Knowledge (XXG)

Oxytocin (medication)

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Certain learning and memory functions are impaired by centrally administered oxytocin. Also, systemic oxytocin administration can impair memory retrieval in certain aversive memory tasks. However, oxytocin does seem to facilitate learning and memory specifically for social information. Healthy males
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Recent studies also highlight remarkable anxiolytic and prosocial effects of intranasally administered OT in humans, including increased 'trust', decreased amygdala activation towards fear-inducing stimuli, improved recognition of social cues and increased gaze directed towards the eye regions of
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may be exhibited in administration through symptoms such as seizures, comas, neonatal jaundice, and potential fatality. Managed fluids intake and consistent monitoring of sodium levels has been researched as crucial in the safe administration of oxytocin.
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Oxytocin can be delivered to humans via nasal spray following which it crosses the blood–brain barrier. ... In a double-blind experiment, oxytocin spray increased trusting behavior compared to a placebo spray in a monetary game with real money at
988:(Tractocile) acts as an antagonist of oxytocin receptors. It is registered in many countries for use in suppressing premature labor between 24 and 33 weeks of gestation. It has fewer side effects than drugs previously used for this purpose (such as 906:
Oxytocin is also available in intranasal spray form for psychiatric, endocrine and weight management use as a supplement. Intranasal oxytocin works on a different pathway than injected oxytocin, primarily along the olfactory nerve crossing the
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responses to facial emotions in humans. Oxytocin administered orally produces different effects on human behaviour and brain function than when given intranasally, possibly due to variations in the molecular transport and binding
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effects in humans. No serious adverse effects with short-term application of oxytocin with 18~40 IU (36–80 mcg) have been recorded. Intranasal oxytocin has a central duration of at least 2.25 hours and as long as
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Gregory SG, Anthopolos R, Osgood CE, Grotegut CA, Miranda ML (October 2013). "Association of autism with induced or augmented childbirth in North Carolina Birth Record (1990-1998) and Education Research (1997-2007) databases".
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Mizuguchi T, Miyano K, Yamauchi R, Yoshida Y, Takahashi H, Yamazaki A, et al. (January 2023). "The first structure-activity relationship study of oxytocin as a positive allosteric modulator for the µ opioid receptor".
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Oxytocin was added to the Institute for Safe Medication Practices's list of High Alert Medications in Acute Care Settings in 2012. The list includes medications that have a high risk for harm if administered incorrectly.
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Huffmeijer R, Alink LR, Tops M, Grewen KM, Light KC, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, et al. (2012). "Salivary levels of oxytocin remain elevated for more than two hours after intranasal oxytocin administration".
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Meguro Y, Miyano K, Hirayama S, Yoshida Y, Ishibashi N, Ogino T, et al. (May 2018). "Neuropeptide oxytocin enhances μ opioid receptor signaling as a positive allosteric modulator".
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The use of synthetic oxytocin as an injectable medication for inducing childbirth can result in excessive contraction of the uterus that can risk the health of the baby. Common
5085: 1293:: Clinical doses of oxytocin are given by injection either into a muscle or into a vein to cause contraction of the uterus. Very small amounts (< 1%) do appear to enter the 49: 2592:
Drakopoulos A, Moianos D, Prifti GM, Zoidis G, Decker M (July 2022). "Opioid Ligands Addressing Unconventional Binding Sites and More Than One Opioid Receptor Subtype".
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RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) across the intestinal epithelium and into the blood. Orally-administered Oxytocin has been shown to increase
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du Vigneaud V, Ressler C, Swan JM, Roberts CW, Katsoyannis PG, Gordon S (1953). "The synthesis of an octapeptide amide with the hormonal activity of oxytocin".
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de Oliveira LF, Camboim C, Diehl F, Consiglio AR, Quillfeldt JA (January 2007). "Glucocorticoid-mediated effects of systemic oxytocin upon memory retrieval".
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The use of oxytocin during childbirth has been linked to an increased need for other medical interventions, most primarily, through the administration of an
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Fischer-Shofty M, Shamay-Tsoory SG, Harari H, Levkovitz Y (2010). "The effect of intranasal administration of oxytocin on fear recognition".
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Unkelbach C, Guastella AJ, Forgas JP (November 2008). "Oxytocin selectively facilitates recognition of positive sex and relationship words".
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The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023)
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anaesthetic. This has been documented as creating a 'cascade effect', potentially causing detrimental impacts to the birthing process.
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D'Souza SW, Lieberman B, Cadman J, Richards B (September 1986). "Oxytocin induction of labour: hyponatraemia and neonatal jaundice".
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Guastella AJ, Mitchell PB, Mathews F (August 2008). "Oxytocin enhances the encoding of positive social memories in humans".
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Weisman O, Zagoory-Sharon O, Feldman R (September 2012). "Intranasal oxytocin administration is reflected in human saliva".
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Marsh AA, Yu HH, Pine DS, Blair RJ (April 2010). "Oxytocin improves specific recognition of positive facial expressions".
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Nashar PE, Whitfield AA, Mikusek J, Reekie TA (2022). "The Current Status of Drug Discovery for the Oxytocin Receptor".
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in 1906. Oxytocin's milk ejection property was described by Ott and Scott in 1910 and by Schafer and Mackenzie in 1911.
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Unfavorable fetal position or presentation (e.g., transverse lies) undeliverable without conversion before delivery
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CC(C)1NC(=O)(Cc2ccc(O)cc2)NC(=O)(N)CSSC(NC(=O)(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)(CCC(N)=O)NC1=O)C(=O)N3CCC3C(=O)N(CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(N)=O
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fails. Whether a high dose is better than a standard dose for labor induction is unclear. It has largely replaced
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Excessive dosage or long-term administration (over a period of 24 hours or longer) has been known to result in
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Kroll-Desrosiers AR, Nephew BC, Babb JA, Guilarte-Walker Y, Moore Simas TA, Deligiannidis KM (February 2017).
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to the olfactory lobe in the brain, where dense magnocellular oxytocin neurons receive the dose application.
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During pregnancy, increased uterine motility has led to decreased heart rate, cardiac arrhythmia, seizures,
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Seitchik J, Castillo M (December 1982). "Oxytocin augmentation of dysfunctional labor. I. Clinical data".
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Oberg AS, D'Onofrio BM, Rickert ME, Hernandez-Diaz S, Ecker JL, Almqvist C, et al. (September 2016).
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Oxytocin is relatively safe when used at recommended doses, and side effects are uncommon. These maternal
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Gimpl G, Fahrenholz F (April 2001). "The oxytocin receptor system: structure, function, and regulation".
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by researchers in 2013, the potential link between oxytocin use during childbirth and increased risks of
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du Vigneaud V, Ressler C, Swan JM, Roberts CW, Katsoyannis PG (June 1954). "The synthesis of oxytocin".
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Bartz JA, Hollander E (2008). "Oxytocin and experimental therapeutics in autism spectrum disorders".
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Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE (2009). "Chapter 7: Neuropeptides". In Sydor A, Brown RY (eds.).
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Oral: While it was originally assumed that Oxytocin administered orally would be destroyed in the
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others (Kirsch et al., 2005; Kosfeld et al., 2005; Domes et al., 2006; Guastella et al., 2008).
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Hurlemann R, Patin A, Onur OA, Cohen MX, Baumgartner T, Metzler S, et al. (April 2010).
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Miyano K, Yoshida Y, Hirayama S, Takahashi H, Ono H, Meguro Y, et al. (October 2021).
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De Groot AN, Vree TB, Hekster YA, Pesman GJ, Sweep FC, Van Dongen PJ, et al. (1995).
2091:"Case report: hyponatremia and generalized convulsion after intravenous oxytocin infusion" 1530: 1431: 1415:
has so far limited the potential usefulness of small-molecule oxytocin receptor agonists.
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Torloni MR, Gomes Freitas C, Kartoglu UH, Metin Gülmezoglu A, Widmer M (December 2016).
3444: 3338:"The sequence of amino acids in oxytocin, with a proposal for the structure of oxytocin" 3306: 3293:
Schafer EA, Mackenzie K (July 1911). "The Action of Animal Extracts on Milk Secretion".
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Oxytocin's uterine-contracting properties were discovered by British pharmacologist
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In addition to its oxytocin receptor agonism, oxytocin has been found to act as a
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Obstetric emergencies where maternal or fetal risk-to-benefit ratio favors surgery
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Du Vigneaud V (June 1956). "Trail of sulfur research: from insulin to oxytocin".
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Oxytocin injection (synthetic) is contraindicated in any of these conditions:
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Oxytocin has not been found to be useful for improving breastfeeding success.
