61:
299:. Work continued until 1889 with a blockhouse in top of the position and a rock-cut battery in the face of the mountain, which housed four 95mm naval guns. In 1891-92 the blockhouse was expanded to two levels for a barracks, and from 1898 to 1906 a subterranean barracks was excavated. The whole was surrounded by a perimeter wall. The fort was armed with six guns on the ramparts in addition to the four naval guns in their unique casemate, which was added between 1898 and 1906. The garrison was 120 men. The perimeter was laid out with re-entrant angles to sweep the walls with fields of fire.
428:
de
Position, armed with four 280mm mortars, established dispersed positions and opened fire on 21 June, guided by observers at Janus, and silencing the Chaberton guns. On 23 and 24 June Janus fired on Italian positions, with continued heavy French mortar fire directed at Chaberton. Janus's commanding officer altered the guns' shields to open a broader line of fire against the Col de Montgenèvre. The armistice of 25 June brought fighting to an end.
337:
48:
68:
279:. The ouvrage consists of one entry block, two infantry blocks, two artillery blocks, two observation blocks and one combination block at an altitude of 2,540 metres (8,330 ft), the second highest fortification on the Alps in 1940. Built on the site of the old Fort Janus, it retained the old fort's 95mm naval guns and added two 75mm guns
332:
incorporates subterranean elements of the old fort, particularly the entry and underground barracks. New galleries were extended to the ends of the rock fin to Blocks 4, 5, 6 and 7 on the north and blocks 1 and 2 on the south. The massive Block 8 inherited from the original fort occupies the center
442:
Janus was recaptured by Free French forces on 4 September 1944. Immediately after the war, the Briançon region was regarded as an area of medium priority for restoration and reuse by the military. By the 1950s the positions in the
Southeast of France were restored and operational again. However, by
427:
was fired upon by the 149mm guns of the
Italian Fort Chaberton, 600 metres (2,000 ft) higher in altitude. The bombardment continued the next day and on the 21st, with significant damage to the surface installations and the 95mm gun embrasures. The 6th Battery of the 154th RĂ©giment d'Artillerie
302:
The underground component comprised three large chambers, a cistern with a capacity of 100 cubic meters of water, a kitchen, a small magazine and a connection to the 95mm gun casemate. The gun positions were separated by prominent buttresses to prevent fragments from affecting the entire battery,
324:
agreement with Italy, but restarted in 1938 as relations with Italy and
Germany deteriorated. The cost of the new work amounted to 10.3 million francs (not including armament). When the position was occupied in 1938, numerous deficiencies in heat, ventilation and optical sighting equipment were
319:
in 1926. Work began in 1931, abandoning some of the older work and creating new underground facilities to the
Maginot Line standard. A gallery connected the new position to the Séré de Rivières works. Work stopped in July 1935 as a result of the
446:
The site is presently owned by
Montgenèvre and is under study for public access. The above-ground portion of the site is unsecured. Damage from the 1940 Italian bombardment has not been repaired. The Maginot positions are closed to access.
443:
1960, with France's acquisition of nuclear weapons, the cost and effectiveness of the
Maginot system was called into question. Between 1964 and 1971 nearly all of the Maginot fortifications were deactivated.
60:
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and each gun was provided with an exhaust hood for gun fumes. The 95mm battery provided flanking fire to the
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Given the existing facilities and the site's strategic importance, the site was selected for a
Maginot
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The location was known from the end of the 18th century as the Château Jouan, occupied by a
980:
492:
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353:(entry): one machine gun embrasure and one heavy machine gun/47mm anti-tank gun embrasure.
304:
1394:
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47:
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25:
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le fort du Janus, aboutissement de 250 ans de fortification dans le Briançonnais
272:
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29:
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527:
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360:
234:
72nd
Batailllon Alpin de Fortresse, 154th RĂ©giment d'Artillerie de Position
923:
Hommes et
Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 4 - La fortification alpine.
435:
and disarmed them. In August 1943, southern France was occupied by the
403:(artillery): four 95mm naval guns, incorporated from the earlier fort.
