1645:
290:
1237:
64:. OxyTx1, the first known oxytoxin, was discovered in 2002. It was found to enhance the lethal efficacy of the spider venom by acting together with
84:, but non-toxic to mice up to 1 ÎĽg/20-g mouse. It acts synergistically with oxyopinins of the same venom to increase the insecticidal effect.
233:
Villegas E, Adachi-Akahane S, Bosmans F, Tytgat J, Nakajima T, Corzo G (2008). "Biochemical characterization of cysteine-rich peptides from
447:
52:. They are disulfide-rich peptides. Only two types are so far reported from two different species, the larger oxytoxin 1 (OxyTx1) from
576:
568:
92:
285:
572:
460:
312:
546:
675:
95:. OxyTx2 is made up of 55 amino acid residues and has a molecular mass 6175.2 Da. It is less effective in causing paralysis in
1365:
1322:
827:
471:
466:
586:
44:
876:
660:
648:
452:
441:
1679:
632:
390:
1483:
1118:
479:
1674:
670:
305:
1648:
1586:
756:
714:
591:
422:
275:
69:
54:
1591:
1535:
822:
254:
215:
97:
73:
1530:
1348:
954:
870:
812:
618:
246:
205:
80:; but shows the size of 9,109.4 Da due to the presence of disulfide bridges. It is a potent
60:
1669:
1613:
1518:
1113:
768:
665:
510:
485:
370:
298:
194:
with cytolytic properties and positive insecticidal cooperativity with spider neurotoxins"
1555:
1103:
1043:
866:
858:
605:
559:
328:
1663:
1631:
note: some toxins are produced by lower species and pass through intermediate species
1545:
1488:
1242:
1205:
1153:
1098:
1083:
959:
919:
862:
656:
505:
428:
280:
77:
188:
Corzo G, Villegas E, GĂłmez-Lagunas F, Possani LD, Belokoneva OS, Nakajima T (2002).
1608:
1598:
1581:
1550:
1498:
1462:
1421:
1375:
1312:
1215:
1138:
1073:
908:
904:
900:
886:
700:
536:
333:
190:"Oxyopinins, large amphipathic peptides isolated from the venom of the wolf spider
250:
1571:
1525:
1513:
1370:
1317:
1267:
1173:
1168:
1158:
1123:
1108:
974:
642:
613:
433:
411:
348:
338:
81:
39:
35:
1603:
1540:
1457:
1435:
1380:
1343:
1287:
1257:
1247:
1188:
1178:
1163:
1148:
1143:
1128:
1048:
1033:
949:
939:
934:
924:
891:
581:
541:
358:
353:
1508:
1503:
1493:
1473:
1416:
1406:
1401:
1360:
1272:
1088:
1068:
1058:
1018:
1013:
993:
964:
914:
896:
849:
841:
748:
732:
343:
65:
21:
258:
219:
210:
189:
1411:
1391:
1302:
1297:
1262:
1252:
1227:
1183:
1133:
1078:
1053:
1038:
1003:
998:
929:
881:
854:
800:
728:
722:
708:
694:
685:
381:
17:
1566:
1028:
1023:
1008:
969:
944:
781:
761:
401:
1333:
1307:
1277:
1093:
795:
776:
524:
1282:
1198:
1193:
1063:
984:
323:
117:
114:
1447:
1355:
294:
1292:
76:. It is a large peptide having a molecular mass of 8059.2
1564:
1471:
1445:
1434:
1389:
1331:
1225:
1214:
983:
840:
811:
747:
684:
631:
604:
557:
523:
496:
409:
400:
389:
380:
369:
87:Both OxyTx1 and OxyTx2 were isolated in 2008 from
306:
8:
237:sp. venom that block calcium ion channels".