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Kou J, Lan C, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Zhou F, Zhao Z, et al. (February 2021).
1388:(Sandopart), have been developed and marketed for medical use. In addition, 1298: 1283: 1254: 1045: 989: 981: 457: 452: 238: 160: 27: 3957: 3908: 3859: 3816: 3773: 3738: 3689: 3648: 3599: 3550: 3501: 3460: 3363: 3314: 3232: 3186: 3137: 3084: 2886: 2835: 2799: 2748: 2713: 2695: 2664: 2613: 2605: 2578: 2521: 2478: 2435: 2400: 2322: 2263: 2227: 2196: 2147: 1957: 1880: 1728: 1689: 3271: 2998: 2948: 2921: 2780: 2680:"Oxytocin and oxygen: the evolution of a solution to the 'stress of life'" 2645: 2075: 1993: 8194: 7986: 7731: 7641: 7621: 7611: 7566: 7495: 7288: 7198: 7183: 7148: 7138: 7018: 6842: 6737: 6712: 6651: 6636: 6546: 6466: 6436: 6416: 6386: 6331: 6311: 6276: 6165: 6090: 6075: 5997: 5977: 5846: 5841: 5826: 5796: 5766: 5726: 5594: 5484: 5429: 5339: 5274: 5244: 5129: 4886: 4713: 4653: 4547: 4465: 4442: 4405: 4006: 3883:
Advances in Vasopressin and Oxytocin – from Genes to Behaviour to Disease
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The natural occurrence of oxytocin was discovered in 1906. It is on the
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if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and
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Hidalgo-Lopezosa P, Hidalgo-Maestre M, Rodríguez-Borrego MA (2016).
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European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology
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Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience
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This article is about the medication. For the natural peptide, see
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Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
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Mehta AC (1986). "Buccal and oral drugs: induction of labour".
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over threatening social cues and improved recognition of fear.
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concentration and achieve maximum uterine contraction response.
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The trust-inducing property of oxytocin might help those with
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In African countries, some oxytocin products were found to be
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Oxytocin was the first polypeptide hormone to be sequenced or
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People using oxytocin show improved recognition for positive
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in humans when peripherally administered. The compound has a
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Vaginal delivery is contraindicated (e.g., invasive cervical
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BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
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Rimmele U, Hediger K, Heinrichs M, Klaver P (January 2009).
1305:. Intravenous administration requires 40 minutes to reach a 1195:(ASD) in children's development has been a topic of debate. 1588:"Syntocinon 10 IU/ml Concentrate for Solution for Infusion" 307: 202: 3102:
Lee SY, Lee AR, Hwangbo R, Han J, Hong M, Bahn GH (2015).
184: 1356:, studies have shown that Oxytocin is transported by the 969:
as the principal agent to increase uterine tone in acute
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Wudarczyk OA, Earp BD, Guastella A, Savulescu J (2013).
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or major cervical or uterine (e.g., transfundal) surgery
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Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association
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and to support labor in case of slow childbirth if the
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World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines
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Du Vigneaud V, Ressler C, Trippett S (December 1953).
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of typically about 3 minutes in the blood when given
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Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van I Jzendoorn MH (2013).
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Emre U, Kadıoğlu G, Ünal A, Atasoy HT (March 2009).
895:. For this purpose, it is given by injection either 199: 8093: 8005: 7820: 7809: 7509: 6906: 6895: 6675: 6249: 6238: 5895: 5115: 5104: 5033: 4960: 4846: 4742: 4598: 4589: 4355: 4287: 4246: 4220: 4117: 4060: 4027: 4018: 3256:"The Action of Infundibulum upon Mammary Secretion" 1515:, among others. However, in one meta-analysis only 977:to facilitate birth and to stimulate milk release. 770: 753: 714: 709: 689: 669: 649: 629: 609: 589: 578: 569: 544: 524: 467: 451: 436: 419: 411: 373: 368: 343: 321: 295: 265: 251: 233: 223: 196: 172: 167: 1818:Behavioral Pharmacology of Neuropeptides: Oxytocin 1495:, anxiety, fear, and social dysfunctions, such as 1407:have been developed and studied. However, lack of 3613:Cochran DM, Fallon D, Hill M, Frazier JA (2013). 8237:(met-enkephalin releaser/degradation stabilizer) 1568:List of investigational sexual dysfunction drugs 1187:Since a landmark investigation was published in 1081:to oxytocin or any ingredient in the formulation 558: 3200: 3198: 3196: 3049:McGregor IS, Callaghan PD, Hunt GE (May 2008). 3024:(2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. 2340:"High-Alert Medications in Acute Care Settings" 1229:administered intranasal oxytocin show improved 957:An intravenous infusion of oxytocin is used to 533: 8294:Opioid receptor positive allosteric modulators 2629:"Non-Opioid Peptides Targeting Opioid Effects" 2627:Kaczyńska K, Wojciechowski P (December 2021). 1840: 1838: 1790:. Oxford University Press. 2015. p. 354. 1709: 1707: 1663: 1661: 1380:of oxytocin with similar actions, for example 1318:Under the tongue: Oxytocin is poorly absorbed 63:Please review the contents of the article and 8329:World Health Organization essential medicines 5079: 4326: 4200: 3983: 2902:American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1922:Budden A, Chen LJ, Henry A (9 October 2014). 1038:Uterine activity fails to progress adequately 8: 284: 142: 1928:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1519:showed a significant combined effect size. 1067:Uterine or cervical scarring from previous 7817: 6903: 6246: 5112: 5086: 5072: 5064: 4595: 4333: 4319: 4311: 4207: 4193: 4185: 4024: 3990: 3976: 3968: 2545:"Oxytocin makes a face in memory familiar" 1754: 1752: 1750: 1748: 1746: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1738: 1274:A bag of oxytocin for intravenous infusion 1172:, postpartum hemorrhage, sometimes fatal. 618: 3947: 3728: 3679: 3638: 3589: 3540: 3491: 3353: 3176: 3127: 3074: 2876: 2866: 2789: 2779: 2703: 2654: 2644: 2568: 2390: 2312: 2302: 2186: 2137: 2019: 2017: 2015: 1947: 1906: 1870: 1787:The Oxford Handbook of Prosocial Behavior 638: 16:Medication made from the peptide oxytocin 2971:The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2025:"Pitocin (drug label for professionals)" 1847:"On some physiological actions of ergot" 8253: 2678:Carter CS, Kingsbury MA (August 2022). 2344:Institute For Safe Medication Practices 1579: 875:. As a medication, it is used to cause 821: 801: 598: 481: 257: 229:Pitocin, Syntocinon, Viatocinon, others 4247:Prevention and treatment of hemorrhage 3852:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.09.003 2118:Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 1982:from the original on 15 December 2016. 1340:, after which it reliably crosses the 1221:Use is linked to an increased risk of 141: 2334: 2332: 2000:from the original on 21 December 2016 1901:. Geneva: World Health Organization. 