878:
Fortress France: The Maginot Line and French Defenses in World War II
288:
226:└─Briançon-Haute-Durance — Cherveyrette, Quartier Vachette-Janus
38:
890:
Kaufmann, J.E., Kaufmann, H.W., JancoviÄŤ-PotoÄŤnik, A. and Lang, P.
418:
for a broader discussion of the Dauphiné sector of the Alpine Line.
491:(in French). DRAC Alpes-Provence-Cote d'Azur. 2002. Archived from
335:
1014:
569:
Puelinckx, Jean; Aublet, Jean-Louis; Mainguin, Sylvie (2010).
431:
After the 1940 armistice, Italian forces occupied the Alpine
1372:
1214:
1126:
1080:
1051:
938:Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques.
921:Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques.
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18:
295:fortification was begun on the massif, called the
940:Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 5.
397:(infantry): one heavy twin machine gun cloche.
391:(infantry): one heavy twin machine gun cloche.
1026:
575:Index de la fortification française 1874-1914
564:
562:
560:
8:
512:
510:
1033:
1019:
1011:
603:
601:
193:
15:
942:Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009.
925:Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009.
908:, Ă©ditions Atelier Rankki, 200 p., 2012,
479:
477:
475:
473:
471:
1081:Fortified Sector of Savoy (La Maurienne)
541:Vauborg, CĂ©dric; Vauborg, Julie (2010).
467:
1216:Fortified Sector of the Maritime Alps
981:Patrimoine XXeme, Forteresse du Janus
806:Puelinckx, Jean; et al. (2010).
779:Puelinckx, Jean; et al. (2010).
752:Puelinckx, Jean; et al. (2010).
725:Puelinckx, Jean; et al. (2010).
698:Puelinckx, Jean; et al. (2010).
644:Puelinckx, Jean; et al. (2010).
617:Puelinckx, Jean; et al. (2010).
369:(artillery): two 75mm gun embrasures.
67:
7:
1004:, Ministère français de la Culture.
892:The Maginot Line: History and Guide
876:Kaufmann, J.E. and Kaufmann, H.W.
14:
1380:Defensive Organization of Corsica
866:Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2003.
1128:Fortified Sector of the Dauphiné
416:Fortified Sector of the Dauphiné
333:of the ridge, facing southeast.
222:Fortified Sector of the Dauphiné
178:Concrete, steel, rock excavation
66:
59:
46:
671:Puelinckx, Jean; e tal (2010).
363:and two 81mm mortar embrasures.
1421:World War II museums in France
528:"Briancon and the French Alps"
379:and one machine gun embrasure.
361:heavy twin machine gun cloches
1:
1401:Fortified Sector of Dauphine
457:List of Alpine Line ouvrages
291:-era round tower. In 1883 a
385:(observation): no armament.
307:on the Montgenèvre massif.
1442:
1426:Fortifications of Briançon
545:(in French). Fortiff' Séré
187:Italian invasion of France
1053:Fortified Sector of Savoy
880:, Stackpole Books, 2006.
864:The Maginot Line 1928-45.
812:Index de la Ligne Maginot
785:Index de la Ligne Maginot
758:Index de la Ligne Maginot
731:Index de la Ligne Maginot
704:Index de la Ligne Maginot
677:Index de la Ligne Maginot
650:Index de la Ligne Maginot
623:Index de la Ligne Maginot
271:, located to the east of
267:'s Alpine extension, the
54:
45:
35:
23:
850:Mary, Tome 5, pp.164-175
832:Mary, Tome 5, pp.100-102
1416:Séré de Rivières system
963:Janus (gros ouvrage du)
894:, Pen and Sword, 2011.
814:(in French). fortiff.be
787:(in French). fortiff.be
760:(in French). fortiff.be
733:(in French). fortiff.be
706:(in French). fortiff.be
679:(in French). fortiff.be
652:(in French). fortiff.be
625:(in French). fortiff.be
607:Mary, Tome 5, pp. 25–26
577:(in French). fortiff.be
526:Brock, Mike & Ann.
