1196:
84:
1528:
25:
176:
of 27 February 1906, the
Trinity College correspondent reported that "Our First Togger bumped Pembroke on Thursday, New College II on Saturday, Brasenose on Monday, Exeter on Tuesday. The Second Togger bumped Wadham on Thursday, Keble II on Friday, and St. Catherine's on Monday. We wish them
387:
was known to
British soldiers as "Wipers" (and this is still often used by the town's inhabitants if speaking English). This had some hallmarks of an "-er" coinage and the form would have been familiar to many young officers, but "Wipers" was essentially an attempt to anglicize a name
445:
sound is usually spelled "-a" rather than "-er") is found in names containing a pronounced "r", e.g., "Darren", "Barry", etc. where in addition to the "-er", the "r"-sound is replaced by a "zz" so one gets "Dazza" from "Darren", "Bazza" from "Barry".
213:
hard "cc/ck"). In this context, he suggested that "baccy", because of the "cc" in "tobacco", was "more acceptable than soccer" (there being no "cc" in "Association"). "Socker" was the form that appeared in the first edition of the
339:) and "exhibitioner" (an undergraduate holding a type of scholarship called an exhibition) – are not examples. Nor are slang nouns like "bounder" or "scorcher", formed by adding "-er" to a verb. "Topper" (for "
1946:, meaning ugly (an abbreviation of "everything but 'er face"), is a 21st-century example of the "-er" as "street" slang, as in "She's well butters, innit". This is similar in concept to the well-established
1619:
people hold to have been derived from actually being slang itself, a cruel victim of the Oxford "er". The original word "bant" refers to a drinking toll exacted on those passing from the main quadrangle of
1624:
to its secondary
Radcliffe "quad" between the hours of 7 and 10 PM, The tollgate itself being the entrance to a shared student room, and the toll being the rapid consumption of an alcoholic beverage.
307:(1945), Oxford undergraduate Anthony Blanche claims that "I was lunching with my p-p-preposterous tutor. He thought it very odd my leaving when I did. I told him I had to change for f-f-footer."
616:(i.e. "yummy") was applied to "another lovely cake sent in by one of our listeners". Blowers (Henry Blofeld) has continued the tradition, referring on one occasion to a particular stroke as
2677:
343:") may appear to be an example, but as a word meaning excellent person or thing, existed from the early 18th century. Both "top hat" and "topper" as synonymous terms date from
3138:
124:
376:(one pound note), though this was always less prevalent than the higher denominations and is virtually obsolete following the introduction of the pound coin in 1983.
331:
Typically such words are formed by abbreviating or altering the original word and adding "-er". Words to which "-er" is simply suffixed to provide a word with a
1801:
231:
in 1927, recalled that "Rugby football ... in those days, I think, was never called anything but rugger unless it were just football". Around the same time the
323:
As late as 1972 the retired headmaster of a
Hertfordshire grammar school recalled "the footer" (by which he meant rugby) having had a poor season in 1953–54.
1641:, an "-er" contraction of "cheese-cutter". The names applied to conkers that have triumphed in conker fights are arguably "-er" forms ("one-er", "twelver",
1657:, though, with reference to a boundary in cricket scoring four runs, his poem, "The Cricketer in Winter" contained the line, "And giving batsmen needless
2634:
2311:
The Wipers Times: A facsimile reprint of the trench magazines: The Wipers Times-The New Church Times-The Kemmel Times-The Somme Times-The B.E.F. Times,
1968:
is probably derived from "cracked" and ultimately from "crazy"; Partridge cited "get the crackers" as a late 19th-century slang for "to go mad".
2098:
was asked at breakfast if he was playing rugger "No" he replied "I'm playing soccer" (Granville, 1969, p. 29). But Ekblom opines that, like the
3030:
3001:
1137:
756:
2448:
737:(b. 1981) was often described in the British press as "Britters". Unsurprisingly, her boyfriend when she first rose to fame, the singer
515:
2687:
2087:
68:
35:
1800:, though this form (probably late 20th century) has appeared on a number of websites and in print and Wodehouse's first employer,
989:
641:(b. 1968), who subsequently became a commentator on both radio and TV ("all cricket-lovers have crackpot theories, even Athers");
1585:(1927–2001), describing an episode on military service in the late 1940s, referred several times to a particular brigadier as "
2770:
180:
600:
705:(b. 1936) as "Blashers" (as in "Hats off to Blashers", reporting his having assisted in the design of a hat for explorers);
1494:, complete with cut-out Old and New Testament cribs in the form of shirt cuffs to enable candidates to cheat in the exam".
1356:
1057:
558:
538:
2035:
1843:
1368:
1448:
in rowing was in use at both Oxford and
Cambridge from about the turn of the 20th century and may have arisen first at
831:
3128:
2409:
1008:(b. 1969): "I could not help wondering how 'Rampers' would have dealt with their ageing attack" (Bill Frindall, 2007);
1302:
50:
1621:
578:
46:
1234:
2784:
1419:
1278:
1222:
925:
2644:
1923:(1912–2004), set in a preparatory school of the 1950s, Jennings was "Jen", and not "Jenners". Even so, in the
2892:
2589:
2000:
1573:
At
Cambridge University, cleaning staff who change bed linen and towels in college rooms are referred to as
1290:
542:
312:
232:
1919:
aside, by the mid-20th century the "-er" was being replaced by snappier nicknames. Thus, in the stories of
882:(1905–85) as follows: "John said, 'Who's that girl?' And Griggers from a great height said, 'That's your PE
2886:
1762:
1628:
1426:... go about accompanied by small, thickset men in blue suits and bowler hats, who are known as bullers" (
389:
289:
1962:
and is most likely an "-er" coinage derived from "bonk" (in the sense of a blow to the head). Similarly,
191:(1866–1951). The first recorded use of "soccer" was in 1895 (or even earlier in 1892). Two years earlier
2095:
1971:
The late 20th century form, probably
Australian in origin, that gave rise to such nicknames as "Bazza" (
1632:
1314:
1158:
1040:
188:
1402:
was undergraduate slang for bonfire (c. 1890s), possibly, as
Partridge suggests, an allusion to Bishop
2453:
1825:
1663:" (which he rhymed with "more errs"). The "-er" was evident also in the school cricketing stories of
1326:
1081:
1069:
702:
370:(for five and ten pound note respectively) probably do fit the "-er" mould, as, more obviously, does
303:
184:
159:
859:
355:) seems to suggest that the former, itself originally slang, may have been derived from the latter.
