550:
559:
44:
145:. These men did not support her, however; she prided herself on her independent income. "Ninon always had crowds of adorers but never more than one lover at a time, and when she tired of the present occupier, she said so frankly and took another. Yet such was the authority of this wanton, that no man dared fall out with his successful rival; he was only too happy to be allowed to visit as a familiar friend,"
223:. Saint-Simon wrote that "The lady did not like her to be mentioned in her presence, but dared not disown her, and wrote cordial letters to her from time to time, to the day of her death". Ninon eventually died at the age of 84, as a very wealthy woman. To the end, she "was convinced that she had no soul, and never abandoned that conviction, not even in advanced old age, not even at the hour of her death."
181:
196:). She was also noted for her wit; among her numerous sayings and quips are "Much more genius is needed to make love than to command armies" and "We should take care to lay in a stock of provisions, but not of pleasures: these should be gathered day by day." A picture of Ninon, under the name of Damo, was sketched in
239:
Ninon de l'Enclos is a relatively obscure figure in the
English-speaking world, but is much better known in France where her name is synonymous with wit and beauty. Saint-Simon noted "Ninon made friends among the great in every walk of life, had wit and intelligence enough to keep them, and, what is
149:
wrote. In 1652, Ninon took up with Louis de Mornay, the marquis de
Villarceaux, by whom she had a son, also named Louis. She lived with the marquis until 1655, when she returned to Paris. When she would not return to him, the marquis fell into a fever; to console him, Ninon cut her hair and sent the
235:
uses
Lenclos's life to emphasize how the most bitter reproach for an eighteenth-century woman was to be called unchaste: "The maiden Ninon Lenclos made not the least claims to the honor of chastity, and nevertheless she would have been implacably offended if one of her lovers had gone so far in his
112:
Born Anne de l'Enclos in Paris on 10 November 1620, she was nicknamed "Ninon" at an early age by her father, Henri de l'Enclos, a lutenist and published composer, who taught her to sing and play the lute. In 1632, he was exiled from France after a duel. When Ninon's mother, Marie Barbe
125:
Returning to Paris, she became a popular figure in the salons, and her own drawing room became a centre for the discussion and consumption of the literary arts. In her early thirties she was responsible for encouraging the young
258:
wrote the poem "Ninon De L'Enclos On Her Last
Birthday" and also referred to Ninon in another of her poems, "Words Of Comfort To Be Scratched On A Mirror". L'Enclos is the eponymous heroine of
232:
1169:
117:, died ten years later, the unmarried Ninon entered a convent, only to leave the next year. For the remainder of her life she was determined to remain unmarried and independent.
157:
This life (less acceptable in her time than it would become in later years) and her opinions on organised religion caused her some trouble, and she was imprisoned in the
635:
375:
1174:
1154:
207:
Starting in the late 1660s she retired from her courtesan lifestyle and concentrated more on her literary friends – from 1667, she hosted her gatherings at
1266:
1261:
1211:
43:
1251:
137:
It was during this period that her life as a courtesan began. Ninon took a succession of notable and wealthy lovers, including the king's cousin the
142:
114:
211:, which was considered "the" location of the salon of Ninon de l'Enclos despite other locales in the past. During this time she was a friend of
1179:
481:
388:
302:
1256:
628:
146:
895:
573:
1184:
678:
322:
130:, and when she died she left money for the son of her notary, a nine-year-old named François-Marie Arouet, later to become known as
920:
673:
621:
406:
312:
1241:
593:
188:
In response, as an author she defended the possibility of living a good life in the absence of religion, notably in 1659's
1246:
668:
215:, the great French playwright. Later she would become a close friend with the devout Françoise d'Aubigné, better known as
1149:
830:
370:
714:
1102:
1097:
476:. Cambridge texts in the history of philosophy. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 41.
170:
236:
judgment." Kant underscored the sexist moral double-standard during
Lenclos' life and during Kant's life time.
251:
945:
1133:
910:
739:
197:
985:
865:
855:
658:
644:
587:
1164:
663:
601:
158:
1077:
1016:
980:
925:
1236:
1231:
1047:
975:
915:
870:
845:
840:
380:
1011:
960:
788:
531:
Michel Vergé-Franceschi, Ninon de
Lenclos, Libertine du Grand Siècle, Paris, Payot, 2014, 432 pages
216:
1205:
970:
900:
835:
809:
760:
850:
1123:
1057:
940:
890:
699:
694:
545:
487:
477:
384:
318:
298:
292:
104:(10 November 1620 – 17 October 1705), was a French author, courtesan and patron of the arts.
