31:
114:
remarks, "It is hard to understand why those of Plato's commentators who praise him for fighting against the subversive conventionalism of the
Sophists, and for establishing a spiritual naturalism ultimately based on religion, fail to censure him for making a convention, or rather an invention, the
115:
ultimate basis of religion." Religion for Plato is a noble lie, at least if we assume that Plato meant all of this sincerely, not cynically. Popper finds Plato's conception of religion to have been very influential in subsequent thought.
84:
who compose the republic proposed by Plato. Socrates proposes and claims that if the people believed "this myth... would have a good effect, making them more inclined to care for the state and one another."
2166:
277:
320:
751:
1110:
93:
The concept of the noble lie as defined by Plato has sparked controversy among modern interpreters. Although some earlier classical scholars including
2231:
1295:
1903:
1205:
1324:
1312:
2013:
1923:
313:
1983:
433:
106:
939:
790:
2140:
1993:
879:
2180:
2053:
1275:
306:
281:
2078:
2073:
1767:
805:
438:
2226:
2093:
2088:
1873:
2221:
1075:
1065:
758:
418:
1122:
650:
2211:
1963:
206:
1943:
1863:
1677:
1280:
869:
780:
161:
1270:
1250:
1137:
1100:
770:
398:
1190:
1424:
1379:
785:
1240:
1933:
1813:
1582:
1404:
1389:
1230:
1157:
849:
810:
795:
329:
73:
48:
2123:
2038:
2003:
1973:
1893:
1419:
1359:
1167:
680:
600:
237:
which is, primarily, 'noble' in the sense of 'nobly born' or 'well bred'..." and refers to Plato's
2206:
2135:
2130:
2113:
2108:
1577:
1085:
1022:
1567:
2098:
2043:
1883:
1672:
1562:
1334:
1260:
1235:
1152:
1037:
839:
179:
125:
2216:
2103:
2033:
1803:
1722:
1717:
1707:
1642:
1617:
1552:
1542:
1512:
1492:
1482:
1349:
1344:
1302:
1245:
1042:
725:
720:
695:
640:
615:
2160:
1833:
1752:
1712:
1682:
1667:
1632:
1627:
1597:
1572:
1557:
1532:
1517:
1452:
1429:
1414:
1399:
1384:
1255:
1210:
1195:
1185:
1007:
1002:
859:
854:
834:
822:
166:
146:
2201:
2150:
2058:
2048:
1777:
1652:
1637:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1547:
1522:
1477:
1457:
1319:
1290:
1265:
1220:
1200:
1162:
1117:
997:
987:
844:
675:
488:
94:
2195:
2083:
1913:
1823:
1772:
1742:
1732:
1662:
1657:
1647:
1507:
1497:
1487:
1462:
1329:
1307:
1225:
1132:
1105:
1090:
1032:
715:
184:
151:
34:
P. Oxy. 3679, a manuscript from the 3rd century AD, containing fragments of Plato's
2063:
1747:
1737:
1727:
1592:
1587:
1527:
1502:
1472:
1467:
1374:
1369:
1215:
1095:
829:
765:
635:
625:
620:
539:
529:
473:
363:
141:
81:
1762:
1757:
1692:
1687:
1537:
1409:
1364:
1354:
1147:
1142:
1080:
1017:
800:
775:
700:
660:
630:
605:
585:
564:
544:
524:
514:
483:
348:
230:
174:
156:
111:
98:
30:
2145:
1953:
1853:
1702:
1622:
1394:
1285:
1127:
1070:
1047:
1012:
961:
951:
919:
864:
690:
670:
595:
559:
463:
448:
373:
136:
1843:
1782:
1339:
982:
909:
894:
735:
730:
655:
610:
590:
569:
554:
534:
519:
383:
343:
68:
to maintain social harmony. Plato presented the noble lie (γενναῖον ψεῦδος,
101:
argued for a literal translation and interpretation of Plato's expression.
