236:
During its life cycle it exists in two morphological forms, free-swimming promastigote and sedentary choanomastigote. Promastigotes are elongated and measure about 10.9 to 18 μm in length and about 1.3 to 4.8 μm in width. They bear a single flagellum in front that is 7.8 to 19.5 μm long.
502:
Teixeira, Marta M.G.; Borghesan, Tarcilla C.; Ferreira, Robson C.; Santos, Marcia A.; Takata, Carmen S.A.; Campaner, Marta; Nunes, Vania L.B.; Milder, Regina V.; de Souza, Wanderley; Camargo, Erney P. (2011).
237:
Choanomastigotes are more spherical in shape measuring 4.5 to 9.7 μm long and 2.8 to 6.4 μm wide. The flagellum is longer measuring 8.6 and 20.4 μm. The nucleus is centrally located, and in front of it is the
505:"Phylogenetic Validation of the Genera Angomonas and Strigomonas of Trypanosomatids Harboring Bacterial Endosymbionts with the Description of New Species of Trypanosomatids and of Proteobacterial Symbionts"
210:, an American bacteriologist and parasitologist who pioneered studies of insect trypanosomatids, and described in 1907 the first known symbiont-harbouring trypanosomatid, later named
181:) so that it cannot lead an independent life without the bacteria. Its discovery in 2016 suggests that it is a good model in the evolution of prokaryotes into eukaryotes by
313:
Kostygov, Alexei Y.; Dobáková, Eva; Grybchuk-Ieremenko, Anastasiia; Váhala, Dalibor; Maslov, Dmitri A.; Votýpka, Jan; Lukeš, Julius; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav (2016).
576:
206:, from Ecuador. The bug was collected in July 2008 near Atacames in Esmeraldas Province, hence, the protist bears the species name. The genus name is after
241:. The kinetoplast is arranged in a compact disk which measures between 553 and 938 nm in diameter and 114 to 213 nm in cross section.
281:
is more recent than in the case of the other endosymbiont-bearing trypanosomatids. However, in contrast to its related free-living bacteria,
412:
Kostygov, Alexei Y.; Butenko, Anzhelika; Nenarokova, Anna; Tashyreva, Daria; Flegontov, Pavel; Lukeš, Julius; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav (2017).
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cells can bear a different number of the endosymbionts, and some do not have the bacteria at all. This indicates that the symbiosis in
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414:"Genome of Ca. Pandoraea novymonadis, an Endosymbiotic Bacterium of the Trypanosomatid Novymonas esmeraldas"
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Harmer, Jane; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav; Nenarokova, Anna; Lukeš, Julius; Ginger, Michael L. (2018).
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255:) Pandoraea novymonadis that belongs to Gram-negative rod-shaped β-proteobacteria in the family
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364:"Farming, slaving and enslavement: histories of endosymbioses during kinetoplastid evolution"
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185:. The endosymbiotic bacterium was identified as member of the genus
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Species of parasitic flagellate protist in the
Kinetoplastea class
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259:. Unlike in other symbiont-harbouring trypanosomatids such as
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spends it life cycle in the intestine (hindgut) of the bug,
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463:Novy, F. G.; MacNeal, W. J.; Torrey, H. N. (1907).
465:"The Trypanosomes of Mosquitoes and Other Insects"
285:has highly reduced genome, less genes and lower
249:The endosymbiont is a bacterium classified as (
177:with the bacteria as a sort of cell organelle (
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469:Journal of Infectious Diseases
173:bacteria. It maintains strict
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521:10.1016/j.protis.2011.01.001
138:Kostygov and Yurchenko, 2016
202:was discovered from a bug,
165:of a bug, and is in turn a
150:is a protist and member of
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418:Frontiers in Microbiology
380:10.1017/S0031182018000781
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32:Scientific classification
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431:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01940
175:mutualistic relationship
265:Kentomonas sorsogonicus
481:10.1093/infdis/4.2.223
163:gastrointestinal tract
331:10.1128/mBio.01985-15
208:Frederick George Novy
623:Endosymbiotic events
234:Niesthrea vincentii.
230:Novymonas esmeraldas
200:Novymonas esmeraldas
147:Novymonas esmeraldas
132:Novymonas esmeraldas
261:Strigonomas culicis
213:Strigomonas culicis
204:Niesthrea vincentii
633:Euglenozoa genera
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590:Open Tree of Life
545:Taxon identifiers
374:(10): 1311–1323.
159:obligate parasite
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515:(3): 503–524.
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50:(unranked):
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287:GC contents
239:kinetoplast
157:. It is an
152:flagellated
612:Categories
568:Q100348303
293:References
252:Candidatus
115:esmeraldas
67:Euglenozoa
618:Symbiosis
553:Novymonas
279:Novymonas
275:Novymonas
245:Bacterium
195:Discovery
188:Pandoraea
171:symbiotic
110:Species:
103:Novymonas
43:Eukaryota
25:Novymonas
562:Wikidata
529:21420905
489:30072673
450:29046673
424:: 1940.
396:48358857
388:29895336
349:26980834
62:Phylum:
55:Excavata
38:Domain:
595:5924124
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509:Protist
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220:Biology
161:in the
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319:mBio
167:host
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