109:. Testing and evaluation have already been completed by the company, further speeding the acquisition cycle. The use of NDI COTS products also can offer improved pricing, wider variety, and access to cutting-edge technology. However, there can be multiple disadvantages as well. Companies may not provide complete technical documentation, and their internal testing may not fully meet government standards. The product itself may not meet all government requirements, and modification may be complicated or cost prohibitive.
348:
325:
85:
A nondevelopmental item that meets a validated military requirement as determined in writing by the responsible program manager and has been developed exclusively at private expense. An item shall not be considered to be developed at private expense if development of the item was paid for in whole or
67:
Any item described in paragraph (1) of this definition that requires only minor modification or modifications of a type customarily available in the commercial marketplace in order to meet the requirements of the procuring department or agency;
89:
Independent research and development costs or bid and proposal costs, per the definition in FAR 31.205-18, that have been reimbursed directly or indirectly by a
Federal agency or have been submitted to a Federal agency for reimbursement;
76:
The third definition can apply to fully developed items in production but not for commercial sale yet. In this way, the US Federal government can "capture" a product or technology for use before it becomes commercially available.
329:
63:
Any previously developed item of supply used exclusively for governmental purposes by a
Federal agency, a State or local government, or a foreign government with which the United States has a mutual defense cooperation
286:
269:
216:
301:
232:
144:
262:
209:
179:
105:
NDIs are advantageous in several ways. As the product is already designed and in production, the government does not have to spend funds for
71:
Any item of supply being produced that does not meet the requirements of paragraphs (1) or (2) solely because the item is not yet in use.
389:
297:
408:
55:
145:
An
Alternative to Technology Readiness Levels for Non-Developmental Item (NDI) Software CMU/SEI-2004-TR-013 ESC-TR-2004-013
240:
151:
413:
333:
106:
39:
35:
31:
382:
51:
187:
118:
80:
One subtype of non-developmental items is the military-purpose non-developmental item, defined as:
375:
123:
359:
347:
273:
220:
265:
233:"Frequently Asked Questions about Commercial and Nondevelopmental Items are listed below"
287:"Commercial or Non-Developmental Item Acquisition Strategy A Look at Benefits vs. Risks"
212:
402:
150:(Report). Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute. p. 1. Archived from
27:
294:
Program
Manager: A Bimonthly Magazine of the Defense Systems Management College
355:
30:
by the United States federal government which do not require further
363:
174:
172:
383:
8:
390:
376:
50:The term was first coined in 1986 by the
135:
34:or require only minimal modification.
7:
344:
342:
285:Gutierrez, Paul D. (May–June 2002).
180:"Logistics & Supply Management"
16:Term used in government procurement
362:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
332:from websites or documents of the
298:Defense Systems Management College
14:
346:
328: This article incorporates
323:
300:. pp. 66–68. Archived from
42:(GOTS) are two subtypes of NDI.
237:Defense Standardization Program
58:, a non-developmental item is:
56:Federal Acquisition Regulation
26:) is a term used for products
1:
430:
341:
93:Foreign government funding
143:Smith, Jim (April 2004).
334:United States Government
107:research and development
40:government-off-the-shelf
36:Commercial-off-the-shelf
409:Government procurement
358:-related article is a
330:public domain material
272:20 August 2022 at the
98:
74:
20:Non-developmental item
82:
60:
219:12 July 2022 at the
54:. According to the
119:Contract management
307:on 1 December 2020
157:on 19 January 2022
86:in part through -
371:
370:
124:Contract awarding
421:
414:Government stubs
392:
385:
378:
350:
343:
327:
326:
317:
316:
314:
312:
306:
291:
282:
276:
268:
259:
253:
252:
250:
248:
239:. Archived from
229:
223:
215:
206:
200:
199:
197:
195:
186:. Archived from
176:
167:
166:
164:
162:
156:
149:
140:
429:
428:
424:
423:
422:
420:
419:
418:
399:
398:
397:
396:
339:
324:
321:
320:
310:
308:
304:
289:
284:
283:
279:
274:Wayback Machine
261:
260:
256:
246:
244:
243:on 21 June 2022
231:
230:
226:
221:Wayback Machine
208:
207:
203:
193:
191:
190:on 24 July 2021
178:
177:
170:
160:
158:
154:
147:
142:
141:
137:
132:
115:
103:
48:
17:
12:
11:
5:
427:
425:
417:
416:
411:
401:
400:
395:
394:
387:
380:
372:
369:
368:
351:
319:
318:
277:
254:
224:
201:
168:
134:
133:
131:
128:
127:
126:
121:
114:
111:
102:
101:Considerations
99:
97:
96:
95:
94:
91:
73:
72:
69:
65:
47:
44:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
426:
415:
412:
410:
407:
406:
404:
393:
388:
386:
381:
379:
374:
373:
367:
365:
361:
357:
352:
349:
345:
340:
337:
335:
331:
303:
299:
295:
288:
281:
278:
275:
271:
267:
264:
258:
255:
242:
238:
234:
228:
225:
222:
218:
214:
211:
205:
202:
189:
185:
181:
175:
173:
169:
153:
146:
139:
136:
129:
125:
122:
120:
117:
116:
112:
110:
108:
100:
92:
88:
87:
84:
83:
81:
78:
70:
66:
62:
61:
59:
57:
53:
45:
43:
41:
37:
33:
29:
25:
21:
364:expanding it
353:
338:
322:
309:. Retrieved
302:the original
293:
280:
257:
245:. Retrieved
241:the original
236:
227:
204:
192:. Retrieved
188:the original
183:
159:. Retrieved
152:the original
138:
104:
79:
75:
49:
23:
19:
18:
263:48 CFR
210:48 CFR
52:US Congress
38:(COTS) and
32:development
403:Categories
356:government
130:References
64:agreement;
311:20 August
247:20 August
194:20 August
161:20 August
270:Archived
266:212.7101
217:Archived
184:AcqNotes
113:See also
46:Overview
28:procured
354:This
305:(PDF)
290:(PDF)
213:2.101
155:(PDF)
148:(PDF)
360:stub
313:2022
249:2022
196:2022
163:2021
24:NDI
405::
336:.
296:.
292:.
235:.
182:.
171:^
90:or
68:or
391:e
384:t
377:v
366:.
315:.
251:.
198:.
165:.
22:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.