91:. Both of these toxins were found to block
58:, and the smaller oxytoxin 2 (OxyTx2) from
1442:
1222:
529:
406:
397:
386:
377:
313:
299:
291:
111:
1238:Androctonus australis hector insect toxin
209:
180:
126:
123:
120:
93:voltage-sensitive calcium ion channels
109:Oxotoxins are classified as follows:
7:
281:ArachnoServer:Spider toxin database
592:Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB)
14:
72:, which are cross-linked by five
1644:
1643:
676:Extracellular adenylate cyclase
1:
828:Fibronectin binding protein A
251:10.1016/j.toxicon.2008.05.019
569:Staphylococcus aureus alpha
547:Panton–Valentine leukocidin
1696:
587:Toxic shock syndrome toxin
15:
1639:
1626:
1484:(+)-Allopumiliotoxin 267A
532:
877:beta-Nitropropionic acid
38:present in the venom of
16:Not to be confused with
661:Heat-labile enterotoxin
652:heat-stable enterotoxin
68:. It is composed of 69
42:belonging to the genus
770:Bacillus thuringiensis
211:10.1074/jbc.M200511200
671:Pseudomonas exotoxin
101:larvae than Oxytx1.
204:(26): 23627–23637.
159:Omega-oxotoxin-Ol1b
142:Omega-oxotoxin-Ol1a
124:Amino acid residue
1587:Alpha-Bungarotoxin
757:Lipopolysaccharide
715:Pore-forming toxin
286:Bioactive Database
276:Profile at UniProt
192:Oxyopes kitabensis
70:amino acid residue
55:Oxyopes kitabensis
1657:
1656:
1622:
1621:
1592:Beta-Bungarotoxin
1536:Pumiliotoxin 251D
1430:
1429:
836:
835:
823:Clumping factor A
743:
742:
627:
626:
600:
599:
519:
518:
172:
171:
118:Recommended name
98:Spodoptera litura
74:disulfide bridges
48:, hence the name
34:, are a group of
1687:
1647:
1646:
1575:
1531:Histrionicotoxin
1477:
1451:
1443:
1395:
1349:Alpha-latrotoxin
1337:
1231:
1223:
955:Sterigmatocystin
907:, Fumonisin B3,
871:epsilon-amanitin
790:B. thuringiensis
619:Diphtheria toxin
562:
530:
499:
415:
407:
398:
387:
378:
315:
308:
301:
292:
263:
262:
230:
224:
223:
213:
185:
112:
61:Oxyopes lineatus
1695:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1635:
1618:
1614:Cardiotoxin III
1570:
1565:
1560:
1472:
1467:
1446:
1438:
1426:
1390:
1385:
1332:
1327:
1226:
1218:
1210:
1114:Resiniferatoxin
979:
832:
814:
807:
772:delta endotoxin
739:
680:
666:Pertussis toxin
634:
623:
596:
558:
553:
515:
511:Listeriolysin O
497:
492:
410:
392:
372:
365:
319:
272:
267:
266:
232:
231:
227:
187:
186:
182:
177:
130:
107:
25:
12:
11:
5:
1693:
1691:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1662:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1578:
1576:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1556:Zetekitoxin AB
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1491:
1486:
1480:
1478:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1440:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1398:
1396:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1340:
1338:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1234:
1232:
1220:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1104:Pseudaconitine
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1044:Djenkolic acid
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
990:
988:
981:
980:
978:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
867:gamma-amanitin
859:alpha-amanitin
852:
846:
844:
838:
837:
834:
833:
831:
830:
825:
819:
817:
809:
808:
806:
805:
804:
803:
798:
786:
785:
784:
779:
766:
765:
764:
753:
751:
745:
744:
741:
740:
738:
737:
736:
735:
719:
718:
717:
705:
704:
703:
690:
688:
682:
681:
679:
678:
673:
668:
663:
654:
646:
639:
637:
629:
628:
625:
624:
622:
621:
616:
610:
608:
606:Actinomycetota
602:
601:
598:
597:
595:
594:
589:
584:
579:
565:
563:
560:Staphylococcus
555:
554:
552:
551:
550:
549:
539:
533:
527:
521:
520:
517:
516:
514:
513:
508:
502:
500:
494:
493:
491:
490:
489:
488:
476:
475:
474:
469:
457:
456:
455:
450:
438:
437:
436:
431:
418:
416:
404:
395:
384:
375:
367:
366:
364:
363:
362:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
320:
318:
317:
310:
303:
295:
289:
288:
283:
278:
271:
270:External links
268:
265:
264:
245:(2): 228–236.
