136:
expenses were the major costs. This study concluded that despite
Australia's universal health coverage (medicare) a substantial portion of senior citizens suffer from excessive out-of-pocket expenditure, and this burden increases with increasing number of chronic conditions. Among the specific conditions, those who experienced cancer, high blood pressure, diabetes or depression were likely to report higher out-of-pocket expenditure. Some ways to improve physician knowledge of drug costs were thought to be increased physician-patient communication or higher use of information technology. Physicians with high rates of IT use did not have significantly higher knowledge or drug costs. Health IT design should be improved to make it easier for physicians to access cost information at the point of care.
135:
A 2014 study published from
Australia shows that the out-of-pocket cost burden falls most heavily on patients who are least able to bear it, both in terms of their health and in terms of their income. Among the respondents 14% experienced a heavy financial burden. Medication and medical service
117:
Out-of-pocket costs are high especially when it comes to prescription drugs in the United States. Before investing in a health care plan, it is very useful to examine the out-of-pocket prescription costs as they may be very low or very high. High out-of-pocket costs may correlate with lower
122:
is a federal program aimed at lowering prescription drug costs for
Medicare beneficiaries; however, after the first year of Medicare Part D, out-of-pocket drug costs were down, but there was not a noticeable reduction in
66:
are not, since the outlay of cash covers expenses accrued over a longer period of time. The services rendered and other in-kind expenses are not considered out-of-pocket expenses; the same goes for
1349:
109:
sector, this represents the share of the expenses that the insured party must pay directly to the health care provider, without a third-party (insurer, or government).
1364:
629:
609:
81:
Organizations often reimburse out-of-pocket expenses incurred on their behalf, especially expenses incurred by employees on their employers' behalf. In the
1359:
735:
1369:
527:
1354:
624:
570:
765:
694:
760:
1339:
730:
720:
478:"Out-of-pocket expenditure by Australian seniors with chronic disease: the effect of specific diseases and morbidity clusters"
1344:
1567:
357:"Development and validation of an index to predict personal prescription drug importation by adults in the United States"
1502:
750:
651:
1319:
1016:
962:
636:
405:
801:
127:
visits, hospitalization, or health utility score. Perhaps, some diseases will be more sensitive to
Medicare Part D.
967:
831:
725:
1046:
935:
745:
646:
1419:
1171:
1041:
1021:
689:
641:
1076:
1222:
1011:
879:
826:
684:
674:
563:
1314:
947:
775:
75:
1329:
1144:
999:
884:
846:
97:
is to have expended personal resources, often unexpectedly or unfairly, at the end of some enterprise.
85:, out-of-pocket expenses for such things as charity, medical bills, and education may be deductions on
1438:
1381:
1004:
984:
811:
699:
619:
124:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1472:
1334:
1294:
1056:
1026:
894:
755:
679:
669:
531:
1540:
1533:
1445:
1324:
1249:
1066:
1031:
942:
899:
869:
841:
836:
806:
780:
604:
556:
106:
314:
Kogan MD, Newacheck PW, Blumberg SJ, Ghandour RM, Singh GK, Strickland BB, et al. (2010).
1394:
1264:
1156:
1120:
1110:
1071:
1061:
989:
979:
909:
509:
446:
386:
337:
296:
247:
198:
1562:
1507:
1462:
1407:
1399:
1389:
1166:
1090:
930:
904:
889:
796:
614:
596:
499:
489:
436:
428:
420:
376:
368:
327:
286:
278:
237:
229:
188:
155:
1519:
1482:
1458:
1259:
1254:
1234:
1193:
1188:
1135:
1130:
994:
974:
851:
816:
463:
404:
Baicker K, Taubman SL, Allen HL, Bernstein M, Gruber JH, Newhouse JP, et al. (2013).
119:
86:
1425:
1274:
957:
821:
715:
661:
504:
477:
441:
381:
356:
291:
266:
242:
217:
17:
1556:
1228:
1149:
1097:
1036:
874:
740:
267:"Estimating the Effect of Health Insurance on Personal Prescription Drug Importation"
82:
71:
55:
43:
1477:
1289:
1284:
1244:
1205:
150:
118:
prescription adherence and more importation of medications from foreign countries.
67:
51:
1512:
1467:
1140:
925:
1411:
1403:
1279:
1200:
1161:
1105:
494:
282:
1453:
1269:
1239:
1210:
952:
579:
145:
513:
450:
390:
341:
300:
251:
202:
424:
332:
315:
233:
1177:
193:
176:
63:
47:
432:
1115:
1051:
372:
177:"Use of health services by previously uninsured Medicare beneficiaries"
770:
464:
The Impact Of
Medicare Part D On Prescription Drug Use By The Elderly
1430:
46:
from a third-party source. For example, when operating a vehicle,
528:"Health Information Technology | CodingAndBillingCareer.org"
406:"The Oregon experiment--effects of Medicaid on clinical outcomes"
1125:
355:
Zullo, Andrew R.; Dore, David D.; Galárraga, Omar (March 2015).