2958:
2544:
1870:
1707:
1515:
471:
417:
202:
193:
172:
2682:
2639:
2099:
1920:
1880:
1818:
1432:
458:
2261:
1958:(initially meaning light-headed and, latterly, crazy) is uncertain, but seems to date from the
3143:
3026:
3018:
2997:
2474:
2134:
2128:
2083:
1984:
1829:
1730:
1449:
1407:
1384:
1218:
1140:(1831–1890), British Colonial Secretary in the 1860s-70s, on account of his twitchy behaviour;
911:
738:
278:
111:
2989:
2079:
1959:
1910:
1876:
1686:
1561:
1464:), now very dated as a form of congratulations, was recorded by Desmond Coke (1879–1931) in
1344:
1258:
1153:
1097:
1031:
879:
875:
661:, as "Posh and Becks"), but there are some instances of his being referred to as "Beckers");
654:
638:
590:
published a cartoon of
Johnston arriving at the gates of heaven with the greeting "Morning,
526:), but the "-ie" suffix is more common for commentating ex-players of this century, such as
227:
87:
1199:
Martyrs' Memorial ("Maggers
Memoggers") at the south end of St Giles' (the "Giler"), Oxford
320:
being asked whether he was fond of rugger, to which he replied "I don't think I know him".
2258:
2237:
2216:
1996:
1972:
1856:
1766:
1682:
1678:
1654:
1551:
1547:
1149:
1005:
985:
919:
899:
527:
380:
344:
336:
255:
2240:
2219:
3133:
2953:
2322:
2016:
2012:
1980:
1976:
1821:
in South West London, used for major Rugby Union fixtures, including the annual Oxford
1805:
1734:
1713:
1427:
1183:
1171:
1113:
1035:
1018:
943:
810:
734:
714:
511:
495:
463:
413:
397:
317:
273:
149:
119:
358:
Words like "rotter" (a disagreeable person, after "rotten") are somewhere in between.
197:
reported that "W. Neilson was elected captain of 'rugger' and T. N. Perkins of 'socker
3122:
2395:
2020:
1992:
1988:
1928:
1906:
1595:
1487:
1403:
1246:
993:
965:
915:
843:
835:
830:(b. 1967), British Deputy Prime Minister 2010-2015: shortly after the formation of a
797:
777:
759:
686:
682:
650:
503:
487:
429:
244:
222:
870:: recounting how she met John Betjeman, Alice Jennings, a programme engineer at the
2797:
2630:
2305:
2004:
1924:
1779:
1702:
1664:
1645:), though "conker" itself is derived from a dialect word for the shell of a snail.
1406:
of London (c. 1500–1569) who was involved in the burning of alleged heretics under
1195:
1125:
1027:
1023:
785:
605:
519:
479:
467:
298:
284:
268:
263:
115:
335:, though related, meaning – such as "Peeler" (early Metropolitan policeman, after
83:
612:(in fact, his common nickname, bestowed by Johnston, was "Sir Frederick"), while
2114:. Nov. 862. "When the boat~race, sports, and 'soccer' are in most men's minds."
2038:
addressed her husband, Prince Charles, as "Chazza", while he referred to her as
2023:
having been referred to in the press as "Lady Macca" (or sometimes "Mucca"). In
1839:
1582:
1274:
658:
586:
562:
531:
421:
2413:
1902:
1860:
1546:(for breakfast) is a coinage from the 1880s still in occasional use. In 1996,
1527:
1445:
1065:
1061:
969:
827:
784:
or spoof writers and especially with reference to his educational background (
722:
409:
240:
2539:
717:
was known as "Brackers". Tim Wonnacott also used this form with reference to
3081:
2721:
2138:
2008:
1797:
1758:
973:
954:
670:
401:
236:
170:
Eights races held in early Spring, and for the crews that rowed in them. In
114:
from about 1875, which is thought to have been borrowed from the slang of
1783:
1270:
425:
405:
1490:, as an undergraduate in 1928, published "a special 'Divvers' number of
653:(b. 1975) became known almost universally as "Becks" (and with his wife
392:) that some soldiers found difficult to pronounce. In the BBC TV series
154:
144:
138:
2449:"Albion fans applaud Peter Brackley at the 67th minute of Wolves Match"
1473:
1423:
1045:
815:
340:
167:
2766:
107:
604:, included in its long caption a reference to former England bowler
53:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
288:(A & C Black, 1909), all of which had first been serialised in
1526:
1486:
referred to divinity as a subject of study, as, for example, when
1194:
442:
384:
209:
in preference to "soccer" to emphasise its correct pronunciation (
82:
1478:
is an inter-collegiate sporting competition, derived from "cup".
781:
2666:
Splendid Isolation?: Britain and the Balance of Power 1874-1914
2152:
2115:
1696:
871:
18:
581:(though the latter was better known by his initials, "CMJ").
