22:
983:
338:, where the Red Army tried to cross the ice to southern Finland. The whole Finnish Air Force was ordered to try to stop the Soviet offensive. No. 24 Sqn flew 154 missions against the Soviet troop movements on the ice. A cease-fire was signed on March 13. No 24 sqn had started the war with 36 fighters and were left with 22. The unit claimed 120 aircraft downed (of which 100 were bombers). Own losses amounted to 11 aircraft, of who 9 had been lost to the enemy.
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15, the No 24 Sqn was moved further northwest, to the airport at
Lappeenranta. The unit was hardly struck on June 17, when lieutenant Nissinen (32.5 victories) and lieutenant Sarjamo (12.5 victories), two of its most experienced pilots were killed in action. Finland began receiving well-needed help from Germany - new Messerschmitt fighters arrived to replace losses and the German jabo unit
249:
397:
1941, the No 24 Sqn could claim 135 victories against and only two losses to the enemy (one to enemy anti-aircraft fire and one in an accident). The
Finnish Air Force total tally was 356 enemy aircraft downed and 84 lost in battle and in accidents. No 24 Sqn was now the most successful fighter unit of the Finnish Air Force.
455:
Ilmari
Juutilainen and Jorma Lukkanen, who had 34 and 14.5 victories respectively. The Soviet Air Force was continuously modernized. The No. 24 Sqn participated among other in the defence of the Gulf of Finland, where they met the aircraft of the Soviet Baltic Fleet, who recently had mounted an offensive. Captain
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matter of time until the war erupted again. During the 14 months that the peace lasted, the pilots of No. 24 Sqn trained hard, so that they would be ready to take on the enemy again. A ground-based early-warning system was developed and introduced to give warning of enemy aircraft at an earlier stage.
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At the beginning of the war, the squadron was equipped with 34 Brewster fighters. The
Finnish Air Force consisted of 235 aircraft, of whom 187 were immediately ready. 179 of these were fighters. Against them were 1,332 aircraft from the Leningrad Military Area, 400 aircraft from the Soviet Baltic Red
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fighters on April 19, 1940. This aircraft was considered to be the best fighter aircraft of the
Finnish Air Force at the time. The unit itself was moved to the new base at Vesivehmaa, east of Lahti. The situation between the Soviet Union and Finland was very tense and many believed that it was only a
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No. 24 Sqn had 763 confirmed kills and lost itself 30 aircraft (of whom 26 to enemy fighters). This gives a kill-ratio of 29.3 downed enemy aircraft for every own aircraft lost. Four pilots of No. 24 Sqn were awarded with the
Mannerheim Cross, two of them received it twice. The unit was renamed into
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The No.24 Sqn was first tasked with reconnaissance, trying to find out how far the Soviet forces had advanced into
Finnish territory. The largest activity in the air was on June 14, 1944, during the battles of Siiranmäki and Kuuterselkä. The enemy gathered some 1,700 aircraft for the battle. On June
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The Soviet land, air and naval forces launched a coordinated attack on
Finland on June 9, 1944. More than 1,500 Soviet aircraft were concentrated against the Finns in the immediate area. The Soviet strategic bomber command, ADD, also supported the operations. The Finnish Air Force could muster 16 Bf
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In the beginning of 1943, the unit was down to 24 operational
Brewster fighters. At the same time, a new unit was formed. No. 34 Sqn was formed to incorporate the new Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighters. It also recruited the best pilots from other units, among them many of No. 24 Sqn's best pilots, i.e.
387:
About 150 Soviet aircraft attacked several
Finnish cities on June 25, 1941. This started the Continuation War. During the first day, No 24 Sqn downed 10 enemy bombers, without own losses. The unit protected southern Finland between June 25–30 and managed to shoot down 17 enemy aircraft, among these
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incident, when the Finnish anti-aircraft defences downed a fighter. Bad weather stopped air operations several times during the war, but the squadron downed 12 enemy aircraft on December 19, including two I-16 fighters. The total claimed tally for December 1939 was 54 aircraft shot down against one
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IIA and IIB began appearing over the Finnish front. No. 14 Sqn, which was equipped with Fokker D.XXIs, and who was located in northern Karelia faced increasing difficulties against the more modern Soviet fighters. The second group of the 24th Sqn was ordered to reinforce the defence at Tiksjärvi.
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bombers from the 4th Air Regiment. Soviet reconnaissance discovered the Finnish troop concentrations and began a series of attacks on these on July 8. The No 24 Sqn downed 11 enemy aircraft without own losses. The unit continued with its support operations during the summer of 1941. By the end of
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In early 1944 the unit received the "fighter" prefix to its name and only 17 Brewsters remained operational. The successful aircraft, with a 30:1 victory ratio was replaced with Bf 109s. The unit was fully re-equipped by May 1944 and operated 14 Bf 109Gs when the Soviet Great Offensive started.