552:
216:
Hurd MD, Martorell P, Delavande A, Mullen KJ, Langa KM (2013).
42:), is the direct payment of money that may or may not be later
90:
59:
548:
175:
McWilliams JM, Meara E, Zaslavsky AM, Ayanian JZ (2007).
27:
Direct payment of money that may or may not be reimbursed
476:
Islam, MM; Yen, L; Valderas, JM & McRae, I (2014).
466:. Content.healthaffairs.org. Retrieved on 2011-04-17.
265:
Zullo, AR; Howe, CJ; Galárraga, O (2 February 2016).
316:"Underinsurance among children in the United States"
1380:
1305:
1089:
918:
860:
789:
708:
660:
595:
586:
361:Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research
54:are considered out-of-pocket expenses for a trip.
218:"Monetary costs of dementia in the United States"
564:
8:
592:
571:
557:
549:
503:
493:
440:
380:
331:
290:
241:
192:
167:
7:
610:Accidental death and dismemberment
25:
736:Directors and officers liability
271:Medical Care Research and Review
1:
1503:Savings and loan association
936:Insurance-linked securities
1586:
625:Total permanent disability
1528:
1365:Health insurance coverage
630:Business overhead expense
495:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1008
766:Protection and indemnity
283:10.1177/1077558716629039
1223:Explanation of benefits
695:Variable universal life
1360:Health insurance costs
761:Professional liability
18:Out-of-pocket payments
1216:Out-of-pocket expense
1077:Workers' compensation
731:Collateral protection
721:Business interruption
425:10.1056/NEJMsa1212321
333:10.1056/NEJMsa0909994
234:10.1056/NEJMsa1204629
107:health care financing
32:out-of-pocket expense
1568:Financial regulation
1439:Corpus Juris Civilis
194:10.1056/NEJMsa067712
125:emergency department
1498:Rochdale Principles
1493:Mutual savings bank
1488:Mutual organization
1473:Cooperative banking
1390:Mesopotamian banker
670:Longevity insurance
93:regulations. To be
50:, parking fees and
1250:Insurable interest
751:Payment protection
652:Payment protection
373:10.1111/jphs.12088
36:out-of-pocket cost
1550:
1549:
1395:Code of Hammurabi
1370:Vehicle insurance
1265:Replacement value
1157:Actual cash value
1121:Adverse selection
1111:Actuarial science
1085:
1084:
1017:Kidnap and ransom
990:Extended warranty
637:Income protection
482:BMC Public Health
16:(Redirected from
1575:
1508:Social insurance
1463:Friendly society
1355:Health insurance
1183:Short rate table
931:Catastrophe bond
832:Lenders mortgage
593:
573:
566:
559:
550:
543:
542:
540:
539:
530:. Archived from
524:
518:
517:
507:
497:
473:
467:
461:
455:
454:
444:
410:
401:
395:
394:
384:
352:
346:
345:
335:
311:
305:
304:
294:
262:
256:
255:
245:
213:
207:
206:
196:
172:
156:Personal finance
101:Health financing
21:
1585:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1524:
1520:Insurance cycle
1483:Fraternal order
1376:
1307:
1301:
1260:Proximate cause
1255:Insurance fraud
1235:General average
1194:Claims adjuster
1136:Risk management
1131:Risk assessment
1095:
1092:
1081:
1047:Prize indemnity
914:
862:
856:
785:
746:Over-redemption
704:
656:
647:National health
588:
582:
577:
547:
546:
537:
535:
526:
525:
521:
475:
474:
470:
462:
458:
419:(18): 1713–22.
408:
403:
402:
398:
354:
353:
349:
313:
312:
308:
264:
263:
259:
228:(14): 1326–34.
215:
214:
210:
174:
173:
169:
164:
142:
133:
120:Medicare Part D
115:
103:
89:, according to
87:US income taxes
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1555:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1541:List of topics
1537:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1426:Burial society
1416:
1415:
1414:
1408:§235–238; §240
1400:§100–105; §126
1392:
1386:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1350:Climate change
1342:
1340:United Kingdom
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1311:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1297:
1287:
1285:Underinsurance
1282:
1277:
1275:Self-insurance
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1225:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1181:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1108:
1102:
1100:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1042:Political risk
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1022:Legal expenses
1019:
1014:
1009:
1008:
1007:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
971:
970:
965:
955:
950:
945:
940:
939:
938:
933:
922:
920:
916:
915:
913:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
866:
864:
858:
857:
855:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
802:Builder's risk
799:
793:
791:
787:
786:
784:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
726:Business owner
723:
718:
712:
710:
706:
705:
703:
702:
697:
692:
690:Universal life
687:
682:
677:
672:
666:
664:
658:
657:
655:
654:
649:
644:
642:Long-term care
639:
634:
633:
632:
627:
617:
612:
607:
601:
599:
590:
584:
583:
578:
576:
575:
568:
561:
553:
545:
544:
519:
468:
456:
396:
347:
306:
277:(2): 178–207.