183:, derived from a transformation/emendation of the "assoc" in
902:(b. 1934), former Deputy Leader of the British Labour Party;
3071:
Balderdash and Piffle: One sandwich short of a dog's dinner
1695:
because of his bulging eyes (presumably an allusion to the
2678:"Carol Vorderman: Love, loss and missing Richard Whiteley"
2076:
Handbook of sports medicine and science. Football (soccer)
1913:
by saying "graggers on your teamer" to the selected boy.
685:(1906–1984) was generally known as "Betjy" or "Betj", but
673:, professional golfer, television commentator and analyst.
1613:
The common abbreviation "bant" is an archaism - the word
2293:
Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English, op. cit.
1838:
and journalist Frank Keating has referred to the annual
721:
expert James Braxton (owner of Edgar Horns Auctioneers,
598:
cartoon by McLachlan, reproduced in the 2007 edition of
2019:
and others is another variant, McCartney's former wife
1550:(1917–1996) in one of her final letters to her sister,
42:
1804:(HSBC, founded 1865), is sometimes referred to in the
1174:(b. 1947) was so described by journalist Hugo Vickers.
1068:(Worcester College), was referred to in the novels of
1064:
and great-great-grandfather of novelist and socialite
478:. He bestowed nicknames on his fellow commentators on
1786:, famously described in a railway poster of 1908 as "
187:, was popularised by a prominent English footballer,
2130:
Baily's Magazine of Sports & Pastimes, vol. lvii
584:
Following his death in 1994, the satirical magazine
1060:(1826-1913), father of politician and diplomat Sir
577:as that of commentator and cricketing journalist,
2994:Love from Boy: Roald Dahl's Letters to his Mother
1761:is largely anecdotal, as it is in respect of the
1554:, referred to "proper boiled eggs for breakker".
924:From the 1960s and subsequently, Elanwy Jones of
776:: applied occasionally to British Prime Minister
441:A common extension of the "-er" (though here the
243:, "footer in the rain a very real grievance" at
2094:Ekblom mentions that while he was up at Oxford,
858:: former Sunderland AFC local radio commentator
569:. The programme's producer, Peter Baxter, cited
456:The "-er" form was famously used on BBC radio's
1044:is often referred to as Rodders by his brother
1016:for Rodney, as in the BBC radio comedy series,
2339:
2337:
2335:
2011:) has some similarities to the Oxford "-er". "
1004:: the Surrey (and former Middlesex) cricketer
125:Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English
1909:(1929–34) the captain of a sport would award
1802:The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation
1026:, playing the part of Charles, addressed his
689:, among others, later adopted the "-er" form;
8:
518:). The habit extended to cricketers such as
118:. The term was defined by the lexicographer
1931:(b. 1965), Dudley Dursley was addressed as
1100:(1936–2003), TV scriptwriter and author of
408:during the First World War, Captain Edmund
106:", is a colloquial and sometimes facetious
2102:rugby story, it is most likely apocryphal.
725:) during the 2008 series of the programme.
506:, known also as "the Bearded Wonder") and
490:(who was known in Australia as "Blofly"),
239:noted that, for his thirteen-year-old son
2916:For example, in North London in the 1980s
1208:"-er" forms of Oxford locations include:
846:saying, "Polish these , Cleggers, old son
637:: Lancashire and England cricket captain
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
628:Other "-er"s as personal names include:
3139:Terminology of the University of Oxford
2380:John, Andrew and Stephen Blake (2004).
2053:
1518:, the inter-war principal of Brasenose.
553:when he made occasional appearances on
2447:Doherty-Cove, Jody (28 October 2018).
1084:, cricket correspondent of the London
972:referred to British Defence Secretary
2824:Decca: the Letters of Jessica Mitford
2133:. London: Vinton. 1892. p. 198.
1653:There are few "-ers" in the books of
1329:, which has also been referred to as
1170:: former British Government Minister
136:The "-er" gave rise to such words as
7:
2165:A Dictionary of Modern English Usage
1673:(this, of course, was Mr Howliss)" (
1138:Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon
968:of 1982 Conservative MP and diarist
404:, 1988), a comedy series set in the
2686:. 15 September 2010. Archived from
1796:, for the former British colony of
988:, probably originally referring to
984:: various holders of the title of
2722:"Journalist Wooldridge dies at 75"
2538:Beaumont, Mark (7 February 2008).
1869:, particularly by visitors to the
1765:held since 1949 in the grounds of
1124:: Middlesex and England cricketer
649:: former England football captain
14:
1570:: "They like champers up north".
1564:) occurs frequently, often spelt
1156:(1943–2005), her co-presenter of
701:referred to the explorer Colonel
424:) occasionally addressed Private
2281:Elizabethan Headmaster 1930–1961
1148:: used privately by broadcaster
1112:: the Oxford nickname of writer
1034:): "Absolutely dolly, Rodders".
976:(b. 1932) as "poor old Notters";
681:: as an undergraduate, the poet
545:, whose most usual nickname was
294:before appearing in book form.
23:
2783:One example from the College's
2167:, 1926. See also Susie Dent on
2565:Quoted in Andy McSmith (2010)
2513:Quoted in A. N. Wilson (2006)
2151:1893 Westm. Gaz. 17 Oct. 5/3.
1552:Deborah, Duchess of Devonshire
1418:for the University Police, or
1:
2382:Cricket—it's a funny old game
2171:, Channel 4 TV, 30 June 2009.
1952:(stark naked). The origin of
1325:: memorial, particularly the
1204:University and City locations
549:, was sometimes addressed as
539:Hampshire County Cricket Club
2579:Playfair Cricket Annual 2007
2036:Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall
1056:: the Yorkshire squire, Sir
282:(A & C Black, 1907) and
258:makes several references to
128:(several editions 1937–61).