293:Séré de Rivières system
205:Large artillery work (
341:
1274:Baisse de Saint-VĂ©ran
1045:(Little Maginot Line)
808:"Janus(go du) Bloc 8"
781:"Janus(go du) Bloc 7"
754:"Janus(go du) Bloc 6"
727:"Janus(go du) Bloc 5"
700:"Janus(go du) Bloc 4"
673:"Janus(go du) Bloc 3"
646:"Janus(go du) Bloc 2"
619:"Janus(go du) Bloc 1"
516:Kaufmann 2006, p. 177
485:"Forteresse du Janus"
339:
423:On 19 June 1940 the
250:12 officers, 218 men
1359:Croupe du RĂ©servoir
1181:Saint Ours Nord-est
1176:Fontvive Nord-ouest
904:Marquilie, Franck,
841:Mary, Tome 5, p.147
595:Mary, Tome 4, p. 29
375:(observation): one
103: /
1334:Col des Banquettes
862:Allcorn, William.
543:"Le fort du Janus"
495:on 5 December 2008
377:observation cloche
342:
277:Col de Montgenèvre
136:Controlled by
1388:
1387:
1254:Col du Caire Gros
1229:Col de la Valette
1141:Col de la Buffère
991:at Fortiff' Séré
948:978-2-35250-127-5
931:978-2-915239-46-1
914:978-2-9544873-0-4
900:978-1-84884-068-3
359:(artillery): two
254:
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239:Number of blocks:
192:
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107:44.8929°N 6.747°E
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1309:Champ de Tir
1304:Monte Grosso
1224:Col de Crous
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1093:Saint-Gobain
1067:Cave-Ă -Canon
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265:Maginot Line
261:gros ouvrage
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218:└─sub-sector
207:Gros ouvrage
206:
183:Battles/wars
154:Site history
144:Open to
26:Maginot Line
1411:Alpine Line
1339:Saint-Agnès
1289:Col d'Agnon
1259:Col du Fort
1206:La Moutière
1042:Alpine Line
1006:(in French)
993:(in French)
984:(in French)
976:(in French)
967:(in French)
951:(in French)
934:(in French)
917:(in French)
345:Description
325:uncovered.
269:Alpine Line
259:is a work (
167:In use
149:Under study
131:Montgenèvre
110: /
86:Coordinates
30:Alpine Line
1395:Categories
1364:Cap Martin
1354:Roquebrune
1319:Saint-Roch
1279:Plan Caval
1244:Valdeblore
1151:Les Aittes
1108:Pas du Roc
818:3 February
791:3 February
764:3 February
737:3 February
710:3 February
683:3 February
656:3 February
629:3 February
581:4 February
549:4 February
499:3 February
463:References
95:44°53′34″N
37:Southeast
1349:Mont Agel
1329:Castillon
1324:Barbonnet
1314:L'Agaisen
1249:La Séréna
1239:Fressinéa
1191:Restefond
1103:Le Lavoir
1062:Chatelard
263:) of the
247:Strength:
231:Regiment:
175:Materials
170:Preserved
98:6°44′49″E
1284:La BĂ©ole
1264:Gordolon
1113:Arrondaz
451:See also
433:ouvrages
340:Entrance
273:Briançon
24:Part of
1373:Corsica
1234:Rimplas
1156:Gondran
425:ouvrage
408:History
401:Block 8
395:Block 7
389:Block 6
383:Block 5
373:Block 4
367:Block 3
357:Block 2
351:Block 1
330:ouvrage
317:ouvrage
1294:La DĂ©a
946:
929:
912:
898:
884:
870:
289:Vauban
215:sector
139:France
39:France
1269:Flaut
1136:Janus
1088:Sapey
128:Owner
944:ISBN
927:ISBN
910:ISBN
896:ISBN
882:ISBN
868:ISBN
820:2010
793:2010
766:2010
739:2010
712:2010
685:2010
658:2010
631:2010
583:2010
551:2010
501:2010
414:See
162:CORF
1397::
1000::
810:.
783:.
756:.
729:.
702:.
675:.
648:.
621:.
600:^
573:.
559:^
509:^
487:.
470:^
28:,
1034:e
1027:t
1020:v
822:.
795:.
768:.
741:.
714:.
687:.
660:.
633:.
585:.
553:.
530:.
503:.
242:8
209:)
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