257:
208:
166:
165:
163:
160:
159:
158:
153:
148:
141:
138:
132:
129:
114:
111:
102:
99:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1581:
1580:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1530:
1527:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1345:United States
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1304:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1229:Force majeure
1226:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1150:Value of life
1148:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1088:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1012:Interest rate
1010:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
937:
934:
932:
929:
928:
927:
924:
923:
921:
917:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
880:Inland marine
878:
876:
875:GAP insurance
873:
871:
868:
867:
865:
863:Communication
859:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
794:
792:
788:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
713:
711:
707:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
685:Unitised fund
683:
681:
678:
676:
675:Mortgage life
673:
671:
668:
667:
665:
663:
659:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
631:
628:
626:
623:
622:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
602:
600:
598:
594:
591:
585:
581:
574:
569:
567:
562:
560:
555:
554:
551:
534:on 2014-09-15
533:
529:
523:
520:
515:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
487:
483:
479:
472:
469:
465:
460:
457:
452:
448:
443:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
407:
400:
397:
392:
388:
383:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
351:
348:
343:
339:
334:
329:
326:(9): 841–51.
325:
321:
317:
310:
307:
302:
298:
293:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
261:
258:
253:
249:
244:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
212:
209:
204:
200:
195:
190:
187:(2): 143–53.
186:
182:
178:
171:
168:
161:
157:
154:
152:
151:Capital goods
149:
147:
144:
143:
139:
137:
130:
128:
126:
121:
113:United States
112:
110:
108:
100:
98:
96:
95:out of pocket
92:
88:
84:
83:United States
79:
77:
73:
72:capital goods
69:
65:
62:changes, and
61:
57:
56:Car insurance
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
1539:
1532:
1478:Credit union
1444:
1437:
1418:
1290:Underwriting
1245:Insurability
1227:
1215:
1206:Co-insurance
1176:
1172:Cancellation
963:Catastrophic
948:Climate risk
776:Trade credit
536:. Retrieved
532:the original
522:
485:
481:
471:
459:
433:1721.1/82640
416:
413:N Engl J Med
412:
399:
367:(1): 33–41.
364:
360:
350:
323:
320:N Engl J Med
319:
309:
274:
270:
260:
225:
222:N Engl J Med
221:
211:
184:
181:N Engl J Med
180:
170:
134:
116:
104:
94:
80:
68:depreciation
39:
35:
31:
29:
1513:Trade union
1468:Cooperative
1141:Uncertainty
1000:Index-based
968:Multi-peril
926:Reinsurance
885:Public auto
790:Residential
1557:Categories
1308:by country
1306:Insurance
1280:Total loss
1201:Deductible
1162:Cash value
1106:Act of God
1091:Insurance
1005:Parametric
985:Expatriate
861:Transport/
827:Landlords'
812:Earthquake
700:Whole life
620:Disability
538:2014-09-14
162:References
44:reimbursed
1454:Syndicate
1420:Collegium
1315:Australia
1270:Risk pool
1240:Indemnity
1211:Copayment
1145:Knightian
1057:Terrorism
1027:Liability
895:Satellite
756:Pollution
680:Term life
589:insurance
587:Types of
580:Insurance
146:Car costs
131:Australia
76:depletion
1534:Category
1412:§275–277
1330:Pakistan
1178:Pro rata
1067:War risk
1032:No-fault
943:Casualty
900:Shipping
870:Aviation
847:Renters'
842:Property
837:Mortgage
807:Contents
781:Umbrella
741:Fidelity
709:Business
605:Accident
514:25260348
488:: 1008.
451:23635051
391:27375777
342:20818845
301:26837427
252:23550670
203:17625126
140:See also
64:interest
48:gasoline
1563:Expense
1459:Benefit
1446:Digesta
1382:History
1116:Actuary
1072:Weather
1062:Tuition
1052:Takaful
980:Deposit
910:Vehicle
505:4182884
442:3701298
382:4930104
292:4970983
243:3959992
105:In the
1335:Serbia
1295:Profit
1167:Broker
1093:policy
905:Travel
890:Marine
797:Boiler
771:Surety
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1320:China
1189:Claim
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852:Title
817:Flood
409:(PDF)
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248:PMID
199:PMID
1098:law
1037:Pet
500:PMC
490:doi
437:PMC
429:hdl
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377:PMC
369:doi
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287:PMC
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