2872:Murray Hedgcock (ed, 1997)
2270:. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
2249:. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
2228:. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
2078:. Wiley-Blackwell. p.
928:was known to her circle as
466:(1912–94). Johnston was ex-
49:the claims made and adding
3160:
2826:(ed Peter Y Sussman, 2006)
2604:Elizabeth Hamilton (1999)
2577:Bill Frindall, preface to
2410:"Beemer remembers PGA win"
2030:occasional spoof romance,
1883:, has been referred to as
1832:, is often abbreviated to
1733:, the country seat of the
1622:University College, Oxford
1072:as "Tatters" or "Old Tat";
579:Christopher Martin-Jenkins
2988:Sturrock, Donald (2016).
2746:See generally Partridge,
2540:"Morrissey Greatest Hits"
1757:for the racquet sport of
1531:A little light bre(a)kker
1293:, officially "Deep Hall";
216:Concise Oxford Dictionary
132:Rugger, footer and soccer
2620:(ed. Peter Baxter, 1983)
2606:The Warwickshire Scandal
2567:No Such Thing as Society
2367:Baxter, Peter (ed 1981)
2194:Sort of a Cricket Person
1863:is sometimes reduced to
1102:Tales from the Long Room
926:Collett Dickenson Pearce
573:as his own nickname and
351:1810–20) and Partridge (
225:, who joined the London
166:was widely used for the
3023:Boy: Tales of Childhood
3019:"Games and photography"
2893:The Seven Dials Mystery
2884:Agatha Christie (1925)
2874:Wodehouse at the Wicket
2759:Hillier, Bevis (1988).
2313:(Herbert Jenkins, 1918)
2204:See David Faber (2005)
2001:Antony Worrall Thompson
953:(or "Mozza"): musician
898:with reference to Roy,
713:: Football commentator
543:Colin Ingleby-Mackenzie
313:Stiff Upper Lip, Jeeves
90:, Oxford – the "Radder"
3069:See Alex Games (2007)
2978:Public School Magazine
2887:The Secret of Chimneys
2822:Letter, 23 July 1996:
2393:For example, Scottish
2074:Ekblom, Björn (1994).
2064:27 February 1906, 248.
1705:referred to his books
1649:20th-century novelists
1532:
1305:; also St Giles' Café;
1200:
780:(b. 1966), notably by
755:(or "Bozza"): British
561:bowler and journalist
474:, and widely known as
316:(1963), Wodehouse has
91:
3047:Larpers and Shroomers
2996:. John Murray Press.
2904:D. J. Taylor (2007)
2664:John Charmley (1999)
2192:E. W. Swanton (1972)
2096:Charles Wreford-Brown
1530:
1422:: for example, "The
1289:: the beer cellar of
1198:
1041:Only Fools and Horses
878:referred to producer
842:, had Prime Minister
814:video game character
394:Blackadder Goes Forth
189:Charles Wreford-Brown
86:
3017:Dahl, Roald (2008).
2976:"The Ways We Have".
2848:Shadows in the Grass
2635:"Tollers & Jack"
2618:Test Match Special 2
2454:The Argus (Brighton)
2206:Speaking for England
1811:Honkers and Shankers
1772:The same is true of
1677:, 1916). In the two
1514:was the nickname of
1182:: sports journalist
832:coalition government
703:John Blashford-Snell
624:Other personal forms
383:the Belgian town of
304:Brideshead Revisited
185:association football
177:continued success."
160:association football
142:and the now archaic
2966:, 1–14 October 2010
2906:Bright Young People
2863:, 14 September 2006
2545:New Musical Express
2399:, 21 September 2003
2279:Jenkins, Ernest H.
2062:The Oxford Magazine
1881:Dukes of Devonshire
1871:Cheltenham Gold Cup
1769:, Gloucestershire.
1516:William Stallybrass
1492:The University News
1392:Other Oxonian forms
1266:Compers and Benders
918:and TV personality
565:was referred to as
472:New College, Oxford
203:Henry Watson Fowler
194:The Western Gazette
173:The Oxford Magazine
3129:1875 introductions
3084:The Word Detective
3045:Susie Dent (2004)
2690:on 15 January 2021
2683:The Yorkshire Post
2640:Christianity Today
2616:Brian Johnston in
2488:See, for example,
2369:Test Match Special
2356:Test Match Special
2100:William Webb Ellis
1921:Anthony Buckeridge
1917:Test Match Special
1782:seaside resort of
1604:(blue blazer) and
1533:
1466:Sandford of Merton
1433:The Moving Toyshop
1357:St Stephen's House
1201:
733:: American singer
657:, formerly of the
459:Test Match Special
451:Test Match Special
327:What is and is not
221:The sports writer
92:
34:possibly contains
3032:978-0-14-190312-5
3003:978-1-4447-8626-2
2931:, 31 October 2010
2478:, 3 February 2006
2358:, 2 January 2007.