2118:
1697:
1434:
1027:
992:
966:
946:
899:
710:
665:
549:
453:
443:
408:
378:
77:
17:
2155:
2068:
956:
924:
914:
685:
645:
478:
403:
388:
368:
298:
130:
72:) in the fictional tale known as the myth or parable of the metals in
904:
705:
493:
468:
458:
428:
413:
278:"Positive Liberty » Open Society VI: On Religion as a Noble Lie"
213:(Fall 2017 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
934:
423:
358:
65:
43:
29:
929:
353:
57:
302:
498:
393:
61:
2026:
1795:
1443:
1176:
1056:
975:
887:
878:
744:
578:
507:
336:
97:argued that "noble lie" was a mistranslation,
27:Untruth propagated to strengthen social harmony
314:
207:"Plato's Ethics and Politics in The Republic"
8:
820:
245:, 2nd edition, New York: Basic Books, 1991).
241:375a and 409c for comparison (p. 455 n. 65,
756:
267:, 2nd edition, New York: Basic Books, 1991.
884:
321:
307:
299:
1904:Reflections on the Revolution in France
211:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
197:
7:
2014:The End of History and the Last Man
1924:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
25:
80:provides the origin of the three
2232:Concepts in political philosophy
1984:The Open Society and Its Enemies
107:The Open Society and Its Enemies
791:Family as a model for the state
2141:Separation of church and state
2039:Collectivism and individualism
1994:The Origins of Totalitarianism
1:
2181:Category:Political philosophy
2054:Critique of political economy
209:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.),
2079:Institutional discrimination
2074:History of political thought
806:Negative and positive rights
133: – Propaganda technique
2089:Justification for the state
1874:Two Treatises of Government
64:knowingly propagated by an
2248:
759:Bellum omnium contra omnes
2176:
1964:The Revolt of the Masses
1944:The Communist Manifesto
870:Tyranny of the majority
781:Consent of the governed
233:explains, "The word is
162:Paternalistic deception
821:
771:Clash of civilizations
757:
39:
786:Divine right of kings
265:The Republic of Plato
243:The Republic of Plato
33:
1934:Democracy in America
1313:political philosophy
1296:political philosophy
1111:political philosophy
940:political philosophy
850:Separation of powers
811:Night-watchman state
796:Monopoly on violence
330:Political philosophy
205:Brown, Eric (2017),
2124:Right-wing politics
2004:A Theory of Justice
1974:The Road to Serfdom
1894:The Social Contract
601:Christian democracy
2227:Political concepts
2136:Political violence
2131:Political theology
2114:Left-wing politics
2109:Political spectrum
40:
2222:Religious studies
2189:
2188:
2099:Philosophy of law
2044:Conflict theories
1884:The Spirit of Law
1791:
1790:
840:Original position
180:Shendao teachings
126:Alternative facts
16:(Redirected from
2239:
2104:Political ethics
2094:Machiavellianism
2034:Authoritarianism
2019:
2009:
1999:
1989:
1979:
1969:
1959:
1949:
1939:
1929:
1919:
1909:
1899:
1889:
1879:
1869:
1859:
1849:
1839:
1829:
1819:
1809:
885:
826:
762:
752:Balance of power
726:Social democracy
721:Social Darwinism
696:Multiculturalism
641:Environmentalism
616:Communitarianism
323:
316:
309:
300:
293:
292:
290:
289:
280:. Archived from
274:
268:
261:
255:
252:
246:
227:
221:
220:
219:
218:
202:
95:Francis Cornford
70:gennaion pseudos
21:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2212:Social concepts
2192:
2191:
2190:
2185:
2172:
2161:Totalitarianism
2022:
2017:
2007:
1997:
1987:
1977:
1967:
1957:
1947:
1937:
1927:
1917:
1907:
1897:
1887:
1877:
1867:
1857:
1847:
1837:
1834:Treatise on Law
1827:
1817:
1807:
1787:
1445:
1439:
1178:
1172:
1058:
1052:
971:
874:
860:State of nature
855:Social contract
835:Ordered liberty
823:Noblesse oblige
740:
574:
503:
332:
327:
297:
296:
287:
285:
276:
275:
271:
263:pp. xviii-xix,
262:
258:
253:
249:
228:
224:
216:
214:
204:
203:
199:
194:
189:
147:Lie-to-children
121:
91:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2245:
2243:
2235:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2194:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2151:Social justice
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2059:Egalitarianism
2056:
2051:
2049:Contractualism
2046:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2020:
2010:
2000:
1990:
1980:
1970:
1960:
1950:
1940:
1930:
1920:
1910:
1900:
1890:
1880:
1870:
1860:
1850:
1840:
1830:
1820:
1810:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1449:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1305:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1182:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
979:
977:
973:
972:
970:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
943:
942:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
891:
889:
882:
876:
875:
873:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
845:Overton window
842:
837:
832:
827:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
754:
748:
746:
742:
741:
739:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
676:Libertarianism
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
582:
580:
576:
575:
573:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
511:
509:
505:
504:
502:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
340:
338:
334:
333:
328:
326:
325:
318:
311:
303:
295:
294:
269:
256:
254:Book 3, 415c–d
247:
222:
196:
195:
193:
190:
188:
187:
182:
177:
172:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
128:
122:
120:
117:
90:
87:
82:social classes
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2244:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2084:Jurisprudence
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1914:Rights of Man
1911:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1826:
1825:
1824:De re publica
1821:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1444:20th and 21st
1442:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1177:18th and 19th
1175:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1033:Nizam al-Mulk
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
980:
978:
974:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
941:
938:
937:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
892:
890:
886:
883:
881:
877:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
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836:
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831:
828:
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819:
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729:
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724:
722:
719:
717:
716:Republicanism
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284:on 2007-12-09
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185:Pious fiction
183:
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178:
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165:
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158:
155:
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152:Morality play
150:
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109:
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79:
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67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
50:
45:
37:
32:
19:
2165:
2064:Elite theory
2012:
2002:
1992:
1982:
1972:
1962:
1952:
1942:
1932:
1922:
1912:
1902:
1892:
1882:
1872:
1862:
1852:
1842:
1832:
1822:
1812:
1802:
1101:Guicciardini
1057:Early modern
880:Philosophers
830:Open society
815:
766:Body politic
636:Distributism
626:Conservatism
621:Confucianism
540:Gerontocracy
530:Dictatorship
484:Sovereignty
474:Ruling class
364:Emancipation
349:Citizenship
286:. Retrieved
282:the original
272:
264:
259:
250:
242:
238:
234:
225:
215:, retrieved
210:
200:
168:
142:Fictionalism
105:
103:
92:
69:
53:
49:The Republic
47:
41:
35:
1938:(1835–1840)
1818:(c. 350 BC)
1808:(c. 375 BC)
1425:Tocqueville