698: 678: 243: 7: 4221:Induction and augmentation of labour 356: 3342:The Journal of Biological Chemistry 2459:Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 2212:"Epidural analgesia for labor pain" 1804:from the original on 1 August 2017. 1563:List of investigational anxiolytics 918:in the mother include nausea and a 658: 549: 3295:Proceedings of the Royal Society B 2983:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1995.tb06716.x 2849:Baribeau DA, Anagnostou E (2015). 2684:Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2210:Hitzeman N, Chin S (August 2012). 2167:The Journal of Perinatal Education 2035:from the original on 15 April 2011 1972:"Oxytocin use while Breastfeeding" 1282:is the equivalent of about 2  14: 7054:Desmetramadol (desmethyltramadol) 6382:Desmetramadol (desmethyltramadol) 5335:Dextropropoxyphene (propoxyphene) 5320:Desmetramadol (desmethyltramadol) 1815:Hurlemann R, Grinevich V (2018). 1124:premature ventricular contraction 8256: 7434:Salvinorin B methoxymethyl ether 3766:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02206.x 3662:Neumann ID, Slattery DA (2016). 2914:10.1097/00006254-198307000-00010 2295:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.0965 2256:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.2904 1766:from the original on 20 May 2015 1253:and this may be involved in its 1041:Hyperactive or hypertonic uterus 732: 726: 177: 159: 150: 129: 37: 7429:Salvinorin B ethoxymethyl ether 3055:British Journal of Pharmacology 1332:to the brain when administered 922:. Serious side effects include 829:Key:XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-DSZYJQQASA-N 7354:Norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide 3681:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.06.004 3582:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5538-09.2010 2828:10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170901 2561:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4260-08.2009 2514:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.02.008 1940:10.1002/14651858.CD009701.pub2 1863:10.1113/jphysiol.1906.sp001148 1682:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.02.014 1640:"Oxytocin injection, solution" 1501:post-traumatic stress disorder 744: 738: 720: 65:add the appropriate references 1: 8319:Vasopressin receptor agonists 7329:Nalodeine (N-allylnorcodeine) 6522:Met-enkephalin (metenkefalin) 6131:Nalodeine (N-allylnorcodeine) 5560:Met-enkephalin (metenkefalin) 3928:Current Opinion in Psychiatry 3891:10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00435-4 3355:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)49238-1 2428:10.1152/physrev.2001.81.2.629 1614:"Pitocin- oxytocin injection" 1243:positive allosteric modulator 1233:, in particular happy faces. 1062:cord presentation or prolapse 1030:when delivery is not imminent 8309:Peripherally selective drugs 6552:N-Phenethyl-14-ethoxymetopon 3940:10.1097/YCO.0b013e3283642e10 3631:10.1097/HRP.0b013e3182a75b7d 3619:Harvard Review of Psychiatry 3453:10.1126/science.123.3205.967 3215:10.1007/978-1-0716-1759-5_10 2068:10.1016/0028-2243(86)90119-x 1497:generalized anxiety disorder 855:, sold under the brand name 8205:β-Lipotropin (proendorphin) 7833:((pF)Phe)Nociceptin(1-13)NH 7214:Leumorphin (dynorphin B-29) 5700:Oxymorphone phenylhydrazone 3570:The Journal of Neuroscience 3533:10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000431 2549:The Journal of Neuroscience 2130:10.1590/1518-8345.0765.2744 1717:Neuro Endocrinology Letters 1017:cephalopelvic disproportion 973:. Oxytocin is also used in 893:bleeding following delivery 889:increase the speed of labor 50:reliable medical references 8345: 8299:Oxytocin receptor agonists 8225:Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) 7845:-NH)Gly)Nociceptin(1-13)NH 6949:Adrenorphin (metorphamide) 6116:Methylsamidorphan chloride 5350:Dimethylaminopivalophenone 5175:Adrenorphin (metorphamide) 3169:10.1038/s41398-021-01241-w 2741:10.1016/j.jphs.2018.04.002 2179:10.1891/1058-1243.23.4.198 1911:. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02. 1393:oxytocin receptor agonists 1328:: Oxytocin is effectively 710:Chemical and physical data 79:"Oxytocin" medication 25: 18: 8145:Racecadotril (acetorphan) 7552:Buprenorphine/samidorphan 7464:Tricyclic antidepressants 6542:Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl 5585:Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl 4902:Vasotocin (argiprestocin) 4897:Vasopressin (argipressin) 4788:Vasotocin (argiprestocin) 4783:Vasopressin (argipressin) 4644:Vasotocin (argiprestocin) 4639:Vasopressin (argipressin) 4426:Vasotocin (argiprestocin) 4145: 3809:10.1007/s00213-010-1780-4 3108:Experimental Neurobiology 2937:Acta Chirurgica Hungarica 2855:Frontiers in Neuroscience 2471:10.1016/j.nlm.2006.05.006 2216:American Family Physician 1895:World Health Organization 1851:The Journal of Physiology 1462:, meaning "quick birth". 1446:was coined from the term 1160:Increase fetal blood flow 837: 812: 792: 472: 158: 149: 56:or relies too heavily on 8130:Dexecadotril (retorphan) 8102:Enkephalinase inhibitors 8031:BTRX-246040 (LY-2940094) 8013:(Nphe)Nociceptin(1-13)NH 7929:Nociceptin (orphanin FQ) 3709:Translational Psychiatry 3254:Ott I, Scott JC (1910). 3157:Translational Psychiatry 3120:10.5607/en.2015.24.4.312 2868:10.3389/fnins.2015.00335 1821:. Springer. p. 37. 1670:Psychoneuroendocrinology 1517:autism spectrum disorder 1266:Routes of administration 1193:Autism Spectrum Disorder 1104:Increased blood pressure 26:Not to be confused with 7828:(Arg14,Lys15)Nociceptin 7099:Dynorphin B (rimorphin) 6141:Nalorphine dinicotinate 3493:10.1111/1471-0528.13998 1545:Relationship counseling 1505:social anxiety disorder 1477:counterfeit medications 1099:Subarachnoid hemorrhage 1034:Umbilical cord prolapse 963:oxytocin challenge test 7444:Spiradoline (U-62,066) 7389:Pethidine (meperidine) 6582:Pethidine (meperidine) 6272:ADL-5747 (PF-04856881) 5918:4-Caffeoyl-1,5-quinide 5817:Tetrahydropapaveroline 5732:Pethidine (meperidine) 4818:ORG-52186 (SCH-740935) 4540:Catabolism inhibitors: 3315:10.1098/rspb.1911.0042 2696:10.1098/rstb.2021.0054 2606:10.1002/cmdc.202200169 2371:Depression and Anxiety 1354:gastrointestinal tract 1295:central nervous system 1275: 1231:memory for human faces 1168:uterine contractions, 8135:Ecadotril (sinorphan) 7622:CERC-501 (LY-2456302) 7522:4',7-Dihydroxyflavone 7084:Dinalbuphine sebacate 6959:Alazocine (SKF-10047) 6683:4',7-Dihydroxyflavone 6642:Thiobromadol (C-8813) 6282:Alazocine (SKF-10047) 5928:4',7-Dihydroxyflavone 5908:2-(S)-N,N-(R)-Viminol 5380:Dinalbuphine sebacate 4288:Induction of abortion 4119:Contraction induction 3754:Psychological Science 3668:Biological Psychiatry 3272:10.3181/00379727-8-27 2781:10.3390/cells10102651 2646:10.3390/ijms222413619 2502:Biological Psychiatry 2416:Physiological Reviews 1539:affiliative behaviors 1413:vasopressin receptors 1273: 1223:postpartum depression 971:postpartum hemorrhage 924:rupture of the uterus 144:Oxytocin (medication) 8304:Peptide therapeutics 7992:Sunobinop (S-117957) 7727:N-Fluoropropyl-JDTic 7059:Diamorphine (heroin) 6392:Diamorphine (heroin) 5360:Diamorphine (heroin) 5160:Acetyldihydrocodeine 5140:7-Hydroxymitragynine 5135:7-Acetoxymitragynine 4346:vasopressin receptor 3067:10.1038/bjp.2008.132 1845:Dale HH (May 1906). 1535:treatment for autism 1326:Nasal administration 1094:have been reported: 1074:Unengaged fetal head 8195:Ubenimex (bestatin) 7939:Nociceptin (1-13)NH 7547:β-Chlornaltrexamine 7517:4′-Hydroxyflavanone 6939:β-Chlornaltrexamine 6813:N-Benzylnaltrindole 6708:β-Chlornaltrexamine 6627:TAN-67 (SB-205,607) 6292:AR-M100390 (ARM390) 5953:β-Chlornaltrexamine 5923:4′-Hydroxyflavanone 5150:α-Chlornaltrexamine 4548:Bestatin (ubenimex) 3445:1956Sci...123..967D 3418:10.1021/ja01641a004 3391:10.1021/ja01115a553 3307:1911RSPSB..84...16S 2161:Lothian JA (2014). 