2268:Project Gutenberg
2247:Project Gutenberg
2242:The White Feather
2226:Project Gutenberg
1985:Michael Heseltine
1842:championships at
1731:Madresfield Court
1537:Brekker, breakker
1450:Shrewsbury School
1385:Worcester College
1369:St Anne's College
1332:Maggers Memoggers
1327:Martyrs' Memorial
942: : musician
739:Justin Timberlake
418:Lieutenant George
279:The White Feather
181:The term "soccer"
112:Oxford University
79:
78:
71:
36:original research
16:Colloquial suffix
3151:
3113:
3106:
3100:
3094:
3088:
3079:
3073:
3067:
3061:
3060:, September 2006
3055:
3049:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3014:
3008:
3007:
2985:
2973:
2967:
2950:
2944:
2938:
2932:
2923:
2917:
2914:
2908:
2902:
2896:
2882:
2876:
2870:
2864:
2857:
2851:
2845:
2839:
2833:
2827:
2820:
2814:
2808:
2802:
2794:
2788:
2781:
2775:
2774:
2756:
2750:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2674:
2668:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2647:on 23 April 2016
2643:, archived from
2627:
2621:
2614:
2608:
2602:
2596:
2587:
2581:
2575:
2569:
2563:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2535:
2529:
2528:, 3 January 2006
2523:
2517:
2511:
2505:
2499:
2493:
2486:
2480:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2444:
2438:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2406:
2400:
2391:
2385:
2378:
2372:
2365:
2359:
2353:
2347:
2341:
2330:
2320:
2314:
2301:
2295:
2290:
2284:
2277:
2271:
2259:Wodehouse, P. G.
2256:
2250:
2238:Wodehouse, P. G.
2235:
2229:
2217:Wodehouse, P. G.
2214:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2190:
2184:
2183:, 18 August 2011
2178:
2172:
2162:
2156:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2125:
2119:
2109:
2103:
2093:
2071:
2065:
2058:
2029:
2007:), and "Mozza" (
1960:Second World War
1897:Further examples
1687:Cabinet Minister
1635:) is known as a
1345:Radcliffe Camera
1279:Magdalen College
1259:Bodleian Library
1223:Magdalen College
1154:Richard Whiteley
1098:Peter Tinniswood
1086:Evening Standard
1032:Kenneth Williams
1022:(1958–64), when
885:
880:Geoffrey Grigson
876:Second World War
849:
639:Michael Atherton
620:(inexplicable).
530:("Vaughnie") or
391:
228:Evening Standard
200:
88:Radcliffe Camera
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
51:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
3159:
3158:
3154:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3112:, 4 August 2006
3107:
3103:
3095:
3091:
3086:, December 2003
3080:
3076:
3068:
3064:
3056:
3052:
3044:
3040:
3033:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3004:
2987:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2952:Spoof diary of
2951:
2947:
2939:
2935:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2911:
2903:
2899:
2883:
2879:
2871:
2867:
2858:
2854:
2846:
2842:
2838:, 23 March 2007
2834:
2830:
2821:
2817:
2809:
2805:
2795:
2791:
2782:
2778:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2745:
2741:
2731:
2729:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2707:
2703:
2693:
2691:
2676:
2675:
2671:
2663:
2659:
2650:
2648:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2615:
2611:
2603:
2599:
2588:
2584:
2576:
2572:
2564:
2560:
2550:
2548:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2524:
2520:
2512:
2508:
2500:
2496:
2492:, 26 March 2007
2487:
2483:
2473:
2469:
2459:
2457:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2433:
2429:
2419:
2417:
2416:. 6 August 2017
2408:
2407:
2403:
2392:
2388:
2379:
2375:
2366:
2362:
2354:
2350:
2342:
2333:
2327:Someone Who Was
2323:Johnston, Brian
2321:
2317:
2302:
2298:
2291:
2287:
2278:
2274:
2257:
2253:
2236:
2232:
2215:
2211:
2203:
2199:
2191:
2187:
2179:
2175:
2163:
2159:
2150:
2146:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2110:
2106:
2090:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2059:
2055:
2050:
2032:Duchess of Love
2027:
1997:Jeremy Clarkson
1973:Barry Humphries
1899:
1857:Gloucestershire
1817:The stadium at
1767:Badminton House
1749:
1735:Earls Beauchamp
1683:Agatha Christie
1679:Chimneys novels
1655:P. G. Wodehouse
1651:
1610:(school yard).
1548:Jessica Mitford
1525:
1506:) for exercise.
1394:
1379:(or sometimes,
1291:Lincoln College
1206:
1193:
1150:Carol Vorderman
1082:John Thicknesse
1030:friend Rodney (
1006:Mark Ramprakash
986:Prince of Wales
920:Jeremy Clarkson
900:Lord Hattersley
883:
847:
834:, a cartoon by
741:(b. 1981), was
697:: the magazine
626:
528:Michael Vaughan
454:
381:First World War
337:Sir Robert Peel
329:
274:A & C Black
256:P. G. Wodehouse
253:
198:
134:
75:
64:
58:
55:
40:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3157:
3155:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3114:
3101:
3089:
3074:
3062:
3050:
3038:
3031:
3009:
3002:
2990:"Introduction"
2968:
2954:Rachel Johnson
2945:
2933:
2918:
2909:
2897:
2877:
2865:
2852:
2840:
2836:thelondonpaper
2828:
2815:
2803:
2801:, Trinity 2006
2789:
2776:
2773:. p. 163.
