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273:, M. Friedman and M. Friedland included the Anichkov's cholesterol theory in a list of great discoveries in medicine. During Anichkov's work as President of the Academy of Medical Sciences (1946–53) he participated in the foundation of a number of research institutes and research journals. In this period and later he created a research team in Russian pathology that consisted of 30 professors and many doctors.
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Pathology and head at
Department of pathology in North-West State Medical University named after I.I Mechnickov, St. Petersburg, Russia (1984-2019). All N. N. Anichkov's children and colleagues remembered him as a kind-hearted man who was always fair to his coworkers and good to his friends. He died on 7 December 1964 of a myocardial infarction.
167:. American biochemist D. Steinberg wrote: "If the full significance of his findings had been appreciated at the time, we might have saved more than 30 years in the long struggle to settle the cholesterol controversy and Anitschkow might have won a Nobel Prize". Anichkov elaborated on the doctrines of
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In 1920, Anichkov was appointed
Professor of the Department of Pathological physiology of the Military Medical Academy, a position that he held until 1939. He presented updates on atherosclerosis research at the Congresses in Berlin, Freiburg, Würzburg and Wiesbaden, and at meetings of the Swedish
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Anichkov was married twice. He had one son, Mily (1920–1991), who became a
Professor of Surgery and Colonel of Medical Corps. His grandson Nikolay M. Anichkov (born in 1941) is Professor of Pathology, Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, formerly Vice-President of the Russian Society of
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Society of
Pathologists, and the International Society of Geographic Pathology. In 1930, after the Congress in Osaka, he went to Tokyo, Niigata, and Kyoto, to deliver a lecture "On experimental atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries of the heart". He wrote a chapter in E.V. Cowdry's
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In 1939-46, the lieutenant-general of
Medical Corps Anichkov headed the Military Medical Academy's Department of Pathological anatomy. In 1942, Anichkov and A. I. Abrikosov received a State award for their textbook
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In 1912, Anichkov moved to
Freiburg to work under German pathologist L. Aschoff. The latter was interested in Anichkov's experimental work done in Russia. In Germany he became the first to describe
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Doctor of
Medicine (1909), Doctor of Sciences (1912), Professor of Pathology (1920), lieutenant-general of Medical Corps, State award holder (1940), Fellow of the
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His father, Nikolay M. Anichkov (1844–1916), was a representative of ancient
Russian nobility and held the position of Vice-Minister of Education of the
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234:. By histologically analyzing the development of atherosclerotic plaque, Anichkov identified the cell types involved in the atherosclerotic process:
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183:. His mother, L. I. Vasiliyeva (1859–1924), was the daughter of a priest that was founder of the Alexander Nevsky Orthodox church in Rue Daru,
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Classics in arteriosclerosis research: On experimental cholesterol steatosis and its significance in the origin of some pathological processes
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210:, and he successfully defended it in 1912. In this thesis, he first described the specific heart macrophages that today bear his name
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242:. He discovered the leading role of cholesterol in atherosclerosis development ("There is no atherosclerosis without cholesterol").
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163:, William Dock compared the significance of the classic work of Anichkov to that of the discovery of the tubercle bacillus by
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Nikolaj
Nikolajewitsch Anitschkow (1885–1964) established the cholesterol-fed rabbit as a model for atherosclerosis research
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by N. Anitschkow and S. Chalatow, translated by Mary Z. Pelias, 1913. Arteriosclerosis, 1983, Vol. 3, p. 178–82. .
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Anichkov worked in
Aschoff's laboratory up to the time World War I broke out in August 1914. He joined the
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The Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. An interpretive history of the cholesterol controversy: part I
206:(1866–1942). Upon his graduation in 1909, Anichkov began to work on his doctoral thesis, titled
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Second convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
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Medical Corps and, from 1914 to 1917, was a physician-in-charge.
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456:. Journal of Lipid Research, 2004, Vol. 45, p. 1583-93.
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Inflammatory changes in myocardium: apropos of myocarditis
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Cardiology's 10 greatest discoveries of the 20th century
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Academicians of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
449:. Tex Heart Inst J, 2002, Vol. 29, p. 164–71. .
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Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
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Members of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin
442:. Cardiovasc Pathol, 1999, Vol. 8, p. 177–8. .
408:. Ann Intern Med, 1958, Vol. 49, p. 699–705. .
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Research in arteriosclerosis, the first fifty years
137:heritage. Anichkov first described the specialized
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428:. Atherosclerosis, 1997, Vol. 135, p. 1–7. .
195:. There, he became a pupil of prominent Russian
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440:Anitschkow and the cholesterol over-fed rabbit
435:. New Haven (CT): Yale University Press; 1998.
149:) and discovered the significance and role of
263:Pathological Anatomy of the Heart and Vessels
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495:Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
417:Sarkisov DS, Pozharisskii KM, Anichkov NM.
157:pathogenesis. In 1958, in an editorial in
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565:Soviet military personnel of World War II
550:Russian military personnel of World War I
525:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner
391:Learn how and when to remove this message
334:J. Lipid Res., 2004, Vol. 45, p. 1583-93.
269:heart disease. In their 1998 book titled
255:Arteriosclerosis: A Survey of the Problem
540:Military doctors from the Russian Empire
354:This article includes a list of general
535:Recipients of the Order of the Red Star
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133:– 1964) was a prominent pathologist of
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485:People from Sankt-Peterburgsky Uyezd
68:Imperial Military Medical Academy,
545:Physicians from the Russian Empire
433:Medicine's 10 greatest discoveries
360:it lacks sufficient corresponding
271:Medicine's 10 Greatest Discoveries
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189:Imperial Military Medical Academy
575:Burials at Bogoslovskoe Cemetery
520:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
480:Physicians from Saint Petersburg
421:. Moscow: Meditsina Press; 1989.
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299:USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
187:. In 1903, Anichkov entered the
515:Recipients of the Stalin Prize
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129:in German literature) (1885,
123:Никола́й Никола́евич Ани́чков
110:Nikolay Nikolayevich Anichkov
33:Nikolay Nikolayevich Anichkov
218:Career in Germany and Russia
160:Annals of Internal Medicine
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560:Soviet lieutenant generals
431:Friedman M, Friedland GW.
224:cholesterinesterphagozyten
204:Karl Albert Ludwig Aschoff
171:and autogenic infections.
169:reticuloendothelial system
50:December 7, 1964 (aged 79)
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419:N.N. Anichkov, 1885–1964
295:USSR Academy of Sciences
238:cells, macrophages, and
375:more precise citations.
289:Degrees and titles held
230:and today are known as
175:Early life and training
555:Russian pathologists
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200:Alexander A. Maximow
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356:references
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232:foam cells
147:histiocyte
145:, cardiac
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127:Anitschkow
404:Dock, W.
311:Pathology
257:in 1933.
115:‹See Tfd›
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305:See also
297:and the
267:ischemic
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135:Russian
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