he was ordered to pay the victim's family £6 million in a civil case.
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for contempt of court for his reference the previous September to barrister Graham Campbell during the case: "You dirty bastard. In due course you are going to have it."
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right of way was finally cleared in 2003 with the removal of a pair of industrial refrigeration units, half-a-dozen concrete piles, barbed wire and other impediments.
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By 1980, aged 35, he owned more than 2,000 properties. He later sold the majority of his housing to invest outside Britain, chiefly in mining and farming interests in
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palace features a copper dome. The enormous edifice is intended to house his private collection of art, currently stored in Switzerland, and includes a marble
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In 1968, he was convicted and sent to prison for four years after paying a gang to attack a business associate. In 2002, he was sentenced to 10 years for the
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By the age of 22, adding the "van" to his name at this stage, he owned 350 properties in Sussex and was reputedly Britain's youngest millionaire, although
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In July 2002, van Hoogstraten was sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment for the manslaughter of Raja, after being found not guilty of murder: a jury at the
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and bought houses very cheaply because of rent controls, but specialised in "persuading" tenants to move out, using threatening practices associated with
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A huge mansion, Hamilton Palace, near Uckfield in East Sussex, which Van Hoogstraten began building in the mid-1980s, remains unfinished and uninhabited.
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that, as a result of loaning £10 million to Mugabe, "In six months' time, when the interest is due, it would be cheaper for them to just kill me".
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532:, whom he described as "100 per cent decent and incorruptible"; van Hoogstraten has said he " believe in democracy, I believe in rule by the fittest".
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1587:"Raja v Van Hoogstraten | [2005] EWHC 2890 (Ch) | England and Wales High Court (Chancery Division) | Judgment | Law | CaseMine"
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His father, Charles, was a violent, dominating figure who was absent for long periods as a wine steward on a shipping line.
633:-protected apartment block in west London, which he had bought. Udwin played a fictionalised version of herself, alongside
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with an initial investment of £1,000 realised from the sale of his stamp collection. On his return to the UK, he moved to
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after saying of a judge, "I'll get him in ten years time." In the early 1980s his businesses were restructured after the
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Hoogstraten was arrested immediately after his release. In October 1972, he was sentenced to a further 15 months for
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1355:"Drone shots of Hamilton Palace in Uckfield offer fresh glimpse of half-built estate bigger than Buckingham Palace"
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in 2000: "I've actually called myself, in the past, Yogi Bear. And I've had properties registered in that name."
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On 13 August 1988, van Hoogstraten made an extended appearance on the British television discussion programme
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anthology series (19 March 1989), was a fictionalised account of the legal victory won by the actress
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216:; born 25 February 1945) is a British businessman involved in property and a convicted criminal.
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On 26 January 2008, he was arrested in Harare for allegedly demanding payment in US dollars for
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Construction of the mansion began in 1985 and had cost around £40 million by 2006. The
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1635:"Hoogstraten sees off claim from estate of murdered rival Brighton and Hove landlord"
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Hoogstraten discovered this, and demanded additional security for his loans to Raja.
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against van Hoogstraten after his harassment of her and her fellow tenants in their
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1100:"Profile: Nicholas van Hoogstraten: Attila the landlord is back with a vengeance"
927:"Profile: Nicholas van Hoogstraten: Attila the landlord is back with a vengeance"
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792:"Zimbabwe court clears Nicholas van Hoogstraten of porn and currency charges"
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1312:"Inside the mind of a power-crazed slum landlord with delusions of grandeur"
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prison officers to smuggle him luxuries. He was freed on appeal. "I ran
1637:, brightonandhovenews.org, 27 February 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
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1165:"Von Hessen, and Yogi Bear: The many names of Britain's most notorious"
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sequestered his assets over a record unpaid tax bill of £5.3 million.
265:, someone he has defended. Hoogstraten built up his capital through a
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civil action against van Hoogstraten and were awarded £6 million by
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517:) in 1964, aged 19. At around the same time he became friends with
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1613:, Sky (United Kingdom); 26 January 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
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in 1967 and 1972 referred to this status as being "self-styled".