422:
The Battle of Hogland was fought late in the winter of 1942. No 24 Sqn supported the operations with six fighters. The fighter ace Ilmari Juutilainen managed to down two enemy aircraft. Juutilainen had now 20 victories and was rewarded with the Mannerheim Cross, the first pilot to be given the
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A new Soviet land offensive was set in motion on February 1, with the goal to breach the Mannerheim line on the Karelian Isthmus. No. 24 Sqn patrolled the front lines to try to protect the troops on the ground. The squadron flew sometimes as many as 88 sorties a day in February. The increased
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fighters, that had been license-manufactured in Finland. The first unit commander, Richard Lorenz, developed a new fighter tactic, based on aircraft pairs, instead of the three-aircraft groups that were standard of the day. It is possible that the Finnish Air Force was the first air force to
295:
The unit was still equipped with Fokker D.XXIs when the Soviet Union attacked Finland on November 30, 1939. Violent bomb raids on Helsinki claimed more than 300 lives on the very first day of the war. The Fokker fighters were considered inferior to the Soviet equivalents, such as the
326:
The Soviet fighter tactics was changed by the end of January. Drop tanks were introduced and the Soviet pilots became more aggressive. Soviet fighters could now escort bombers far inland and sometimes whole swarms of fighters (up to 40-60 fighters) could make patrols far inland.
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distinction in the unit. The Finns conquered the island after a successful operation. During the remainder of the year, the unit provided air defence from the Gulf of Finland up to northern Karelia. Jorma Karhunen was awarded with the Mannerheim Cross on September 8.
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After the Finnish Army had reached its operational goals by the end of December 1941, the war changed. It now took more a form of trench warfare. At the same time, the Soviet Air Force was being re-equipped with new fighters, many coming as
277:
The Finnish Air Force was re-organized on July 15, 1933. As a result of a political decision, more aircraft bases were built and new units were formed. Among these were No. 24 Sqn, which was located to Utti, north of Kotka and close to the
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activity and work load was also noted in the losses. Among the deaths were two Danish fighter pilot volunteers. No. 24 Sqn lost six aircraft and claimed 27 enemy aircraft. The squadron strength was now down to 22 operational aircraft.
304:, which were the most common aircraft of the Soviet Air Force. The Finnish fighters were ordered to concentrate on the enemy's bombers in order to avoid unnecessary losses. The first victory was won on 1 December, when 11 Soviet
391:
The squadron was relocated to Rantasalmi AFB on July 3. Their mission was to support the Karelian Army's operations, together with the entire 2nd Air Regiment, the reconnaissance squadrons 12 and 16, as well as
384:
Fleet and 114 aircraft from the Soviet Arctic Red Fleet. The Finnish aircraft were marked with a yellow band, similar to German aircraft, to more easily distinguish them from the opponents' aircraft.
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No. 24 Squadron was the most successful fighter squadron of the Finnish Air Force during World War II, claiming 877 aerial victories for a loss of 38 aircraft and 18 pilots. The unit produced seven
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introduce this system as a tactical formation, later to be immortalized by Luftwaffe, and a standard today. The squadron was equipped with Dutch Fokker D.XXI fighters in 1937.
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and Hurricanes and also suffered their first losses to Soviet fighters (three Brewsters were shot down), but they also shot down at least eight enemy aircraft.
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bombers in only four minutes. The tally for January was 34 downed aircraft for one lost in battle. The squadron operative strength was down to 28 aircraft.
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109s in No. 34 Sqn, 18 Brewsters in No. 26 Sqn and 14 Bf 109s in the No. 24 Sqn. The No. 24 Sqn was based at Suulajärvi on the Southern Karelian Isthmus.
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lost and one damaged own aircraft. These successes came at the same time as the Finnish Army stopped the Soviet advances on all fronts.
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210:- Finland's only modern fighter - were concentrated into the No. 24 Sqn, making it the only frontline fighter force.
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became not only the squadron's top ace, but also overall ace of the Finnish Air Force, when he downed six
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After the re-organization of the Finnish Air Force after World War II, HLeLv 24 was renamed into
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863:. Suomen ilmavoimien historia (in Finnish). Vol. 3B. Helsinki: Hobby-Kustannus Oy.
844:. Suomen ilmavoimien historia (in Finnish). Vol. 3A. Helsinki: Hobby-Kustannus Oy.
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No. 31 Fighter Sqn on December 4, 1944. The unit is still active and flies F-18s today.
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were two MBR-2 amphibious aircraft and one PE-1. One Brewster was lost in an accident.
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825:. Suomen ilmavoimien historia. Vol. 1 (4th ed.). Tampere, Finland: Apali.