225:
179:
178:
176:
173:
170:
169:
168:weak activity
166:
163:
160:
157:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
140:
136:
135:
128:
125:
122:
119:
116:
106:
103:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1692:
1681:
1680:Spider toxins
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1650:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1625:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1546:Samandaridine
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1520:
1519:Marinobufagin
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1489:Batrachotoxin
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1470:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1243:Charybdotoxin
1241:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1207:
1204:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1154:Solauricidine
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1099:Protoanemonin
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1084:Oenanthotoxin
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
991:
989:
986:
982:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
960:Trichothecene
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
920:Ibotenic acid
918:
916:
913:
910:
906:
902:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
872:
868:
864:
863:beta-amanitin
860:
856:
853:
851:
848:
847:
845:
843:
839:
829:
826:
824:
821:
820:
818:
816:
810:
802:
799:
797:
794:
793:
791:
787:
783:
780:
778:
775:
774:
773:
771:
767:
763:
760:
759:
758:
755:
754:
752:
750:
746:
734:
730:
727:
726:
725:
724:
720:
716:
713:
712:
711:
710:
706:
702:
699:
698:
697:
696:
692:
691:
689:
687:
683:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
658:
657:Cholera toxin
655:
653:
651:
647:
644:
641:
640:
638:
636:
630:
620:
617:
615:
612:
611:
609:
607:
603:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
574:
570:
567:
566:
564:
561:
556:
548:
545:
544:
543:
540:
538:
535:
534:
531:
528:
526:
522:
512:
509:
507:
506:Anthrax toxin
504:
503:
501:
495:
487:
484:
483:
482:
481:
477:
473:
470:
468:
465:
464:
463:
462:
458:
454:
451:
449:
446:
445:
444:
443:
439:
435:
432:
430:
429:Tetanospasmin
427:
426:
425:
424:
420:
419:
417:
413:
408:
405:
403:
399:
396:
394:
388:
385:
383:
379:
376:
374:
368:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
326:
325:
322:
321:
316:
311:
309:
304:
302:
297:
296:
293:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
273:
269:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
229:
226:
221:
217:
212:
207:
203:
199:
195:
193:
184:
181:
174:
167:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
150:
147:
144:
141:
138:
137:
134:
113:
110:
104:
102:
100:
99:
94:
90:
85:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
62:
57:
56:
51:
47:
46:
41:
37:
33:
29:
23:
19:
1630:
1609:Calcicludine
1599:Calciseptine
1582:Bungarotoxin
1551:Tarichatoxin
1499:Arenobufagin
1463:Tetrodotoxin
1422:Tetrodotoxin
1376:Vanillotoxin
1313:Phaiodotoxin
1216:Invertebrate
1139:Solasodamine
1074:Lotaustralin
909:Fumonisin B4