1159:
1118:
1062:
1052:
1006:
885:
783:
709:
563:
554:
515:
The 1911 edition of
Encyclopædia Britannica lists her date of birth being in November 1615.
174:
1032:
905:
880:
875:
473:
Immanuel Kant: observations on the feeling of the beautiful and sublime and other writings
264:
247:
243:
162:
930:
1128:
1072:
1067:
965:
860:
729:
719:
259:
255:
138:
1225:
955:
814:
804:
366:
1001:
704:
608:
329:
586:
1037:
950:
734:
212:
17:
541:
180:
1042:
127:
491:
744:
724:
220:
166:
471:
613:
131:
1204:
579:
254:
used Ninon as a symbol of aging beauty in his poem "Veteran Sirens."
365:
Dugot, Joël & Ledbetter, David (2001). "L'Enclos, Henri de". In
429:
Seductress: Women Who
Ravished the World and Their Lost Art of Love
568:
179:
67:
407:"Portrait of the courtesan: the 'two bodies' of Ninon de Lenclos"
219:, the lady-in-waiting who would later become the second wife of
617:
311:
Chew III, William L. (2002). "Lenclos, Ninon de (1623–1705)".
470:
Kant, Immanuel; Frierson, Patrick R.; Guyer, Paul (2011).
246:
mentioned her in his short story "The spectacles," as did
289:
Sources also list her birth date as 9 January 1623; see
233:
Observations on the
Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime
173:, former queen of Sweden. Impressed, Christina wrote to
1170:
Occupation of Saint-Nizier church by Lyon prostitutes
150:
shorn locks to him, starting a vogue for bobbed hair
297:. Vol. 1. New York: Garland. pp. 717–718.
1142:
1111:
1090:
1025:
994:
823:
797:
776:
769:
753:
687:
651:
314:
Women in World
History: A Biographical Encyclopedia
75:
53:
34:
1215:. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 418.
328:
609:Project Continua: Biography of Ninon de l'Enclos
353:Ninon de l'Enclos: La courtisane du grand siècle
177:on Ninon's behalf and arranged for her release.
460:(New York: New York Review Books 2013), p. 123.
440:Benjamin W. Wells, "La Calprenède and Scudéry"
411:Papers on French Seventeenth Century Literature
376:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
317:. Waterford, Connecticut: Yorkin Publications.
240:more, to keep them friendly with one another."
1175:Parisian Women in Algerian Costume (The Harem)
169:. Not long after, however, she was visited by
629:
8:
294:An Encyclopedia of Continental Women Writers
773:
636:
622:
614:
458:The Crisis of the European Mind, 1680–1715
42:
31:
165:, Queen of France and regent for her son
417:(67): 309+ – via Academic OneFile.
1196:
285:
283:
281:
277:
184:Etching by Antoine-Jean-Baptiste Coupé.
27:French author and courtesan (1620–1705)
1180:Prostitution in Impressionist painting
603:Ninon De Lenclos, On Her Last Birthday
1155:Brigade de répression du proxénétisme
48:Ninon de L'Enclos, by unknown artist.
7:
574:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
551:Works by or about Ninon de l'Enclos
1267:18th-century French letter writers
1262:17th-century French letter writers
560:Works by or about Ninon de Lenclos
25:
1252:17th-century French women writers
679:History of prostitution in France
143:François, duc de La Rochefoucauld
447:.4 (October 1898:439–460) p. 457
405:Harrison, David (January 2007).
674:Prostitution in Overseas France
921:Anne Françoise Elisabeth Lange
594:New International Encyclopedia
121:Life as a courtesan and author
1:
669:Chinese prostitution in Paris
1150:Bordel militaire de campagne
1257:17th-century French writers
798:Brothel owners & madams
1283:
1185:Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital
1103:Syndicat du travail sexuel
1098:Les amis du bus des femmes
526:Saint-Simon at Versailles,
1206:"Lenclos, Ninon de"
588:"Ninon de l'Enclos"
542:Works by Ninon de Lenclos
161:in 1656 at the behest of
141:, Gaston de Coligny, and
134:, so he could buy books.