1390:Saint-Simon
1355:Montesquieu
1206:Bolingbroke
1138:Machiavelli
1018:Ibn Khaldun
983:Alpharabius
976:Middle Ages
801:Natural law
776:Common good
701:Nationalism
661:Imperialism
631:Corporatism
606:Colonialism
586:Agrarianism
565:Technocracy
545:Meritocracy
525:Bureaucracy
515:Aristocracy
231:Allan Bloom
229:Translator
175:Santa Claus
157:Paternalism
112:Karl Popper
99:Allan Bloom
2196:Categories
2146:Separatism
1954:On Liberty
1854:The Prince
1583:Huntington
1086:Campanella
1013:al-Ghazali
962:Thucydides
920:Lactantius
865:Statolatry
691:Monarchism
671:Liberalism
596:Capitalism
579:Ideologies
560:Plutocracy
508:Government
464:Revolution
449:Propaganda
399:Legitimacy
374:Government
288:2019-01-15
235:generation
217:2019-11-26
192:References
137:Bokononism
2207:Deception
1864:Leviathan
1844:Monarchia
1838:(c. 1274)
1673:Oakeshott
1618:Mansfield
1613:Luxemburg
1598:Kropotkin
1493:Bernstein
1446:centuries
1360:Nietzsche
1303:Jefferson
1231:Condorcet
1179:centuries
1158:Pufendorf
1023:Marsilius
910:Confucius
895:Aristotle
888:Antiquity
816:Noble lie
736:Third Way
731:Socialism
656:Feudalism
611:Communism
591:Anarchism
570:Theocracy
555:Oligarchy
535:Democracy
520:Autocracy
434:Pluralism
419:Obedience
384:Hierarchy
344:Authority
89:Criticism
76:. In it,
54:noble lie
18:Noble Lie
2119:Centrism
1814:Politics
1804:Republic
1773:Voegelin
1753:Spengler
1738:Shariati
1713:Rothbard
1668:Nussbaum
1568:Habermas
1543:Fukuyama
1533:Foucault
1458:Ambedkar
1435:Voltaire
1405:de Staël
1380:Rousseau
1261:Franklin
1236:Constant
1196:Beccaria
1028:Muhammad
1008:Gelasius
993:Averroes
967:Xenophon
947:Polybius
900:Chanakya
745:Concepts
711:Populism
681:Localism
666:Islamism
651:Feminism
550:Monarchy
454:Property
444:Progress
409:Monopoly
379:Hegemony
239:Republic
167:Plato's
119:See also
78:Socrates
74:Book III
36:Republic
2217:Fiction
2156:Statism
2069:Elitism
2027:Related
1828:(51 BC)
1758:Strauss
1733:Scruton
1728:Schmitt
1718:Russell
1638:Michels
1633:Maurras
1628:Marcuse
1588:Kautsky
1558:Gramsci
1553:Gentile
1523:Dworkin
1513:Du Bois
1508:Dmowski
1503:Chomsky
1498:Burnham
1483:Benoist
1453:Agamben
1420:Thoreau
1410:Stirner
1400:Spencer
1345:Mazzini
1335:Maistre
1330:Madison
1325:Le Play
1256:Fourier
1221:Carlyle
1201:Bentham
1191:Bastiat
1186:Bakunin
1163:Spinoza
1153:Müntzer
1123:Leibniz
1096:Grotius
1076:Bossuet
1043:Plethon
988:Aquinas
957:Sun Tzu
925:Mencius
915:Han Fei
686:Marxism
646:Fascism
479:Society
404:Liberty
389:Justice
369:Freedom
131:Big lie
2018:(1992)
2008:(1971)
1998:(1951)
1988:(1945)
1978:(1944)
1968:(1929)
1958:(1859)
1948:(1848)
1928:(1820)
1918:(1791)
1908:(1790)
1898:(1762)
1888:(1748)
1878:(1689)
1868:(1651)
1858:(1532)
1848:(1313)
1778:Walzer
1768:Taylor
1723:Sartre
1688:Popper
1683:Pareto
1678:Ortega
1663:Nozick
1653:Mouffe
1603:Laclau
1563:Guénon
1548:Gandhi
1488:Berlin
1478:Bauman
1473:Badiou
1463:Arendt
1430:Tucker
1320:Le Bon
1281:Herder
1271:Haller
1266:Godwin
1251:Fichte
1246:Engels
1241:Cortés
1211:Bonald
1168:Suárez
1143:Milton
1133:Luther
1106:Hobbes
1091:Filmer
1081:Calvin
1066:Boétie
1059:period
1038:Ockham
905:Cicero
706:Nazism
494:Utopia
469:Rights
459:Regime
429:People
414:Nation
2202:Lying
2167:Index
1796:Works
1783:Weber
1748:Spann
1743:Sorel
1708:Röpke
1703:Rawls
1658:Negri
1648:Mosca
1643:Mises
1608:Lenin
1578:Hoppe
1573:Hayek
1538:Fromm
1528:Evola
1518:Dugin
1415:Taine
1395:Smith
1375:Renan
1370:Paine
1291:Iqbal
1276:Hegel
1226:Comte
1216:Burke
1128:Locke
1118:James
1071:Bodin
1003:Dante
998:Bruni
952:Shang
935:Plato
489:State
439:Power
424:Peace
359:Elite
337:Terms
66:elite
62:a lie
56:is a
44:Plato
1698:Rand
1693:Qutb
1593:Kirk
1468:Aron
1385:Sade
1365:Owen
1350:Mill
1340:Marx
1308:Kant
1286:Hume
1148:More
1048:Wang
930:Mozi
354:Duty
169:Laws
58:myth
52:, a
1763:Sun
1623:Mao
499:War
394:Law
104:In
60:or
46:'s
42:In
2198::
110:,
322:e
315:t
308:v
291:.
38:.
20:)
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