2762:Young Betjeman
2751:
2739:
2728:. 5 March 2007
2713:
2701:
2669:
2657:
2622:
2609:
2597:
2594:Round Mr Horne
2590:Barry Johnston
2582:
2570:
2558:
2530:
2518:
2506:
2494:
2481:
2467:
2439:
2437:, 29 June 2006
2427:
2401:
2386:
2373:
2360:
2348:
2331:
2315:
2296:
2285:
2272:
2251:
2230:
2209:
2197:
2185:
2173:
2157:
2144:
2120:
2104:
2088:
2066:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2017:Paul McCartney
1981:Paul Gascoigne
1977:Barry McKenzie
1940:The adjective
1898:
1895:
1879:, seat of the
1806:City of London
1790:bracing") and
1748:
1745:
1714:Black Mischief
1689:was nicknamed
1650:
1647:
1633:horse-chestnut
1524:
1523:Other examples
1521:
1520:
1519:
1507:
1495:
1479:
1469:
1453:
1437:
1428:Edmund Crispin
1411:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1372:
1360:
1348:
1336:
1318:
1306:
1294:
1282:
1262:
1250:
1226:
1219:Addison's Walk
1205:
1202:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1184:Ian Wooldridge
1175:
1172:Ann Widdecombe
1163:
1141:
1136:: nickname of
1129:
1117:
1114:J.R.R. Tolkien
1105:
1089:
1073:
1070:Robert Surtees
1049:
1036:Rodney Trotter
1019:Beyond Our Ken
1009:
997:
981:Pragger Wagger
977:
957:
946:
944:Paul McCartney
935:
922:
903:
887:
863:
860:Simon Crabtree
851:
819:
811:Street Fighter
801:
796:: broadcaster
789:
763:
757:Prime Minister
748:
735:Britney Spears
726:
715:Peter Brackley
706:
690:
674:
662:
642:
625:
622:
594:". An earlier
512:Alan McGilvray
496:Jonathan Agnew
464:Brian Johnston
453:
448:
414:Rowan Atkinson
398:Richard Curtis
328:
325:
318:Bertie Wooster
264:school stories
252:
249:
150:Rugby football
133:
130:
120:Eric Partridge
77:
76:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3156:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3111:
3108:For example,
3105:
3102:
3099:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3042:
3039:
3034:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3013:
3010:
3005:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2983:
2979:
2972:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2955:
2949:
2946:
2942:
2937:
2934:
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2927:
2922:
2919:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2901:
2898:
2895:
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2866:
2862:
2856:
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2800:
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2772:
2768:
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2761:
2755:
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2749:
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2740:
2727:
2723:
2717:
2714:
2710:
2705:
2702:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2679:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2661:
2658:
2646:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2631:Duriez, Colin
2626:
2623:
2619:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2591:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2562:
2559:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2510:
2507:
2504:, 13 May 2010
2503:
2498:
2495:
2491:
2490:New Statesman
2485:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2471:
2468:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2443:
2440:
2436:
2431:
2428:
2415:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2396:Sunday Herald
2390:
2387:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2361:
2357:
2352:
2349:
2345:
2340:
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2300:
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2260:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2243:
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2227:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2177:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2161:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2145:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2089:9780632033287
2085:
2081:
2077:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2057:
2054:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2026:
2022:
2021:Heather Mills
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1993:Boris Johnson
1990:
1989:John Prescott
1987:), "Prezza" (
1986:
1982:
1978:
1975:'s character
1974:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1944:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1929:J. K. Rowling
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1907:Repton School
1904:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1873:horse races.
1872:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1830:Varsity match
1827:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1785:
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1744:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1709:
1708:Remote People
1704:
1700:
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1694:
1693:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1630:
1627:A flat-sided
1625:
1623:
1618:
1617:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1603:
1602:
1597:
1596:Harrow School
1592:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1553:
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1544:
1539:
1538:
1529:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1489:
1488:John Betjeman
1485:
1484:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1451:
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1435:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1404:Edmund Bonner
1401:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1367:: members of
1366:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1316:
1315:Jesus College
1312:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1301:: the street
1300:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1248:
1247:Philip Larkin
1244:
1240:
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1232:
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1227:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1210:
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1134:
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1123:
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1111:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1090:
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1063:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1002:
998:
995:
994:heir apparent
991:
987:
983:
982:
978:
975:
971:
967:
966:Falklands War
964:: during the
963:
962:
958:
956:
952:
951:
947:
945:
941:
940:
936:
933:
932:
927:
923:
921:
917:
916:Jeremy Corbyn
913:
909:
908:
904:
901:
897:
893:
892:
888:
881:
877:
873:
869:
868:
864:
861:
857:
856:
852:
845:
844:David Cameron
841:
837:
836:Peter Brookes
833:
829:
825:
824:
820:
817:
813:
812:
807:
806:
802:
799:
798:Keith Chegwin
795:
794:
790:
787:
783:
779:
778:David Cameron
775:
774:
769:
768:
764:
761:
760:Boris Johnson
758:
754:
753:
749:
746:
745:
740:
736:
732:
731:
727:
724:
720:
716:
712:
711:
707:
704:
700:
696:
695:
691:
688:
687:Philip Larkin
684:
683:John Betjeman
680:
679:
675:
672:
668:
667:
663:
660:
656:
652:
651:David Beckham
648:
647:
643:
640:
636:
635:
631:
630:
629:
623:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
602:
597:
593:
589:
588:
582:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
557:, and former
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
504:Bill Frindall
501:
497:
493:
489:
488:Henry Blofeld
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
460:
452:
449:
447:
444:
439:
437:
436:
431:
430:Tony Robinson
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
386:
382:
377:
375:
374:
369:
368:
363:
362:
356:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
326:
324:
321:
319:
315:
314:
308:
306:
305:
300:
295:
293:
292:
287:
286:
281:
280:
275:
271:
270:
265:
262:in his early
261:
257:
251:In literature
250:
248:
246:
245:Harrow School
242:
238:
234:
230:
229:
224:
223:E. W. Swanton
219:
217:
212:
208:
204:
196:
195:
190:
186:
182:
178:
175:
174:
169:
165:
161:
158:was used for
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
140:
131:
129:
127:
126:
121:
117:
113:
110:prevalent at
109:
105:
102:", or often "
101:
97:
89:
85:
81:
73:
70:
62:
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
3109:
3104:
3097:
3092:
3083:
3077:
3070:
3065:
3057:
3053:
3046:
3041:
3022:
3012:
2993:
2984:: 400. 1901.