1466:Society and culture 1342:blood–brain barrier 975:veterinary medicine 926:and with excessive 909:blood–brain barrier 859:among others, is a 428:and elsewhere (via 392:(Prescription only) 146: 7757:Norbinaltorphimine 7064:Diacetylnalorphine 6753:Diacetylnalorphine 6377:Desmethylclozapine 6031:Diacetylnalorphine 5711:Papaver somniferum 5295:Chloroxymorphamine 4172:Never to phase III 3797:Psychopharmacology 3721:10.1038/tp.2013.34 2690:(1858): 20210054. 2600:(14): e202200169. 2346:. 16 November 2017 1537:'s repetitive and 1425:Henry Hallett Dale 1276: 1251:κ-opioid receptors 1174:Water intoxication 1109:Cardiac arrhythmia 936:Allergic reactions 932:water intoxication 516:-leucylglycinamide 8244: 8243: 8089: 8088: 7934:Nociceptin (1-11) 7805: 7804: 6934:14-Methoxymetopon 6891: 6890: 6808:Methylnaltrindole 6234: 6233: 5903:(3S,4S)-Picenadol 5515:Levacetylmethadol 5061: 5060: 5041:Carrier proteins: 5029: 5028: 5020:lithium carbonate 5008:Other inhibitors: 4560: 4416:PF-06655075 (PF1) 4308: 4307: 4182: 4181: 4113: 4112: 4052:Methylergometrine 4020:Cervical ripening 3900:978-0-444-53201-5 3576:(14): 4999–5007. 3224:978-1-0716-1758-8 3031:978-0-07-148127-4 1828:978-3-319-63739-6 1797:978-0-19-539981-3 1646:. 16 October 2023 1620:. 10 January 2008 1594:. 25 October 2023 1558:Attachment theory 1286:of pure peptide. 1052:infection, total 1007:Contraindications 849: 848: 783:Interactive image 515: 511: 447:~2 h (intranasal) 400: 387: 311: 278: 138: 137: 114: 8336: 8261: 8260: 8259: 8252: 8124: 8051:Nociceptin (1-7) 7947:Norbuprenorphine 7884:Dihydroetorphine 7818: 7707:Methylnaltrexone 7617:Catechin gallate 7349:Norbuprenorphine 7074:Dihydroetorphine 6944:β-Funaltrexamine 6904: 6803:Methylnaltrexone 6743:Catechin gallate 6557:Norbuprenorphine 6397:Dihydroetorphine 6247: 6111:Methylnaltrexone 6003:Catechin gallate 5958:β-Funaltrexamine 5370:Dihydroetorphine 5113: 5088: 5081: 5074: 5065: 4596: 4571:o-Phenanthroline 4558: 4335: 4328: 4321: 4312: 4274:Methylergonovine 4209: 4202: 4195: 4186: 4025: 3992: 3985: 3978: 3969: 3962: 3961: 3951: 3919: 3913: 3912: 3878: 3872: 3871: 3840:Neuropsychologia 3835: 3829: 3828: 3792: 3786: 3785: 3749: 3743: 3742: 3732: 3700: 3694: 3693: 3683: 3659: 3653: 3652: 3642: 3610: 3604: 3603: 3593: 3561: 3555: 3554: 3544: 3512: 3506: 3505: 3495: 3471: 3465: 3464: 3439:(3205): 967–74. 3428: 3422: 3421: 3406:J. Am. Chem. Soc 3401: 3395: 3394: 3379:J. Am. Chem. Soc 3374: 3368: 3367: 3357: 3333: 3327: 3326: 3290: 3284: 3283: 3251: 3245: 3244: 3202: 3191: 3190: 3180: 3148: 3142: 3141: 3131: 3099: 3093: 3092: 3078: 3046: 3040: 3039: 3017: 3011: 3010: 2968: 2959: 2953: 2952: 2932: 2926: 2925: 2897: 2891: 2890: 2880: 2870: 2846: 2840: 2839: 2810: 2804: 2803: 2793: 2783: 2759: 2753: 2752: 2724: 2718: 2717: 2707: 2675: 2669: 2668: 2658: 2648: 2624: 2618: 2617: 2589: 2583: 2582: 2572: 2540: 2534: 2533: 2497: 2491: 2490: 2454: 2448: 2447: 2411: 2405: 2404: 2394: 2383:10.1002/da.22599 2362: 2356: 2355: 2353: 2351: 2336: 2327: 2326: 2316: 2306: 2274: 2268: 2267: 2238: 2232: 2231: 2207: 2201: 2200: 2190: 2158: 2152: 2151: 2141: 2109: 2103: 2102: 2086: 2080: 2079: 2062:(5–6): 309–317. 2051: 2045: 2044: 2042: 2040: 2021: 2010: 2009: 2007: 2005: 1990: 1984: 1983: 1968: 1962: 1961: 1951: 1934:(10): CD009701. 1919: 1913: 1912: 1910: 1891: 1885: 1884: 1874: 1842: 1833: 1832: 1812: 1806: 1805: 1782: 1776: 1775: 1773: 1771: 1756: 1733: 1732: 1711: 1702: 1701: 1665: 1656: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1636: 1630: 1629: 1627: 1625: 1610: 1604: 1603: 1601: 1599: 1584: 1384:(Duratocin) and 1261:Pharmacokinetics 1237:Pharmacodynamics 1079:hypersensitivity 1069:cesarean section 942:may also occur. 845: 844: 785: 765: 763: 746: 740: 734: 728: 722: 702: 682: 662: 642: 622: 602: 582: 562: 552: 551: 537: 513: 509: 441: 398: 395: 385: 382: 360: 309: 306: 288: 277: 274: 261: 247: 218: 217: 214: 213: 210: 207: 204: 201: 198: 195: 192: 189: 186: 183: 163: 154: 147: 145: 133: 132: 124: 121: 115: 113: 72: 41: 40: 33: 8344: 8343: 8339: 8338: 8337: 8335: 8334: 8333: 8269: 8268: 8267: 8257: 8255: 8247: 8245: 8240: 8122: 8085: 8016: 8001: 7942: 7864: 7856: 7848: 7844: 7836: 7813: 7801: 7597:Binaltorphimine 7542:6β-Naltrexol-d4 7505: 7124:Ethylketazocine 7079:Dihydromorphine 6899: 6887: 6698:6β-Naltrexol-d4 6671: 6427:Ethylketazocine 6402:Dihydromorphine 6242: 6230: 5938:6β-Naltrexol-d4 5891: 5690:Oxymorphonazine 5445:Furanylfentanyl 5375:Dihydromorphine 5230:Benzhydrocodone 5119: 5117: 5108: 5100: 5095:Opioid receptor 5092: 5062: 5057: 5025: 4956: 4851: 4842: 4747: 4738: 4603: 4585: 4391:Lipo-oxytocin-1 4351: 4339: 4309: 4304: 4283: 4242: 4216: 4215:Obstetric drugs 4213: 4183: 4178: 4177: 4162:Clinical trials 4141: 4109: 4093: 4086:Dinoprostone/E2 4065: 4056: 4029:Ergot alkaloids 4014: 3996: 3966: 3965: 3921: 3920: 3916: 3901: 3880: 3879: 3875: 3837: 3836: 3832: 3794: 3793: 3789: 3760:(11): 1092–94. 3751: 3750: 3746: 3702: 3701: 3697: 3661: 3660: 3656: 3612: 3611: 3607: 3563: 3562: 3558: 3514: 3513: 3509: 3486:(13): 2076–86. 3473: 3472: 3468: 3430: 3429: 3425: 3412:(12): 3115–21. 3403: 3402: 3398: 3385:(19): 4879–80. 3376: 3375: 3371: 3335: 3334: 3330: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3253: 3252: 3248: 3225: 3204: 3203: 3194: 3150: 3149: 3145: 3101: 3100: 3096: 3048: 3047: 3043: 3032: 3019: 3018: 3014: 2966: 2961: 2960: 2956: 2934: 2933: 2929: 2899: 2898: 2894: 2848: 2847: 2843: 2812: 2811: 2807: 2761: 2760: 2756: 2729:J Pharmacol Sci 2726: 2725: 2721: 2677: 2676: 2672: 2626: 2625: 2621: 2591: 2590: 2586: 2542: 2541: 2537: 2499: 2498: 2494: 2456: 2455: 2451: 2413: 2412: 2408: 2364: 2363: 2359: 2349: 2347: 2338: 2337: 2330: 2283:JAMA Pediatrics 2276: 2275: 2271: 2250:(10): 959–966. 2244:JAMA Pediatrics 2240: 2239: 2235: 2209: 2208: 2204: 2160: 2159: 2155: 2111: 2110: 2106: 2088: 2087: 2083: 2053: 2052: 2048: 2038: 2036: 2023: 2022: 2013: 2003: 2001: 1992: 1991: 1987: 1970: 1969: 1965: 1921: 1920: 1916: 1893: 1892: 1888: 1844: 1843: 1836: 1829: 1814: 1813: 1809: 1798: 1784: 1783: 1779: 1769: 1767: 1758: 1757: 1736: 1713: 1712: 1705: 1667: 1666: 1659: 1649: 1647: 1638: 1637: 1633: 1623: 1621: 1612: 1611: 1607: 1597: 1595: 1586: 1585: 1581: 1576: 1554: 1485: 1473: 1468: 1440: 1421: 1372: 1268: 1263: 1239: 1225:in the mother. 1189:JAMA Pediatrics 1170:uterine rupture 1142:Afibrinogenemia 1088: 1054:placenta previa 1009: 955: 920:slow heart rate 840: 838: 833: 830: 825: 820: 819: 808: 805: 800: 799: 788: 761: 759: 749: 743: 737: 731: 725: 705: 685: 665: 645: 625: 605: 585: 565: 548: 540: 520: 517: 480: 479: 446: 439: 413:Pharmacokinetic 407: 364: 324: 317: 298: 291: 180: 176: 134: 130: 125: 119: 116: 73: 62: 58:primary sources 42: 38: 31: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8342: 8340: 8332: 8331: 8326: 8324:Women's health 8321: 8316: 8311: 8306: 8301: 8296: 8291: 8286: 8281: 8271: 8270: 8266: 8265: 8242: 8241: 8239: 8238: 8228: 8227: 8222: 8217: 8212: 8207: 8198: 8197: 8192: 8187: 8182: 8177: 8172: 8167: 8162: 8157: 8152: 8147: 8142: 8137: 8132: 8127: 8125:-Phenylalanine 8119: 8114: 8109: 8097: 8095: 8091: 8090: 8087: 8086: 8084: 8083: 8078: 8073: 8068: 8063: 8058: 8053: 8048: 8043: 8038: 8033: 8028: 8023: 8018: 8014: 8009: 8007: 8003: 8002: 8000: 7999: 7994: 7989: 7984: 7979: 7974: 7969: 7964: 7959: 7954: 7952:Racemethorphan 7949: 7944: 7940: 7936: 7931: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7901: 7899:Levomethorphan 7896: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7862: 7858: 7854: 7850: 7846: 7842: 7838: 7834: 7830: 7824: 7822: 7815: 7807: 7806: 7803: 7802: 7800: 7799: 7794: 7789: 7784: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7754: 7749: 7744: 7739: 7734: 7729: 7724: 7719: 7714: 7709: 7704: 7699: 7694: 7689: 7684: 7679: 7674: 7669: 7664: 7659: 7654: 7649: 7644: 7639: 7634: 7629: 7624: 7619: 7614: 7609: 7604: 7599: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7569: 7564: 7559: 7554: 7549: 7544: 7539: 7534: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7513: 7511: 7507: 7506: 7504: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7488: 7483: 7461: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7441: 7436: 7431: 7426: 7416: 