41:
379:(2nd ed.). London:
252:Edwin Arlington Robinson
250:the "Venus Annodomini".
94:Anne "Ninon" de l'Enclos
1212:Encyclopædia Britannica
1134:Rue Saint-Denis (Paris)
911:Marie-Madeleine Guimard
740:Palais Oriental (Reims)
262:'s 1896 opéra comique,
986:Theroigne de Mericourt
866:Anne Victoire Dervieux
659:Prostitution in France
645:Prostitution in France
504:"The Drama in Paris",
185:
1242:Courtesans from Paris
1165:Madelonnettes Convent
946:Marie-Louise O'Murphy
664:Prostitution in Paris
508:, 7 March 1896, p. 13
427:Prioleau, Elizabeth.
291:Wall, Glenda (1991).
231:Immanuel Kant in his
183:
159:Madelonnettes Convent
1247:French salon-holders
1048:Valtesse de La Bigne
976:Marguerite Steinheil
916:Valtesse de La Bigne
871:Marie-Anne Detourbay
846:Marguerite Bellanger
381:Macmillan Publishers
1112:Red-light districts
856:Berthe de Courrière
831:Émilienne d'Alençon
789:Thierry Schaffauser
333:on 20 February 2016
217:Madame de Maintenon
1078:RĂ©taux de Villette
1017:RĂ©taux de Villette
971:Apollonie Sabatier
926:Geneviève Lantelme
901:Marguerite Gourdan
836:Marguerite Alibert
810:Marguerite Gourdan
761:Loi Marthe Richard
715:L'Étoile de Kléber
569:"Ninon de Lenclos"
528:1958 p. 100f.
442:The Sewanee Review
190:La coquette vengée
186:
1193:
1192:
1124:Bois de Vincennes
1086:
1085:
936:Ninon de l'Enclos
891:Marthe de Florian
841:Blanche d'Antigny
700:Aux Belles Poules
695:Brothels in Paris
580:Ninon de l'Enclos
546:Project Gutenberg
483:978-0-521-88412-9
390:978-1-56159-239-5
304:978-0-8240-8547-6
194:The Flirt Avenged
91:
90:
36:Ninon de L'Enclos
16:(Redirected from
1274:
1217:
1216:
1208:
1201:
1160:The French Woman
1129:Quartier Pigalle
1119:Bois de Boulogne
1063:Morgane Merteuil
1053:Caroline Lacroix
1012:François Spirito
1007:Hamida Djandoubi
961:Olympe PĂ©lissier
784:Morgane Merteuil
774:
710:La Fleur blanche
638:
631:
624:
615:
598:
590:
564:Internet Archive
555:Internet Archive
509:
502:
496:
495:
467:
461:
454:
448:
438:
432:
425:
419:
418:
402:
396:
394:
362:
356:
349:
343:
342:
340:
338:
332:
327:. Archived from
308:
287:
198:Mlle. de Scudéry
175:Cardinal Mazarin
102:Ninon de Lanclos
98:Ninon de Lenclos
82:
64:10 November 1620
63:
61:
46:
32:
21:
18:Ninon de Lenclos
1282:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1138:
1107:
1082:
1033:Fernande Barrey
1021:
990:
981:Thérésa Tallien
906:Catherine Grand
896:Eugénie Fougère
881:Marie Duplessis
876:Madame du Barry
851:Jeanne Brécourt
819:
793:
765:
749:
683:
647:
642:
585:
582:at aelliott.com
538:
521:
519:Further reading
513:
512:
503:
499:
484:
469:
468:
464:
455:
451:
439:
435:
426:
422:
404:
403:
399:
391:
364:
363:
359:
351:Roger DuchĂŞne,
350:
346:
336:
334:
325:
310:
305:
290:
288:
279:
274:
248:Rudyard Kipling
244:Edgar Allan Poe
229:
209:l'hĂ´tel Sagonne
163:Anne of Austria
123:
110:
96:, also spelled
87:
84:
80:
79:17 October 1705
71:
65:
59:
57:
49:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1280:
1278:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1218:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1094:
1092:
1088:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1073:Marthe Richard
1070:
1068:Suzanne Muzard
1065:
1060:
1058:Jamila M'Barek
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
998:
996:
992:
991:
989:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
966:Liane de Pougy
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
861:Marion Delorme
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
827:
825:
821:
820:
818:
817:
812:
807:
801:
799:
795:
794:
792:
791:
786:
780:
778:
771:
767:
766:
764:
763:
757:
755:
751:
750:
748:
747:
742:
737:
732:
730:Maison Souquet
727:
722:
720:Lanterne Verte
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
691:
689:
685:
684:
682:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
655:
653:
649:
648:
643:
641:
640:
633:
626:
618:
612:
611:
606:
599:
583:
577:
566:
557:
548:
537:
536:External links
534:
533:
532:
529:
520:
517:
511:
510:
497:
482:
462:
449:
433:
420:
397:
389:
367:Sadie, Stanley
357:
344:
323:
303:
276:
275:
273:
270:
260:Charles Lecocq
256:Dorothy Parker
228:
225:
122:
119:
109:
106:
89:
88:
85:
83:(aged 84)
77:
73:
72:
66:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1279:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1214:
1213:
1207:
1200:
1197:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1091:Organisations
1089:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
999:
997:
993:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
956:Justine Paris
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
886:Rosalie Duthé
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
828:
826:
822:
816:
815:Justine Paris
813:
811:
808:
806:
805:Madame Claude
803:
802:
800:
796:
790:
787:
785:
782:
781:
779:
775:
772:
768:
762:
759:
758:
756:
752:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
692:
690:
686:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
656:
654:
650:
646:
639:
634:
632:
627:
625:
620:
619:
616:
610:
607:
605:
604:
600:
596:
595:
589:
584:
581:
578:
576:
575:
570:
567:
565:
561:
558:
556:
552:
549:
547:
543:
540:
539:
535:
530:
527:
524:Lucy Norton,
523:
522:
518:
516:
507:
501:
498:
493:
489:
485:
479:
475:
474:
466:
463:
459:
456:Paul Hazard,
453:
450:
446:
443:
437:
434:
430:
424:
421:
416:
412:
408:
401:
398:
392:
386:
382:
378:
377:
372:
371:Tyrrell, John
368:
361:
358:
355:(Paris 1984).
354:
348:
345:
331:
326:
324:0-7876-4074-3
320:
316:
315:
306:
300:
296:
295:
286:
284:
282:
278:
271:
269:
267:
266:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
234:
226:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
205:
204:(1654–1661).
203:
199:
195:
191:
182:
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
155:
153:
148:
144:
140:
135:
133:
129:
120:
118:
116:
107:
105:
103:
99:
95:
86:Paris, France
78:
74:
69:
56:
52:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
1210:
1199:
1002:Paul Carbone
935:
931:MĂ©ry Laurent
705:Le Chabanais
602:
592:
572:
525:
514:
505:
500:
472:
465:
457:
452:
444:
441:
436:
428:
423:
414:
410:
400:
374:
360:
352:
347:
335:. Retrieved
330:the original
313:
293:
263:
242:
238:
230:
208:
206:
201:
193:
189:
187:
156:
151:
136:
124:
115:de la Marche
111:
101:
97:
93:
92:
81:(1705-10-17)
29:
1237:1705 deaths
1232:1620 births
1038:Zahia Dehar
1026:Prostitutes
941:LĂ©onie LĂ©on
735:One-Two-Two
337:23 November
213:Jean Racine
147:Saint-Simon
139:Great Condé
1226:Categories
1043:Jean Genet
824:Courtesans
272:References
152:Ă la Ninon
108:Early life
60:1620-11-10
777:Activists
745:Le Sphinx
725:Le Fourcy
492:693208085
221:Louis XIV
171:Christina
167:Louis XIV
951:La PaĂŻva
688:Brothels
652:Overview
373:(eds.).
132:Voltaire
70:, France
597:. 1905.
562:at the
553:at the
506:The Era
265:Ninette
128:Molière
770:People
490:
480:
431:(2004)
387:
369:&
321:
301:
227:Legacy
202:Clélie
1143:Other
995:Pimps
68:Paris
488:OCLC
478:ISBN
385:ISBN
339:2015
319:ISBN
309:and
299:ISBN
100:and
76:Died
54:Born
754:Law
544:at
200:'s
1228::
1209:.
591:.
571:.
486:.
415:34
413:.
409:.
383:.
280:^
268:.
154:.
637:e
630:t
623:v
494:.
445:6
395:‎
393:.
341:.
307:.
192:(
62:)
58:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