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896:. Aircam Aviation Series. Vol. S2. Canterbury, UK: Osprey Publications.
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received the Mannerheim Cross on July 31, when he reached 31 victories.
353:
Tatu Huhanantti, 6 victories (shot down and killed on February 29, 1940)
879:
Hävittäjä-Ässät-Finnish Fighter Aces (Suomen Ilmavoimien Historia 11)
881:(in Finnish with English summary). Espoo, Finland: Tietoteos, 1978.
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During March, the weight of the ground operations was moved to the
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LtCol Gustav Erik Magnusson, November 21, 1938 - December 4, 1944
954:
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The Soviet Air Force operated now better fighters, such as the
15:
821:
Keskinen, Kalevi; Stenman, Kari & Niska, Klaus (1995).
781:: 32.5 victories. Mannerheim cross winner. Killed in action
240:
and still sporting the "Supersonic Lynx" as its emblem.
503:
Major Richard Lorenz, July 15, 1933 - November 21, 1938
735:. Later during the war the unit was equipped with 29
308:
bombers were downed. The first loss was attributed a
342:
Fighter aces of the No. 24 Sqn during the Winter War
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877:Keskinen, Kalevi; Stenman, Kari and Niska, Klaus.
43:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
757:: 75 victories, double Mannerheim Cross knight
751:: 94 victories, double Mannerheim Cross knight
966:
8:
485:also arrived and gave valuable assistance.
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959:
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775:: 35.5 victories. Mannerheim cross winner.
410:from the United Kingdom. Fighters such as
365:The squadron was re-equipped with US-made
1312:Aircraft and Weapon Systems Training Wing
859:Keskinen, Kalevi; Stenman, Kari (2000) .
840:Keskinen, Kalevi; Stenman, Kari (2000) .
74:Learn how and when to remove this message
793:: 31 victories. Mannerheim cross winner.
763:: 56 victories. Mannerheim cross winner.
928:. Botley, UK: Osprey Publishing, 2001.
914:. Botley, UK: Osprey Publishing, 1998.
282:. No. 24 Sqn was equipped with British
85:
7:
910:Stenman, Kari and Keskinen, Kalevi.
14:
89:No. 24 Squadron Finnish Air Force
989:
981:
356:Per-Erik Sovelius, 5.5 Victories
94:
20:
892:Shores, Christopher F. (1969).
109:15 July 1933 - 4 September 1944
1321:Current direct reporting units
924:Stenman, Kari and Weal, John.
743:Top 10 aces of No. 24 Squadron
731:The equipment consisted of 34
643:The equipment consisted of 36
100:Lynx emblem of No. 24 Squadron
1:
721:1st Flight of No. 34 Squadron
350:Viktor Pyötsiä, 7.5 victories
347:Jorma Sarvanto, 13 victories
225:, the two top-scoring aces.
1354:Finnish Air Force squadrons
912:Finnish Aces of World War 2
894:Finnish Air Force 1918–1968
206:During the Winter War, all
199:. The squadron was part of
187:on 14 February 1944) was a
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472:The Soviet Great Offensive
232:. Today it is part of the
93:
268:Messerschmitt Bf 109G-2.
29:This article includes a
842:Fokker D. XXI (Mercury)
181:Hävittäjälentolaivue 24
177:No. 24 Fighter Squadron
58:more precise citations.
1260:Air Force Headquarters
589:) - Seven Fokker D.XXI
269:
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253:
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1328:C4IS Material Command
599:) - Ten Fokker D.XXI
567:) - Six Fokker D.XXI
545:) - Six Fokker D.XXI
415:Here they met Soviet
267:
259:
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1333:Air Material Command
1253:Current headquarters
861:Fokker D. XXI (Wasp)
737:Messerschmitt Bf 109
685:) - Eight Brewsters
667:Detachment Luukkanen
613:Detachment Siiräinen
571:Detachment Luukkanen
535:) - Six Fokker D.XXI
374:The Continuation War
284:Gloster Gamecock III
717:) - Eight Brewsters
707:) - Eight Brewsters
663:) - Nine Brewsters
217:winners, including
1286:Satakunta Air Wing
1033:Flying Regiment 19
823:Brewster Model 239
749:Ilmari Juutilainen
733:Brewster Buffaloes
627:Detachment Kivinen
549:Detachment Vuorela
513:, December 4, 1944
489:Results of the war
483:Geschwader Kuhlmey
270:
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219:Ilmari Juutilainen
171:, from 3 May 1942
31:list of references
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1307:Training Air Wing
1302:Air Force Academy
1028:Flying Regiment 5
1023:Flying Regiment 4
1018:Flying Regiment 3
1013:Flying Regiment 2
1008:Flying Regiment 1
987:Finnish Air Force
805:: 28.5 victories.