2981:
2977:
2971:
2963:
2957:
2956:, editor of
2948:
2940:
2936:
2929:Sunday Times
2928:
2925:
2921:
2912:
2905:
2900:
2891:
2885:
2880:
2873:
2868:
2861:Country Life
2860:
2855:
2847:
2843:
2835:
2831:
2823:
2818:
2811:
2806:
2798:Oxford Today
2796:
2792:
2779:
2763:
2760:
2754:
2747:
2742:
2730:. Retrieved
2725:
2716:
2711:19 July 2006
2708:
2704:
2692:. Retrieved
2688:the original
2681:
2672:
2665:
2660:
2649:, retrieved
2645:the original
2638:
2625:
2617:
2612:
2605:
2600:
2593:
2585:
2578:
2573:
2566:
2561:
2551:22 September
2549:. Retrieved
2543:
2533:
2525:
2521:
2514:
2509:
2501:
2497:
2489:
2484:
2475:
2470:
2460:27 September
2458:. Retrieved
2452:
2442:
2435:Country Life
2434:
2430:
2418:. Retrieved
2404:
2394:
2389:
2381:
2376:
2368:
2363:
2355:
2351:
2343:
2326:
2318:
2310:
2306:Wipers Times
2304:
2299:
2292:
2288:
2280:
2275:
2267:
2262:
2254:
2246:
2241:
2233:
2225:
2221:The Gold Bat
2220:
2212:
2205:
2200:
2193:
2188:
2180:
2176:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2147:
2129:
2123:
2111:
2107:
2075:
2069:
2061:
2056:
2040:
2039:
2031:
2024:
2005:Wayne Rooney
2003:), "Wazza" (
1999:), "Wozza" (
1995:), "Jezza" (
1991:), "Bozza" (
1983:), "Hezza" (
1979:), "Gazza" (
1970:
1964:
1963:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1925:Harry Potter
1916:
1915:
1900:
1890:
1885:
1884:
1875:
1865:
1864:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1834:
1833:
1822:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1780:Lincolnshire
1774:
1773:
1771:
1763:horse trials
1753:
1752:
1751:Evidence of
1750:
1739:
1738:
1725:
1724:
1719:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1703:Evelyn Waugh
1701:
1691:
1690:
1685:, a pompous
1675:David Blaize
1674:
1669:
1668:
1665:E. F. Benson
1659:
1658:
1652:
1642:
1637:
1636:
1631:(fruit of a
1626:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1556:
1555:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1510:
1509:
1503:
1502:(pronounced
1498:
1497:
1491:
1482:
1481:
1472:
1471:
1465:
1461:
1460:(or simply,
1456:
1455:
1440:
1439:
1431:
1414:
1413:
1408:Queen Mary I
1398:
1397:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1363:
1362:
1351:
1350:
1339:
1338:
1331:
1330:
1321:
1320:
1309:
1308:
1297:
1296:
1285:
1284:
1265:
1264:
1253:
1252:
1242:
1238:
1229:
1228:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1186:(1932–2007).
1178:
1177:
1166:
1165:
1157:
1144:
1143:
1132:
1131:
1126:Phil Tufnell
1120:
1119:
1116:(1892–1973);
1108:
1107:
1101:
1092:
1091:
1085:
1076:
1075:
1058:Tatton Sykes
1052:
1051:
1039:
1024:Hugh Paddick
1017:
1012:
1011:
1000:
999:
980:
979:
960:
959:
949:
948:
938:
937:
930:
929:
912:Labour Party
906:
905:
895:
894:was used by
890:
889:
866:
865:
854:
853:
839:
822:
821:
809:
804:
803:
800:(1957-2017);
792:
791:
788:and Oxford);
772:
771:
766:
765:
751:
750:
743:
742:
729:
728:
719:Bargain Hunt
718:
709:
708:
699:Country Life
698:
693:
692:
677:
676:
665:
664:
645:
644:
633:
632:
627:
618:inexplickers
617:
613:
609:
606:Fred Trueman
599:
595:
591:
585:
583:
574:
570:
566:
554:
550:
546:
536:
534:("Warnie").
523:
520:Phil Tufnell
507:
499:
491:
483:
480:Test cricket
475:
457:
455:
450:
440:
434:
433:
393:
378:
372:
371:
366:
365:
360:
359:
357:
352:
348:
332:
330:
322:
311:
309:
302:
299:Evelyn Waugh
296:
290:
283:
277:
269:The Gold Bat
267:
259:
254:
233:Conservative
226:
220:
215:
210:
206:
205:recommended
192:
179:
171:
163:
153:
143:
137:
135:
123:
116:Rugby School
103:
99:
95:
93:
80:
65:
56:
33:
3110:Private Eye
3096:Partridge,
3025:. Penguin.