7411: 7406: 7404:Racemethorphan 7401: 7396: 7391: 7386: 7381: 7376: 7371: 7366: 7361: 7356: 7351: 7346: 7341: 7336: 7331: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7311: 7306: 7301: 7296: 7291: 7286: 7281: 7276: 7271: 7266: 7261: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7241: 7236: 7231: 7226: 7224:Levomethorphan 7221: 7216: 7211: 7206: 7201: 7196: 7191: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7136: 7131: 7126: 7121: 7116: 7111: 7106: 7101: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7081: 7076: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7011: 7006: 7001: 6996: 6991: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6941: 6936: 6931: 6926: 6921: 6916: 6910: 6908: 6901: 6893: 6892: 6889: 6888: 6886: 6885: 6880: 6875: 6870: 6865: 6860: 6855: 6850: 6845: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6760: 6755: 6750: 6745: 6740: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6710: 6705: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6679: 6677: 6673: 6672: 6670: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6634: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6594: 6592:Racemethorphan 6589: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6519: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6502:Levomethorphan 6499: 6497:Leu-enkephalin 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6354: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6253: 6251: 6244: 6236: 6235: 6232: 6231: 6229: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6213: 6208: 6203: 6198: 6193: 6188: 6183: 6178: 6176:Naltrexonazine 6173: 6168: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6088: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6018: 6013: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5899: 5897: 5893: 5892: 5890: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5779: 5777:Racemethorphan 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5520:Levomethorphan 5517: 5512: 5510:Leu-enkephalin 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5470:Hydromorphinol 5467: 5462: 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5365:Dihydrocodeine 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5330:Dextromoramide 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5235:Benzylmorphine 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5165:Acetylfentanyl 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5126: 5124: 5110: 5102: 5101: 5093: 5091: 5090: 5083: 5076: 5068: 5059: 5058: 5056: 5055: 5037: 5035: 5031: 5030: 5027: 5026: 5024: 5023: 5013: 5011:Demeclocycline 5004: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4964: 4962: 4958: 4957: 4955: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4905: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4884: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4855: 4853: 4849: 4844: 4843: 4841: 4840: 4831: 4830: 4825: 4820: 4815: 4810: 4805: 4800: 4791: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4751: 4749: 4745: 4740: 4739: 4737: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4716: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4647: 4646: 4641: 4636: 4631: 4626: 4621: 4616: 4607: 4605: 4601: 4593: 4587: 4586: 4584: 4583: 4578: 4576:Phosphoramidon 4573: 4568: 4563: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4536: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4468: 4456: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4423: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4403: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4361: 4359: 4353: 4352: 4340: 4338: 4337: 4330: 4323: 4315: 4306: 4305: 4303: 4302: 4297: 4291: 4289: 4285: 4284: 4282: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4250: 4248: 4244: 4243: 4241: 4240: 4235: 4230: 4224: 4222: 4218: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4211: 4204: 4197: 4189: 4180: 4179: 4176: 4175: 4174: 4173: 4170: 4159: 4153: 4147: 4146: 4143: 4142: 4140: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4123: 4121: 4115: 4114: 4111: 4110: 4108: 4107: 4105:Carboprost/F2α 4102: 4095: 4094: 4091:Sulprostone/E2 4088: 4083: 4078: 4076:Misoprostol/E1 4071: 4069: 4062:Prostaglandins 4058: 4057: 4055: 4054: 4049: 4039: 4033: 4031: 4022: 4016: 4015: 4003:labor inducers 3997: 3995: 3994: 3987: 3980: 3972: 3964: 3963: 3914: 3899: 3873: 3830: 3787: 3744: 3695: 3654: 3605: 3556: 3527:(3): e000431. 3507: 3466: 3423: 3396: 3369: 3328: 3301:(568): 16–22. 3285: 3246: 3223: 3192: 3143: 3094: 3041: 3030: 3012: 2954: 2927: 2908:(8): 899–905. 2892: 2841: 2805: 2754: 2719: 2670: 2619: 2584: 2535: 2492: 2449: 2406: 2377:(2): 137–146. 2357: 2328: 2289:(9): e160965. 2269: 2233: 2222:(3): 241–242. 2202: 2173:(4): 198–206. 2153: 2104: 2081: 2046: 2011: 1985: 1963: 1914: 1886: 1857:(3): 163–206. 1834: 1827: 1807: 1796: 1777: 1734: 1703: 1676:(9): 1582–86. 1657: 1631: 1605: 1578: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1571: 1570: 1565: 1560: 1553: 1550: 1549: 1548: 1542: 1489:social anxiety 1484: 1481: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1439: 1436: 1420: 1417: 1390:small-molecule 1371: 1368: 1367: 1366: 1358:immunoglobulin 1350: 1323: 1316: 1310: 1280:IU of oxytocin 1267: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1238: 1235: 1162: 1161: 1158: 1149: 1144: 1139: 1133: 1126: 1106: 1101: 1087: 1084: 1083: 1082: 1075: 1072: 1065: 1050:genital herpes 1042: 1039: 1036: 1031: 1028:Fetal distress 1025: 1022: 1019: 1008: 1005: 954: 951: 891:, and to stop 847: 846: 835: 834: 832: 831: 828: 826: 823: 815: 814: 813: 810: 809: 807: 806: 803: 795: 794: 793: 790: 789: 787: 786: 778: 776: 768: 767: 757: 751: 750: 747: 741: 735: 729: 723: 718: 712: 711: 707: 706: 704: 703: 695: 693: 687: 686: 684: 683: 675: 673: 667: 666: 664: 663: 655: 653: 647: 646: 644: 643: 635: 633: 627: 626: 624: 623: 615: 613: 607: 606: 604: 603: 595: 593: 587: 586: 584: 583: 575: 573: 567: 566: 564: 563: 555: 553: 542: 541: 539: 538: 530: 528: 522: 521: 519: 518: 483: 475: 474: 473: 470: 469: 465: 464: 455: 449: 448: 443: 434: 433: 423: 417: 416: 409: 408: 406: 405: 393: 379: 377: 371: 370: 366: 365: 363: 362: 349: 347: 341: 340: 327: 325:administration 319: 318: 316: 315: 313: 303: 301: 293: 292: 290: 289: 271: 269: 263: 262: 255: 249: 248: 241: 231: 230: 227: 221: 220: 174: 170: 169: 165: 164: 156: 155: 136: 135: 128: 126: 45: 43: 36: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8341: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8307: 8305: 8302: 8300: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8290: 8289:Galactagogues 8287: 8285: 8284:Antidiuretics 8282: 8280: 8277: 8276: 8274: 8264: 8254: 8250: 8236: 8233: 8230: 8229: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8220:Pronociceptin 8218: 8216: 8215:Proenkephalin 8213: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8200: 8199: 8196: 8193: 8191: 8188: 8186: 8183: 8181: 8178: 8176: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8161: 8158: 8156: 8153: 8151: 8148: 8146: 8143: 8141: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8105: 8103: 8099: 8098: 8096: 8092: 8082: 8079: 8077: 8074: 8072: 8069: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8049: 8047: 8044: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8034: 8032: 8029: 8027: 8024: 8022: 8019: 8017: 8011: 8010: 8008: 8004: 7998: 7995: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7980: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7955: 7953: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7874:Buprenorphine 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7859: 7857: 7851: 7849: 7839: 7837: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7825: 7823: 7819: 7816: 7812: 7808: 7798: 7795: 7793: 7790: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7780: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7750: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7738: 7735: 7733: 7730: 7728: 7725: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7708: 7705: 7703: 