905:Fumonisin B2
901:Fumonisin B1
887:Cytochalasin
789:
769:
721:
707:
701:Superantigen
693:
649:
537:Streptolysin
478:
459:
440:
421:
242:
238:
234:
228:
201:
197:
191:
183:
132:
127:Toxicity (LD
108:
96:
88:
86:
59:
53:
49:
43:
40:lynx spiders
31:
27:
26:
1675:Neurotoxins
1572:Snake venom
1526:Epibatidine
1514:Cinobufagin
1371:Stromatoxin
1318:Imperatoxin
1268:Scyllatoxin
1174:Tagetitoxin
1169:Swainsonine
1159:Solauricine
1124:Solamargine
1119:Scopolamine
1109:Retronecine
975:Zearalenone
643:Shiga toxin
614:Cord factor
453:Enterotoxin
448:Alpha toxin
442:perfringens
434:Tetanolysin
412:Clostridium
349:hepatotoxin
339:enterotoxin
329:cardiotoxin
198:J Biol Chem
151:5.0 nmol/g
121:Size in Da
89:O. lineatus
82:insecticide
36:neurotoxins
1664:Categories
1604:Taicatoxin
1541:Samandarin
1494:Bufotoxins
1458:Ciguatoxin
1436:Vertebrate
1381:Huwentoxin
1361:Cupiennins
1344:Latrotoxin
1288:Kaliotoxin
1258:Margatoxin
1248:Maurotoxin
1189:Toxalbumin
1179:Tinyatoxin
1164:Strychnine
1149:Solasonine
1144:Solasodine
1129:Solanidine
1049:Falcarinol
1034:Delphinine
950:Phalloidin
940:Ochratoxin
935:Orellanine
925:Lolitrem B
892:Ergotamine
842:Mycotoxins
686:Mechanisms
645:/Verotoxin
582:Exfoliatin
542:Leukocidin
359:phototoxin
354:neurotoxin
175:References
156:Oxytoxin 2
139:Oxytoxin 1
66:oxyopinins
1509:Bufotenin
1504:Bufotalin
1474:Amphibian
1417:Saxitoxin
1407:Eledoisin
1402:Conotoxin
1273:Hefutoxin
1089:Oleandrin
1069:Linamarin
1059:Helenalin
1019:Cicutoxin
1014:Chaconine
994:Amygdalin
965:Vomitoxin
915:Gliotoxin
897:Fumonisin
850:Aflatoxin
813:Virulence
749:Endotoxin
480:botulinum
461:difficile
371:Bacterial
344:hemotoxin
334:cytotoxin
133:S. litura
32:oxytoxins
28:Oxotoxins
22:oxyopinin
1649:Category
1412:Onchidal
1392:Mollusca
1303:Bestoxin
1298:Birtoxin
1263:Slotoxin
1253:Agitoxin
1228:Scorpion
1184:Tomatine
1134:Solanine
1079:Mimosine
1054:Gossypol
1039:Divicine
1004:Antiarin
999:Anisatin
930:Muscimol
882:Citrinin
855:Amatoxin
801:Cry34Ab1
729:AB toxin
723:type III
635:negative
393:positive
382:Exotoxin
259:18606178
220:11976325
50:oxytoxin
18:oxytocin
1567:Reptile
1029:Daphnin
1024:Coniine
1009:Brucine
970:Zeranol
945:Patulin
792:toxins
782:Cry3Bb1
762:Lipid A
709:type II
650:E. coli
402:Bacilli
239:Toxicon
235:Oxyopes
45:Oxyopes
1670:Toxins
1439:toxins
1334:Spider
1308:BmKAEP
1278:HgeTx1
1219:toxins
1094:Persin
987:toxins
815:factor
796:Cry6Aa
788:Other
777:Cry1Ac
695:type I
498:Other:
423:tetani
373:toxins
324:Toxins
257:
218:
145:8058.2
1366:PhTx3
1283:HsTx1
1206:Tutin
1199:Ricin
1194:Abrin
1064:Ledol
985:Plant
577:delta
525:Cocci
486:Botox
162:6,186
131:) on
115:Name
105:Types
30:, or
1448:Fish
1356:CSTX
633:Gram
573:beta
391:Gram
255:PMID
216:PMID
1323:Pi3
1293:Lq2
733:AB5
247:doi
206:doi
202:277
20:or
1666::
903:,
869:,
865:,
861:,
253:.
243:52
241:.
214:.
200:.
196:.
165:55
148:69
129:50
78:Da
1574::
1569:/
1476::
1450::
1394::
1336::
1230::
911:)
899:(
873:)
857:(
731:/
659:/
575:/
571:/
472:B
467:A
414::
314:e
307:t
300:v
261:.
249::
222:.
208::
24:.
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