2964:Private Eye
2943:, June 2007
2785:JCR website
2771:John Murray
2526:Private Eye
2476:Sky Showbiz
2025:Private Eye
1891:Private Eye
1840:lawn tennis
1711:(1931) and
1594:Terms from
1588:the Brigger
1583:Simon Raven
1457:Congratters
1275:Benediction
1230:All Soggers
1152:to address
896:Private Eye
874:during the
659:Spice Girls
587:Private Eye
563:Mike Selvey
537:The former
532:Shane Warne
422:Hugh Laurie
379:During the
291:The Captain
59:August 2020
3123:Categories
2810:Patridge,
2694:15 January
2414:Sky Sports
2303:As in the
2015:" for Sir
1903:Roald Dahl
1877:Chatsworth
1861:Cheltenham
1819:Twickenham
1717:(1932) as
1446:bumps race
1066:Plum Sykes
1062:Mark Sykes
990:Edward VII
970:Alan Clark
828:Nick Clegg
723:Eastbourne
547:McCrackers
410:Blackadder
43:improve it
3058:The Oldie
2941:The Oldie
2890:; (1929)
2502:The Times
2181:The Times
2169:Countdown
2112:19th Cent
2009:Morrissey
1927:books of
1844:Wimbledon
1826:Cambridge
1798:Hong Kong
1759:badminton
1747:Locations
1576:"bedders"
1562:champagne
1303:St Giles'
1298:the Giler
1235:All Souls
1159:Countdown
1128:(b. 1966)
974:John Nott
955:Morrissey
910:: former
840:The Times
762:(b. 1964)
671:Rich Beem
559:Middlesex
508:McGillers
402:Ben Elton
333:different
276:, 1904),
237:Leo Amery
235:Minister
47:verifying
3144:Suffixes
2959:The Lady
2748:op. cit.
2726:BBC News
2651:14 March
2633:(2003),
2515:Betjeman
2420:15 March
2325:(1992).
2155:(rugby).
2139:12030733
2118:(soccer)
1965:crackers
1949:starkers
1886:Chatters
1866:Chelters
1859:town of
1835:Twickers
1784:Skegness
1775:Skeggers
1726:Blackers
1720:Remoters
1598:include
1567:champers
1557:Shampers
1543:brekkers
1462:gratters
1424:proctors
1420:bulldogs
1364:Stanners
1352:Staggers
1322:memugger
1271:Compline
1133:Twitters
1088:1967–96;
1077:Thickers
867:Griggers
855:Crabbers
823:Cleggers
805:Chunners
793:Cheggers
782:bloggers
730:Britters
710:Brackers
694:Blashers
655:Victoria
610:Fredders
541:captain
502:(scorer
500:Bearders
476:Johnners
426:Baldrick
406:trenches
353:op. cit.
218:(1911).
152:, while
3098:op.cit.
2812:op.cit.
2592:(2006)
2041:Cammers
1955:bonkers
1943:butters
1934:Dudders
1911:colours
1905:was at
1849:Wimbers
1793:Honkers
1754:badders
1740:Madders
1729:and to
1699:fish).
1692:Codders
1660:fourers
1638:cheeser
1511:Sonners
1483:Divvers
1474:Cuppers
1468:(1903).
1441:Bumpers
1430:(1946)
1415:Bullers
1399:Bonners
1381:Wuggins
1376:Wuggers
1310:Jaggers
1286:Deepers
1243:Letters
1241:in the
1179:Woolers
1167:Widders
1145:Whiters
1121:Tuffers
1109:Tollers
1093:Tinners
1053:Tatters
1046:Del Boy
1013:Rodders
1001:Rampers
961:Notters
931:Lanners
914:leader
891:Hatters
816:Chun-Li
773:Cammers
744:Timbers
678:Betjers
646:Beckers
614:yummers
592:Godders
575:Jenkers
571:Backers
567:Selvers
524:Tuffers
514:of the
484:Blowers
435:Balders
347:times (
345:Regency
341:top hat
168:Torpids
122:in his
41:Please
3029:
3000:
2850:, 1982
2767:London
2732:20 May
2344:Wisden
2309:: see
2137:
2086:
2028:'s
1670:Owlers
1629:conker
1616:banter
1607:yarder
1444:for a
1340:Radder
1254:Bodder
1214:Adders
1191:Oxford
950:Mozzer
848:
767:Camers
752:Bozzer
666:Beemer
634:Athers
601:Wisden
551:Ingers
492:Aggers
416:) and
367:tenner
260:footer
207:socker
201:" and
164:Togger
155:soccer
145:footer
139:rugger
108:suffix
96:Oxford
3134:Slang
2962:, in
2709:Times
2346:2007.
2048:Notes
2013:Macca
1901:When
1778:(the
1737:, as
1601:bluer
1504:ekker
1499:Eccer
1239:e.g.,
1237:(as,
992:when
939:Macca
907:Jezza
850:...";
443:schwa
432:) as
390:/ipʁ/
385:Ypres
373:oncer
361:Fiver
3082:See
3027:ISBN
2998:ISBN
2926:E.g.
2859:See
2734:2010
2696:2021
2653:2019
2553:2012
2462:2020
2422:2019
2263:Mike
2135:OCLC
2084:ISBN
1855:The
1723:and
1273:and
1028:camp
786:Eton
486:for
470:and
468:Eton
400:and
364:and
285:Mike
241:Jack
211:i.e.
148:for
104:-ers
94:The
2153:OED
2116:OED
1889:in
1846:as
1808:as
1697:cod
1681:of
1667:: "
1643:etc
1591:".
1540:or
1383:):
1245:of
1038:in
872:BBC
838:of
770:or
608:as
596:Eye
555:TMS
516:ABC
498:),
462:by
310:In
301:'s
297:In
100:-er
45:by
3125::
3021:.
2992:.
2986:;
2980:.
2769::
2765:.
2724:.
2680:.
2637:,
2542:.
2451:.
2412:.
2334:^
2082:.
2044:.
2034:,
1937:.
1893:.
1852:.
1823:v.
1814:.
1788:so
1743:.
1579:.
1436:).
1355::
1343::
1313::
1277:,
1269::
1257::
1249:);
1233::
1221:,
1217::
1096::
1080::
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808::
669::
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438:.
349:c.
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162:.
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2787:.
2736:.
2698:.
2555:.
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2384:.
2371:.
2329:.
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2244:.
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2060:[
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1560:(
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66:(
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57:(
39:.
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