7700: 7698: 7695: 7693: 7690: 7688: 7685: 7683: 7680: 7678: 7675: 7673: 7670: 7668: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7653: 7650: 7648: 7645: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7633: 7630: 7628: 7625: 7623: 7620: 7618: 7615: 7613: 7610: 7608: 7607:Buprenorphine 7605: 7603: 7600: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7568: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7558: 7557:Amentoflavone 7555: 7553: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7533: 7530: 7528: 7525: 7523: 7520: 7518: 7515: 7514: 7512: 7508: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7481: 7480:nortriptyline 7477: 7473: 7469: 7468:amitriptyline 7465: 7462: 7460: 7457: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7442: 7440: 7437: 7435: 7432: 7430: 7427: 7424: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7397: 7395: 7392: 7390: 7387: 7385: 7382: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7357: 7355: 7352: 7350: 7347: 7345: 7342: 7340: 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7265: 7262: 7260: 7257: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7222: 7220: 7217: 7215: 7212: 7210: 7207: 7205: 7202: 7200: 7197: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7187: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7174:Hydromorphone 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7122: 7120: 7117: 7115: 7112: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7089:Diprenorphine 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7069:Difelikefalin 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7049:Cyprenorphine 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6995: 6994:Big dynorphin 6992: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6914:3CS-nalmefene 6912: 6911: 6909: 6905: 6902: 6898: 6894: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6856: 6854: 6851: 6849: 6846: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6758:Diprenorphine 6756: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6744: 6741: 6739: 6736: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6680: 6678: 6674: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6462:Hydromorphone 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6372:Deltorphin II 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6257:3CS-nalmefene 6255: 6254: 6252: 6248: 6245: 6241: 6237: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6212: 6209: 6207: 6204: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6192: 6189: 6187: 6184: 6182: 6179: 6177: 6174: 6172: 6169: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6157: 6154: 6152: 6149: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6106:Methocinnamox 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6066:Ginsenoside R 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6036:Diprenorphine 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5913:3CS-nalmefene 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5900: 5898: 5894: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5742:Phencyclidine 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5717: 5713: 5712: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5685:Oxymorphazone 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5475:Hydromorphone 5473: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5420:Ethylmorphine 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5410:Endomorphin-2 5408: 5406: 5405:Endomorphin-1 5403: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5385:Diphenoxylate 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5270:Butyrfentanyl 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5255:Buprenorphine 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5170:Acrylfentanyl 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5145:ψ-Akuammigine 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5114: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5096: 5089: 5084: 5082: 5077: 5075: 5070: 5069: 5066: 5053: 5049: 5045: 5042: 5039: 5038: 5036: 5032: 5021: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5006: 5005: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4966: 4965: 4963: 4959: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4910: 4907: 4906: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4883: 4880: 4878: 4875: 4873: 4870: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4857: 4856: 4854: 4852: 4845: 4839: 4836: 4833: 4832: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4793: 4792: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4748: 4741: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4717: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4649: 4648: 4645: 4642: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4627: 4625: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4615: 4612: 4609: 4608: 4606: 4604: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4588: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4538: 4537: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4472: 4471:Tocinoic acid 4469: 4467: 4464: 4461: 4458: 4457: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4402: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4366: 4363: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4354: 4350: 4347: 4343: 4336: 4331: 4329: 4324: 4322: 4317: 4316: 4313: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4292: 4290: 4286: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4251: 4249: 4245: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4225: 4223: 4219: 4210: 4205: 4203: 4198: 4196: 4191: 4190: 4187: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4148: 4144: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4124: 4122: 4120: 4116: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4100:Dinoprost/F2α 4097: 4096: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4073: 4072: 4070: 4068: 4063: 4059: 4053: 4050: 4047: 4043: 4040: 4038: 4035: 4034: 4032: 4030: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4017: 4012: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3993: 3988: 3986: 3981: 3979: 3974: 3973: 3970: 3959: 3955: 3950: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3934:(5): 474–84. 3933: 3929: 3925: 3918: 3915: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3896: 3892: 3888: 3884: 3877: 3874: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3846:(1): 179–84. 3845: 3841: 3834: 3831: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3803:(3): 225–32. 3802: 3798: 3791: 3788: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3748: 3745: 3740: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3710: 3706: 3699: 3696: 3691: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3674:(3): 213–21. 3673: 3669: 3665: 3658: 3655: 3650: 3646: 3641: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3625:(5): 219–47. 3624: 3620: 3616: 3609: 3606: 3601: 3597: 3592: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3560: 3557: 3552: 3548: 3543: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3511: 3508: 3503: 3499: 3494: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3470: 3467: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3427: 3424: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3400: 3397: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3373: 3370: 3365: 3361: 3356: 3351: 3348:(2): 949–57. 3347: 3343: 3339: 3332: 3329: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3289: 3286: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3250: 3247: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3201: 3199: 3197: 3193: 3188: 3184: 3179: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3147: 3144: 3139: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3114:(4): 312–24. 3113: 3109: 3105: 3098: 3095: 3091: 3086: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3061:(2): 358–68. 3060: 3056: 3052: 3045: 3042: 3038: 3033: 3027: 3023: 3016: 3013: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2977:(7): 571–75. 