711:"Property baron Nicholas Van Hoogstraten is defiant to the last"
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from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
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1659:"Nicholas van Hoogstraten: Property Tycoon Held In Zimbabwe"
1625:, theargus.co.uk, 12 December 2003. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
1611:"Nicholas van Hoogstraten: Property Tycoon Held In Zimbabwe"
683:"Tycoon Nicholas von Hessen cleared over Hove car park row"
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At least one source says "wine steward on a shipping line".
1233:"Brighton tenants win costs of action to acquire freehold"
1285:"'Emissary of Beelzebub' who revels in his own notoriety"
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He was a close associate of the country's former leader
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in 2000, Hamilton Palace was named after the capital of
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into the house of Rabbi Bernard Braunstein, a Brighton
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Aged 22, he was convicted for paying a gang to throw a
1576:, BBC News, 19 December 2005. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
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paying taxes. Raja used this money to buy properties.
212:, formerly known as Adolph von Hessen better known as
864:"Slum landlord says his critics are moronic peasants"
1513:(22 July 2002), BBC News. Retrieved 26 January 2008.
1073:"'A self-imagined devil - an emissary of Beelzebub'"
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Property tycoon, entrepreneur, criminal, businessman
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420:and a legal battle with the local authority over a
416:He was involved in a long-running dispute with the
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1649:, BBC News, 22 July 2002. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
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253:for a year. He began his property business in the
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539:In January 2006, he stated in an interview with
1684:"Screen Two: Sitting Targets - BBC Two England"
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1201:"Property tycoon accused of threatening lawyer"
1016:"Explosives charge man 'was like one of family"
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708:Keevins, Barry; Simpson, John (7 March 2020).
379:in East Sussex in the mid-1980s. According to
1761:Nicholas Van Hoogstraten – Millionaire Killer
1342:Hamilton Palace designers A.J. Browne website
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300:Convictions, imprisonment and other incidents
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1455:"Path victory ramblers walk all over tycoon"
1378:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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337:when I was in there", he told Jane Kelly of
1818:– The Violent World of Nicholas Hoogstraten
1805:of news stories relating to Van Hoogstraten
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1134:"Jane Kelly meets Nicholas van Hoogstraten"
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1259:"Property millionaire fined for contempt"
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127:Learn how and when to remove this message
1529:"Hoogstraten freed after winning appeal"
1396:"Landlord condemns ramblers as perverts"
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986:"Van Hoogstraten's life of controversy"
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393:, where van Hoogstraten owns property.
249:He left school aged 16, and joined the
1428:"Ramblers triumph on Hoogstraten path"
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509:Hoogstraten first bought an estate in
1793:Van Hoogstraten's life of controversy
1759:Walsh, Mike and Jordan, Don. (2003).
1452:Barkham, Patrick (11 February 2003).
1198:Verkaik, Robert (15 September 1999).
1041:"More inquiries over jail corruption"
7:
1816:Network DVD – World in Action Vol. 3
1661:, Sky News. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
1283:Millward, David (20 December 2005).
412:Aerial view of Hamilton Palace, 2002
1574:"Tycoon 'responsible for killing.'"
523:London and Rhodesian Mining Company
321:. At a further appeal in 1970, the
1671:"UK tycoon 'arrested in Zimbabwe'"
1426:Wilson, Jamie (21 November 2002).
956:Bennett, Owen (9 September 2000).
892:"I can find out where you live . "
752:Brockes, Emma (8 September 2000).
581:Van Hoogstraten in popular culture
269:business based in towns along the
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1540:from the original on 19 June 2022
1407:from the original on 19 June 2022
1323:from the original on 19 June 2022
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1176:from the original on 19 June 2022
1877:People acquitted of manslaughter
1857:English people of French descent
1847:English people of German descent
1623:"Hoogstraten: My life in prison"
1393:Moreton, Cole (27 August 2000).
1309:Morrison, James (28 July 2002).
1231:Pearson, Roger (28 March 2001).
889:Boggan, Steve (24 August 2004).
861:Low, Valentine (22 March 2016).
831:Barber, Lynn (15 January 2006).