799:: 29.5 victories.
703:"Knight Flight" (
361:The Interim Peace
201:Flying Regiment 2
193:Finnish Air Force
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603:Detachment Ahola
575:Osasto Luukkanen
412:Hawker Hurricane
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215:Mannerheim Cross
191:squadron of the
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769:: 36 victories.
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787:: 32 victories
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224:
220:
216:
211:
209:
208:Fokker D.XXIs
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
153:Military unit
147:
143:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
97:
92:
87:
78:
75:
67:
57:
53:
47:
46:
40:
36:
32:
27:
18:
17:
1118:
1001:(historical)
925:
911:
893:
878:
860:
841:
822:
815:Bibliography
730:
725:1./Le. Lv.34
724:
720:
714:
710:
704:
700:
693:Osasto Ahola
692:
688:
682:
678:
670:
666:
660:
656:
642:
634:
630:
626:
620:
616:
612:
607:Osasto Ahola
606:
602:
596:
592:
586:
582:
574:
570:
564:
560:
552:
548:
542:
538:
532:
528:
518:Organization
492:
479:
475:
466:
453:
425:
421:
404:
390:
386:
382:
367:Brewster 239
364:
333:
329:
325:
315:
310:blue-on-blue
294:
276:
260:Brewster 239
252:Fokker D.XXI
238:F-18 Hornets
227:
212:
205:
197:World War II
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
156:
155:
70:
61:
50:Please help
42:
803:Tapio Järvi
175:), renamed
138:Engagements
56:introducing
1224:No. 48 Sqn
1219:No. 46 Sqn
1214:No. 45 Sqn
1209:No. 44 Sqn
1204:No. 43 Sqn
1199:No. 42 Sqn
1194:No. 41 Sqn
1189:No. 40 Sqn
1184:No. 39 Sqn
1179:No. 38 Sqn
1174:No. 36 Sqn
1169:No. 35 Sqn
1164:No. 34 Sqn
1159:No. 33 Sqn
1154:No. 32 Sqn
1149:No. 31 Sqn
1144:No. 30 Sqn
1139:No. 29 Sqn
1134:No. 28 Sqn
1129:No. 26 Sqn
1124:No. 25 Sqn
1119:No. 24 Sqn
1114:No. 22 Sqn
1109:No. 21 Sqn
1104:No. 20 Sqn
1099:No. 17 Sqn
1094:No. 16 Sqn
1089:No. 15 Sqn
1084:No. 14 Sqn
1079:No. 13 Sqn
1074:No. 12 Sqn
1069:No. 11 Sqn
1064:No. 10 Sqn
767:Olavi Puro
711:4th Flight
701:3rd Flight
679:2nd Flight
657:1st Flight
593:5th Flight
583:4th Flight
561:3rd Flight
539:2nd Flight
529:1st Flight
523:Winter War
408:lend-lease
291:Winter War
273:Foundation
179:(Finnish:
142:Winter War
1059:No. 6 Sqn
1054:No. 4 Sqn
1049:No. 1 Sqn
1042:Squadrons
797:Emil Vesa
755:Hans Wind
715:4. Lentue
705:3. Lentue
683:2. Lentue
661:1. Lentue
635:2./LLv.26
621:1./LLv.26
597:5. Lentue
587:4. Lentue
565:3. Lentue
543:2. Lentue
533:1. Lentue
457:Hans Wind
236:, flying
223:Hans Wind
185:HLe.Lv.24
173:Le. Lv.24
64:June 2016
1348:Category
1244:Test Sqn
300:and the
230:HLeLv 31
1295:Schools
244:History
195:during
189:fighter
161:Finnish
133:fighter
117:Finland
114:Country
52:improve
932:
918:
900:
885:
867:
848:
829:
509:Major
442:, and
428:LaGG-3
417:MiG-3s
169:LLv.24
122:Branch
106:Active
810:Notes
444:Yak-7
440:Yak-1
37:, or
930:ISBN
916:ISBN
898:ISBN
883:ISBN
865:ISBN
846:ISBN
827:ISBN
739:Gs.
463:1944
450:1943
432:La-5
401:1942
379:1941
221:and
130:Role
183:or
167:or
1350::
647:.
633:,
619:,
446:.
438:,
434:,
430:,
306:SB
203:.
163::
144:,
41:,
33:,
974:e
967:t
960:v
906:.
873:.
854:.
835:.
727:)
723:(
713:(
695:)
691:(
681:(
673:)
669:(
659:(
637:)
629:(
623:)
615:(
609:)
605:(
595:(
585:(
577:)
573:(
563:(
555:)
551:(
541:(
531:(
159:(
77:)
71:(
66:)
62:(
48:.
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