2976: 2972: 2965: 2958: 2955: 2950: 2946: 2943:(3): 157–63. 2942: 2938: 2931: 2928: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2896: 2893: 2888: 2884: 2879: 2874: 2869: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2845: 2842: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2809: 2806: 2801: 2797: 2792: 2787: 2782: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2758: 2755: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2723: 2720: 2715: 2711: 2706: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2674: 2671: 2666: 2662: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2633:Int J Mol Sci 2630: 2623: 2620: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2588: 2585: 2580: 2576: 2571: 2566: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2539: 2536: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2508:(3): 256–58. 2507: 2503: 2496: 2493: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2453: 2450: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2422:(2): 629–83. 2421: 2417: 2410: 2407: 2402: 2398: 2393: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2361: 2358: 2345: 2341: 2335: 2333: 2329: 2324: 2320: 2315: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2273: 2270: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2237: 2234: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2206: 2203: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2157: 2154: 2149: 2145: 2140: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2108: 2105: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2085: 2082: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2050: 2047: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2020: 2018: 2016: 2012: 1999: 1995: 1989: 1986: 1981: 1977: 1973: 1967: 1964: 1959: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1918: 1915: 1909: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1890: 1887: 1882: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1841: 1839: 1835: 1830: 1824: 1820: 1819: 1811: 1808: 1803: 1799: 1793: 1789: 1788: 1781: 1778: 1765: 1761: 1755: 1753: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1745: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1735: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1710: 1708: 1704: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1664: 1662: 1658: 1645: 1641: 1635: 1632: 1619: 1615: 1609: 1606: 1593: 1589: 1583: 1580: 1573: 1569: 1566: 1564: 1561: 1559: 1556: 1555: 1551: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1529: 1528: 1527: 1525: 1520: 1518: 1514: 1513:schizophrenia 1510: 1507:, as well as 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1482: 1480: 1478: 1470: 1465: 1463: 1461: 1458:, and τόκος, 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1437: 1435: 1433: 1428: 1426: 1418: 1416: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1376: 1369: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1349:4 hours. 1347: 1344:and exhibits 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1324: 1321: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1304: 1303:intravenously 1300: 1296: 1292: 1289: 1288: 1287: 1285: 1281: 1272: 1265: 1260: 1258: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1245:(PAM) of the 1244: 1236: 1234: 1232: 1226: 1224: 1219: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1200: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1185: 1183: 1178: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1159: 1157: 1153: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1138: 1134: 1131: 1127: 1125: 1121: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1096: 1095: 1093: 1085: 1080: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1066: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1040: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1029: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1014: 1013: 1012: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 978: 976: 972: 968: 964: 960: 952: 950: 948: 943: 941: 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 912: 910: 904: 902: 898: 897:into a muscle 894: 890: 886: 882: 878: 874: 873: 869: 865: 862: 858: 854: 843: 836: 827: 822: 818: 811: 802: 798: 791: 784: 780: 779: 777: 774: 769: 758: 756: 752: 719: 717: 713: 708: 701: 697: 696: 694: 692: 688: 681: 677: 676: 674: 672: 668: 661: 657: 656: 654: 652: 648: 641: 637: 636: 634: 632: 628: 621: 617: 616: 614: 612: 608: 601: 597: 596: 594: 592: 588: 581: 577: 576: 574: 572: 568: 561: 557: 556: 554: 547: 543: 536: 532: 531: 529: 527: 523: 507: 503: 499: 495: 491: 487: 482: 478: 471: 466: 463: 459: 456: 454: 450: 444: 442: 435: 431: 427: 424: 422: 418: 414: 410: 404: 394: 391: 381: 380: 378: 376: 372: 367: 359: 354: 351: 350: 348: 346: 342: 339: 338:intramuscular 335: 331: 328: 326: 320: 314: 305: 304: 302: 300: 294: 287: 282: 273: 272: 270: 268: 264: 260: 256: 254: 250: 246: 242: 240: 236: 232: 228: 226: 222: 216: 175: 173:Pronunciation 171: 168:Clinical data 166: 162: 157: 153: 148: 140: 127: 123: 112: 109: 105: 102: 98: 95: 91: 88: 84: 81: –  80: 76: 75:Find sources: 70: 66: 60: 59: 55: 51: 46:This article 44: 35: 34: 29: 22: 8231: 8210:Prodynorphin 8202:Propeptides: 8201: 8100: 8071:Thienorphine 7894:JNJ-19385899 7879:Cebranopadol 7861:Ac-RYYRIK-NH 7853:Ac-RYYRWK-NH 7537:6β-Naltrexol 7454:Thienorphine 7419:Salvinorin A 7219:Levallorphan 7024:Cebranopadol 6883:Thienorphine 6693:6β-Naltrexol 6477:JNJ-20788560 6472:Isomethadone 6367:Deltorphin I 6362:Deltorphin A 6342:Cebranopadol 6337:Casokefamide 6171:Naltrexazone 6161:Naloxonazine 6086:Levallorphan 5933:6β-Naltrexol 5832:Thienorphine 5787:Remifentanil 5709: 5640:Nicomorphine 5635:Nicodicodine 5590:Morphiceptin 5490:Ketobemidone 5325:Desomorphine 5310:DAMGO (DAGO) 5290:Cebranopadol 5285:Casokefamide 5040: 5007: 4968:Antagonists: 4967: 4917:JNJ-17079166 4909:Antagonists: 4908: 4892:Terlipressin 4862:Desmopressin 4858: 4834: 4828:TASP-0390325 4823:TASP-0233278 4795:Antagonists: 4794: 4778:Terlipressin 4758:Desmopressin 4754: 4679:JNJ-17308616 4674:JNJ-17079166 4651:Antagonists: 4650: 4634:Terlipressin 4610: 4539: 4475:Non-peptide: 4474: 4462: 4460:Antagonists: 4459: 4430:Non-peptide: 4429: 4367: 4364: 4300:Mifepristone 4278: 4237: 4233:Dinoprostone 4126: 4081:Gemeprost/E1 4046:Syntometrine 4037:Acetergamine 3931: 3927: 3917: 3882: 3876: 3843: 3839: 3833: 3800: 3796: 3790: 3757: 3753: 3747: 3712: 3708: 3698: 3671: 3667: 3657: 3622: 3618: 3608: 3573: 3569: 3559: 3524: 3520: 3510: 3483: 3479: 3469: 3436: 3432: 3426: 3409: 3405: 3399: 3382: 3378: 3372: 3345: 3341: 3331: 3298: 3294: 3288: 3266:(2): 48–49. 3263: 3259: 3249: 3206: 3160: 3156: 3146: 3111: 3107: 3097: 3088: 3058: 3054: 3044: 3035: 3021: 3015: 2974: 2970: 2957: 2940: 2936: 2930: 2905: 2901: 2895: 2858: 2854: 2844: 2819: 2815: 2808: 2771: 2767: 2757: 2735:(1): 67–75. 2732: 2728: 2722: 2687: 2683: 2673: 2636: 2632: 2622: 2597: 2593: 2587: 2555:(1): 38–42. 2552: 2548: 2538: 2505: 2501: 2495: 2465:(1): 67–71. 2462: 2458: 2452: 2419: 2415: 2409: 2374: 2370: 2360: 2348:. 