521:, who was then in charge of the
157:Nicholas van Hoogstraten in 1988
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1887:British Merchant Navy personnel
1882:British expatriates in Zimbabwe
1852:English people of Dutch descent
1774:Mike Walsh; Don Jordan (2004).
1526:Clarke, Pat (8 December 2003).
1023:. 15 December 1967. p. 14.
637:as evil landlord Vincent Stott.
273:, where he would take property
1872:20th-century British criminals
1131:Kelly, Jane (8 January 2006).
362:Hamilton Palace (1985–present)
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1778:. John Blake Publishing Ltd.
1353:Boyd, Alex and Donelly, Tim.
1048:. 19 October 1972. p. 15
370:View of Hamilton Palace, 2015
1647:"An 'emissary of Beelzebub'"
619:, an episode in the BBC Two
501:law, I would gladly do it."
34:biography of a living person
1842:People from Shoreham-by-Sea
1559:Walsh & Jordan (2004).
1496:Walsh & Jordan (2004).
1481:Walsh & Jordan (2004).
1257:Kelso, Paul (19 May 2000).
210:Nicholas Marcel Hoogstraten
167:Nicholas Marcel Hoogstraten
61:must be removed immediately
1903:
1673:; retrieved 12 March 2014.
789:Raath, Jan (3 July 2009).
76:"Nicholas van Hoogstraten"
1401:The Independent on Sunday
1317:The Independent on Sunday
1170:The Independent on Sunday
958:"The original Nasty Nick"
562:The Independent on Sunday
206:Nicholas Adolf von Hessen
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1716:"Leslee Udwin interview"
234:Hoogstraten was born in
214:Nicholas van Hoogstraten
145:Nicholas van Hoogstraten
1745:Nicholas van Wotsisface
497:owned by his children.
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48:Please help by adding
1776:Blood and Retribution
1561:Blood and Retribution
1511:"Tycoon found guilty"
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754:"Even nastier Nick"
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1107:. 14 December 2003
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1785:978-1-85782-637-1
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992:. 26 January 2008
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1432:The Guardian
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1325:. Retrieved
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1263:The Guardian
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1077:The Scotsman
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994:. Retrieved
989:
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868:
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837:The Observer
836:
833:"Nasty Nick"
801:. Retrieved
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758:The Guardian
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720:. Retrieved
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691:. Retrieved
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627:Leslee Udwin
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607:Marie Jahoda
605:, alongside
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1689:Radio Times
1364:11 November
1359:Sussex Live
611:Owen Oyston
569:Lynn Barber
188:West Sussex
1826:Categories
1730:10 October
1726:Film. 2011
1694:BBC Genome
1564:, chpt. 18
1501:, chpt. 14
1486:, chpt. 12
1294:4 February
1144:4 February
1111:4 February
1052:4 February
996:4 February
843:4 February
763:4 February
669:References
622:Screen Two
602:After Dark
592:After Dark
505:Later life
467:Old Bailey
173:1945-02-25
117:March 2020
87:newspapers
1720:Spotlight
1700:9 October
1460:The Times
1237:EG Radius
1046:The Times
1021:The Times
897:The Times
869:The Times
797:The Times
716:The Times
402:mausoleum
283:The Times
190:, England
39:citations
1797:BBC News
1538:Archived
1466:22 April
1462:. London
1437:22 April
1411:22 April
1405:Archived
1374:cite web
1327:22 April
1321:Archived
1268:22 April
1242:22 April
1216:22 April
1210:Archived
1180:22 April
1174:Archived
1083:22 April
990:BBC News
967:22 April
938:22 April
903:22 April
899:. London
874:22 April
839:. London
799:. London
722:22 April
718:. London
693:22 April
687:BBC News
631:Rent Act
515:Rhodesia
511:Zimbabwe
377:Uckfield
294:Zimbabwe
244:Worthing
65:libelous
1799:website
803:5 March
458:fraud.
391:Bermuda
331:bribing
306:grenade
290:Nigeria
255:Bahamas
101:scholar
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1544:6 June
1536:. PA.
513:(then
310:cantor
240:Jesuit
208:(born
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649:Notes
550:rents
275:deeds
108:JSTOR
94:books
32:This
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1732:2017
1702:2017
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1380:link
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163:Born
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