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Retrieved 1591: 1582: 1521: 1486: 1474: 1471:Counterfeits 1459: 1455: 1447: 1443: 1441: 1429: 1422: 1373: 1346:psychoactive 1334:intranasally 1320:sublingually 1307:steady-state 1277: 1240: 1227: 1220: 1204:brain damage 1201: 1197: 1186: 1179: 1163: 1089: 1086:Side effects 1015:Substantial 1010: 1002: 979: 959:induce labor 956: 953:Medical uses 944: 916:side effects 913: 905: 870: 856: 852: 850: 839:   700:ChEMBL395429 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 445:1–6 min (IV) 438:Elimination 430:oxytocinases 375:Legal status 369:Legal status 267:License data 139: 120:January 2024 117: 107: 100: 93: 86: 74: 54:verification 47: 8314:Uterotonics 8140:Kelatorphan 8117:Candoxatril 8006:Antagonists 7957:Racemorphan 7924:NNC 63-0532 7909:Lexanopadol 7904:Levorphanol 7782:Quadazocine 7767:Pawhuskin A 7762:Noribogaine 7752:Navacaprant 7742:Naltrindole 7662:Epicatechin 7627:Clocinnamox 7510:Antagonists 7472:desipramine 7439:Samidorphan 7409:Racemorphan 7394:Phenazocine 7384:Pentazocine 7364:Norketamine 7359:Noribogaine 7319:Nalfurafine 7284:Mirtazapine 7274:Metkefamide 7234:Lexanopadol 7229:Levorphanol 7209:Laudanosine 7194:ICI-204,448 7189:ICI-199,441 7159:Hemorphin-4 7119:Erinacine E 7104:Eluxadoline 7094:Dynorphin A 7039:Cyclazocine 7014:Butorphanol 6999:Bremazocine 6974:Asimadoline 6964:Allomatrine 6954:Akuammicine 6863:Quadazocine 6858:Pawhuskin A 6853:Noribogaine 6838:Naltrindole 6778:Epicatechin 6773:Eluxadoline 6748:Clocinnamox 6676:Antagonists 6607:Samidorphan 6597:Racemorphan 6577:Oxymorphone 6537:Mitragynine 6532:Metkefamide 6512:Lexanopadol 6507:Levorphanol 6492:Laudanosine 6457:Hydrocodone 6452:Hemorphin-4 6352:Cyclazocine 6327:Butorphanol 6302:β-Endorphin 6221:Samidorphan 6216:Quadazocine 6206:Pawhuskin A 6196:Noribogaine 6186:Naltrindole 6121:Naldemedine 6051:Epicatechin 6008:Clocinnamox 5896:Antagonists 5867:Tubotaiwine 5852:Trimebutine 5782:Racemorphan 5752:Piritramide 5737:Phenazocine 5722:Pentazocine 5695:Oxymorphone 5660:Oliceridine 5645:Norketamine 5630:Nicocodeine 5615:Naltalimide 5580:Mitragynine 5570:Metkefamide 5540:Loxicodegol 5530:Lexanopadol 5525:Levorphanol 5500:Laudanosine 5465:Hydrocodone 5460:Hodgkinsine 5450:Hemorphin-4 5440:Frakefamide 5400:Embutramide 5395:Dynorphin A 5355:Eluxadoline 5345:Dimenoxadol 5280:Carfentanil 5265:Butorphanol 5240:Bezitramide 5210:β-Endorphin 5200:Anileridine 5190:Akuammidine 5185:Akuammicine 5155:α-Narcotine 5044:Neurophysin 4882:Ornipressin 4867:Felypressin 4808:Brezivaptan 4773:Ornipressin 4763:Felypressin 4699:Relcovaptan 4629:Selepressin 4624:Ornipressin 4614:Felypressin 4591:Vasopressin 4561:-Methionine 4411:PF-06478939 4386:Demoxytocin 4295:Misoprostol 4269:Ergometrine 4264:Demoxytocin 4158:from market 4137:Demoxytocin 4042:Ergometrine 3999:Uterotonics 3715:(5): e258. 2594:ChemMedChem 2304:10616/45629 2101:(1): 47–48. 2039:9 September 2004:16 December 1524:social cues 1432:synthesized 1409:selectivity 1386:demoxytocin 1365:mechanisms. 1338:nasal spray 1330:distributed 1147:Anaphylaxis 1077:History of 1058:vasa previa 998:terbutaline 967:ergometrine 940:anaphylaxis 901:into a vein 885:start labor 877:contraction 766: g·mol 468:Identifiers 334:intravenous 253:MedlinePlus 225:Trade names 48:needs more 8279:Analgesics 8273:Categories 8235:Kyotorphin 8180:Spinorphin 8061:SB-612,111 8056:Nocistatin 8026:BAN-ORL-24 7977:SCH-486757 7972:SCH-221510 7811:Nociceptin 7772:PF-4455242 7747:Naringenin 7737:Naltrexone 7697:LY-2795050 7692:LY-2459989 7687:LY-2444296 7682:LY-2196044 7667:Hyperoside 7582:Aticaprant 7476:imipramine 7399:Proxorphan 7374:Oxilorphan 7344:Niravoline 7334:Nalorphine 7309:Nalbuphine 7294:Moxazocine 7269:Metazocine 7239:Lofentanil 7204:Ketazocine 7164:Herkinorin 7144:Gemazocine 7134:Fedotozine 7114:Eptazocine 7044:Cyclorphan 7029:Ciprefadol 6848:Naringenin 6828:Naltrexone 6823:Nalorphine 6798:LY-2196044 6788:ICI-174864 6783:ICI-154129 6728:Bevenopran 6703:α-Santolol 6667:Zenazocine 6647:Tonazocine 6602:RWJ-394674 6587:Proglumide 6527:Metazocine 6517:Lofentanil 6447:Fluorophen 6211:Rimonabant 6201:Oxilorphan 6191:Naringenin 6181:Naltrexone 6146:Naloxazone 6136:Nalorphine 6101:LY-2196044 6071:Hyperoside 6061:Gemazocine 6056:Eptazocine 5993:Bevenopran 5837:Tianeptine 5812:Tapentadol 5807:Sufentanil 5802:Sinomenine 5792:Salsolinol 5747:Piminodine 5665:Oxycodegol 5655:Octreotide 5650:Nufenoxole 5600:Nalbuphine 5555:Meptazinol 5535:Loperamide 5505:Lefetamine 5455:Herkinorin 5435:Fluorophen 5390:Dipipanone 5315:Dermorphin 5205:Apparicine 5195:Alfentanil 5118:(abridged; 5098:modulators 4981:RWJ-339489 4976:Ribuvaptan 4971:Balovaptan 4937:Satavaptan 4932:RWJ-351647 4927:Mozavaptan 4922:Lixivaptan 4912:Conivaptan 4813:Nelivaptan 4719:WAY-267464 4664:Conivaptan 4659:Balovaptan 4533:WAY-162720 4528:SSR-126768 4483:Cligosiban 4448:WAY-267464 4401:Nacartocin 4381:Cargutocin 4376:Carbetocin 4371:Aspartocin 4349:modulators 4259:Carbetocin 4254:Carboprost 4132:Carbetocin 2991:2066/21581 2822:: 170901. 1760:"Oxytocin" 1650:14 January 1624:14 January 1598:14 January 1574:References 1493:depression 1483:Other uses 1401:WAY-267464 1382:carbetocin 1132:blood flow 1120:heart rate 1111:including 994:salbutamol 938:including 861:medication 851:Synthetic 771:3D model ( 755:Molar mass 680:CHEBI:7872 640:1JQS135EYN 611:ChemSpider 571:IUPHAR/BPS 526:CAS Number 477:IUPAC name 421:Metabolism 330:Intranasal 90:newspapers 8190:Tynorphin 8185:Thiorphan 8165:Opiorphan 8107:Amastatin 8036:J-113,397 7997:TH-030418 7967:Ro65-6570 7962:Ro64-6198 7889:Etorphine 7797:Zyklophin 7787:Taxifolin 7677:LY-255582 7637:Cyclofoxy 7587:Axelopran 7501:Xorphanol 7491:U-54,494A 7459:Tifluadom 7449:TH-030418 7379:Oxycodone 7369:Oripavine 7339:Naltriben 7324:Nalmefene 7279:Mianserin 7249:Lufuradom 7154:GR-103545 7129:Etorphine 7109:Enadoline 7009:Butorphan 7004:BRL-52537 6969:Apadoline 6878:Taxifolin 6873:SoRI-9409 6833:Naltriben 6818:Nalmefene 6793:LY-255582 6723:Axelopran 6662:Xorphanol 6632:TH-030418 6612:SB-235863 6572:Oxycodone 6567:Oripavine 6432:Etorphine 6322:Butorphan 6287:Amoxapine 6226:Taxifolin 6151:Naloxegol 6126:Nalmefene 6096:LY-255582 6026:Cyprodime 6021:Cyclofoxy 5988:Axelopran 5968:Alvimopan 5963:Akuammine 5948:α-Gliadin 5887:Xorphanol 5877:Valorphin 5822:TH-030418 5680:Oxycodone 5675:Oripavine 5610:Nalmexone 5565:Methadone 5545:LS-115509 5425:Etorphine 5415:Eseroline 5260:Butorphan 5121:full list 5001:YM-222546 4942:Tolvaptan 4877:Lypressin 4859:Agonists: 4768:Lypressin 4755:Agonists: 4694:PF-184563 4689:LY-307174 4669:FR-218944 4619:Lypressin 4611:Agonists: 4581:Puromycin 4566:Leupeptin 4543:Amastatin 4523:Retosiban 4518:Nolasiban 4513:L-372,662 4508:L-371,257 4503:L-368,899 4493:Erlosiban 4488:Epelsiban 4478:Barusiban 4396:Merotocin 4365:Agonists: 4228:Dinoprost 4168:Phase III 4156:Withdrawn 4067:analogues 4007:oxytocics 3241:239090096 3163:(1): 94. 2124:: e2744. 2031:. WebMD. 1976:Drugs.com 1442:The word 1438:Etymology 1378:analogues 1370:Chemistry 1299:half-life 1291:Injection 1284:μg or mcg 1257:effects. 1255:analgesic 1128:Impaired 1117:decreased 1113:increased 1048:, active 1046:carcinoma 990:ritodrine 982:tocolytic 866:from the 458:Bile duct 453:Excretion 440:half-life 323:Routes of 297:Pregnancy 245:Monograph 239:Drugs.com 28:Oxycontin 8263:Medicine 8076:Trap-101 8066:SR-16430 7987:SR-16435 7841:(PheΨ(CH 7821:Agonists 7732:Naloxone 7642:Dezocine 7612:Catechin 7567:Apigenin 7496:U-69,593 7289:Morphine 7259:MB-1C-OH 7199:Ketamine 7184:Ibogaine 7149:GR-89696 7139:Fentanyl 7019:BW373U86 6907:Agonists 6897:κ-opioid 6843:Naloxone 6738:Catechin 6713:Apigenin 6652:Tramadol 6637:Thebaine 6547:Morphine 6467:Ibogaine 6437:Fentanyl 6417:DPI-3290 6387:Dezocine 6332:BW373U86 6312:Biphalin 6277:ADL-5859 6250:Agonists 6240:δ-opioid 6166:Naloxone 6091:Lobeline 6076:Ibogaine 5998:Catechin 5978:Apigenin 5847:Tramadol 5842:Tilidine 5827:Thebaine 5797:SC-17599 5767:Propiram 5727:Pericine 5670:OM-3-MNZ 5595:Morphine 5485:Ketamine 5430:Fentanyl 5340:Dezocine 5275:BW373U86 5245:Biphalin 5130:3-HO-PCP 5116:Agonists 5106:μ-opioid 4996:VMAX-382 4991:VMAX-372 4986:VMAX-367 4961:Unsorted 4952:YM-35471 4887:TC OT 39 4838:TASP-699 4835:Ligands: 4734:YM-35471 4714:TC OT 39 4654:Atosiban 4466:Atosiban 4463:Peptide: 4443:TC OT 39 4406:Oxytocin 4368:Peptide: 4357:Oxytocin 4342:Oxytocin 4279:Oxytocin 4238:Oxytocin 4127:Oxytocin 3958:23880593 3909:18655901 3868:34778485 3860:19747930 3817:20186397 3782:19670817 3774:19076479 3739:23695233 3690:26208744 3649:24651556 3600:20371820 3551:22556159 3521:BMJ Open 3502:27006180 3461:13324123 3364:13129273 3323:93718970 3280:87519246 3233:34550574 3207:Oxytocin 3187:33542175 3138:26713079 3085:18475254 2887:26441508 2836:36347314 2816:Peptides 2800:34685631 2749:29716811 2714:35856299 2665:34948415 2614:35560796 2579:19129382 2530:38681820 2522:18343353 2487:25371427 2479:16997585 2444:13265083 2436:11274341 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intravenous
intramuscular

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